Rock Blasting Terms and Symbols A dictionary of symbols and terminology in rock blasting and related areas like drilling, mining and rock mechanics Editorin-Chief AGNE RUSTAN Division of Miring Engineering, Luled University of Technology Luled, Sweden A.A.BALKEMA/ROTTERDAM/BROOKFIELD/ 1998ROCK BLASTING TERMS AND SYMBOLS“Tis volume is compiled by a group of expen in cooeratin withthe Intemational Society for Rock “Mechanic” Commission on Fragmentation by Shsting Fron coverillsates the /ragmentation throw and angle of breakage aftr lastly tes with one single hoe ihe ingle hoe bling method) in lors limestone quatTy on Golnd, Sweden in 1986 “he lmwstone ha tensile stergth of ~8 MP3 anda high acute impedance of 162 x 10° ken" ‘Only one joint set was fund and twas almost vec. The horizontal being planes ineloded some soft clay lsyers. Te Basho ameter was 9 mm, andthe charge consisted of 33k of Nitro Nobel Dynamexas boom etarge (no subdeiling) pd 5 kgof ANFO as colurm charge. The lasted burden was 107m (sof the critcal burden). R meee 299 Rad 92 cl ‘Asstarzation to photocopy tems fr intemal persona! we or he ncemal or personal we of specific Clients is granted by A.A. Balkema, Roverdam, provided that he base fee of USSI.S0 per copy. pls 'USSO.i0 per page is paid direct to Copyright Clearance Center. 222 Rosewood Dave, Danvers MA 01925, USA. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license By CCC. 8 separate system of payment has been amanged. The Te code for users ofthe Transactional Reponing Service is 90 5410 441 4/98 USS 50+ USSO 10 Published by ‘A.A.Balkema, PO, Box 1675, 3000 BR Roterdam, Netherlands Fax 31.10.4135987; E-mail balkema@ balers Intere! site: hipi#wwaralkema nt [A.A Balkema Publishers, Old Poet Road, Brookfield, 05036-9708, USA Fox: 802.276.3837: E-mail: info@sshgatecom ISBN oO ss104416 ©1998 A.A. Balema,Rowerdam Printed in the Netherlands Contents Associate editors Introduction Terminology list Noes forthe user List of symbols and abbreviations ‘Symbols Greek symbols ‘Acronyms, abbreviations and shortened forms References aff vit