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Audiobook16 hours
Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India
Written by Joseph Lelyveld
Narrated by Mark Bramhall
Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
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About this audiobook
A highly original, stirring book on Mahatma Gandhi that deepens our sense of his achievements and disappointments-his success in seizing India's imagination and shaping its independence struggle as a mass movement, his recognition late in life that few of his followers paid more than lip service to his ambitious goals of social justice for the country's minorities, outcasts, and rural poor.
Pulitzer Prize-winner Joseph Lelyveld shows in vivid, unmatched detail how Gandhi's sense of mission, social values, and philosophy of nonviolent resistance were shaped on another subcontinent-during two decades in South Africa-and then tested by an India that quickly learned to revere him as a Mahatma, or "Great Soul," while following him only a small part of the way to the social transformation he envisioned. The man himself emerges as one of history's most remarkable self-creations, a prosperous lawyer who became an ascetic in a loincloth wholly dedicated to political and social action. Lelyveld leads us step-by-step through the heroic-and tragic-last months of this selfless leader's long campaign when his nonviolent efforts culminated in the partition of India, the creation of Pakistan, and a bloodbath of ethnic cleansing that ended only with his own assassination.
India and its politicians were ready to place Gandhi on a pedestal as "Father of the Nation" but were less inclined to embrace his teachings. Muslim support, crucial in his rise to leadership, soon waned, and the oppressed untouchables-for whom Gandhi spoke to Hindus as a whole-produced their own leaders.
Here is a vital, brilliant reconsideration of Gandhi's extraordinary struggles on two continents, of his fierce but, finally, unfulfilled hopes, and of his ever-evolving legacy, which more than six decades after his death still ensures his place as India's social conscience-and not just India's.
From the Hardcover edition.
Pulitzer Prize-winner Joseph Lelyveld shows in vivid, unmatched detail how Gandhi's sense of mission, social values, and philosophy of nonviolent resistance were shaped on another subcontinent-during two decades in South Africa-and then tested by an India that quickly learned to revere him as a Mahatma, or "Great Soul," while following him only a small part of the way to the social transformation he envisioned. The man himself emerges as one of history's most remarkable self-creations, a prosperous lawyer who became an ascetic in a loincloth wholly dedicated to political and social action. Lelyveld leads us step-by-step through the heroic-and tragic-last months of this selfless leader's long campaign when his nonviolent efforts culminated in the partition of India, the creation of Pakistan, and a bloodbath of ethnic cleansing that ended only with his own assassination.
India and its politicians were ready to place Gandhi on a pedestal as "Father of the Nation" but were less inclined to embrace his teachings. Muslim support, crucial in his rise to leadership, soon waned, and the oppressed untouchables-for whom Gandhi spoke to Hindus as a whole-produced their own leaders.
Here is a vital, brilliant reconsideration of Gandhi's extraordinary struggles on two continents, of his fierce but, finally, unfulfilled hopes, and of his ever-evolving legacy, which more than six decades after his death still ensures his place as India's social conscience-and not just India's.
From the Hardcover edition.
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Author
Joseph Lelyveld
Joseph Lelyveld is former executive editor of The New York Times and the author of Omaha Blues, Move Your Shadow, and House of Bondage.
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Reviews for Great Soul
Rating: 3.9565217391304346 out of 5 stars
4/5
23 ratings3 reviews
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5An excellent and seemingly evenhanded analysis of Gandhi's character, personal struggles, and impact on India and the 20th Century.
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5(Written somewhere over Siberia on the plane to Incheon at 3:30 AM EST, god-knows-when actual Korean time)
Gandhi is one of those few figures whose name inspires near-universal reverence. In India, within a barely a century after his death, he is already somewhere between Jesus Christ and the Buddha. Perhaps there are a few diehard colonialists and preservers of Empire who still despise him, and aside from them, those few fervent religious devotees.
Yet he is still controversial. His role in Indian and world history, and the effects of his actions, are still yet to be determined. Great Soul tears open more than a few historical wounds and will no doubt cause history departments and devoted followers and nationalists to erupt with rage for years. It remains uncertain on the extent of his role in the renewal and independence of modern India ûû if he is solely responsible for its greatness, or if his meddling inadvertently worsened the centuries of sectarian strife.
In popular views, he is a saint ûû a simple holy man, seen in his biopics and operas. But in the beginning, in South Africa, we see the old story of Gandhiûûs awakening in a train as he is forced to sit in the back. He is still then a shrewd and ambitious lawyer, tempted to settle down and work for some social justice causes.
His views then were amorphous, but some guidelines have already been established ûû e.g. Should he include eggs or milk in his vegetarian diet? How are we to properly balance the roles of caste and religion? E.g. some traditional Hindus are in favor of maintenance of the system, etc. He first things of representation within empire, and serves as a medicine stretcher in the Boer War ûû by historical irony, one of the few circumstances where him and Churchill are on the same side. But later his views become more certain ûû Quit India! Village independence, local means of production. The dietary and sexual restrictions are part of a larger goal ûû improved discipline and sanitation. India does deal with the latter to this day.
A popular bugaboo of modern historical biography is discovering traces of homosexuality. German-Jewish bodybuilder named Kallenbach, who at least seems like an old friend more than anything ûû and male friendships were closer and more platonic in the 19th century until just recently.
Up until, and even after his arrival in India, he still has his shrewd political dealings, in contrast to his saintly image. We see discussions with Jinnah, the Pakistani ûûfather of the nationûû. Nehru, a ûûchosen successorûû. An ûûuntouchableûû ûû this one is an astonishing figure in his own right, B. R. Ambedkar, who insists upon his action for Caste Reform. Chandra Bose, who will defect to the Imperial Japanese Army and fights a war of rebellion, in contrast to his own plans of satyagraha ûû using the force of truth.
Unfortunately, we see the limits of satyagraha, with the composition of his letter to Hitler, simply asking him politely to let the Jews go. And then public statements asking the Jews to go peacefully to their deaths, and hope the sheer remorse will overcome the Nazis. This illustrates the fundamental differences between the British and German empires EE the British Empire only committed genocide when it benefitted their policies EE the Nazi empire, genocide was open policy and law.
As for what Hitler thought of Ghandi, he is said to have remarked offhand to a British liaison, EEWhy donEEt you just shoot him?EE
His doctrines of non-violence and satyagraha and abst - Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5A fascinating, insightful biography. Rather than telling the story of Gandhi's entire life, Lelyveld focuses on pivotal episodes that shaped the great man's philosophical, political, and spiritual views. This is not the Gandhi superbly portrayed by Ben Kingsely in the hagiographic but wonderful motion picture. Lelyveld has been criticized for his "all too human" portrait of Gandhi but I find it refreshing. Gandhi's eccentricities, flaws, weaknesses, and considerable naivtee in some important matters makes him all the more admirable and interesting. It is difficult to follow Lelyveld's discussions of India's vastly complicated Hindu caste system, but this subject seems to be a challenge for any writer.