Mapping rice areas with radar remote sensing a case study for Leyte, Philippines

IRRI SSD seminar

Roman Skorzus, GIZ PH / IRRI
Los Banos November 14th 2012
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REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

Outline

1 RIICE project introduction 2 Rice Mapping with Radar Remote Sensing

1 2 Methods Validation

3 Interview Survey in Leyte 4 Recommendations for RIICE

REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

Project introdution

Rice is the most important staple food of the world

70% of the poor people live in Asia Rice covers up to of the daily calories Consumption up to 200 kg/capita/year rice Growing population vs economic growth Small scale rice farmers (<1 ha) High enviromental risks

Source: MACLEAN 2002, RIBBES; LE TOAN 1998

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Farmers risks

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Why rice monitoring? Yield prediction, food security Social security Water/irrigation management Greenhouse gas emissions Risk management

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REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING

ECONOMIES

Duration: 2012-2015 Funding by the SDC Research and Development by IRRI and sarmap Management by GIZ and Allianz Re

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Project partner

Sentinel based data and maps

LAI and yield modelling (ORYZA2K)

(re)Insurance developement, distribution and implementation

Key donor and knowledge management

REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

Project goals

Developing microinsurances for 5 Mio. rice farmers in:

India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines

Yield information based on remote sensing and modelling (Sentinel 1 a/b, bridged by ENVISAT, PALSAR, CSK) Faster reaction for insurance related events and pay out, prevent poverty due to loss of yield

REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

New insurance scheme

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How the insurance (will) work?

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Based on the Area Based Yield Insurance (ARBY)

80 % trigger Average yield of a 20 years time series Based on national irrigation system (NIS)

Lost: 25 % 40 10 PAYOUT for 20% PAYOUT for 5 % NO PAYOUT

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Rice Mapping with Radar Remote Sensing

REMOTE SENSING-BASED INFORMATION AND INSURANCE FOR CROPS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES

The Goal

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Mapping rice areas in Leyte (study site) Deriving farming dates from satellite data Validating the map and check the accuracy

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Rice season

2 rice seasons: Dry: November - April Wet: May - October

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Soaking & transplanting

tillering

flowering

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Own photograph on June 16th 2012

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Own photograph on June 22th 2012

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Own photograph on June 6th 2012

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Own photograph on June 14th 2012

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Own photograph on August 1st 2012

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What is remote sensing?

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Remote sensing devices (satellites or airplanes) are measuring the reflectance of electromagnetic energy
From the sun From radar

With remote sensing you can see the surface of the earth (e.g. vegetation, soil, water)

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Optical remote sensing

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Optical remote sensing

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Radar remote sensing

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How is radar remote sensing working?

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What the satellite is seeing.

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How is radar remote sensing working?

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What the satellite is seeing.

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How is radar remote sensing working?

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What the satellite is seeing.

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How is radar remote sensing working?

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Radar backscatter

time

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June 12

July 12

Sept 12

Oct 12

Before land preparation

Fields soaked with water

Vegetative stage

Harvested

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Results
Ground Truth Rice Not Rice 161 34 29 121 190 155

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Classification Rice Not Rice

195 150

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Accuracy: 81.7 % Other land cover: herbacious (38), forest (33), coconut (27), village (21), grassland (12), street (12),

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Interview Survey for Rice Farmers in Leyte

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The Goal

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Collecting information about the 2011 ARBY farmers

Location Farming practices
Dates Seeds, chemicals, fertilizer

Personal information
Age, income, farming experience

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Methods

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GPS tagging of the location Questionaire for the interviews

Translator for Visayan, Tagalog and Cebuano

Support by the municipality agriculture officers (MAO) and land govermental units (LGU) 35 farmers have been interviewed

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Age
Municipality Number of farmers Barugo Hindang Ormoc San Miguel Total Avg age in years Avg years of farming experience 50,25 25,75 58,82 22,27 57,37 36,53 39,00 1,00 56,49 29,80

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4 11 19 1 35

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Yield (ws 2011) April - November

Municipality Number of farmers Barugo Hindang Ormoc San Miguel Total Avg yield in cavan/ha 4 11 19 1 35 67.50 73.00 67.68 40.00 68.54 Avg kg/cavan Avg yield in kg 43.50 2,930 45.00 3,304 48.05 3,203 49.00 1,960 46.60 3,168

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Yield (ds 2011) November - March

Municipality Number of farmers Barugo Hindang Ormoc San Miguel Total Avg yield in Avg kg/cavan Avg yield in cavan/ha kg 72.50 43.50 3,155 79.09 45.05 3,615 79.03 47.16 3,691 40.00 44.00 1,760 77.19 45.99 3,550

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4 11 19 1 35

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Seeds, irrigation and chemicals

used irrigation
yes No as needed

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used used used used insecticide fungicide herbicide pesticide 33 24 18 21 16

1 2 7 6 9 6 7 11 7

Total

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33

33

34

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rice variety Count hybrid 10 inbred 32 Total 42

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Pest and disease

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All farmers are experiencing pest and disease

Stem borer Leaf borer Rats, snails, bugs, beetles Virus infections

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Stem borer
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Rice bugs and beetles

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Observations

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(ARBY) farmers are well embedded within the barangays No concerted farming, use of seeds, chemicals, fertilizer No recording of important informations (e.g. yield, income, inputs/outputs) Very heterogenious Other income sources (e.g. barangay or pigery) Still interested in insurances

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Recommendations for RIICE

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Increasing the number or insured farmers

Word-of-mouth-propaganda Advertising in the field In general new marketing forms (flyer, manuals, etc.)

Building a database of farmers Management of farmers in barangay level

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Salamat sa inyong pakikinig! Thank you for listening! Danke frs Zuhren!