Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this opportunity to thank the Lord Almighty for his immense blessing towards the successful completion of our mini project. We would also like to extend our deepest gratitude to thank Dr. Somi Sebastian, Principal, Sree Buddha College of Engineering. We would also like to thank Ms. R. Ramya, Head of the Department, Electronics and Communication Engineering. We would also like to thank our guide, Mr. Vishnu V.S, Asst. Professor in Electronics and Communication Engineering and Ms. Sangeetha T.R, project coordinator for their valuable suggestions and guidance during the various stages of this mini project. We would also like to thank all the other members of Electronics and Communication Engineering department, who helped us at various stages for the successful completion of the mini project. Last but not the least we would like to thank all our friends and family members for their whole hearted support and encouragement.

KOSHY MUHAMMED ASHIQUE

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

ABSTRACT

The mini project Microcontroller Based Automatic Periodic Bell uses AT89S52 microcontroller as its brain. This project is very useful in schools, colleges and educational / academic institutions for automation of periodic class bell. This bell rings only at preprogrammed timings. Using the DS1307 Real Time Clock chip, entire the calendar can be programmed into the microcontroller. DS1307 is interfaced to the microcontroller for real timing performance. A 3V battery can be connected to DS1307 to avoid time disturbances caused by power failures. User can program the bell to ring the bell from morning to evening and not to ring in after school hours. Keypad is provided for entering the required timings. This keypad made this project user friendly. A 16X2 LCD display is provided to display the alarm times and current time. Ringing time and bell delay is stored in memory. AT24C08 EEPROM is used as memory. Data stored remains in the memory even after power failure, as the memory ensures reading of the latest saved settings by the micro controller. It can retain data for more than ten years. Bell will ring at the specified time.

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

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Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES NOMENCLATURE 1. 2. INTRODUCTION BLOCK DESCRIPTION
2.1 2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM FUNCTIONS OF BLOCK 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 Microcontroller Real Time Clock Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 LCD Display Keypad Relay Buzzer

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3.

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 3.1.1 3.1.2 Automatic Bell Power Supply

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

Mini Project Report, March 2012 3.2 3.3 3.4 FUNCTIONS OF CIRCUIT OPERATION PCB LAYOUT

Automatic Bell

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4.

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
4.1 4.2 COMPONENT LIST COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 AT89S52 (Micro-controller) DS 1307 (Real Time Clock) AT24C08 (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read-Only Memory) 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 4.2.9 16x2 LCD Display ULN2003 (Driver IC) LM 78xx (Voltage Regulator) Crystal Diode LED (Light Emitting Diode)

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4.2.10 Relay 4.2.11 4x3 Keypad

5.

PCB MANUFACTURING PROCESS

5.1 BOARD TYPES 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.2 Single Sided Boards Double Sided Boards

DESIGN SPECIFICATION 5.2.1 PCB Designing

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

Mini Project Report, March 2012 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 Layout Design Etching Process Component Assembly Soldering

Automatic Bell

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6.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES APPENDIX APPENDIX A. B. SOURCE CODE DATASHEET

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NO. 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11

NAME OF FIGURE Block diagram of automatic bell Circuit diagram of automatic bell Circuit diagram of power supply PCB layout of automatic bell Diagram of AT89S52 Diagram of DS1307 Diagram of AT24C08 Diagram of LCD Diagram of ULN2003 Diagram of LM78xx Diagram of Crystal Diagram of Diode Diagram of LED Diagram of Relay Diagram of 4x3 Keypad

PAGE NO. 03 05 06 08 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 18 19 19

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Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO.

NAME OF TABLE

PAGE NO.

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

List of components used in automatic bell Pin description of AT89S52 Pin description of DS1307 Pin description of AT24C08 Pin description of 16*2 LCD Pin description of ULN2003

09 11 12 13 14 16

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

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Mini Project Report, March 2012

Automatic Bell

NOMENCLATURE

AC CMOS CPU DC EEPROM

: : : : :

ALTERNATING CURRENT COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUTOR CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE AND PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY

GND LCD LED PCB RAM ROM RTC SRAM VCC

: : : : : : : : :

GROUND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY LIGHT EMITTING DIODE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY READ ONLY MEMORY REAL TIME CLOCK STATIC RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY POWER SUPPLY

Dept. of ECE, SBCE

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