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Amara Sadaf

ID: L1F09BBAM0276

Define multiparty system its merits and demerits? Political parties Political parties are alike political organization that are consist of people who share similar ideas that how to govern government, they make policies and can alter policies by representing their ideas to the parliament. Their primary purpose is to influence the government policies, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. In democracies citizens organize their political activity through political parties and election system. Party systems G. Sartori defines party system as A system of interactions resulting from the inter parties competition. Party system is the concept of political science pertaining to the system of government by political parties in any democratic country. Party system is classified in different categories: One party system: One party rule the state and all factors are controlled by one party. It is prevailing in communist society for example in china, Cuba and North Korea. Two party systems: In two which parties rules, other parties might exist but have no political influences. Its classical example is USA Multiparty system: In this system more than two parties have impact in state political life. E.g. Germany, Italy, Pakistan and India Dominant party system: This party is dominating in political structure and election is just like a formality.

Multi party systems


A multi-party system in politics is a system of government in which more than two political parties truly have a chances and capacity to gain real political power and government power. Competitive elections with multi parties ensure that no one party will dominate in long run. Parties will be more doctrinaire and distinctive. Simply multi party system encourages the general constituency to form multiple distinct, officially recognized groups, generally called political parties. Each party competes for votes from the people who allowed to vote. A multi-party system is essential for representative democracies, because it prevents the leadership of a single party from setting policy without challenge. Examples: Taiwan, Germany, Denmark, India, Indonesia, France, soiree Leone, brazil, Canada Kosovo and Israel are the nations that used multi-party system effectively in their democracies.

Merit of multiparty system


There are following merits of multiparty system: There is more diverse representation peoples can find parties that more closely align to their views. It prevents one party to become dictator and it is good system for democracy. Countries which have democratic system this party system is perhaps consider being the best. This party system is responsible for the establishment of coalition governments which are the result of combination and compromise among different groups having different and very often opposite programs and policies. Such a government cannot pursue its policy with full strength and unity of purpose. It is like a chain having many links with many parties if we compare it to the single party system its government is like a solid rod. Though decision-making is difficult to manage as it involves more time but the decisions made under this system are more effective and are generally accepted by people. It's a more democratic form of system rather than the one party or two party systems. It allows a number of voices and demands within the country to enjoy political representation. If there are multiple major parties, each with less than a majority of the vote, the parties are forced to work together to form working governments. This promotes a form of centrism. It more effectively corresponds to the division of public opinion It represents and satisfies the aspirations of diverse interest groups; It reduces the fear of absolutism of the majority; It is more flexible because under this system groups can be freely organized, can unite and separate in accordance with the circumstances.

Demerit of multi party system


Lack of power by a single party and it is hard to get legislate many issues. More complex for voters, they are confused and not be able to choose right representative. Main party cannot do anything without the will of its friends party. According to the online poll 72 percent people agrees that multiparty system slow down the development process. In multiple-party system cabinet is composed of various groups and in case of failures and failings of the government it is difficult to blame any particular group that creates tension. Under the multiple party systems the constitutional crises are very common because at times a decisive majority in the legislature may not be possible. It leads to political compromises and spoils system.

Under the multiple-party system people are confused voters are not sure to which party shall form the government, because ministry is formed later on by the combination of various groups. As a result, the Cabinets are not the direct choice of the people. The government under the multiple-party system is very unstable. A coalition government under the multiple-party system is a heterogeneous combination of diverse elements. It may be dissolved at any moment. Governments, therefore, go on constantly changing. For example France has the multiple-party system, is notorious for constant reshuffling of governments. With three or more parties, a party has a much more likely chance of being elected without holding the same beliefs of the majority of people

My Opinion
There are many advantages and disadvantages of multi party system but according to my opinion multi party system creates a natural system of checks and balances which prevents one side from doing things without approval from opposing parties, simply it prevent dictatorship. This system is best for those countries which have democratic system. But despite this fact we cannot ignore that under multiparty system a kind of tension is created either it is about legislation functionality or executives which makes development process slow and can make country unstable. One party lack power to make decision and depends upon opponent party which create a situation of antagonism. Under this system overall development of a nation is slow down due to instability in government legislation and policies, which affect our trading and overall economy. So, according to my opinion in Pakistan multiparty system is not a good choice because we already e facing political instability and if we continue with this system our overall development will be effected due to lots of conflicts. So, I think that for Pakistan bi party system is better than multiparty system and one party system.

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