PPTG101213 Free Fall & Projectile Notes GALLEGO

Constant Acceleration |Freefall| Constant Velocity |Projectile
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
Motion with Constant Acceleration
A feather is dropped on the moon from a height of 1.40 meters. The feather accelerates to the ground at 1.67m/s2. Determine the time for the feather to fall to the surface of the moon.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
A stone is dropped from the top of the building that is 100m tall. The stone accelerates to the ground at 10m/s2. Determine the time for the stone to fall to the ground.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s
Time (s) 0 1 2 3 4
Velocity (m/s) 0 10 20 30 40
Distance (m) 0 5 20 45 80
t3= 30m/s
t4= 40m/s
50
125
t5= 50m/s
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1 2 d at 2
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REDG 2011
t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s
t3= 30m/s
When an object is falling under the influence of gravity alone, it is undergoing a freefall.
t4= 40m/s
t5= 50m/s
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 6
t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s
t3= 30m/s
When an object is falling under the influence of gravity alone, it is undergoing a freefall.
2 100 m 2d t 4.47s a m 10 2 s
REDG 2011 7
t4= 40m/s
t5= 50m/s
3 August 2012
Freefall & NOT Freefall

Tell whether each situation is undergoing freefall or not
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REDG 2011
Freefall & NOT Freefall Which will hit the ground first?
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REDG 2011
Freefall
An object undergoing a freefall undergoes an acceleration due to gravity, g, 2 that is 9.8 m/s
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Freefall
If a freely falling rock were equipped with speedometer, by how much would its speed reading increase with each second of fall?
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REDG 2011
11
Freefall
When a ball is thrown straight up, by how much does the speed increase or decrease each second? (Neglect air
resistance)
Will its velocity reach zero while it is up in the air?

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Freefall
Elephant
Snail
Feather
The elephant, snail and the bird planned to jump off from a plane high above the ground. Because the bird was trapped in the cage, only its feather has escaped. Neglecting air resistance, which will hit the ground first?
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Freefall
If all jumped (feather dropped) from the plane, what it their initial velocity? If air resistance is ignored, which one has the greatest acceleration?
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Freefall
If they started from the same height, leaves with the same initial velocity, and subjected to the same acceleration, then, which will take longer time in air before hitting the ground?
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Freefall
What is the difference between these two problems?
A stone is dropped from the top of the building that is 100m tall.
A stone is thrown downward from the top of the building that is 100m tall.
vi = 0
vi > 0
16
Freefall
What is the difference between these two problems?
A stone is dropped from the top of the building that is 100m tall.
A stone is thrown downward from the top of the building that is 100m tall.
Acceleration due to gravity
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REDG 2011
17
Freefall
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REDG 2011
18
Freefall
Identify the given, unknown and the equation of the unknown. Further, solve the equation.
A coin is dropped in a vacuum tube, find its displacement after 0.30 seconds.
t vi g d = 0.30s =0 = 9.8m/s2 =?
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REDG 2011
19
Freefall
An egg was thrown straight down from top of a building at a speed of 15m/s. It hit the ground 2.75s later. At what speed did it hit the ground? t = 2.75s vi = 15m/s g = 9.8m/s2 vf =?
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
20
Freefall
An egg was thrown straight down from top of a building at a speed of 15m/s. It hit the ground 2.75s later. How high from the ground was the egg before it was thrown?
t vi g d = 2.75s = 15m/s = 9.8m/s2 =?
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
21
Freefall
A cannon ball is fired straight up from the ground and returned 12.0s later. What is the velocity of the cannon ball when it was fired?
t vi g vf = 12.0s =? = -9.8m/s2 =0
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REDG 2011
22
Freefall
A kangaroo is capable of jumping to a height of 2.62 m. Determine the takeoff speed of the kangaroo.
2.62m
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REDG 2011
23
Freefall
t=0 t=1
t=4.5? t=8? t=15?

3 August 2012
If a rock from rest, equipped with speedometer, is freely falling what would the speedometer reading be 4.5s after it is dropped? How about 8 seconds after it is dropped? 15 seconds?
24
REDG 2011
Terminal Velocity
When something is undergoing freefall its velocity increases by 9.8m/s in every second of its descent. However, there comes a time that velocity no longer increase, thus no longer accelerates. In this case, the falling something reaches its terminal velocity.
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Terminal Velocity
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REDG 2011
26
Terminal Velocity
Does a raindrop reach terminal velocity? What if the raindrops do not reach terminal velocity? What is the acceleration of a falling object that reaches terminal velocity?
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REDG 2011
27
Terminal Velocity
If rain drops do not reach terminal velocity.
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REDG 2011
28
Reaction Time
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REDG 2011
29
Reaction Time
Reaction time is the interval time between the presentation of a stimulus and the initiation of the muscular response to that stimulus.
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Reaction Time
Trial 1 2 3 Average *Convert all units in meters Initial reading Final reading Differen ce
2d t g
Determine your reaction time

3 August 2012 REDG 2011 31
Reaction Time
What does a longer reaction time imply?

3 August 2012 REDG 2011 32
Projectile Motion
Mr. Suave had his rifle shooting session. He noticed that when he fired the rifle horizontally, the shell of the bullet drops from the rifle directly to the ground. Which will hit the ground first, the head or the shell of the bullet? Explain.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
33
Projectile Motion
Without the influence of the gravity, a canon ball that is fired horizontally will travel at constant velocity. Thus, equal distance covered in every equal time interval.
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REDG 2011
34
Projectile Motion
Without being fired horizontally, a canon ball will drop undergoing a free fall. Thus, as it is falling, it accelerates at 9.8m/s2.
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REDG 2011
35
Projectile Motion
Under real condition, a canon that is fired horizontally will have constant horizontal velocity. However, it is also acted upon by the gravity thus, as it is travelling horizontally, in also travelling vertically at the acceleration due to gravity, 9.8m/s2.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
36
Projectile Motion
Horizontal motion = non accelerating Vertical motion = freefall

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Projectile Motion
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REDG 2011
38
Projectile Motion
Mr. Suave had his rifle shooting session. He noticed that when he fired the rifle horizontally, the shell of the bullet drops from the rifle directly to the ground. Which will hit the ground first, the head or the shell of the bullet? Explain.
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 39
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REDG 2011
40
Projectile Motion
A heavy crate accidentally falls from a high-flying airplane just as it is directly above a shiny red BMW smartly parked in a car lot. Relative to the BMW, where will the crate crash?
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REDG 2011
41
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REDG 2011
42
When the stealth bomber moves at a certain velocity, all that are inside it are moving with the same velocity.
When a bomb is released by the stealth bomber, the bomb will undergo freefall. Even if the bomb is falling, it continues of moving horizontally with the same velocity as the stealth bomber.
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REDG 2011
44
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45
Projectile Motion
A projectile is launched at an angle into the air. Neglecting air resistance, what is its vertical acceleration? Its horizontal acceleration?
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REDG 2011
46
Projectile Motion
Without the influence of the gravity, a canon ball that is fired horizontally will travel at constant velocity. Thus, equal distance covered in every equal time interval.
d vt
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Projectile Motion
Without being fired horizontally, a canon ball will drop undergoing a free fall. Thus, as it is falling, it accelerates at 9.8m/s2.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
48
Projectile Motion
The boy on a tower that is 5m high throws a ball to a distance of 20m. At what speed is the ball thrown?
5m
20m
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
49
Projectile Motion
The boy on a tower that is 10m high throws a ball to a distance of 20m. At what speed is the ball thrown?
10m
20m
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
50
Projectile Motion
A battleship (disguising pirate) simultaneously fires two shells at pirates aboard stolen ships. If the shells follow the trajectories shown below, which ship gets hit first?
A
3 August 2012
B
REDG 2011 51
Projectile Motion
Which shell stays in the air for longer time?
A
3 August 2012
B
REDG 2011 52
Hang Time
The hang time of an object is the length of time that it is aloft after leaving the ground.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
53
Hang Time
Hang time = time going up + time going down
The hang time of Michael Jordan is the length of time that he stays in the air, still, under the influence of the gravity.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
54
Hang Time
The hang time of the dolphin is the length of time that it stays in the air, still, under the influence of the gravity.
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 55
Hang Time
The hang time of the dog is the length of time that it stays in the air, still, under the influence of the gravity.
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
56
Hang Time
When you jump upward, your hang time is the time your feet are off the ground. Which has a longer hang time, the one who jumps 0.2 meters upward or the one who jumps the same height but an angle with the ground?
0.2m
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
57
Hang Time
Identify the given, unknown and the equation of the unknown.
If a kangaroo is capable of jumping to a height of 2.62 m. Determine its hang time.

Given: d=2.62m; g=9.8m/s2; t=2t=? Solution:
2d t= g 2(2.62) t'=2t 2 2 0.73 1.46 s 9.8
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 58
2.62m
Hang Time
Identify the given, unknown and the equation of the unknown.
If Michael Jordan has a vertical leap of 1.29 m, then what his hang time?
Given: d=2.62m; g=9.8m/s2; t=2t=? Solution:
2d t= g 2(1.29) t'=2t 2 2 0.263 0.53s 9.8 3 August 2012 REDG 2011
1.29m
59
Problems on Projectile
Two golfers each hit the ball at the same speed but one at 60o with the horizontal and the other is at 30o. Which ball goes farther? Which hits the ground first?
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
60
Identify the given, unknown and the equation of the unknown. Finally, solve the problem.
Since the Moon is gravitationally attracted to the Earth, why doesnt it simply crash into the Earth?
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
61
Given: dy=1.3m dx=? g=9.8m/s2 vx= 4.0m/s
Solution:
t=
2d y
2(1.3) 0.52 s g 9.8
d=v x t = 4.0 0.52 = 2.1m

3 August 2012 REDG 2011 62
Given: dy=100m dx=20 g=9.8m/s2 vx= ?
t= vx =
2d y g
2(100) 4.52 s 9.8
dx 20 m = = 4.42 t 4.52 s
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REDG 2011
63
Given: dy=19.3m dx=26.3m g=9.8m/s2 vx= ?
t=
2d y
2(19.3) 1.98s g 9.8
d x 26.3 m vx = = = 13.28 t 1.98 s
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REDG 2011
64
vi y = accelerated (-9.8m/s )
vi
vix = constant speed
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REDG 2011
65
vi y =visin
vi
vix =vi cos
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REDG 2011
66
g= t= t= t= v fy -viy t v fy -viy g 0-viy g viy g
t up = t down
vi y = visin
hang time, t'=2t 2viy t'= g
vfy 0
tup tdown
REDG 2011
visin t= g 2visin t' = g

67
viy 0
3 August 2012
R or d x =vix t' R or d x =vi cos t'
vix = vi cos
vfy 0
viy 0
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REDG 2011 68
R or d x =vi cos t' 2visin t' = g 2visin R=vi cos g
Given: = 30o vi= 6m/s R=?
2vi2cossin g 2(6) 2cos30 sin30 9.8 3.18m
69
At which point in its trajectory does a batted baseball have its minimum speed?
3 August 2012
REDG 2011
70
A projectile is fired upward at the speed of 141m/s, 45o to the horizontal. What is its velocity when it reached the top of its trajectory?
When the projectile reach the topmost of its trajectory, the velocity along y or vfy=0 but vx is not equal to zero.
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 71
Identify the given, unknown and the equation of the unknown. Finally, solve the problem. A cannonball shot with an initial velocity of 141m/s at an angle 45o follows a parabolic path and hits the balloon at the top of its trajectory. Neglecting air resistance, how fast is the cannon ball going when it hits the balloon?
Given: = 45o vi= 141m/s g= 9.8m/s2 vx=?
3 August 2012
v x = vi cos 141 cos45 99.7 m s
REDG 2011
72
Determine the range of a ball launched with a speed of 40m/s at angles (a) 40o (b) 45o (c) 50o from the ground level
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REDG 2011
73
Problems on Projectile (Challenge)

Daring Phoebe wishes to cross the Grand Canyon of the Snake River from being shot from a cannon. She wishes to be launched at 60o with the horizontal so that she can spend more time waving to the crowd. With what speed must she be launched to cross the 520m canyon?
3 August 2012 REDG 2011 74

PPTG101213 Free Fall &amp; Projectile Notes GALLEGO

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PPTG101213 Free Fall &amp; Projectile Notes GALLEGO

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Constant Acceleration |Freefall| Constant Velocity |Projectile

Motion with Constant Acceleration

Motion with Constant Acceleration

Motion with Constant Acceleration

t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s

Motion with Constant Acceleration

Motion with Constant Acceleration

t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s

Motion with Constant Acceleration

t1= 10m/s t2= 20m/s

Freefall & NOT Freefall

Will its velocity reach zero while it is up in the air?

t=4.5? t=8? t=15?

Determine your reaction time

What does a longer reaction time imply?

Horizontal motion = non accelerating Vertical motion = freefall

Hang time = time going up + time going down

If a kangaroo is capable of jumping to a height of 2.62 m. Determine its hang time.

2(1.3) 0.52 s g 9.8

d=v x t = 4.0 0.52 = 2.1m

2(100) 4.52 s 9.8

2(19.3) 1.98s g 9.8

d x 26.3 m vx = = = 13.28 t 1.98 s

vix = constant speed

vix =vi cos

hang time, t'=2t 2viy t'= g

visin t= g 2visin t' = g

R or d x =vix t' R or d x =vi cos t'

2vi2cossin g 2(6) 2cos30 sin30 9.8 3.18m

v x = vi cos 141 cos45 99.7 m s

Problems on Projectile (Challenge)

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PPTG101213 Free Fall & Projectile Notes GALLEGO

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