VERNIER MOTOR

Unexcited reluctance type synchronous motor. Useful torque is developed only when it operates at

synchronous speed.
Designed to run at a low speed and to have high

torque.

INTRODUCTION
Operates on the principle of a vernier. Peculiar feature of this motor is that a small

displacement

of

the

rotor

produces

large

displacement of the permeance.

Permeance is the inverse of reluctance. When rotating magnetic field is introduced in the air

gap, the rotor will rotate slowly and at a definite fraction of speed of the rotating field.

INTRODUCTION
This rotating field is produced by exciting the stator

coil groups in sequence.

As the rotor speed steps down from the speed of the

rotating field the motor torque steps up.

Find applications where required low speed and high

torque.
Also where mechanical gearing is undesirable.

CONSTRUCTION
Construction is similar to poly phase induction motor. Two important parts

1. Stator 2. Rotor

STATOR CONSTRUCTION
Laminated stator core. Made up of silicon steel. Laminated construction to reduce eddy current and

hysteresis loss in the stator.

At the inner periphery of the stator core, stator slots are

provided.
Slots are provided for housing the stator winding.
Due to excitation of winding the rotating magnetic field is

produced in the air gap.

ROTOR CONSTRUCTION
Laminated rotor is made up of iron material. No excitation winding provided on the rotor. Outer periphery of the rotor has rotor slots.

Number of stator slots will be more than the number

of rotor slots.
Because of this construction the air gap permeance

varies between the stator and rotor slots in the horizontal and vertical direction.

OPERATION
Consider a motor with 12 stator slots and 10 rotor slots. Vertical axis the stator and rotor teeth are facing

each other.
Horizontal axis the stator teeth and rotor slots are

facing each other.

Assume fluxes in the air gap are assumed to be in

radial direction.

CONSTRUCTIONAL DIAGRAM

OPERATION
At this position maximum permeance is along the

vertical axis.
Minimum permeance is along the horizontal axis.

Rotating magnetic field is produced.

Field introduced in the air gap of the machine.

Rotor now rotates slowly and at a definite fraction of

the speed of the rotating field.

OPERATION
When rotating field rotates for 90degree the rotor will

rotate one half of its slot pitch.

Now the rotor slots will face stator teeth in the vertical

axis.
The rotor and stator teeth will face each other in the

horizontal axis.
Now the axis of maximum permeance is along

horizontal position.

OPERATION
The axis of minimum permeance is now vertical axis. Thus one half slot pitch of rotor results in a 90 degree

displacement of the permeance.

Whenever 90 degree rotation of magnetic field results

one half slot pitch of the rotor.

When the rotating field completes one revolution, the

rotor will rotate through an angle corresponding to two rotor slot pitches.

OPERATION
Peculiar feature is that a small displacement of the

rotor produces a large displacement of the axes.

When the rotor rotates, the permeance wave rotates at

much faster speed, approximately 5times of rotor

speed.

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