Our Moon: New Discoveries About Earth's Closest Companion
By Elaine Scott
3/5
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About this ebook
Since the dawn of human existence, people have gazed up at the night sky and wondered about the moon. In Our Moon, Elaine Scott presents a concise history of what the moon has meant to humanity over the centuries, from ancient lunar legends and theories to the revolutionary discoveries of Galileo. She then shares a wealth of captivating, kid-friendly overview of what we know about the moon today.
Scott covers everything from the newest theories on how the moon formed, to the recent, startling discovery of water on its surface and the very real possibility of future moon colonies. Illustrated with stunning, full-color photographs and packed with fun facts, this is the most complete and up-to-date book available on the moon.
A glossary, bibliography, and index are included.
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Book preview
Our Moon - Elaine Scott
Clarion Books
3 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10016
Copyright © 2015 by Elaine Scott
All rights reserved. For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to trade.permissions@hmhco.com or to Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 3 Park Avenue, 19th Floor, New York, New York 10016.
Front cover: Enhanced image of the moon and starry sky. (Romolo Tavani/Shutterstock)
Cover design by Opal Roengchai
All images not otherwise credited are in the public domain.
Clarion Books is an imprint of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
www.hmhco.com
The Library of Congress has cataloged the print edition as follows:
Scott, Elaine, 1940– author.
Our moon : new discoveries about Earth’s closest companion / Elaine Scott.
pages cm.
Summary: "Full of captivating, kid-friendly information, Our Moon covers everything from the newest theories on how the moon formed, to the recent, startling discovery of water on its surface and the very real possibility of future moon colonies. Illustrated with full-color photographs and packed with fun facts, this is the most complete and up-to-date book available on the moon. Includes glossary, bibliography, and index"—Provided by publisher.
Audience: Ages 9–12.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-547-48394-8 (hardcover)
1. Space flight to the moon—Juvenile literature. 2. Moon—Juvenile literature. 3. Moon—Exploration—Juvenile literature. 4. Earth (Planet)—Juvenile literature. I. Title.
TL799.M6S26 2015
523.3—dc23
2015006855
eISBN 978-0-544-75058-6
v1.0116
Title page image: A supermoon
photographed on July 18, 2008. Supermoons occur when the moon is full and its orbit carries it closest to Earth, causing it to appear bigger and brighter than ever in the night sky. The scientific term for this close approach is perigee. The moon’s orbit around Earth varies from an average distance of 225,623 miles at perigee to an average of 252,088 miles from Earth at its farthest point, or apogee. (NASA/Sean Smith)
For my daughter, Susan, whom I love to the moon and back
Introduction
[Image]A full moon lightens the darkness of the night. (Jon Sullivan)
ON JULY 20, 1969, astronaut Michael Mike
Collins sat at the controls of Columbia, the space vehicle that had carried him and his two fellow astronauts Neil Armstrong (1930–2012) and Edwin Buzz
Aldrin (1930–) to the moon. Neil and Buzz had left Columbia and were already on the moon, making their first explorations of its strange and powdery surface. After much serious communication between Mission Control in Houston, Texas, and the history-making astronauts of Apollo 11, a voice from Houston again crackled into Mike’s headset.
Mission Control: Among the large headlines concerning Apollo this morning, there’s one asking that you watch for a lovely girl with a big rabbit. An ancient legend says a beautiful Chinese girl called Chang-o has been living there for 4,000 years. It seems she was banished to the moon because she stole the pill of immortality from her husband. You might also look for her companion, a large Chinese rabbit, who is easy to spot, since he is always standing on his hind feet in the shade of a cinnamon tree. The name of the rabbit is not recorded.
Collins: Okay. We’ll keep a close eye out for the bunny girl.
[Image]Chang-o, now more commonly known as Chang’e, the Chinese moon goddess. (Library of Congress)
Of course, that communication was a joke. The mission was going well, and there was time for a little fun. No one thought there was a Chinese princess or a big rabbit on the moon. Not in 1969. But four thousand years before, in ancient China, when people looked at the full moon and saw the dark markings on its surface, they created many stories to explain them, including the one about Chang-o.
Other ancient cultures created stories about those dark spots on the moon too. One tale sees the man in the moon as a biblical figure. The story in the Bible says Cain killed his brother Abel while they lived in Eden with their parents, Adam and Eve. As punishment for the crime, Cain was banished from his home to a land east of Eden.
A legend developed that the land east of Eden
was the moon and that Cain was sent there to live, doomed to orbit Earth forever, gazing at the planet he could no longer inhabit because of his terrible crime.
Stonehenge, the mysterious ring of stones in Wiltshire, England, may have been used as a type of observatory by people living more than 4,500 years ago. (Bernard Gagnon)
These stories, passed from generation to generation over thousands of years, tell us that the moon has fascinated humans from the beginning of our history. Not only did our ancestors tell stories and sing songs about the glowing disk that moved across the sky each night; some of their civilizations even worshiped the moon, building temples and pyramids in its honor. Others took a scientific