Urinalysis

Date Test Rationale Normal Value Result Clinical significance

Color J U N E Appearance 1 9 Reaction 2 0 1 2 Specific Gravity

Color change can result from diet, drugs and many metabolic inflammatory or infecticus diseases.

Straw to dark yellow

Yellow

Colorless: Overhydration: Diuretics theraphy

Clear

Hazy

4.5 to 8

6.0

This test helps evaluate your body's water balance and urine concentration 1.005-1.035 1.015 May result fanconis syndrome, UTI, respiratory alkalosis.

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Increased urine specific gravity may be due to: Dehydration , Diarrhea that causes dehydration, Glucosuria Renal arterial stenosis, Shock, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) Decreased urine specific gravity may be due to: Excessive fluid intake, Diabetes insipidus central, Diabetes insipidus - nephrogenic, Renal

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failure, Renal tubular necrosis, Severe kidney infection (pyelonephritis.

If positive, indicates pregnancy induced Chemical characteristics: hypertension

Albumin

To test the presence of albumin in the urine which implies presence of pregnancy induced hypertension. Presence of glucose indicates diabetes mellitus

None

Positive

Pregnant (+)diabetes mellitus

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Sugar The main significance of this result is to indicate of such contamination. None Negative More indicates urinary tract infection

Indicates infection Squamous Epithelial cells Few Few (pyelonephritis, urethratitis, uretitis, cystitis, etc.)

Pus cells

Pus cells help indicates infection.

0-4

Increase: hematuria, due to hemorrhage, inflammation, necrosis, trauma or neoplasia somewhere along the urinary tract (or urogenital

RBC

Indicates inflammation and bleeding

0-3

tract in voided 3 specimens).

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Increase: Pyuria generally indicate the presence of inflammatory process along the course of urinary tract.

WBC

Helps to Indicate infection

0-17

20 H

Increase indicates infection (Urinary Tract Infection)

Bacteria

Indicates infection

Increase indicates 0-278 406 H infection (Urinary Tract Infection)

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