: UMTS

3- UMTS
3- - UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) 3G -

,
. UMTS
,
.
NetTest .

, UMTS.
1 - 3 UMTS
, .
4 5 UMTS:
.
6 NetTest UMTS,
,

.

1. UMTS
1.1
. ,
,
. 1876 , ,
,
!
. ,
, (, ,
, ), , ,
, , .
, ,
.
1980-
(1G), .
,
. ,

. ,
,
( ). , ,

. , ,

.
1982 CEPT ( )
, (GSM)
- -
(2G). GSM
. 1989 CEPT ETSI (
). GSM - ETSI.
GSM, , ,
, , , ( GSM,
PCS1900). GSM " ",
.

1G

2G

3G

IP (VoIP)

c 1980.
c 1990.
c 2000.
, GSM
. ,
(SMS). GSM
,
.
( 9600 ) GSM
. ETSI
, 2.5G. ,
GSM, GSM: HSCSD
( ), GPRS ( )
EDGE ( /GSM).
HSCSD GSM,
. GSM, ,

- 57.6 /.
HSCSD , ..
.
GPRS
170 /. GPRS GSM,
. GPRS GSM
,
, . GPRS

.
EDGE GSM/GPRS,
, .
EDGE 384 /.

. 1 GSM (2G), GPRS (2.5G) UMTS (3G)

(UMTS)
(3G), . UMTS
,
, . UMTS
:

UMTS :

UMTS

UMTS :

, ,

"" , ,
:
o

o
,
,
, ,
2.5G (GPRS) 3G. 2.5G
(
), GSM,
UMTS ,
. EDGE ,
.
GSM 2.5G ,
, , UMTS
( ). GPRS
, UMTS .
GPRS ,
UMTS 3G.

1.2
UMTS .
ETSI "
" (3GPP)
.
- "- " (MRP).

. 2 , 3GPP
3GPP , , . (OHG) ,
, 3GPP .
"
2" (3GPP-2), ,
IS-95.
UMTS GSM/GPRS,
. ,
WCDMA ( ),

GSM. ,
, , , . , UMTS
GSM/GPRS/UMTS, IP.

1.3 UMTS
UMTS 3GPP - .
: UMTS 1999 (R99 - 3/Rel-3), UMTS
4 (Rel-4) UMTS 5 (Rel-5). 1.5, ,
. UMTS -
3GPP.

:
R99

(UTRAN) UMTS
GSM/GPRS (RNS)
(CN) - GSM/GPRS

Rel-4

4 (MGW), (MSC)
(SGW). MSC

UTRAN,
, 2 /

Rel-5

IP- (IMS)
(HLR) / ("") (HSS)
UTRAN, IP UMTS
IubFlex ( (RNC)

(LCS)
IP-, ,
5 IP 6 (IPv6)

B)

"" . , ,
(.. ).
6 : ,
IMS, (WLANI),
( ), / (MBMS)
(PS).
4.
, 4.

1.4 , UMTS
UMTS , .
UMTS 5 , , ,
, , IP (VoIP),
. , ,
( IP)
. , , ,
: IP- (IMS).

1.4.1
, UMTS, , GSM ISDN (
). -, ,
. , UMTS,
. , ,
. ,
.
(SMS), GSM. ,
:
// /

1.4.2
2.5G 3G - .
GPRS, UMTS (QoS)
. QoS " "
, IP.
QoS 5.

1.4.3 UMTS

 UMTS , , ,
, , .
,
() , .
.

1.4.3.1 ,
(UE)
.
UTRAN, ,
UE " ".
:

" "
" "

UMTS .
, , GSM/GPRS
(MS UE
GSM/GPRS).

1.4.3.2 WAP
(WAP) - ,
.
, , ,
. WAP web-,
(WML) - (HTML),
. WML .
WAP .

1.4.3.3
(MMS)
(MMS)
UE UE,
(VAS). , ,
.
, , , , .

1.4.3.4 CAMEL
(CAMEL)
. UMTS
(IN) :

()

CAMEL , ( IN
). IN
. CAMEL ,
.

1.4.4 (VHE)
VHE - UMTS,
, . ,
, ,
, , , .

VHE , CAMEL.

1.5 UMTS

. 3 GSM/GPRS/UMTS
GSM/GPRS/UMTS,
UMTS. (GERAN)
GSM/GPRS RNS (UTRAN) UMTS. (CN) GSM/GPRS,
, UMTS 4 5 ,
. GSM/GPRS
UMTS, 2G
. ,
, .
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
(PLMN), , 4,
(PSTN) IP.

1.5.1
GSM/GPRS/UMTS : BSS -
GSM, GPRS EDGE (GERAN), RNS - WCDMA.

1.5.2 GSM/EDGE (GERAN)

GERAN - , GSM, GPRS EDGE. GERAN (CN)
GSM 2+ (A- Gb),
Iu. GERAN PS (Iu-PS
Gb) , GERAN
(CS) (Iu-CS A)
.

. 4 GERAN

1.5.2.1 (BSS)
BSS GERAN - (, ..),
. BSS
MSC A Iu-CS. PLMN,
GPRS, BSS GPRS (SGSN)
Gb Iu-PS.
BSS . BSS
. Abis, BSS
(BSC) (BTS). BTS BSC
Abis.

1.5.2.2 (BTS)
BTS ( - TRX),
GSM ( ,
). BTS MS.

1.5.2.3 (BSC)
BSC BTS , ,
-
MS
. BSC - MSC.

1.5.2.4 GSM (MS)

GSM ()
(SIM). SIM- ,
, .
(IMEI)
. SIM-
(IMSI), ,
. IMEI IMSI , ,
. MS GSM ( Um).
UMTS, :


o
o

, A/Gb BSS CN, , :

, 4
4 BSS Iu CN
, Iu-CS Iu-PS BSS CN :
4 BSS Iu CN

1.5.3
(UTRAN)
UMTS R99 UTRAN. UTRAN
WCDMA, ,
, GSM/GPRS. UTRAN GSM
2+ Iu; UTRAN PS (Iu-PS)
, UTRAN CS (IuCS) .
- (BC),
(" ",
). BC Iu-BC. 1.5.2
.

1.5.3.1 (RNS)
UTRAN RNS, CN Iu. RNS
(RNC) B (Node B). B
RNC Iub. B (.. ) . RNC
RNS Iur.

. 5 UTRAN

1.5.3.2 (RNC)
RNC . RNC BSC
GSM/GPRS, . RNC UTRAN :

RNC
RNC B RNS. RNC
RNC (CRNC)

RNC
o
UE RNC : RNC
(SRNC), UE . SRNC Iu CN

. 6 RNC

RNC
, RNC :
RNC (DRNC). DRNC (" ") SRNC
UE. DRNC SRNC ( DRNC) UE.

. 7 RNC

1.5.3.3 B
B BTS GSM.
B . ,
3.5 .

1.5.3.4 (UE)
(UE) (MS) GSM, ..
, . UE
() (USIM).
IMEI.
,
(API). USIM ,
, . SIM- GSM USIM
. .
,
USIM. , .

1.5.4

. 8 UMTS
(CN) CS PS. ,
( - "Registers") , .
.

1.5.5 -
(CS)

. 9 - CS

1.5.5.1 /
(MSC/GMSC)
CS CN MSC. MSC - ,
MS, ,
MSC. MSC
, MSC
. , MSC , :

,
,

MSC/GMSC . MSC
,
. MSC (, ,
), MSC ,
/ . MSC
MSC .
GMSC
( , ISDN, ).

 ,
; .. MSC . ,
MSC.

1.5.5.2 /
(MGW/ MSC)
4 CS, (, ,
IP-), MSC (MGW),
, MSC . MSC ,
, : (CC) MSC.
MGW MSC .
CAMEL ,
.
MGW PSTN/PLMN UTRAN CN
Iu. MGW - (B-)
(, RTP
( ) IP-).

1.5.5.3 (SGW)
(SGW) ( )
SS7, 4,
IP, -R99 (..
SCTP/IP Sigtran MTP SS7). SGW (, MAP, CAP,
BICC, ISUP), SCCP (
) SCTP ( ),
. SGW
IP- UMTS.
.

. 10

1.5.6 -
(PS)

. 11 - PS

1.5.6.1 GPRS (SGSN)

SGSN PS . SGSN
BSC/RNC.
(MM), MSC CS ,
, (RAU) . SGSN
, ( MS/UE
SGSN).

1.5.6.2 GPRS (GGSN)

GGSN PS
IP GPRS/UMTS IP
. IP-
SGSN, MS/UE. MS SGSN
, GGSN . GGSN
MS/UE ,
.

1.5.7 (CN) -
1.5.7.1 (HLR)
(HLR) 4.
5 HLR HSS ( - . ),
HLR. HLR
, ,
.
(VLR), MS. HLR
, .
HLR :

PS, SGSN GGSN Gr Gc. ,

PS

CS, MSC/ MSC, C D. ,

CS GSM/ CS UMTS.

1.5.7.2 (HSS)

. 12 HSS - HLR
UMTS 5 HSS HLR. HSS HLR
HLR IM
IP- (IMS). , 1.5.8.
HSS PS CS. HSS -
, , ,
/, ,
/ ,
, / .
UMTS HSS
, .
HSS :

IM IMS,
(CSCF). IM CN

HLR, PS

HLR, CS,
CS GSM/ CS UMTS.
HSS , :

,



HSS
.

(.. )

1.5.7.3 (VLR)
, HLR,

, (LA), VLR.
MS LA , LA,
HLR . HLR VLR ,
. VLR TMSI.
HLR VLR MSC .
VLR MSC, UMTS 4 MSC.

1.5.7.4 (AuC)
- ,
( SIM)
HLR VLR ( HLR), ( )
.

1.5.7.5 (EIR)

 EIR - , ,
, MS IMEI. IMEI
, MS
.

1.5.8 IP- (IMS)

. 13 IP-
IMS UMTS 4 5. IMS
CN . IP- (IM)
, (IETF). IM
PS -
CS.
IMS PLMN ,
, . 3GPP
IMS. ,
PLMN (),
, , IMS. IMS
: ,
, , web,
.
IMS.

CSCF, :
(Proxy)-CSCF (P-CSCF) - UE IMS.
(PCF) P-CSCF

CSCF (I-CSCF) - IMS,

CSCF (S-CSCF) UE

(MGCF) ISUP (
ISDN) IMS (, ISUP/SIP (
))

(MFR)

IP- (IM-MGW) -
. IM-MGW ,
(, , -, -)

: UMTS

2.1
UMTS. UMTS 3
: (UE), (UTRAN) (CN).

. 14 UMTS .
, UTRAN, :

(access stratum) - , UE UTRAN

(non-access stratum, NAC) - , CN UE UTRAN
CN UE
UTRAN.

2.2 UTRAN
UTRAN 3- :

(control plane), ,

(user plane) - ,

(TNCP)
o
. TNCP
UTRAN

. 15 , UE CN UTRAN.

2.2.1
UE .
( ) (RANAP/RNSAP/NBAP)
( ) .
, , (,
(RAB) ) ,
.
;
. NAS.

 - -
. , ,
(O&M).

2.2.2
.
, .
, ..
.
- -
.
.

2.2.3 (TNCP)
UTRAN ( ATM)
. TNCP .
TNCP . ALCAP,
( )
ALCAP. TNCP
.
TNCP,
ALCAP . ALCAP
. ALCAP .
ALCAP, TNCP . ,
.
ALCAP O&M ,
, .

2.2.4 UTRAN

. 16 UE - PS (3G-SGSN)

. 17 UE - CS (MSC)
NAS.
GPRS/ /
(GMM/SM, MM/CC): GMM/SM MM/CC 3GPP TS 24.008.
2.5 MM/GMM/SM/CC:

(MM)

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

IMSI

TMSI

CM

/ MM

GPRS (GMM)

P-TMSI

/

/ GMM
//

() GPRS (SM)

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

/
/

DTMF

(PDP)
PDP
PDP
PDP
PDP
SM

SMS (SMS)
, 3GPP TS 23.040.
.

. 18 UE - PS .

. 19 UE - CS .

2.3 UTRAN
UTRAN : (Iur Iub) (Iu Uu).
.
() .

2.3.1 UTRAN
UTRAN , .

. 20 UTRAN.
( ) (
). ,
,
.

2.3.2 Iu
Iu UTRAN CN. Iu .
Iu CS Iu-CS. Iu PS
Iu-PS. - BC, BC Iu-BC. Iu-BC . UTRAN ,
, UE .

. 21 Iu UTRAN CN
(CN) , ,
UE /.
Iu , UTRAN CN,
.

2.3.3 Iu-CS

. 22 Iu-CS.
Iu-CS ,
.
(RANAP)
7. , RANAP SCCP.
- . 3b
(MTP3b) SCCP. ( )
ATM SS7 SSCF-NNI, SSCOP AAL5.

2.3.3.1
(RANAP)
RANAP ,
3G-SGSN UTRAN, GTP Iu.
RANAP / UTRAN, :

RAB, ,
NAS UE CN, MM (
)
UE
UE


Iu
RANAP 3G TS 25.413.

2.3.3.2
:

SCCP .
- . SCCP - Q.716

MTP3b , , ,
, . MTP3b - Q.2210
(SSCF-NNI). SSCF
SSCOP. SSCF-NNI - Q.2140
(SSCOP)
. SSCOP
- Q.2210
ATM (AAL5) ATM.
AAL5 - I.363.5
SSCF, SSCOP SSCOP ATM -
(SAAL-NNI).
RANAP 3G TS 25.412.

2.3.4 Iu-PS
Iu-PS Iu-CS.
: , Iu-CS,
, IP ATM, M3UA ( MTP3
IP), SCTP IP.

. 23 Iu-PS.
2.2.4 Iu-PS
UMTS.

2.3.4.1 GPRS
(GTP-U)
UTRAN 3G-SGSN,
GPRS (GSN) . GTP
PDP (PDU). GTP 3G TS 29.060. GTP-U ,
GTP-C, 2.4.2. (GTP-C)
(GTP-U) , .

2.3.4.2 /
(UDP/IP)
UDP/IP ,
.

2.3.5 Iub
Iub CRNC ( DRNC) ,
B. DRNC
.

2.3.6 Iub

. 24 Iub.
, B (NBAP), SSCF-UNI
SCCOP AAL5. ATM
(SAAL). 2.2.4 Iub
UMTS.

2.3.6.1 B
(NBAP)
NBAP, 3G TS 25.433, Iub.
/ UTRAN, :

, UE

2.3.6.2

 Iub .
, .. ,
Uu. .
:

(CPCH FP)
(USCH FP)
(DSCH FP)
(PCH FP)
(FACH FP)
(RACH FP)
(DCH FP)

2.3.7 Iur
Iur SRNC ,
DRNC. .
BSC, GSM/GPRS, Iur,
RNC. ,
CN , (-), ,
UE, , CN.

2.3.8 Iur

. 25 Iur.
Iur IuPS. . Iur
(RNSAP).

2.3.8.1
(RNSAP)

RNSAP

/ UTRAN, :

Iur,

SRNC
NAS UE CN, MM
UE
( )

RNSAP 3G TS 25.423.

2.3.9 Uu

. 26 ( ).
Uu - UE UMTS. 2.2.4
Uu UMTS.

2.3.9.1 (RRC)
RRC, 3G TS 25.331, UTRAN (RNC) UE.
:

o
o
o

RRC UE UTRAN (, , )
(, , )
RRC (, , )
RRC
QoS
UE
(. 3.4.3.2)

RRC
(timing advance) ( (TDD))

2.3.9.2
(PDCP)
PDCP, 3G TS 25.323, UTRAN (RNC)
UE. :

IP (, TCP/IP RTP/UDP/IP IPv4 IPv6)

PDCP

2.3.9.3
(RLC)
RLC RLC UTRAN (RNC) UE.
RLC (RB). RLC :

PDU
PDU
,
PDU

RLC 3G TS 25.322.

2.3.9.4 (MAC)
MAC . UTRAN (RNC) UE.
:

UE UE
/ PDU

MAC 3G TS 25.321.

2.4 (CN)
, CN, CS
PS. () .

2.4.1
(MAP)

. 27 MAP - Gr SGSN HLR.

MAP ( ) CN. TCAP, SCCP, MTP3 MTP2 -
, 7.
MAP CS PLMN.
, MAP.

,
MAP, 3G TS 29.002.

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

SIWFS
SIWFS



(IST)

/// //


/ CC

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

SMS
SMS
SM
SMS


SMS
(LCS)
LCS

2.4.1.1 , MAP
SGSN - HLR ( Gr):

MAP HLR, 3G TS 29.002,

GPRS . 3G TS 23.060.
SGSN - EIR ( Gf):

MAP SGSN EIR, "

" 3G TS 23.060.
SGSN - SMS-GMSC SMS-IWMSC ( Gd):

MAP SGSN SMS-GMSC SMS-IWMSC, "

" 3G TS 23.060.
GGSN - HLR ( Gc):
GGSN HLR.
:

SS7 GGSN, MAP GGSN HLR

SS7 GGSN, GSN SS7, PLMN,
GGSN, GTP MAP, GGSN
HLR.

2.4.2 GSN - GSN

. 28 SGSN-GGSN SGSN-SGSN.

GTP-C

SGSN GGSN (Gn), - SGSN

(Gp). GTP-C MM 3G TS
29.060.
UDP
GSN.

2.4.3 SGSN - MSC/VLR

. 29 SGSN-MSC/VLR.

+ (BSSAP+)
BSSAP SGSN MSC/VLR, 3G TS 29.018.

2.4.4 GSN - GSN

. 30 SGSN-GGSN SGSN-SGSN.

GTP-U

SGSN GGSN (Gn), - SGSN

(Gp). GTP 3G TS 29.060. GTP-U ,
GTP-C, 2.4.2 (CTP-C)
(GTP-U) ,
UDP
GSN.

: UMTS
.
UE, UTRAN CN .
, , , . UMTS
. ,
.
CN UE, , , UE
, .

. (MM) (RRM),
, UE .
UMTS ,
.
. MM RRM ,
.
.

3.1 (UE)
(UE) UMTS IDLE ().
(), UMTS
, PLMN.
, UE UTRAN,

CONNECTED
().

UE

/ .
Camping on UTRAN Cell ( UTRAN).
UE UMTS GSM/ GPRS. UMTS
, UE GSM/GPRS. Camping on
GSM/GPRS Cell ( GSM/GPRS).
UE (LU).
UE UTRAN, .

3.1.1 (MM)
(CS)
UE CN , ,
GSM.

. 1 MM
UE IMSI (IMSI Attach), MM-DETACHED
MM-CONNECTED, IMSI -
MM-IDLE. MM-IDLE CN LA (
), UTRAN.
, UE MM-CONNECTED
/.
IMSI (IMSI Detach), MM-DETACHED.
MM-CONNECTED UTRAN ID ()
CN ID Iu.

3.1.2
(PMM)
UE CN , .

. 2 PMM
UE GPRS, PMM-DETACHED PMMCONNECTED, GPRS -
PMM-IDLE. PMM-IDLE CN RA
( ), UTRAN.
(RAU), UE
PMM-CONNECTED /. PMMCONNECTED UTRAN ID CN ID
Iu.
PS, PMM-DETACHED.

3.1.3 (RRC)

. 3 RRC
UE
. RRC, RNC. Idle () UE
. Connected () UE RRC:

Cell_FACH ( )
, , IMSI LU
Cell_DCH ( )
, . UTRAN
QoS CS QoS PS.
Cell_PCH ( ) URA_PCH , .
, , . Cell_PCH
, URA_PCH
UTRAN (URA). 3.3.3.
, - .
, URA_PCH Cell_PCH, UE ,
.

3.1.4 UE
UE RRC. UE
. UE
. , UE, UTRAN
, . 3.3.3.

UE
UE
RRC
PMMDETACHED
PMM-IDLE
PMMCell_FACH
CONNECTED
Cell_DCH
Cell_PCH

UE
UE

UE
HLR
IMSI,
LA/RA
LA/RA
CN
LA/RA

CN, UTRAN
URA
Iu

CN, UTRAN

Iu

CN, UTRAN
URA
Iu

UE, LA/RA
UE,
UE, (PS)
UTRAN (CS)
UE,

URA_PCH

URA

UTRAN

URA

UE, URA

3.1.5 (PDP)
PS PDP. PDP
PDP UE, SGSN GGSN. PDP
PDP. PDP , PDP .
PDP PMM IMSI .

. 5 PDP.

3.1.5.1 INACTIVE ()
INACTIVE PDP .
PDP PDP,
PDP. . INACTIVE
UE PDP, PS.
UE INACTIVE ACTIVE,
PDP.

3.1.5.2 ACTIVE ()
ACTIVE PDP PDP UE, SGSN GGSN.
PDP PDU PDP
PDP UE GGSN.
PDP UE INACTIVE,
PDP. PDP UE INACTIVE,
PMM IDLE PMM-DETACHED.

3.2
,
(QoS) . UMTS
QoS .
, RAB.

3.2.1
, UE ,
, .
UMTS ,
CN . I "" .
UE IDLE, .
LA/RA, UE
. II , UE CN
CN.
, UE.
UE IMSI- GPRS- , I, MSC/VLR
SGSN.

. 6 CS Iu.

3.2.2
UE CN, RRC UE UTRAN
(RNC) Iu UTRAN CN. , UE
CN.
RRC UE, AAL2 RRC
B, W-CDMA B UE,
(S-RB) RRC.
RRC .
UE, , .
Iu UE, Iu Iu.
NAS UE CN.

. 7 CS

3.2.3
, , RNC.
RRC,
W-CDMA S-RB. Iu
Iu .

. 8 .

3.2.4 ( )

UMTS CN .
USIM UE.
,
(
) UE, .

. 9 ( )

3.2.5
QoS
. QoS UE CN
. CN.
RAB, 3.10.

. 10 CS RAB.

. 11 PS RAB.

3.2.6
,
, CN UE
.
RAB
, DRNC. . RAB
, .

. 12 PS RAB.

Iu. Iu,
.

. 13 CS Iu.

3.2.7 (RAB)
(RAB) (CS) (PS) CN UE.
RAB, Iu CN UTRAN RB
UTRAN (RNC) UE. RAB , QoS.
Iu Iu,
QoS. CS AAL2 MSC UTRAN, PS
AAL5 SGSN UTRAN.
(RB) AAL2 RNC B,
WCDMA B UE.
, RNC .
,
.
RAB UE CN. RAB
UE Cell_FACH Cell_DCH.

. 14 RAB CS

. 15 RAB PS

3.2.8 (RAB)

 (RAB) , , ,
. , ACTIVE,
. RAB
, .
RAB . RAB
, .

. 16 RAB.
PS PDP,
RAB, CN, RAB . RAB UE
Cell_DCH Cell_PCH URA_PCH.

3.3
3.3.1 (Attach)
, UE
. , GPRS UE SGSN,
UE SMS PS, SGSN
PS.
UE CN. UE
GPRS IMSI UE ,
UE.
GPRS UE SGSN,
GPSR/IMSI UE SGSN
() PS, MSC CS.
LU
Attach. IMSI UE LA (
(LAI), USIM),
.
, ,
, .

. 17 GPRS/IMSI LU

3.3.2 (Detach)
Detach UE UE ,
, GPRS / IMSI.
UE, SGSN/MSC.
:

CN

IMSI, UE CS CN
GPRS, UE PS CN
GPRS/IMSI ( UE), UE CS PS

3- , , ..
UE, SGSN HLR.
GPRS/IMSI.

. 18 GPRS/IMSI LU

3.3.3

. 19 LA, RA URA

3.3.3.1 (LU)
(LA) () , UE
LU CS CN.
MM-IDLE LA, LA,
LA,
UE VLR HLR.
LA LA MSC, MSC.
MSC HLR UE.

 LA MSC HLR. LA
LA MSC.

3.3.3.2 (RA)
(RA) , UE
PS CN. RA
LA, RA LA.
UE PMM-IDLE RA, RA, -
RA, UE SGSN GGSN.
RA RA SGSN, SGSN. RA
SGSN, SGSN GGSN HLR UE.
RA SGSN GGSN HLR. RA
RA SGSN.
Gs SGSN MSC, UE, GPRS, IMSI,
RA/LA.

. 20 LA/RAU UMTS

3.3.3.3 UMTS (URA)

 UMTS (URA) , RNC, UE

URA. URA UE UTRAN,
MM RRM, UTRAN.
UE URA, URA, URA,
UE UTRAN. URA
UTRAN.

. 21 UMTS

3.3.3.4
RNC UE .
PS , UE
. UE.
UE ,
PS I.

. 22

3.4 (RRM)
UE UTRAN,
SRNC. UE SRNC DRNS, SRNC
, .

3.4.1
- UTRAN
B .
, , RAB /
.

. 23 .
RNC.
, SRNC ,
RNC. RRC Iur DRNC
B. SRNC
, , SRNC, DRNC.
SRNC.
, UE, ,
, SRNC .

. 24

3.4.1.1
-
B. B ,
. B.

3.4.2
- .
UMTS, UE SRNC CN, .. RNC
Iur. , UE (RAT)
, , GSM UMTS.
.

RAT RAT.

3.4.2.1 RAT
RAT , ,
UTRAN. ,

 TDD
( ) FDD ( )
.. SRNC .
SRNC CN, , ,
Iu. (SRNS)
SRNC.

. 25 / SRNS RAU.
,
Iu.
, SRNC ,
RNS. Iu RNS
CN. , UE ,
Iu .

. 26 SRNS.

3.4.2.2 RAT
(RAN). CS
GSM UMTS UMTS GSM, PS - GPRS UMTS UMTS GPRS.
PS , .

3.4.2.2.1 UMTS GSM

. 27 UMTS GSM.
UTRAN UMTS GSM,
, UE.

SRNC RELOCATION REQUIRED ( ) MSC

MSC HANDOVER REQUEST BSS GSM.
BSS GSM HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE (
),
MSC RELOCATION COMMAND ( ) SRNC, UE
GSM
BSS GSM HANDOVER DETECT ( ) , UE

UE , , BSS GSM HANDOVER COMPLETE
( ) MSC, Iu

3.4.2.2.2 UMTS GPRS

. 28 UMTS GPRS.

UE :

UE UTRAN, BSS GSM/GPRS

UTRAN
ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST ( ) SGSN
SGSN SRNS CONTEXT REQUEST ( SRNS), ,
SRNC
SRNC SRNS CONTEXT RESPONSE ( ),

GSM/GPRS, SGSN SRNC

SRNS FORWARD DATA COMMAND ( SRNS)
SRNC Iu
SGSN ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT (
) COMPLETE ()

3.4.3
UMTS UE . FDD
. ()
UE UE, UE
, B UE.
FDD:
UE , UE
, /
(SIR). SIR / (C/I). UE ,
SIR
, UE . B UE
SIR, .

3.4.3.1
, UE
(Pout). B UE
SIR B. B Pout SIR.
, Pout B.

3.4.3.2
SIR,

, QoS .

3.4.3.2

, SIR
SIR. B UE
. ,
(TPC) ( ) 1500 ,
- , - (multi-path fading).

3.5 CS:
(MT)
, 3.29, UE , IMSI
MM-IDLE. UE
CS MSC.
UE CS MSC,
RAB.
() RAB CS .

. 29 CS: .

3.6 PS: MT
()
PS IMSI PS PMM-IDLE.
SGSN PDU RRC,
II UTRAN UE.
UE , PS SGSN,
PDP RAB
PDP. PDP
RAB.
UE PS PS.

. 30 PS: MT ().

: UMTS

4.1
.
, - ,
, .

. ,
( , ),
/, .
UMTS , 2G.
:

( )


UMTS , :

, , "
"
""

CN BSS ( 2G). UE CN
(IMEI) - IMEI
2G
UMTS 3GPP ,
. -
( ). -
(, ) .

 3G, 4.

. 60 4-
.
:

(I): ,
3G, () . I:
o
IMSI
o

o

(II): ,
, . II:
o

(III): , UE.
III:
o
-USIM (, PIN-)
(IV): ,
. IV:
o
USIM
(V): , ,

UMTS CS PS
GSM/GPRS - () , .
(CK), ,

.

4.2
4.2.1 (UTRAN)
UTRAN , UE RNC.
MAC, RLC . CN RAN CK,
CN UE. RNC .

4.2.2 (CN)
R99 (UTRAN).
CN. : MAPsec IPsec. MAPsec,
4, ,
(), .. MAP. IPsec, 5, ,
, .. IP.
- (KAC)
(SEG) - (.
4.2).

. 61 .

4.2.2.1 IPsec
UMTS ,
. SEG. SEG
SEG .
SEG .
UMTS ,
, SEG Gi IP.
UMTS (NDS) SEG
(IKE). IKE - ,
(SA) ,
. SA IPsec IKE. SA ,
, SA SA.
NDS UMTS IPsec
(ESP), SA . NDS
, /
anti-replay ( ).
NDS/IP :

()

4.2.2.2 MAPsec
MAPsec MAP .
MAP. MAPsec
.
, SA MAP. SA
, , .., MAP.
MAPSA .
SA PLMN ,
MAP PLMN.
( SA) 4- .
(. 3GPP TS 33.200 A).
MAPsec :

0:
1: ,
2: , ()

: (QoS)

5.1

IP- , -
,
. IP
QoS.

IP
IP,
. IP - ,
QoS. QoS ,
.
,
. ,
. QoS

IP . IP-
QoS , ,
.

. 62 QoS.
QoS QoS
IP.

5.2 (QoS)?
IP- . QoS
. QoS?
QoS ,
, , , IETF RFC 1224, RFC 2212 RFC 2544 IP.
, , ,
.
:

, ..
, .. ,
:

(RTT), ..

, (latency)

:

( )
24/7

 , QoS
.

.

5.3 QoS
QoS ,
. QoS ,
IP-,
. 5.1,
QoS:

QoS
QoS
QoS ()
QoS ,
. ()
, .
(, ), UTRAN ,
.
. QoS
.
IP ( Gi GPRS/UMTS).
IP ( IP) QoS
, QoS .

5.3.1 QoS UMTS

QoS UMTS, QoS,
. QoS
, .
.
, ,
, 5.2:
(TE)/ (MT), UMTS , , .
, /
, , .
, , (, ATM IP).
, UMTS QoS, RAB CN,
IP/ATM .
, ,
PDP, 3.6, CN RAB
. UMTS
, . ,
, , ,
.

. 63 QoS UMTS.
RAB RB Iu. RB
QoS
PDP .

QoS .
QoS

, /
,
,
, ?
SDU .
(SDU)

SDU
SDU
SDU
, UTRAN
,

SDU
, SDU

( )

SDU.

/
( )

Iu
UTRAN CN. IP ATM
QoS Iu. Iu, IP,
, IETF. ATM-SVC
, IP
. QoS UMTS
Diffserv.
CN UMTS,
UMTS. , ,
QoS IP QoS ATM. IP
, IETF. ATM-SVC
, IP
. QoS
UMTS Diffserv.

5.3.2 QoS UMTS

 ,
RAB : , , .
.
- , - , web - , - .

QoS.

. 64 , QoS.
,
. , ,
.
QoS, .

QoS UMTS

()

,
)

()

()

Web-

(/)

SDU
()

SDU

SDU
BER

< 2 0481 2

< 2 0481 2

< 2 048 2

/
<= 1500 15024

/
<= 1500 15024

/
/
<= 1500 15024 <= 1500
15024

//-6

//-6

5x10-2, 10-2, 5x10-3, 10-3,

10-4, 10-6

SDU

()

10-2, 7x10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5

5x10-2, 10-2, 5x10-3, 10-3, 10- 5x10-2, 10-2, 5x10-3, 5x10-2, 10-2,
4
, 10-6
10-3, 10-4, 10-6
5x10-3, 10-3, 104
, 10-6
-2
-3
-3
-4
-5
-2
-3
-3
10 , 7x10 , 10 , 10 , 10
10 , 7x10 , 10 , 10-2, 7x10-3, 103
10-4, 10-5 7
, 10-4, 10-5 7
250

100

//-6

< 2 048 2 3

//-6


< 2 0481 2

(/)

1, 2, 38
/

< 2 0481 2
1, 2, 38
1, 2, 38

1, 2, 38

1, 2, 38

- 2048 / UTRAN - RLC,

2-
2

- . UMTS
, -
, , .
- S1, N1, N3 R2
3

- 2-
RLC
4

- PDP=PPP SDU 1,502 .

SDU = 1,500
5

- SDU, UTRAN -
RLC, RAN WG3
6

- SDU '', MT/TE UMTS -

. CN -
UMTS R99
7

- CRC 8, 16 24 1-

- S1, N1 N3

: UMTS
-,
UMTS. - - .
- -
.
-
. -,
,
.

. 65 -
.
,
. - ,
- .
, .
UMTS :

-

/
, ,

.
:

QoS

UE

NetTest UMTS
UMTS.

6.1

. 66 , NetTest
.
InterQuest Probe:

Impact:

Compass:

QoS

6.1.1 InterQuest
InterQuest - () ,

.
InterQuest
E1, DS1 OC3, , Compass
Impact, ,
.
, - Compass
Impact, .
InterQuest ,
. LAN , -
. .
, , .

. 67 InterQuest - ,
, .

6.1.2 Impact
UMTS. Impact
:

QoS

. 68 Impact QoS SMS.

6.1.3 Compass
Compass
.

Compass - -
:

QoS

. 69 Compass -
.

6.2

. 70 MasterQuest - , GSM
GPRS, . MasterQest UMTS
.
MasterQuest UMTS:

UMTS

6.2.1 MasterQuest
MasterQuest - NetTest - .
MasterQuest - , -,
. - ,
, .
, - LAN/WAN.
, .
- , , MasterQuest, -
.
MasterQuest UMTS - :

MasterQuest
.

. 71 MasterQuest -
.

:
1G

2.5G

2G

3G

3GPP

3GPP-2 , 2
AAL2
ATM, 2
AAL5
ATM, 5
AH

ALCAP

AN

API

APN

ARIB
()
ATM

AuC

BCF

BG
. , ( )
-PLMN . BG PLMN
BICC

BSC

BSS

BSSAP+ + SGSN MSC/VLR
BSSGP
GPRS . SGSN BSS
BTS

BVCI
BSSGP
CAP
CAMEL
CC

CCF

CDMA

CDMA0 CDMA, UMTS
200
CEPT

CGI

C/I
, SIR
CK

CM

CN

CRNC
CS
CSCF
CS-MGW
CWTS
DRNC
EDGE
EGPRS
EIR
ESP
ETSI
FDD
GEA
GERAN
GGSN
GMLC
GMM/SM

GMSC
GPRS
GPRSCSI
GPRSSSF
GSIM
GSM
GSM
1800
GSM
1900
GSM 900
GSM-SCF
GSN
GTP

(RNC)




(RNC)
/GSM
GPRS




GPRS
GSM/EDGE
GPRS

GPRS. MS SGSN,
/ - GPRS, /
PDP ..
MSC

CAMEL GPRS
GPRS
GSM
. :
(Groupe Special Mobile)
GSM, 1800
GSM, 1900 ( )

GSM, 900
GSM
GPRS
GPRS. UTRAN SGSN SGSN GGSN
- GPRS
GTP-C
GPRS
GTP-U
GPRS
HE

HLR

HSCSD

HSS

HTML

HTTP

IAM

ICMP

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IETF

IK

IKE

IM
IP-
IMEI

IM-MGW IM
IMS
IP- (IM)
IMSI

IN

IP

IPsec
IP
IPv4
4-
IPv6
6-
IPX

IS-95

ISDN

ISP
()
ISUP
ISDN
ITU-T
, (-)

Iu
Iub
Iur
IWU
KAC
KSI
L2TP
LA
LAI
LAN
LLC
LMU
LU
M3UA
MAC
MAP
MAPsec
MBMS
ME
MEGACO
MGC
MGCF
MGW
MIP
MM
MMS
MMSE
MRFC
MRFP
MS
MSC
MSC-S
MT
MTP2
MTP3
MTP3b
NAS
NBAP
NDS
NDS/IP
NNI
Node B
NS
NSAPI

CMS/SGSN RNC
RNC B
RNC



2-


()
. MS SGSN


MTP3
. ,

MAP
/


, MSC


IP





(GSM/GPRS), UE UMTS

MSC, MGC
, MT TE USIM UE
2-
3-
3b

B

NDS IP

B - "BTS" UMTS
. BSS SGSN
. -,
PDP MS SGSN
NSS
( GPRS SGSN GGSN)
OHG

PCF

PCS1900 - GSM (GSM 1900)
P-CSCF -CSCF
PCU

PDA

PDCH

PDCP

PDN

PDP
(, IP X.25)
PDU

PLMN

PMM

PPF

PPP

PS

P-TMSI
PTP
-
PVC

R99
UMTS 1999

RA
RAB
RAC
RAI
RAN
RANAP
RAT
RAU
RB
Rel-4
Rel-5
RLC
RNC
RNS
RNSAP
RNTI
RRC
RRM
RTP
SA
SCCP
SCTP
SEG
SGSN
SGW
SIM
SIP
SIR
SM
SMS
SM-SC
SMSGMSC
SMSIWMS
SN
SNDC
SNDCP
SN-PDU
SPI
S-RB
SRD
SRNC
SRNS
SS7
SSCFNNI
SSCFUNI
SSCOP
STP
T1
TCAP
TCP
TCP/IP
TDD
TDMA
TE
TEID
TFT
TLLI
TMSI

. , . RA -
LA ( )

UMTS 4
UMTS 5
. MS BSS -
,





. -
UE RNC





GPRS



/, C/I



MSC
C MSC

,
,
SNDCP



(RNC)
(RNS)
7
-
- -


(1.5 /),
T1 - ()


/


. TE MT USIM UE


TLLI. - ,
MS SGSN

TNCP

TOS

TRAU

TTA
()
TTC
()
UDP

UE
(.. UMTS)
UEA
UMTS
UIA
UMTS
UMTS

URA
UTRAN
USIM

USSD

UTRAN

UUS
-
VAS

VHE

VLR

WAP

WCDMA
WML

3GPP TR
(http://www.3gpp.org)

: Web-
- (3GPP)
- 2 (3GPP-2)
3G.IP
- (ARIB)
(CWTS)
(ETSI)
- (GSA)
GSM
(IETF)
IPV6
(MWIF)
T1
(TTA)
(TTC)
UMTS
(UWCC)
(WMF)

21.905:

"

3G"

http://www.3gpp.org
http://www.3gpp2.org
http://www.3gip.org
http://www.arib.or.jp
http://www.cwts.org
http://www.etsi.org
http://www.gsacom.com
http://www.gsmworld.com
http://www.ietf.org
http://www.ipv6forum.com
http://www.mwif.org
http://www.t1.org
http://www.tta.or.kr
http://www.ttc.or.jp
http://www.umts-forum.org
http://www.uwcc.org
http://www.wmmforum.com

( 2+) (GSM); (UMTS);

(3GPP TS 23.002 5)
IP- ( 1), (3GPP TS 22.228)
IP- (IM) - 2 ( 5), (3GPP TS 23.228)
(MMS); ; 2, (3GPP TS 23.140)
(UMTS); UTRAN (3GPP TS 25.401)
Iu- UTRAN: (3GPP TS 25.410)
Iu- UTRAN (3GPP TS 25.412)
(UMTS); RANAP Iu- UTRAN (3GPP TS 25.413)
Iur- UTRAN: (3GPP TS 25.420)
(UMTS); RNSAP Iur- UTRAN (3GPP TS 25.423)
Iub- UTRAN: (3GPP TS 25.430)
(UMTS); NBAP Iub- (3GPP TS 25.433)
(3GPP TS 25.301)
(RRC), (3GPP TS 25.331)
(MAC), (3GPP TS 25.321)
(RLC), (3GPP TS 25.322)
(PDCP), (3GPP TS 25.323)
(SMS) (3G TS 23.040)

ATM B-ISDN (I.361 -)

ATM B-ISDN: AAL 2- (I.363.2 -)
AAL 5- (I.363.5 -)
(GPRS); GPRS (GTP) Gn Gp (3GPP TS
29.060)
(MAP), (3GPP TS 29.002)
(GPRS) - (3GPP TS 23.060)
GPRS (SGSN) - (VLR); Gs
(3GPP TS 29.016)
(GPRS); GPRS (SGSN) - Register
(VLR); 3- Gs (3GPP TS 29.018)
(H.245 -)
(H.248 -)
3G; (3GPP TS 33.102)
3G; ; MAP (3GPP TS
33.200)
3G; ; IP (3GPP TS
33.210)
3G; 3- (3GPP TR 33.900)