:

()

q J
C dK zOG{ Me o
adG
djh .IdGh
MdG H q q dG SG
E UG
q
q
C
zQNG
LdG{ e g
q
s G c EGh ,Y``VG e k ``SGh fL
k OG MdG
(2)
C
g ``G
dG
RGM
G
``H

h
G
``G
``
j
h
;
z
QG``VG
``LdG{h
E
q
q
o
q
(3)
q J) dG HdG

``HG Vjh
. jq ``G edGh q Oq G G a dG eq CG ,I``G
q
q
q G k
,aG
e j S e d
p (1240;.`g638
q
q eo ,IQGZh H G d
C
d edG
q G LEG bQdG g hMG ``S .Gg ej EG ``SdGh q Gh
.HdG
H edG jhD dG QWEG G k V ,QGVG
LdG dJ
q
q

dG] z``dG{
``SG
``fq CG Y a``dG
dJ EG ``jo ``e ``dZ
q
E Y hN
l
k
q
Lh HdG
HG jdG fi Gh
,eS
G
E SGQdG MdG g
q
q CG e William Chittick J dh (1)
q
q
C jQh :HdG
C
q ;AfG
bh .aQdG cEG :GQU e
HG
;
jdG

dG
d

eh
HdG
HG
:G GY :JHc e .ehdG
jdG
q
q
q
q
q
.LG .adG
Ud
dGh
LdG
e
c
O
Y
dh
,
j
f
G

j
OdG
dG
LJ
E
l
E
q
q
q
q MdG ,HdG HG ,fG (2)
.223 dG ,ddG AG ,(jQJ hO ,QOU QGO :hH) q G
q
,fG ,SG
E qjOG ddG M eY
q Id (3)
William Chittick, Eschatology, in S.H. Nasr, Islamic Spirituality: Foundations, ed. [vol. 19 of World
Spirituality: An Encyclopedic History of the Religious Quest] (New York: Crossroad, 1987), pp. 378-409.

,fG ,ehdG
dd
q
Chittick, Rms View of Death, Alsert, XIII, 2 (1987), 30-51.

,fG .jq OG n oo f MdG SdG Y H dG OGh G e H

HG FY fOhJ
q
x HdG
q
Mull Sadr, The Wisdom of the Throne, tr. J.W. Morris (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981).

,fG ,qjdG jhC d VY

e n nN EGh ,G Y OG e
m
q SGQdh
J.I. Smith and Y.Y. Haddad, The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection (Albany: SUNY
Press, 1981).

- | :

C Y
C ,J IdG ``g qCG ``H ,]orthodox
,zdG{ IO m``eG Y ,ZG
q G
jC J EG `` q dG a ,q C ``G ``dG
eq CG .IQ``cG ddG e`` ``Lh
m
q
Hd ``aG HdG{ ``N
a ,jNBGh ,Stephen Katz ``Jc ``S ``MhWCG
q
q dG da ;(4)zadG
,gj
G

n C J H ,IdG n g j eS
E dd UG
q
q
q
C
C
jq OMG q Gh AdG GJ e ej
E G a
n EGh
q jdG dhG Y d
n Od HdG
HdG
Ha ,``MG ``S Yh .n Wh
HG ``MhT g .``dG
o
q
q
CG
q
fh ,dG n F```dG
c
,
j
dG

``G
H
aQ
Y
j
e
H
q
o
C d ``G GGh ,aGS
q qCG Y
c
G
E Q``dG
q jo g H ,edG j YG
q
n
jhC dG{ ``N e ,FdG g U
hj ``e
,ReQh GR fq CG Y ,(5)zdG
q
B U EG Yj S
jG
HG ij h .fEG fh FcP Oa Y j q EG
k HdG
q
C
jad
p ck pQe AG GO ``e ;d
q Y m``nn f e ``j jhC J hCG ,jOMGh
o
C YVGh ,fq BGdG LdedGh
a
G
n ,IQcG WG dEG J dG Ldf
q
.dG aG
d GO
m e
q
;dC d e qjCG jn H ,jdGh dG ,edG
MUG e Ik OYh
q
,eS
G
q Gh AdG U a .IMG G a dC e
n
E d q dG dG
q
,fG (4)
S. Katz, ed., Mysticism and Religious Traditions (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983).

.dG Gg T Qe fBG c dG dG dch

f e cCG OLd YGh q c e GPEG dP V h ,adG
jhGdG M jhC dG e ,hNBGh ,HQc g L (5)
q
HG j dG dG jdH g d CG e
c
AGS
dEG UG hu D G dG dG
qCGh ,jhC dG e
n
k
,qY jh
.
a``dG
e
Zh ,HdG
m C J eCG ``a ,JjZ Fj jhC J jj e b ``f
v Qf CG Oh
q
q
q
C
f jhC H oa{ ,ehdG
d
j
,jh

dG
Y
dH
.
adG
``aj
dG
dG
e
GdG
Y
Qe
,qGOa
q
q
C
MTh LJ ,e
,ehdG
jdG L fe , oJLh] zVjdG ``J h ,fCG ``TGh ,jq dG jOMG
q
q
C G) ``T b``SdG gGHEG d bh
eq CG .]LG .3759 dG ,333 ``dG ,1 AG ,(1996 ,ad YG
q
C ehdG fQe M) eN dG e S IK iS a ,BGd FG jhC dG
;ShH BGd IKG
q
Arberry, Discourses of Rm [London: John Murray, 1961], pp. 236-37; W. Chittick, The Sf Path
of Love [Albani: SUNY Press, 1983], p. 273.

.d
M
E dG q EG bJ qfCGh ,ff Ich gP On a Qj CG ,BGdG HQe id ,AG Y qC H aG
q
q CG d
q G
B
B
n
b``J
CG dG a
.(282
j
G
,IdG
IQ``S)
{

}
:j
G
O
O
j
e
G
c
``HdG
``HG ch

o
k q
zdhq CG EG AdG Oq Q{ G
G
IQ``dG
``J
j
e ,dG
q jhC dG ,RjE H .fG
E N o hq CG c pn pn H dG d
E
q
,UG OQH FdG G Y j ,G e G QdG ,fG
n dG
Vp
o j
q
E dG qEG H ,G
q
.{ } dG
q e G OGe
q PEG
- | :

q f
o
,Ggh .jdG GSGh
,Nh G H J c
o ,JjOq D e Y ,Z H
GOG g qE a ,ech ,bSh ,Lhh ,G j Y k T ,jG hCG ,BGdG n cn Pn e GPE a
n Yhe{ VCG b jq dG FG qEG f CG ``f b ;jJ
jo hq D J
n ``
o
C
jh
HG eq CG .q q dH zdemythologized I``SG
q C dG OG qCG jv b j ``a ,HdG
q
C BGdH SGh
.IMG jOMGh
,bGdG H L
m
m Y J q EG ,IQcG
``dGh dGh AG``SGh hdGh AH Aa dG Y dO e H dG AL K
c H AL K KG ``U e g QNG ``U ajh Qb eh dGh dGh
B ,iQdG IQS] A``T
e dG Y j c dSG a ``dG g K e ]11 jG
.(6)(26 ,319 :2 AG) Hc dG G dh f Y WCG

aG
qbdG H Y FdG G LhCG iMEG OG HdG
HG dJ q h ,Gg
q
q
.a VJ CG FdG e j j dG q dG dG g Ggh ;IMG d

eh .(7)eS
G
G q g
E dGh ``dG
q
q CG H ,hNBGh ,HQc g b
q
Md G
dG RGMEG ``j ,HdG
HG j ,dG G QhO GQOEG hO
q
q
q ,jq OLdG G Je j e ;eS
k CG aG e d M
,312 :2 AG) U
G
E
q
n
q CG b q Mh .(]LG cPo M aH
G
HdG
HG Xj
``dG
q ``LCG ] 2
q
q
e Gq dG cCGh ,q g
G
E ddG jhC J
q CG EG Q``TCG b ``S HG c ,OG e``S
q
C QdG
q HdG
d cG
j
HG qCG q EG .(8)H JC j dG jq dG G ASG
n
q
.G H e Hd G
dG d e Ue Il GOCG g
q
dG g OGa ,coJ EG eq CG .dG edG QcG MdG f
E ,OdG b zAG{ c cPCG eY (6)
q Y dMa
C .1972 Y IgdG QUh j Y qM dG
.Yp
k J QdG bQCGh d g ,AG H bQG
:qjQG HQc SGQO fG (7)
Creative Imagination in the Sfism of Ibn Arab (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969).

:Hc j
k CGh
Spiritual Body and Celestial Earth (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977).

,fG (8)
W. Chittick, Eschatology, op. cit.; F. Rahman, Dream, Imagination, and lam al-mithl, in G.E.
von Grunebaum and R. Caillois, eds., The Dream and Human Societies (Berkeley: University of Cali-fornia Press, 1966), pp. 409-19.

- | :

CG m M Y G IOa
cp ``S
C J QhO d Ld
p ``HEGh Ldf
q
q
q
C cG
C ndG
n
gJ ,]G] ``SG M``U ,gdG
G fc EGh ,``UGh
q
q .e ``H
IQH ;G
W
m
n o o W G F``N dG j e RHCG dh
,304 :1 AG) ze h e h h he h OLe { fq E a ,HdG
``HG
q
m M ``Y m HdG
HG ``fOhjh
J CG) imaginal dN
q .(11 ,408 :4 ;23
q
q
fq CG ,G Y EG
AG gj dG Io QdG gh ,(flo ,imaginary e
q
AG) zLH JQU QOCG e fCG b jh LH JQU QOCG fG b j{ a ;IBGG
.(12 ,408 :4 ;24 ,304 :1
CG
jo Gdh .c e FN e ,
q ``Gh
q MhdG H G j ,Ldf
v
(9)
t ,q G
o
dG G
eCG{`c
m
q dG ,eCG eh . zjeCG H Ua
s jo h ,RdG Y
n G QYH q EG ``JGH Lj fq CG q EG ,o Gf ``M a ;q X Y ``dG Qf
n ``j
,
q G dG Y ,dG hCG ,
q MhdG n dG G j ,Ggh .H j dG
,G Y Jj
Vh e IOG
``FN qac jh ;O``dG hCG
q
o ch .NRdG
q
C Hh ,JMhh W``Hh bGTEGh gO
C H ,cG
C dG
``LG
q GhQG
C dG ,fq E a ,Jch cJh
t X
fGG
r
H ``SG
q
n s dG g``jo ,``UG
q
B ,pG IQS) ff
IQS ;29 jG
hdGh ``G
E G G f dG OG
q G
q
(10)
B ,U
. (72 jG
o eq CG
hCG ,fG
(MhJ) MhQh ,GOG
`` a ,H UG
,G a
q
q
q
q qCG ,NRdG
OdG hCG ,O``dG EG dG QOj e c
be ``e a .J
q
FG qE a ,Ggh .G ``j CG ;imaginalized
s jo CG ,k hq CG ,a ``dG EG
.
QU fd
q
E iJ
q n q G
q JQU MdG NC j CG bh ,dN
q
s jo fq E a dG
C gj dG jhD dG qE ``a ,K ``Hh
l q bh ;G Y `` ,fMhd
,AdhG
m
q
C M EG d G J
q
Gh IOG
GhQG
CG J dG g ,a ,e
q
q dG G ,G O``S ,LGQ .(6 ,407 :4) 16 ,304 :1 AG (9)
EG 191 ``dG ,(1981 ,dfO :hH)
.196
C cG
C dG e c
C
q
,fG ,HdG
HG
HJ
b
G
j
ch
,U
Gh
S

,d

j
OLdG
JG
Y (10)
q
q
W. Chittick, The Five Divine Presences: From al-Qnaw to al-Qaysar, The Muslim World, LXXII
(1982), 107-28.

- | :

.dG
C q EG ,TG dG Y ,G M e d M
q a SdG ZCG eq CG
,PEG .MG
G IM Ig`` G GG dG dG G L eh { ,HdG
HG j c
q
(11)
C a . (23 ,198 :3 AG) zG dG ``j NBG Y K G a dG
MG
.(24 ,379 :2 AG) zOq GG Sd G Oq GG Y gj e J G{
C H Hd dG
C jh ,Gg
BGdG MEG IOG
Gh MG
S``SG
q
q
C H h ,MG
C jhC J ]dG Y] ``Sj ge Y
J oJ dG jOMG
.f d
q gG
Y ``V ``jh k Fe Ik Q``U j
``G qCG j ``HdG
``Ha
q OG
q
q
(12)
,zT IQU HQ jCGQ{ ,dG
HG jh
c . G
E HdG
q
q jM EG IQTG
q
g G ``SG Q``U fG e ef FdG Gj e{ ``dH qC
.(3 ,379 :2 AG) zGL j CG fC T e d e j CG M
q ,``Mf e ,``HdG
nY H R``dG EG ``d G IOe Xj
``HG c GPEGh
q
q Ud
gh ,G bGdG c
f``G
q o ``Sj
q ,iNCG e ,fq E a ,fMhdGh
q
q
,j ,UdG e WG H .dGh OLdG H RH
l
```````G M ````gh

`````N ````dG ````EG

````jdG QGSCG R````M

G````g `````j ```dGh

(13)

C ``dG cq D jh .zG i``S e{ c

q CG ,zdG{ RG``J zdG{ ``ch
e hq G
q qCG (zG q EG dEG {) IO``dG
QGH ,d ;zN{ hCG M
Z g G i``S e c
q
C a dG
bGdG
g qE a Y f CG d c e q EGh bGdG
H A``TG
q
q
o
x g ,GPk EG ,G
q .d
dG qCG j ,O``LdG d ,dG ch
``
.G ``e ``oJ
q
Y d ,jdG
Zh ``M
q eq CG ;BG M
o jg ``H dG a ,d``dG e
q
q
.24 ,378 :2 AG ,LGQ (11)
.14 ,311 :2 AG (12)
C
W JLh ``bh] 146 ``dG ,(1946 ,HdG
dG
QGO
:h``H)
Y
dG
H
G
``
,``pn G ``Ua (13)
q
;]LG .159 dG ,(T.`g 1375) GgdG GQfG
Ibn al Arab: The Bezels of Wisdom, tr. R.W.J. Austin (New York: Paulist Press, 1980), p. 197.

- | :

.G
fG jW
q EG ,M dG
u
G jdG j M OLh a IQ``U c QdGh M c dG G Mh
Gg G X GPGh ``G OLdG a G``S e eCGh G G G O``LdG ``a G
db gh ...(14)G OLdG d dG JGH M H G a j e G OLdG
B ,dG IQS] Lh G dG h fc dG UCG dM j fa dg AT c
jG
GP i``S e a dGh jdG d``SG e a G GP i``S e a ...]88
B fdG c j a FGR Xh FM ``N ``G
h f h hQ h H eh INGh
dh GHCG FGO IQU G IQU e J H IMGh dM Y G GP YCG G iS AT
.(15)(12 ,313 :2 AG) Gg G G

q fq C H G f
FGQ gh ,iNCG A``SC H jo fq E a ,zG i``S e{ c
q eYh
q .HdG
q a NC J dG ,zMdG n
bG c
HG dJ He H
o fn { gTCG d
q
e e QhH gj e Ggh .
q fG
E ns dG T dG NC J c ek ,n T
.(16)G j CG zb{ ]f] dG
n jo
q H G c M ,An dH
f G da a Xh AdG b dG QdG i``S A``H OLh M dG dh
MdG f G dh AdG g HdG ga ...GhdG M FGR VY g G M
q G OLdG z``M{ ``J (14)
i``S e{`a .g g edG
OLdG QXEG Y JQb Y EG hCG ,``G
q
q W EG
C
dG
``g

G
;
ge
zG
q dP e fOGe c EG ,``d zM{ e Mh G .zdG{`H j
q ,``M ``e
q
q
q .d aOGe G ,G GH .G JdG
Am T c
;g g M e OLdG g G zM{ ,dH ;jdGh
q
edG
OLdG b e d
fe
G
l t g Y hCG
t gedG
q
E g oJh ;G Qd J
l ,OLd , lJ hCG ,J
q
q
C
.G Y dG eG qfC hCG ,G ``M W f Y J
g
P
G
,GhdG
Y
HK
gh
;z``HdG
``YG{`H
E
q
bY ehe dHh G Y ``e qfCG Y ga AG``S ,H e
q ,A``T g ,G GH ,da
AdG EG ;j Mh a ,Mh G EG j gOLa ,Gg eh .dG e H FdG q fi IOLe hG dH
q PqJG d j OLdG gJ qC hCG ;JbGTEG f
de
,G kHCG ,FH e ,Q``dG c
q OLdG Y ``VJ J q EG
o G
k
,LGQ .GdG hCG ,edG
OLd k aOGe J gY dh ,G zM{ EG zdG{ IOe oJ bh .JGP
q
W. Chittick, Sadr al-Dn al-Qnaw on the Oneness of Being, International Philosophical Quarterly,
XXI (1981), 171-84; W. Chittick and P.L. Wilson, Fakhruddin Iraqi: Divine Flashes (New York:
Paulist Press, 1982), pp. 3-17.

CG .G e Ggh ,M OLh de ge dG{ :104h 103 ``dG ,H``S Q``e ,G Ua ,LGQ (15)
C c GPEGh ...eG
C f ``dc dh G Y QN ``H Fb FGR eCG fCG d ``N
fCG Ya fQb e Y eG
u
.zUN
q G g EG G OLdGh ,N N c OLda .N ]z]fCG d]{] a J cQJ e Lh N
,j
k CG ,fGh
T. Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism (Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1983), p. 7.

,LGQ (16)
W. Chittick, The Words of the All-Merciful, Parabola, VIII, 3 (1983), 18-25.
- | :

G g Q``dG Jh dGRG a VGYG a Q``dG e a X e L ``dGh

.(17)(8 ,443 :3 AG) IBGG e QdG f AdG e fh

,zke{ fH ``Uj ,MdG nn d hCG ,Ad OGc

``jo dG ``Gh
m
qE a ,HG .QdG e Im Q``U q C AYh H j , gedG q dG fd ,PEG

j ``dGh ,zG{`H hGh ,dG OLdG

``G
q MhdG dG H Rc
q
m
q
G ,z``q G G{ AGREG JC j e Ggh ;z``e{ fq C H ``Uj ,f``Gh
q
C
``fGh
q GG ``fd{
E ``UCG-dG
E AdhG LQO EG ``j dG OdG ,z
l
q
e GPEG z``q e{h ,cQJ dG GdG Y ``SG
e e ``e
,GPk EG ,G .(18)edG
,GPk EG .OdG
gdG Y qbJ
q
GhQGh d FGO Hb JGP IM Gh ]G]
G gH gj ``G G
u
.(19)(19 ,311 :2 AG) UH ga

e IM gh{ ,zQN e{ JC j ,cQj fG

E qEG M e ,G Gh
C G ``J jL Q``U GP ``U jOLh
e H LQO a GhQGh
.(19 ,296 :2 AG) zG dP e YG
o ``
q Gh ,
hCG ,
p
q MdG ns dH
q ``Gh ,
q MhdG KdG n G``dG G
o Ljh
.fG FN q jo ,dG Xh OLdG Qf H kNRH fd ,dG ,G G
C G g cG
C dG j ,QhHh
dGh ,Gh ,OLdG dG ``U
q G
CG j``e

m
q G dGh ,OLdG Qf jo
q MhdG da :KK Ldf
q jo
q
G G qCG c ek h .c F``N Y ``a G Y eq CG ,dG X
C RdG{ g G G qE a ,fG
,zcG
Jh fMhdG
GdG H kNRH j
q
q
.(3 ,46 :3 AG) zdG G Lhh OLdG G Lh d{ PEG ,zRGdG RH{ hCG
C ``SdG d Q``j
n
q
q ,edG
iS e c{
G
IFGdG q o :QcG n G
hq G
q
q
C hCG ,ATG
C n dM ``Ua
Y .G gLj CG b dG ,YG
q dG eq CG .zG GP
,fG (17)
H. Corbin, Creative Imagination, op. cit., pp. 184-90.

.gH eh 310 :2 AG ,fG (18)

.4 ,442 :3 AG ,fG (19)

- | :

C qE a ,qbdG Lh
q A``TG
``V j
e ;Mh OLdG PEG ,dG QW GH
k CG J
o
k ehe ``dh ,G c Ik OLe ``d gh ,eMCGh gQKBG g q EG MdG f
C ``c
g dG YCG ``MCG CGh OLdH ``G g G Y { ;``fCG ``YG
OLdG a Ol Le g e .(28 ,107 :3 AG) zH gdG g hCG dG Gg IgdG
C OLdG ``J
jda ,Gh
q F``N YG
q fc GPEGh ;``a
(20)
C ,ehe fq C
OLd f
. edG
q
l ,dH ,fq h
edG
OLdG
q
(GdG ;f G)

C SdG
,e
q mc dG :hq G
zMdG f{

C
GhQG
G G
fG
q

dG
(f dG)

C dG qE a ,``Gh edG
C QhdG N
q Ldf
cG
G e d
G
q
q ah
q
B ,MdG IQ``S) {
B j``J
jG
} ,fq BGdG ``jG

B ``Y gMG j { ,``HdG

:3 AG) zNG
HG j ,zRdG ``dP ``d{ ;(20
q
,
q ``G GPh
q MhdG dG hCG ,dGh OLdG g zG``dG{ G``gh .(26 ,47
B dGe H
.G bdG jG
C dG G G j a ,q G G eq CG
bCG qE a ,fTCG ch .UG
C qCG h .eMCG N e g q G G EG j CG fd
o g MG
N
E e
C dG
:G M
G n dG HdG
HG
q
o s
q jo CG hZ a ,UG
n edG
q
J c a dGh Fd jhD dG QU WdG ``SG e d dG IQ``U CG dG a
AG) z``f G iCGQ a Z FGdG GMCG jhD dG Q``U CG c Z a dGMCG Q``dG
,dch ;a IQcG QOGh 14 edG ,fG (20)
T. Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, pp. 160-61.

- | :

.(21)(4 ,380 :2

q ,``f
fE a{ :zG i``S e{ c
edG
G
q
l
o dG g PEG ,jf e EG ``ST
CG ,dG
t i``e q M .(3 ,311 :2 AG) zGOLG cCGh FdG ``ShCG
C e H
C c
q o n jn G qE a ,Gh q G d``TCG
EG Im QTEG h .AfG
m ATG
q
HG ij ,G F`` ``UH
LGe idh ,fdG
jd
jdG
m
q
q ihD dG
d{ .G j ,e m M
q d``d ,zoG Va{ Y JQb q M qCG HdG
q
C
C
fq G dGh] 20 ,312 :2 AG) zVjo G U e e IM OLdG G j
.(]LG 10 dG
H j fG dPh e ShCG GcG e AT ``dG jZ dG Gg ``S CG Ya
jh eGh LGdGh Gh G dG Qjh
AH d e Yh A``T c Y
q
.(1 ,417 :4 ;6 ,306 :1 AG) GOLh dGh eY OLdG

b e PEG nZfo CG j a ,zGP h GP { g ,JGH ,G qCG S b fdh

.dc M
x HCG EG l V
q g H ,a gj k ST d G qEG d
Lh a``VGh ``dGh jGh ``G QeG e GeCG j CG G ``Sh d fa
Oj fE a ...dP M J IQU Z e ``T Qj CG GQ dh IQ``dH G JGPh G
Y H j dG dG dG g eh eG ShCG a ...``UCG OGG Y G
d IQ``U dG ia JGP g c OGG ``Y IO G j CG Y ``b A``T c
Yh S IQU BGdG ijh Yh b IQU ``SG ijh D dD dh Nh ``Y hCG
SGdG a Qf IQ``U h ``fG IQ``U G ijh b IQ``U ]n jr dG]
s jdG ijh
.(3 ,418 :4 ;13 ,306 :1 AG) WG Y SGh Gh dG

,QdG HGYh ,edG j GgCGh ,G H e I jh``H ,q ``dGh ,BGdG fOhj
q
q
dG AH Y gQGUEG Y ,``G ``SdG qE a ,q Y ``H,
.q G Geh
m
ZQ aG
Y ``q G U
m
q ``e GL ,NBG hCG ``H
q CG M ,GRk MdG f
q
B jhC J IQhV GhLh H e jdG qCG
.Nh G H z``dG{`H MJ dG jG
,LGQ .9 dG UHh
,HdG
HG Ua G
q
q YVG e g ,(Y dG) jhC J j M
l dG qCG (21)
q
T. Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, op. cit., ch. 1; H. Corbin, Creative Imagination, op. cit., p. 242.

- | :

q Gq dG Hq bh
q ,GU Y ,k e ,q Gh ``SdG qCG
GNCG EGh ,jW Y c
C Yh G qCG EG Q``TCG bh .jq On `dG
b MG
n G Re `` Y ``dG
q Gq dG HdG
.c H
,dP
HG Hj .(22)d J fGOhj
m
q
q
Me g CG ,OG
H zRdG{ OLd ``VGh
S
q
k
k C J q ``dG fq EG
B qE a ,jG
} jG
IQS) {

q ``Hh ;edGh G H
B ,``eD G
G H HdG G``g Y ``jh .QcG RdG EG Il Q``TEG g (100 jG
Nq C G GQOG
,dG QO``G e Ol Y ,R``dGh
E ``H dEG ff e GPEG ``UHh
q
q
WCG dG bdG ,Gh dG H bdG VH j
q BGda .MdG jd
H Im N i``S j j ,g e .zG NCG{ ``SG dG Y ]f] dG
q a
``VCG .G Y dG Jh ,dG N o n n oJ dG cGQOG
E ``H ``dG d
C JGj ``e qCG ,``dP EG
dO L
e jOMG
m
w ,``G H j ``UJ
C e K
C z``{
I``dG ``j e jOMG
q ,G ``S Y .Gh YG
t Y
;M``U o Lh H jo h ,G dG
``dG
t jo c ``o
t J fq C H ,YdG n M``U
n
C Jh
AT mRY IQ``a dG eq CG ,LdG L Sf
m CG IQ``H ``G YG
C J
YG
dG
dG fc ,G``g Y .(23)jRNh c EG ``dG
q ;``eO
q
q
SdG e jdG H dG
e Am H M b ,HdG
HG eR ,RdG Qd
q
q
jaep ``S dP ``M c j CG JY Y H ;a``dGh
q Gh
q
o dJh UG
.Lde
dG
q
q
,
o e ,``fG
q MhdG :``KdG bG GdG Y ,``UCG lY g M
E ``j
q Gh
,dGh ;GdG a L eq CG ,MhQ Qe g d
q ``Gh ,
E dG .
q G
JMh da .G gh ,``SdG G JJ ,hH hCG m``H ``d gh
o eo dG qE a ,G ch .``c ,gGb ,Jc a dP eh ,h``dc
,LGQ (22)
Chittick, Eschatology.

q Gq d INdG IQq dG ,LGQ (23)

;jd
HG Ieh ,
q
Al-Ghazl, The Precious Pearl, tr. J.I. Smith (Missoula: Scholars Press, 1981), pp. 30, 34, 36, 49, 50,
53, 60, 87; Tabrz, Mishkt al-masbh, tr. J. Robson (Lahore: M. Ashraf, 1963-65), pp. 340, 448-49,
490-91, 1176.

- | :

C GfCG OJ
f dhGf dG ``fG
,dG
t M e GPEGh .jdG ``Y ``Y
q
C ``dG hdG
j BGda .M``Vh
q EG dC ``G OGOJ a MhdGh
bN
G
k
q
q
C dG{ ``Y
j H zq G dG{ ``Y ,dc h ,zeGdG
q dG{ Yh ,zIQ``eq G
f fq CG ,g ,dC G d
g aG
YG dh ;G
m
t .dG Qd
q K je
q
eq CG ;dG fq CG Y ,dP qM jh ,dGh jdG Y j dG G EG
.G f g PEG ,LQG
q dG Y Ol a
hdG
q
q
q
fG
H Rc
Jh ,dG a QJ
Gg
k qad dG JC j ,G
m
q GQfi
q
``G
mOa IQH q j CG d
E hdG ``j ,H hO .``G fMhdGh
q
q G
C ,``dH MGdG G hQ HdG ``HG Qjh .``UN
QH ``UG
GhQGh

q ``fEG
q
q
q
C g QGSG J G M qCG j
UG
QGfG
q K
q
q .dG aGf j dG dG
q kfGHCG d LhCG G``d, ,O``LdH
H RdG dP eh ,gQJ
q ``MGe e Me c
.G
g a NRH GOLG d N dG e b e Y QGfG g AH G OGQCG f
H k ``jCG a ...G Hh dG jhfdG ``LG g Y dfG Y GhQG
C G G LJ a jHG
B HG dc GJ K e``LCG Q``U
dG IMdG e hq G
.(1 ,188 :3 AG) GHCG

C SCG bh ,dG Q eq CG

q fG
E hdG qJG id CGa ,J jOMG
q N ``H
m
``a .QdG d o a
HG ``jh
.RdG
x ,HdG
n ,jW f
q
q
C hQOj eY AdhG
C gGj b IQ``U IY KG
g ``Jh ;G M ``LG
C Y
JG d
E ASGh ,FGh ,Gh ,Gh ,GOYGh ,dGh ,YG
q G
W e ek fGh .GdG SGh ,G SG EG aVH
E ,Jfh J``Uh ,G aC H
q qC H HdG
HG ``
Q``dG g J ,``dG
c
m
q O
q jo h .Qd ,q d o J
q
Xh fG { RdG PEG ,zd{ QNG
g ,QdG e a hCG ,IQ``U
l
KK l eCG J b .(30 ,295 :2 AG) zQU QJ dd jOGh TH
.dG
q
q Gg GOe d
C N
eb a e e{ ,jH FQb ``ae HdG
HG Vj ,YG
q ``a
q
C e GOk ``Y j PEG ,(i``dG edG CG) z``eb
``
q edG M jOMG
t d

C

B

...

...} ,fq BGdG ``jG cjh c .``YG

- | :

B ,GY BG IQS) {
.(180 jG

Y{ hCG
``HG ia ,``dG ``eq CG
q ``Y ,Yf MCG ``j H G Y qCG ``HdG
q
j K
q .zc
dU Yh iJ j dG Gg AbGh dG dG LGh G dG IQUh
B ,IdG IQ``S] G jh G GJGh db gh
IQ``U G Y Y d a ]282 jG
.(2^296^10) H a H j Qf hG M

o p jo fq CG M .Y H
z]f] dG
HG qCG q EG
m
q IQU{ QX ``j HdG
q
,MdG o ``
``jCGQ EG
qC H ,``SSCG Y ,UdG N
p jo dGh ,``UG
m
q CG ``Hh
q
C
H ,``a ]f] fi
q dG
q e ,Jeeh ,dGMCGh ,eY zKj{ AdhG
q d j ,Ggh .AfG e Z e
kae SG
q MhQ JQG
E b e AfCG MC H
.(24) ]f]
q WJQG EG

``dG
````j ``````c] AdG c PG KQh ``dG d``SQ Q``MG Y d j e eh
q
c f
q
q CG hCG fi hCG gGHG hCG Se hCG Q``MG Y ``Y ia AfG KQh ]f fi
SdG H Ma JC j eY KQh dG dG
dP
SH
j
e
a
dG
L
Y
q
a ZG gh G S
c
``G
j hCG Y Q``MG Y a AG``S c
q
G Y J
q fG G f``jh H dG D ``a dG g j dG GH hVG
cCG e gh OJ fG da FGSG H AfCG H hG Se j hG SG Y S fGh
:2 AG) dG HQCG e G gG aj H edG aJ G Gg E a G Y AGdG
.(27 ,296

C g ``d ``J
q G OLdG ,``fG

:q dG CGG ``dG eG
q
E be
o O``j
t
``J
Io Qh``U g f``f
G
fdG g JM S``SCG Y ,Rd
E Ia ;GM
k
q
,dGh .``dG hdG G qJ eY O``LdG RM ,e
q c ,``dGh ,``dG
hO .H d ``
J ,``Gh hdG H RH
``g
l
q
o Sq D Jo dG bd kWp Q``Jh
Ie
``HG i``j (24)
q J d ``dG e Je g PEG ,ITe ]f] ``fi
q dG
q e MCG ``j d ,feR nH ,qfCG ``HdG
q
C
C
B
q OGG g Ggh .Te Z H
]f] fi
dG
eh
,k
I
Te
jN
G
Af
G
e
Adh
G
S
,dP
VY
;gH
o
m
q q
C
J JHc fc EGh ,f EG ``j a ,hj e Yh) qjG
j
dG
N

G
,zj
dG
N{`H
HdG
HG

``
n
n
q
q jo
q
:1 AG ,LGQ .q q dG jdG
N
q

S
dG
,``d
dG
AG
b
J

j
dGh
.(VdG
e

``SGh
Gk M
k
n
n
q
14 ,49h 10 ,41 :2 AG ;(70-68 :5) 319-318 ,(4 ,71 :4) 26-244 ,(177-174 :3) 185-184
.20 ,77 :4 AG ;11 ,514h ,11 ,400 :3 AG ;11 ,50h
- | :

q
J ,g q M d .A``dGh ddG M ,Rj e cCG ,Ro ``
QJ
o jn W
t K
q ,``T
q
q ,QG dG
c{
jG Y ``jh
;dG
o
q
k zdG{
q c
q j GRk QH GQhO
``SG
E Lj Gdh .zf``
q hCG ,fGOj
q hCG ,fGj
q GHC a ,IdG Y dj mOde
H (dG Y) dG I``b
GAk H jdG
``SQG
q
q gh dG CGj M ,dG ``H
q
JY Y ``fG
q H ,E Gh G``dG
E NC j ,g e kbfG .RhdH WdGh G
o G jdG LH CG ,zdG Ge{`H j e QGh .f jJ
,MhdGh
,
q
q o
dG d
j a ,q dGh BGdG Y ``j dG dGh
E IQdG e fH
m
q G
q
C
.(zJQU Y fG
E G N{ ,]f] dG
q H ,PEG) SSG Y No
dG bdG gqjEG k N
p eo ,dGYG EG ffG
E dH dG oGe ``j PEGh
d
.z``e{ m Gq j ``fG
E hdG qE a ,NBG H
E qE a ,dGh hdG H
m
q G
hO e .dGh GTc
J``U e ZH
dG
``j dG of dG
E ,JGdG
m
n
q
C
,dG IQ``S) { } jh ,a
k ``fG
E j ,GG
q G QG Y GH
B
q hCG Gh dc fG
j
``d edG ``dG Ybd (5 jG
q
C AY H .aG
C t ``dG
q dG FG o
WdG
IG
n J ,NG
q
q
``dG a t ``dH JC J dG J eq CG ,z
``dH
jo h .(25)zdG{
o
q
q ``dG{
dG dG IQS ``dGh a``dGh e``SG dG YdG g EG BGdG
q ``G gj
} :LGh Im ``U c
Ro o Hh ;edGh O``dG GU g ``G GdGh .{( 26)
UG dG g Ggh .d
E IQ``dG ,N ``UCG fG dG dG
q G
C o dG
.IfGh GdG EG Oa iNG
t eq CG ,IOdG EG
B b Gh MdG a eD G IMG g edG SdG ``a
:3 AG) H GdGh G
.(21 ,175

q jo Il Qh``U Ia ,RjE H
eY ,G h ;dN e o ``f
FdG o
q
n dG
Hjo ;MdG e ,237 ``dG ,3 AG z``dG
dG{h fG``dG
dG{ N
HG c LGQ (25)
q a HdG
q
q
q
n ``b ,dc ,LGQ .d
G
hdG
e
,ggL

,gJ
dG
zWdG
dG{
Hh
,``dG
Jg
H HdG
HG
E
q
q
q
;(gh)

fT
,
Zh
,
fGTh
,Wf
:
G
d

dG
E
q
q
q
q
q
R.J. McCarthy, Freedom and Fulfillment [Boston: Twayne, 1980], p. 377.

k dG
.IH
HQ
IdGh
dG H HdG d (26)
q
q
v
q WYG

- | :

C qE a ,dch ;Jp ``U Fe

,YG
,dN
Im Q``U GP kfH dG NC J ,dG jo
k
q
B ,dGh ,dGh
H ge RdG fG ch{ .FG gQH J ,eGh
.(4 ,425 :4 ;22 ,307 :1 AG) zdYCG QU Sfi
q Y (Gh
Gg g bG e gG``S e c
fG)
E dG ``
q
q dG ``eda
H HdG
HG ``jh .dG Gg gOLh N d ``j dG QdG
q
q

CqG EG j K
B
B

q .]164 jG ,qadG IQS] {

:GdG FG
}
q
,dP Hh ;q UG
g FG cQjo ,Gh
fG
E N e ,bG c
q
q
.(27)FG H Gh
fG
E j ,G H
q
jCG dG c Gh dG GY e OLe c Ggh e e d G e eh FG db
Y Z Y IQ``e
e ee G Y ``d dG CG Z ``ee ``bfl
q
Gdh Y dG G ee g f NBa SfCG AfH e ``T c j dG
M e OGQG
eG HLH Sh YhG IYdG HLH GY Ga dG EG GYO
q
q OGG bh H G j
N idG G G G cS j dG e T a
H eD j a Y j a ee a gG``S OLe ch Sh ``T eh d
,258 :1 AG) (28)dj AT G Y S a eh fh GMh e e a f dG
.(4 ,147 :4 ;35

G qCG Jh ,e VhCG k jhD Q J ,G H RdG dG NJ eYh

.Hk M nfc o r jn Y q J b dG

IQ``S) {
}:BGdG j ,``G Y dH
B :
Y Q````````G jG j CG HdG
H j
,``dG Gg h .(22 ``jG
o
q
fG hq CG g ,H fG qE a ,dP e .zGfG GJe GPEG ,f SdG{ :]f] dG
q
,fG ,OG
dG ff
q
E dG Y (27)
q G
Chittick, Eschatology, op. cit.; Rms View, op. cit.

kag q j qfCG Gq X d .zdH

E q EG{ :f dG
q YG
q d ,G IOGQEG YqJG He k T Gdj d ,NBG H (28)
B ,Og IQS LGQ) UdH h nND j qfCG Gq j h ,jb
GYGQ jdG dhCG gMh .(10 dG ,UdGh ,56 jG
k
C z``jdG eG{
C H FG ``N
,zdG
e
G{h
a
.MdG
e EG ``S e ,jO g ``c ,G ``c
q
q
q
,fG
Chittick and Wilson, Fakhruddin Iraqi, pp. 149-50 and 155-58; cf. Chittick, Ibn Arabs Own Sum-mary of the Fu, Journal of Muhyidding Ibn Arabi Society, I (1982), 56-58.

,dC G f M ShCG Me ,j
k CG ,fG
Ibn al Arab, pp. 31, 111ff., 0.

- | :

.iNCG Ik c
E j edG Y ;a
q fG
Gch Gc jCGQ dG a ef M dG SG fCG ij c g H gfa
.(6 ,313 :2 AG) SG b fG j gh

.d o dG j
E
q c ek ,ed fG
q RdG Me qEG
B IC d g RdG Ie
a Af H C f G j H G ICGG M d ING
q
C
.(19 ,250 :2 AG) edG j dj G G AdG QGWG Y

.Gh IOdG Y f GD dG g ,edG b RdG fG

p EG Y dGD S qEG
E eb
n G q ``S g g :hCG ;f``f
f CG H .
G
E dG Qo nn b g Gg :Gk Lh JC j GGh
q
IQ``S) z``
dG NC J ,``dG h``dG G
o r dn CG{ Y ,dP b q M H ;dH
q
C
B ,GYG
.bM AGOC H Jh
q ,Hq Q q Hq HH OBG H jq QP
q GhQCG b
q CG ,(172 jG
c AGS d ``M W IQ``dG He LhCG M G LhCG f``fG hdG CG Ya
B QGdG hCG RdG hCG fdG
Y NCG dG IQdG d IQU hC a c M hCG ING
``G IQ``dG g G IQ``dG J e M fG K Y G HHH QGbH G a
Je Y``S G (29)eG H ``L IQ``U jJ e ``T HGQ H Mh ``jhfdG
H j K ...]dG GD ``S] dGD ``S bh G Je M e iNCG IQ``U G M e GPa
Gh dGh RdG Y g IQdG J H a RdG iNCG IQU G GD ``dG
.(27 ,627 :2 AG) dG f G AGdG Y dP

ge CGJ
e mj dG ``J ,gH eh ,``edG h
q CG EG ,``dG
q
fc c ,IOq fio Ik Q``U J g ,MGG J q M ,dh .QdG hCG ``q G
.ed jq OLdG dG dG Y ,dC G g Vd .dG Gg fL
kfH
v

B fdG H ``Sh Me fq C ``SH RdG ``
G H WJQh ,(30)I``NGh
q jo
C OQh (29)
,LGQ .eg
YGJ dC G dh ;bdG Gg ,dG ,jo hdG qCG jOMG
q YLG
q
B.F. Musallam, Sex and the Society in Islam (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983).

H A``T e f RGdG Z OLdG eh RH edGh{ :HdG

HG fj c ,d``S cCG RdG e qCG q EG (30)
q
CG EG kae Gg .(27 ,156 :3 AG) zT
B hCG fdG e o o Hj g M e RdG Y j HdG
;ING
HG
q
q
B Re e hG
.(13 ,282 :4 AG) zING
q G gh{ dEG j g H

- | :

q d kaOGe j EGh ,G
bdG FG J
t , HdG eh .(31)GQYG H
B dGh RdG H
FdG jdG Vj GJ WG H a .HdG
HG Hc e NG
q
B dG qCG j ,G ``S Y .ek H
Z Sfi IC f{ ,RdG H ,NG
,311 :1 AG) zfdG ``fG g e e ``M
OLe fi eCG edGh ``dN
q
B ,NBG fi
q ,Lj
b qCG Y J
t dG fq BGdG jG
q ``c ``fGh .(9 ,447 :4 ;20

IQS] {
} Ya


] [
B ,``aZ
s jo M ,RdG Me EG ``j ,g QcG ,QdG Y Vda .]46 jG
o
B dG eq CG ;
q G iG Y Ya b
.(32)G Qf N
n a
o ,NG
C hdG
B ``dGh RdG H ``SS
Gg qCG if c .NG
G
,WG g ,if
n
q
q G OLdGh ``
,G qE a ,G``g eh ;
q OLdG H dG ``j h``dG
q G
b .gedG S ZQ zG V{
p S Ggh :kfBG ``VhCG c ,q M
q ,jH
q H ``
jq OLdG JG H (fOCG ``fG) HdG
HG Mj dG dG G
q
C e k t ``J cCG fdG c e ,QdGh q G e d
q
l bSG g e RdG qEG K
q .hG
fG dh q a .RdG EG dH bSG edG da ,dG Gg dG EG dH
q G OLdG EG gc
j dG e G o Y ,M
cCG edG qE a ,
k ;M
q
n H dG ,e
k ,``VGh g c fl bGdG e JGe Y ``d
G
.Gh q G
C q C ``H
B dG j dG zdG{ qEG ,k Wb HdG
``jo NG
HG j ,GMG
q
q e fdG
:JL c
dG Gg
q
GGh cdG j dh Jh QdG J dG fa T H Y gGG g fc Gh
.(4 ,284 :3 ;13 ,207 :1 AG) QGdG H J QGdG H J Uh VGYH
q PEG ,dG Gg zH{ G ``Y ``JC j (31)
e RH g G a ,QYG GH ;G Y Nj qfE a ,dG Gg j e c
C
zqeG
HG

LGQ
.jj
a
,dG
Gg
zb{
J

j
G
Y qE a ,NBG mQYH eq CG .G H
n
E dG{ H HdG
q
q `dG
jGHh zhdG Sb{ jf ,zOLdG pIFGO{ ,dG Gg qo ,iNCG Im QH .30 dG ,3 AG ,z
o dG{h
,LGQ .OdG Sb EG a RdG eq CG ,SdG pc G Y jh ;zOdG Sb{
W. Chittick, The Circle of Spiritual Ascent According to al-Qnaw, in P. Morewedge, ed., Neoplaton-ism and Islam (Albany: SUNY Press, forthcoming).

.(7 ,424 :4) 17 ,307 ;(9 ,378 :4) 9 ,299 :1 AG (32)

- | :

C FM qE a ,INGh
B RdG nJC ``f eq CG
Gg q cCG VH
J ATG
m
j dG Y ``HdG
HG
q jo ch .JC ``dG Jg H ``dG OQGe e G``gh ``dG
q
,edG
c Jh HQ QH VQG a QdG SG G JC j a A``dGh ``d G a JC j j
.(32 ,485 :2 AG) d j Gfi f NCGh eb e QdG dH f

C QdG GTEG A``V Y ,gYh

q RG
q ``S
k j d ;Y g Am T c
o ,
SdG
HG j ,Ggh .aGhdGh UG ANEG gH
o s jo ,HdG
q
B c ``fi GY fdG c a fdG dGMCG Qb Y
c eh ``fi e ING
B e e f d e fG MQGL dh H ``j fdG
aSG e QH ING
C
B YCG ``a ...``fdG
PG h Gh G L dG jZ fdG H ING
B
CG fdG H jQCG h fdG Y``e c dh ``f IdG jZ fdG H ING
eG gX j CG eq CGh ddG dch IdG ``f ``U j CG G e a j
dP G Gh gX Y G bCG M CG h e CG f a dP Z hCG e
.(14 ,350 :3 ;18 ,221 :1 AG) f dM

a Y ,kq q c ,``j ,j eh edG ``Y ,``fG

HG i``j
E gX qCG HdG
q
CG Qa
.SS
m Y f fq CG q EG ,RdG H
q Y MG OQf CG f b .dG Gg
q
,g dG Gg qCG c ek ,M H g ``SCG c edH bY ,Rda
B zgdG{ AfG
a ,dG Gg zWdG{ ``Y ING
o eq CG .``M H ,R``dG AGREG
C bhdG e GMGh
HdG ``SS
G
q e Ggh ,jq OLdG bGG Oj ``H
k
q
.JC dG H zq G{
q
q
CG j H ,``Jj
jq OLdG JGG q CG ``WdGh gdG ``M mGD ``S ch
t
G OLdG hCG ``a ;zWdGzh zgdG{ ``d
s
E ``SG H bdG EG ,``Jj
q G

a J dG OLdG a ,gdG g M e eq CG ;jq dG g ,WdG g M e

C J c e ,``G
C ,Mh j ,GPk EG ,OLdG .QdG GdG
hCG ,Yd
,HdG
HG j ,g e .gOLh k q e H EGh ,G
q
M e IOe ga ``jdG M e WdG gh ``gG M e ``gdG ``g ]G]

- | :

,93 :2 AG) fYCG e O``dGh gQX e jMa a IgdG M ``e (33)``fYCG

(35

B hG
NGh
,``VHh ,HdG
HG g ,NBG e
q g ]J] p dp b{ `H AdG
n
q
G G e gj zgdG{ qE a ,Ggh .(13 ,310 :2 AG) zWdGh gdGh
C Gg
G G Ya{ .zG iS e{ `c j M e ,G q Y NG
q jo e QG
OdG e j fCG Z ...dG J idG WdGh dG J idG gdG g
.(35 ,484 :3 AG) zG dP ]dG] g fC H dG ]G OT]
j e Ik OY ,dC G dh
Q``U G q J ,edG id
q .``VH dN
q
,q ``T mQ``H ,``f ``S
EG HdG
HG
m
o a .e U OLe jW jM
q
q h .edG j I``G SdG Y
Pf :da ,Hq Q fCG :j{ IQ``U c
,zf :da ?H faa jBG Hh ``H g{ d G j jdG h .ze ``H
.(34)faa JQU G q a
C q G MGdG OLdG G ``ga
Y ,GhdG Y j
q IdG YG
C c
q M ,dc dG Gg H ,a edG
G{ N e Oq eo
q ATG
B dP EG Ik Q``TEG HdG
o ,fq BGdG jG
q OG
n go m r jn s c{
HG jh .(35)z c
q
q
(36)
B ,MdG IQS) z mrC Tn p
. zOdG edG{ g ,HdG
HG j ,G a .(29 jG
q
C CG (33)
q
,j
Ol Lh d j EGh gh ,HdG YG
k CGh ;14 edG LGQ .G Y YVe a ,e
W. Chittick, Ibn al- Arab and his School, in Islamic Spirituality, II (vol. 20 of World Spirituality),
forthcoming.

,H``S Q``e ,qdG G LGQ .zOLdG IMh{ AGREG zdG Ic{ o ,qZndG Z``U e ek ``fGh ,g
.zgdG{
a ,jG eq CG .25 ,311 :2 AG ,(10 ,412 :4) 14 ,305 :1 AG ,LGQ ;(12 ,461 :4) 1 ,314 :1 AG (34)
EG 114 dG ,1 AG ,(.`g 1334 ,U Y
E c ,e U OLe
q :IgdG) 302 dG ,G
q fi
.117
,fG ,jG G Y (35)
Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, op. cit., pp. 205-15; The Concept of Perpetual Creation in Islamic Mysti-cism and Zen Buddhism, Mlanges offerts Henri Corbin, ed. S.H. Nasr (Tehran: McGill University,
Institute of Islamic Studies, 1977), pp. 115-48; cf. Chittick and Wilson, Fakhruddin Iraqi, op. cit., pp.
81-3, 136-7.

AG ,``j
k CGh ;12 ,295 :3 AG ;28 ,431 :2 AG ;(13 ,338 :4) 16 ,292 :1 AG LGQ ,OdG edG Y (36)
.23 ,470 ;14 ,253 ;32 ,224 ;32 ,198 :3
- | :

CG G
E qCG h
q .c WdGh gdG q a ,zG IQU Y{ No b fG
C dG jhD Q ,fG
;zSfG
HdG fb{ j ,cG
E G q qCG AG Qj
q
IM IBGG]h]{ .G IBGe g ``fG
bY K
E qC ``SG H ``Y
m
q ,NBG H
q
(37)
gX
j Ggh . (17 ,80 :3 AG) zfCG IQ``dGh a XdG Gh eG
o
.G gX WH jh ,G WH
pfG
E
n
dG dh WH dG
q a JQU Y OBG N G G Sh Y G ``U G ``SQ b
dG a WH MGh M Y j h gdG Y j Y a jj a gX
G Wda dG d WdGh dG
q d gda WdGh gdG fC H Ue Gh dGh
Y aQ GPG IOG IBGc a ``fG WH Y G gdGh ``fG gX Y
jCG ga d``Th dT a gQj JQ``U aQ JQ``U G a dG
.(33 ,135 :4 AG) d gdG SG WHh WdG SG IQU Y G

WMEGh
e ,Gh fG
q G iG ze{
E H ,J
q
q BGG dG Gg dq jh
q jo
U V eh ,e H
q ``G ``fG
m G ``U c
E a .jq OLdG
B dG d .``dGh MdG
,
q G OLdG ie ``fG
E J e e ,NG
GOLG J ,NBG H
;fOCG
x EG dGh MdG U J
l s eo g c ,H M
m
j e Ggh .QdG q a ``dG J dG Jh ,q G t a ,MdG oJ ``dG
C dHh ,c dGh MdG Y ``j ,Gj
kW
``fGh
k
E ,dG Gg qCG
B dG jQGdG c e S cCG jv OLh
,HdG
HG j Gd .NG
q
B eCGh fdG g G fG IC f cCG G YGh
dG Y bdG e fG a ING
IOS e adGh eD G G fG a dM H Y ba c E a dG G
B ]``q h] h CG fdG ae G``dh eh e GYh ``f A``Th
aa YCG ING
.(5 ,221 :2 ;10 ,118 :1 AG)

,fq E a , ``Jq BGe IQ``U e ,dG Gg ,``fG

E M ``e
q ``fc EGh
B dG
dch ,naG ``
go dG edG
g j NG
q jo c EGh ,f``G
q
q
B dG ``j d ``fG
NG
.AG``dG e c EG ,``dG
n
E qCG f CG ,g ,``G
q
C ``dG jGH LGQ ;bdG ``d HdG HG Y ``G
C e IBGG (37)
,qdG G ,j
k CGh ;UdG e hq G
q eG
q
,dc ,fGh .506-449 dG ,HS Qe
M. Sells, Ibn Arabs Polished Mirror: Perspective Shift and Meaning Event, Studia Islamica, forth-coming.

- | :

B H ,j d fq EG PEG ,Jq BGG G IQ``U

bdG M ,qjOLdG JGG fOCG ,G
B dG dM Q``o
CG b ,AGdG N
Qf e m q ``TC c NG
q f CG h .``Se
q
B dG ,``fG
WH
,NG
j
,dH .Jh oJ
E gX
n o o WHh ,G gX
o
n
o
.(dG VdG
SdG) FGO m dSG a gX eq CG ,k HK WH j Ggh .G
q
gdG
WdG

gdG

fGh
E G H bdG :dG SdG

WdG

zWdG{h zgdG{ SG N
q a

fG
E

dG Gg .

INB G .CG

dG Y ``fG WGG a FGO ``d e fdG j ``G CG ``YGh

IgdG Q``dG NG G j fG c G gCG G ``dH ``j M e dG
B fdG
h(38)AT c Y g PG gdG a YJ Z d c GOLG L INGh
B
N gh N a dGh fdG JQ``U gX Y fa HK ``fG WH j ING
B h ]15 jG
B : IQ``S] d a g dG ``eR c ``jG
e gX j ING
B gX a dH FGO ``d dG dG jh fdG ``WH
j c c ING
gdG g da ZfG H a dG dG a j dG QdG fdG WH
B fG Z G dG
``fd ``e G a WH fdG h gX ING
C
B
a T g j c db e G a g dG dH Y G g dPh dh ING
``f A``dG G XdG G LGQ dP G f f N dP ``S Gh Gj h j
Q``U XdG G jh J FG j M Y HK ``f A``da
H IMGh IQ``U Y dG J a YJ Y J ``jCG M dG dPh Ye
f dG IQd ge fc IQ``U dG gX a dG Y dG M
.(16 ,470 :3 AG) HK gL Y dG Sj G d j

B dG ,Q``NH
jhfdG IC dG g Wc a AH jS fG QGO{ g NG
.(29 ,223 :3 AG) zWGG
C
B HdG
n jo dG fq BGdG ``jG

HG j e G``ch
}
o W
k
q
:q G ``gG H
dG dG
HG j ,``S e cCG (38)
E Y HdG
q qCG EG o f CG ``f ;Jq BGe QU qfCG Y dGh ``fG
q
C dG bd
.WdG
f
G
M

QdG

J
j
cG
E
q
q
- | :

B ,a
,GG f Yh .(31 jG


q IQ``S) {

L bh ,a co A``d bCG q E a{ ,a G j dG jG Y FGO
k j
(39)
G g ``a ,HdG
``HG ``Hh . za co A``d J dG
q
C ;q G O``Ld dG
B dG ``gdG aa
,NG
dG ``S q EG ``jq dG
q
C RG``j
q Gh gdG
Gh WGG
G j c ,``dH .dG Gg
aG
n
q
C a ,GQ``U
B dG Y eG
,kSe zfQaG{ jS g q d .NG
fgPCG
k
HdG
HG j .f``G
JG e H YCG bGdG e m Je ``fCG zQN{h
q
q
:j c dG g
G e eCG WN d j a dG jJ fi G j fdG G IM G YGh
g dG a e Aj e AT GPG G YCG jc IG g fj
q Gh
C
fdG dG Aj e H jh ...G Aj G G Aj e dG a G e e IG
hD j e c Y IG g dG e a PdG G a G eCGh G
B gX ``g ``fG WH ``G M Y ING
B g c (40)``dG
ING
IG g ``fG jJ a ``TG GPG A``T c ``e Y j
q da
B
B
Id ING h IG g HJ a M fdG ING JT h fdG
L d Ld dG bGe G C ``T d a G ``e ``e dG g c dG
B dch fdG IG g OjG ``jj ``e
dG Q``U d J dGh ING
j
q Gh G d QdG j
q a H fG G IQ``U d G j a
B h UN fdG dG IG g dG e d
eY G ING
q OjG
.(41)(33 ,509 :3 AG)
.35 ,440 :2 AG ;(1 ,153 :4) 29 ,259 ;(11 ,144 :4) 22 ,258 :1 AG LGQ ;16 ,295 :3 AG (39)
C IOGQEG qCG eD j HdG HG qCG G e (40)
q NJ H Iaf gh
,LGQ .q Oq G OLdG M
q AdhG
q JZQ c
q
Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, op. cit., pp. 275-83; Corbin, Creative Imagination, op. cit., pp. 222ff.

C qCG EG aGh fc IQTG

.q G dM JQG S Y aQG IQdG g hRj AdhG
E qCG j dh
C
C
SQ
Y

e
f
``J
,SS
G

,d

G
.J
a
,LLdGh
``dG

``T
Gg
``VdG d GH GPEG (41)
k
q
m
q
q FGO
.FGdG H aNG H HdG
HG Xj
q
q
C
C
.]d
G
AS
G

G
]
dG
dG
N
FGdG
NG
EG{ .1
E
q
.GMG N dG dG NG G .2
.eRG N GMG NG G .3
.cG N eRG NG G .4
.LdG N cG NG G .5
.UG N LdG NG G .6
.dG N UG NG G .7
(]185 :4] 265 :1 AG) .zFGdG N dG NG G .8

- | :

} :oJc G c
J .edH JZQ H q G fG
j
o
E Vh
o
q

B ,dG IQS) {
fG


E
q jo ,dH .(40 jG

e kbd q G qEG{ :dG jG EG O``dG Gg HdG

HG ``jh .(42)H q L
q
.za NO Ik Q``U LdG ``TG GPE a ,A``dGh LdG e Q``dG q EG H h AGT a
H ,dG jZ ``q G ``fG
HG jhD a
E ``Vh qCG jG Gg jj ,HdG
q
.(43)dc iNCG QU OLh e dP j CG hO Im QH Lj

fj JQU Y fc e dG QU e T IQ``U q CG Nf G ``S dch

Y FH ``e jJ IjL IQ``U ``d b CG f fh aQe e h ``gCG e ``MCG
.(44)(22 ,183 :2 AG) JQU

:GOk
q hCG
B fG IC f dc
dG IQdGh ASG LG Gh fdG IC f J ING
B IC ``f Y fMhdG a
g ac e fdG QGdG g bP bh ``G e ZCG ING
C
C
:1 AG) G dP cQa SdG eY eGh Ic ceG H ``fG a IC ``dG
.(13 ,67 :5 ;27 ,318

C H Gh dG H``j
dG EG j gc ;gZ ek Gjjh ,LhG
B
z
:IG e hOe
i``e
Y j gch ,``NG
q ``L{ hCG ,WHh gX
m
k
l
.z
q MhQ{h
H e ,dhCG Y ``H iC j fq E a ,
HG eq CG
q ``G OG Y QGUEG ,HdG
q
,j
OLdGh (dG) HdG H bdG Y CG ,zHdG{
W Y eH
k CGh ;14 edG LGQ .edG
q
q VG j
q
Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, p. 118, 159.

d hCG a J
n ``
q G a g cCG G``Y e N WN d j QdG gCG dch{ :dc ,H o Q``f
q jo h (42)
C
q
q
q
hCG T
,
G
d
G
GQ``U
e

jh
.(3
,453
:4
;30
,259
:1
AG)
zWG
``M
Y
gh
GdG
dP
q
mf
E
x
D
ceCG h g ,GQ``U hjh .(2000 ,HdG
jQdG
``
S

e
:hH)

TdG
c
,LGQ
;
UG

dG
Y
,``S
q
q
q
q
q
EG j qfCG hj M 30 ,223 :3 AG LGQ) .Me W
H k jen ,iNCG
q IdG g fG dG HdG
q
.(VH dC G
.3 ,628 :2 AG ;26 ,312 :2 AG LGQ (43)
.j eh 22 ,518 :3 AG ;(5 ,353 :2) 12 :149 :1 AG LGQ (44)
- | :

,HdG
HG Y ,AD g .zdG{ IC f LdG Sf qC H dj jdG ,SdG
q
gh GhQG IC fh LG IC f JC f K G L f Y eG g e N Y {
.(7 ,448 :4 ;23 ,311 :1 AG) zSG Gj h jG GKa jG IC ``dG
,99 :1 AG) zY IQU Y Gh Y IQU Y dG G{ ,Q``NH
.(45)(1 ,123 :2 ;20
dG IOdGh dG jdG
HG jj
E dG qCG HdG
o jg j d
q G
q
B
:dG Gg d Fbc NG
d dG dG CGh IQdG YCG S``Gh Gh Gh dG H Gh
gdG SG M jh IO``dGh dG Y M G e ``U c f``S d
.(1 ,451 :4 ;4 ,312 :1 AG) U c WdGh

OGG ;G JQ``U NG EG QdGh q G H dG aNG g LJh

,d HdG
HG If d G g dG Ja .(46)dGh MdG U g
q
.QdGh q G H jq OLdG QGdG J
q ,a dG Gg h
q
LdedG
G
``f ,dH ,q c EGh ,j c F``G EG if CG ``f
q
C hdG G n Nn ,AdG :(47)``dG Ve c
C
dG{`H hG ,``SG
q G
dG jh
q .zdG{ hCG zq q dG dG{`H jo ,fK
k N K
q .zdG{h z``
k MhQ
q q dG
C ,``dGh
YdG OG ,
``Y OhM ,dGh hq G
q ``MhdG G
q ,a ;GOG
s
q qGh
q q dG dG qCG c ,``K
``dG c dGh
p fdG ,G c
q e .``dG
q
v dCG b
,Ro p Jo dG gh ,dG ``gh ,q H J dG qE a ,``q q dG dG ``SG X
CG (Ldf
CG) jq OLh me HQCG ,``dG
,``SS
OLd Ik ba ``fc EGh ,``JGP
q
q
q
C zFdG{
``U
HQCG J qEG gh ;``SdGh HWdGh ,IOhdGh ,IQGG :HQG
m
C HQG
C cQG)
C IQ``dGh ,IOGQGh
CG d
,dGh .(48)(gd
E ,dGh ,IG :``SS
q d
q
q EG
.(6 ,60 :5) 11 ,317 :1 AG LGQ (45)
C EG JYb c
q jo e Ik OY HdG
UN f YJ dG IgX ``U c{ PEG ,``G A``SG
HG qE a ,e
q c (46)
q
,LGQ .(35 ,441 :3 AG) zdG e fY e SG d
W. Chittick, Ibn al-Arabs Myth of the Names, in P. Morewedge, ed., Islam and Platonism, forthcoming.

,fG ,MdG e eSQ e ,kfRGJ cCG Ud

(47)
m
W. Chittick, Ibn al-Arab and his School, op. cit.

C FdH bYh ``SS

C HQG
C A``SG
C Y .9 ,150 :4 AG ;10 ,430 ;5 ,397 :3 AG LGQ (48)
LGQ ,HQG
G
q

- | :

C FdG q J ah ,q dG dG d q dG gG dG J
o ,``gQhH
HQG
q
q
q QU
.fG
Y ,q G
q dG bfl c
q
bG hq CG ``eq CG
j .(49)G ``TY a q q dG dG q J ``dG f``G
q
n jo ``g e .(5 jG
B ,MdG IQ``S) { } ,BG``dG
TdG EG o

IQdG qE a ,QG jG Hh .G MdG fq CG Y ,SG dH G

,MdG U g TdG qCG h .z``Z
MQ Sh{ :g TdG Y ``TG
q
C ``dG g qE a ,``dH j a
,dG OLdG
i``G q EG J ING
q
C GhdG ``
B ,IdG IQ``S) VQGh
.(256 jG
o n jn ,BGdG ``H dG ,``SdG
q
b{`Hh (jG H) zQG
Yh
q b{`H Y G
s ,eb G ``j ``SdG
q
B ,fj IQ``S) z``dG
Y G MdG qE a ,HdG
HG jhC J ``Hh .(2 jG
u
q
.(14 ,432 :3 AG) zMH e Zh MQ G SdG fG{ TdG
g Y OLdG NJ dG ,(13 ,386 :3 AG) zG Z G dG J ``dh{
C GhdG Y J dHh ,JG
zG Z e G d{h .jh VQGh
.(50)(1 ,386 :3 AG)
q
,jv OLh .dGh MdG c a j dG G EG j SdG
hO e ch
q
.dG L
t m t J e ,SG jg FN J M ,dRdG JGG q J
x QJ
C UdG
C FdG oJ ,dG aG
C ie Yh
,AGh ,AGdGh ,QdG HQG
HQG
n
C e RG``dHh ,K
C
UdG Ln
p J ,``VQG
q .``dG ``dG gQ``U VQGh
q gQ``H
RJ ,UdG ``LG eh ,GN
q ``G dG J c CG ,``cG
k CG .
C ,dH a ;(51)OLdG EG ,GGh ,dGh ,Oc ,zjq dG{ bG
cG
C ,zkac{
q ,zkd{ b
q Gh
,JQG``U TdG JC j dGh ,``SG FdG c
.H
d fq E a ,zW{
c EGh ,gh
x
v
C G j ;15 ,430 :3 AG ;14 ,430 :2 AG ;(10 ,344 :4) 17 ,293 :1 AG
IQdG qCG Y GNG
q HdG
IQdG ,(``SdG) IOGQG
HG fOhjh
E ,(IQGG) dG :NBG
q ``c .(19 ,441 :3 AG) dG RG``J
q
.25 ,667 :2 AG ;(IOhdG) dG ,(HWdG)
.2 ,201 :3 AG ;6 ,436 :2 AG ;(8 ,351 :2) 31 ,148 :1 AG (49)
C Hj dG G
.qMhdG G hCG ,eG
q q G n G c ,g (50)
.(349-344 :4) 94-293 :1 AG (51)
- | :

C jZ g Wh
EGh ``VJ EG jh q g
Y
H dG Gg
x
q G
x
FN qCG H ,f Ol Lh d d .iM Y k SGQO G
bG
q dG
o
C EG TdG e ,S``G dG c
q IgX
f``G
H qE a ,Gg eh .VQG
q
C g c ,``jq Y ``J CG hO ``W
o FGh ,(k ``V ``SdGh
TdG) aG
q
q
(52)
C
C
``Hh .``f ``dG UdGh , FG
GhQGh ,dG
Gh ,fOG
q
q
C gdG
CG Y HdG
hCG ,d ``L
HG j ,z``LG{`H
Gh FG ``H
m
q
q
C e g
.(53)OLCG j
q C H LG
q e Ik OYh ,zdN{
q
Io M o dG :CG] zdG JM G{ qC H HdG
HG j
q ,WG iMEG
q
C iAG``j b .(26 ,508 :3 AG) ]``G
Jeh ih``J dG qCG ,FGhCG ,eG
q J dG ,q q dG dG hO e J ]dG] g PEG ,``G G
C G
fOG
q ``o
q fJ PEG ,edG

G Y J b HdG
HG
d
p dMEG qCG q EG .GOG
q
q
q
q J ,G ,dG qCG j
dGh .AdH GAk Hh ,G i``S e c
q ``dG
C ``FN J dG
d m HG ``H g TdG b ``e zaq``dG ``LG{
(54)
je EG GJ dG Jg qCG dG
q ZCGh . eq CG H gh ,e``dG dG
,TdG e f``L
Y HdG
HG j eY ,Gdh .``Gh edG
,G
q
q
q
.G G Y J fq EG j fq CG hj ,jq Y dh W
q
C dG
zJ{ G ``dG j``e qCG ``VGh
c
q ,``HG
q G
q qE a ,Q
l
hO J G K
]j``G] a ;``SdGh
TdG H
q .jq Y J EGh W
q
q
Gg K dG H dHh jq Y a ;{ } EG h
q ,``SdG
q
.ggL dG
J b Gdh dN H h dN GH a fdG M e QdG M j
B ,W IQS] j h a
.(55)(4 ,352 :4 ;27 ,294 :1 AG) ]74 jG
C ,dGh ,dc ,``q q dG GhQG
C
;g ae
q c ,jq dG GhQGh
q
s g c dG Je AGQh LJ dHh ,IOe
C
C
:4) 5 ,261 :1 AG ``fG ,zdG
``L
G{
Y
.z
W{
Fc
Y
``J
a
,iN
G
f
Lh
e
``d
q
q
.10 ,335 :2 AG ;(5 ,161
.13 ,389 ;28 ,186 :3 AG ;(1 ,423 :4) 8 ,307 ;(18 ,284 :2) 13 ,133 :1 AG LGQ
.1 ,150 :4 AG LGQ ;16 ,420 :3 AG
;(14 ,95 :3)9 ,169 ;(17 ,241 :2) 9 ,123 :1 AG ,fG ,QdGh q G Ve Y .33 ,244 ;1 ,184 :2 AG LGQ
B dG qCG M Yh .8 ,442 :3 A``G ;1 ,440 :2 A``G ;(5 ,380 :4) 20 ,299
,jv Y j CG VY W
NG
w

- | :

(52)

(53)
(54)
(55)

M ,c ``dG q M EG Gh ``dG Gg H H``dG Ljh

TdG hO J dG qCG H ,Lde
co ,Gg Y jh
s .``dG EG d b ``We
v
,iNCG Im QH .QG
a dh G MQ Qfi gh
q b VoJ Y dG SdG
q
fG
J ie Y d d ,dG
iG Y MdGh dG j
q
q
a J dG
.(56)SdG
q
j dG Gg Y Lj LC dG Y d LJ a ,G Lho EG
C ``U q J d :``dG e
g HdG
HG ``j e Ik OYh .ek d
E A``SG
q G
q
B :U IQS LGQ) fG
,Gg ;(75 jG
n EG IQ``TH
E No H dG G zj{
E dC ``G
:2 ;13 ,122 :1 A``G) zIMGh j Y hCG dG eCG ``Y eG gG``S e c N{ ``bh
C z``UCG{ qCG M Yh ,Jeh G ``e Y BGdG ``j .(16 ,237
hG
C UCGh q G ``j
B ,bGdG IQ``S) QdG iNG
,jM
h .(56 EG 7 jG
m
Y Vj CG d MCG .q d iNCGh Q``d IMGh ,z``b{ N G qCG dG
q
q j
,HdG
HG j ,dP
q
bh FH A``SCG ``a F``SCG jJ da G``S K c OLe PG
.(57)(12 ,169 :1 ;30 ,37 :1 AG) FBG ASCG

MdG ``U NG ``H ,G en b `` O``LdG QOCG ``b ``dG qCG ``ch

n
.dG NG
o Oo LfG LhCG da ,dGh
H bRGQh AY ``H GOLh Qhe H IQb a A``SG ``S d f``S dG LhC a
L fdG dG Lh KC dG e ``FM Me H MQh e H eh hR``e
``b c e g g e Na e U``TG ``a K dG ``dG e
jZh G e dGh dG e G GSG AdG ``VJ Gg h ...NCG
J G b c H gh H g OJ M ``dG h LG g e dG
L a L ``ca H Y ``H G jh dG e G G ``d
C IQS]
B ,fG
.(9 ,229 :2 ;15 ,120 :1 AG) ]37 jG
.33 ,244 :3 AG ,LGQ ,d jq dG dG Yh ;1 ,184 :2 AG ;(1 ,249 :4) 24 ,276 :1 AG ,LGQ
C FG ``e e ,``SdG LJ dGh ,jq YdG dh ,dG
Gh fOG
f``G
qC ch hj ``b (56)
q
q
q
.HdG
HG
Ldec
jN

VJ
d
dG
e
jG
e
H

e
MdGh
dG
J ,dG
q
q
k
q
q
.(4 ,173 :4) 3 ,263 :1 AG ,LGQ (57)
- | :

AG) zIhdG Yh IOdG Y dG{ g ``dG qE a ,jq Oen M``UH

m
C ]q M] qCG Y j
,G MQ Y j A``TG
HG qCG H .(14 ,75 :3
q HdG
q
l
MdG e N
g ,G jf ,Sda
;Lj CG G dG qC
q
dG ,QdGh q G j ``dG cj dG jGh .e
q c ,``dGh
N G G dG G OQh Gch ghd jQGdG G aVCG EGh{ .GdGh
.(27 ,76 :3 AG) zf``S geCG CG gD e Y d e IMGh d b QdGh G
.jv HCG Hk GY fS QdG gCG qCG j Gg qCG q EG

C EG h``j d G G``Y qCG HdG ``HG O``YG

GvP``T GOk YG d Ggh ,HG
q
(58)
C
C
H c EGh . UG g GYPG AdG e gdG gG q a ;eS
G
E dG
q
C q C H ;Lde
o ja
,GMG
ch
ep ee YdG g eO
o a ,REG e HdG
q
q
q
.JHc IQG
YVG e g GdG Ie
q jq Ohfi
q
C EG{ QdG ``S(59)zeG{ qCG ``HdG HG ``j
BGdG dG
q PEG ,z``HG
q
B :IdG IQ``S) za jdN{ ,j
EG j fq CG q EG .(dEG ,217 ,81 ,39 ,25 jG
fq D G zQdG{ EG FGO
;k fq D e FGO
m
E ,iNCG H
k Io Q``TG
k j za{ ``dG qCG
q zGdG{ EG ,GH
Am T q CG Y ,jG hCG BGdG ,``jo h .cG
k CG ,``dh
.ek J q G ``N
k CG hj QdG G``Y qCG EG ``j
E fc EGh ,GH
q a GQ``TG

B :edG IQS) {...

e AT Gd .(53 jG
E
} a ,dP EG aVH
C
,IOhG o G ``J
a ,zkbah Ak GL{ AGG c EG ka``e Gg ;H
q
q H GdG
.GOk hfi Hk GY
C GOk
CG ``S ,BH ,fq C jv HCG QdG GY d ,S``SHh
;MdG o ``S
q ,d
q
,LGQ (58)
Smith and Haddad, The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection, op. cit., p. 95.

IOhfi I
``HG ``jo (59)
q Q``dG Nj jdG ``Y gd
q dPh ,z``o gCG g jdG Q``dG gCG{ Y z``eG{ HdG
q
C
C
q
YGhO j
,cGh ,jG
:HQ
G
Y

G
Q``dG
g
G
``
j
K
.e
Ljh
E
q gHh .aGh ,``Gh
q
q q
C YG H FGdG QdG gCG ``M
-390 :4) 304-301 :1 AG ,zQdG gCG JGe { ,LGQ .``HQG
.(2 ,467 :4) 27 ,314 :1 AG ,j
k CGh ;(405

- | :

zAfG Z e MdG H ``Vda dG Vd IOdGh dG

d A``da{
q
e mOY IOh``G ``dG W HdG
``HG ``d q ``Sh
.(35 ,382 :3 A``G)
o
q
o fl
q dH j c jCGQ CG ``S ;b``dG
Km CG Y f M ,Lde
dG
q
U e MdG qCG EG ``j a ,ja
p G ``dG eq CG .``SdG
a ``d
q
q
OLh RGd e a ``dG eq CG OLdG H
p o YJ
o CG go dH d
E G``dG
q G
,``dG q M ``J G MQ qE a ,FGO
k j
q ch .G he g M ,dG
.(60)fhO On LdG o Jo U J PEG
o
Fch
,``dG a J
Fc
hCG ,dGh OLdG H Fb
m
m
m
m RH
m ``Sh
q a q j ,GQfi
e MdG U ``o
J PEGh .``dGh MdG e c
t
E q o
k ``fG
o
.dG
dG FH JJ
dG U qE a ,dEG OJh G GP
q
Gh dGh Wda Gh ``dGh dGh Gh WdGh d fi dG G ``a
IQ``Uh gX M d Y a OLdG d Y ``M f GhRh ``VG G d ``e
Lh Y G gh dG iOLh eCG G hj dGh Gh Gh IO``dG ...ee
dG G a dG H G ASG H G G gh ...dG M a
J adGh gH h OLd WdH J e J Gh ...eD d G a eD G
he dG eCG Y de d dG VQGdG QeG eCGh ...Gc GY A``SG g Y G
dGhH M ha d K VQGdG hG QL J jYdGh Gd VY AGgCG a
Y GR bh H ``j M e d H h OLe H ``JGh b c dG dGh GR GPG
eh IOS G gh ``f e H a VY ``VQY LG c PG Le Ghd A``dG
da dG Hh G gP GPa W Jh N Y d G NO a e QdG ``NO
.(35 ,417 :3 AG) dH Y G

:j c ,fK f
HG
q jo
m Lh e G
q g HdG
q
H H bh e M A``dG bhh GdH IO``d G jdG Gg H dG G ``N ``a
Y Qj d OLdG YCG dG G OLh g a T
q dG G G VdG
.(21 ,389 :3 AG) UN G gh SG G

C p dM ;fp eEG e FdG LGJ dG OLdG

Ldf
G
zdG{
``
jo ,GPk EG
t
q
t
q
X a dG dG{h
.dG dG dSGh ,dG OLdG Lh H ``edG
q
;177 dG ,HS Qe ,UdG ,LGQ (60)
Ibn al Arab, op. cit., p. 223; Izutsu, Sufism and Taoism, op. cit., p. 117.

- | :

hJ ,jdG ``K
q .(25 ,389 :3 A``G) z``G fL e ``G L ``e G
c b PEG GH
k CG hJ a f FdG eq CG ;dG e b``T ,QhdH JG G
H fYCG J dG e O``LdG G LQG GhdG a{ :OLdG e ``f
d
l
G G g OLdG{ ,``Uc .(11 ,455 :4 ;34 ,312 :1 AG) zgOLh
.(61)(33 ,207 :3 AG) zVdG H G a T
q dG
ZQ ,OLdG Y ``S
``Z qCG ,jdG G MQ IO``S e M``j bh
q
a :dG H N
HG GQY e ``bJ
dP qCG f fq CG
k
q a ``VGdG HdG
q
HG j .KCG H a ``d j dG G
hO QdG J ,jJ
q gh ,``SdG
q
.J ,GdG e Ia H ,QdG qEG dH gdG
bdG Gg HdG
q
q
MCG Ad G IM G G GdG G Je AfG H QdG GY j a
T h IM J d dh M QX e M J e G Sd d fa A``SG
c e hCG L hCG L e G M X a(62)jGh dG SG M e dP Gh
B HCG cM IKD e dG A``SG GJ a KC Jh M QH M a``SG a
jHG
.(2 ,119 :3 AG) L e gCG eh jQGdG

k dC ``e qE a ,QdG FH e ,jdG ,IO``dG EG ``j eG qCG ``ZQh

q
,Hfi Hq Q Y q j ``S :q G gCG IOS Y JO``S
Ik MGh
q ``S
o CG jo ``M
fdG q G G``HCG Y ek c ,q ``dG
t ,fLh dh .G n jhD Q ``q G g
H gh j { ``ke k eK ``Hk H ,HdG
HG ``j ,Qq d qE a ,``dG Q``dG G``HCGh
q
H fq EG j ``gh .(14 ,377 :4 ;5 ,299 :1 A``G) zJ G jhD Q ``Y ``G
o dp G c d PEG .zGd e fhO G H]]{ ,QdG gCG GY A``fG
dP KQhC ,dG bSGh ,gabG dG jG H ,dG g Y d f
``
gh .(63)(5 ,119 :3 AG) zJe ``fG bh GY AGh{ ,A``G
q
q UG
C e g QdG
B G{ ,j CG HdG
jhD Q ]:]jQGO GP ING
HG ``j H q g
q G
q
.(15 ,335 :2 AG) zMh
.5 ,433 ;27 ,328 :3 AG ;2 ,486 :2 AG ,LGQ (61)
C G Y qEG (62)
CGh LS e Oj
,LGQ .eY Y gOLh o Jo OGQEG o LJ
;j
q dG g HdG YH
q K
q
Chittick, Ibn al- Arabs Myth of the Names, op. cit.

.ke j b f G CG ,(32 ,435 :3 AG) NBG Ve

,HdG
HG j (63)
m
q

- | :

C dG ,IOdG qC ,f QdG f QdG gCG S

Fjo e g ,NG
.dG Ge
J G hjh QdG g IdG e ha MdG ``T H dG QdG gCG jh
GG dH G GNO a dG ``J LGe ``j dPh G Gfj ``M
c G Z G G``dG dh G G ``dG a Y GP``a GhQ``dh G ``cQO
j e G ``j GPGh f fC a j e G ``j GPG c M ``a c ``e
eh We g gCG g jdG QdG gCGh gCG G WGG M GY fC a ``LGe
g JGP WG Ia GLQ dGh GN e gCG g jdG G gCGh GLQ dGh GN
.(64)(34 ,14 :4 AG) WG

j ,iNCG H
.UCG dEG fG dG dG Y j e mfEG a
m
C Y J ,gQhH ,dG ,G ``Y zHdG YG{
C ``Y HdG ``HG
t .A``SG
ch
q
C O
C
l
YG

a
OGSG

e
G
,``S
O

j
e
g
HdG
OG``SGh
;OLd
Hb
g mOa
u o
u o
q
C ``HdG
t
FM Qb Y J ]``
`dGh]
Gh GhdG Y j G G{ .(65)``dR
n
q G
HdG
H ,``S Gg .(8 ,308 :4 ;11 ,287 :1 AG) zJGOG``SG
q
H bh e a{ ;RdH QdG gCG JC j c ek q G gCG bRj FG qEG ``j CG
B Y G H bh Y H dG
.(3 ,389 :4 ;5 ,301 :1 AG) zNG

EG LQCG YO ,HdG
HG Y ``SdG O
q `dG
n d ``UG g N EG ``d
q
q qE a ,``HdG
H jq dG ``UdG c
HG jhD Q ``H :e CGH dG ``dG
q
G
Y dMH
q ,G
q dG gd HGZ ie Y dG H
E gJ ,
q
dGh G M jH
Mj q ``dGh BGda .d
m
E G Y P``J dG
q G
C Y
C ,``gh .``NG
B
k hs D Jo hCG ,kfEG oJ q EG ,ZG
HdG
HG qCG q EG .keh Y
q G
q
t
q VQj
G
Y Qn ``
,qG G Y ``j
jh
n Un EG ``UHh
q ``T
m
m C J c
E Yj
q
:3 ;26 ,218 :1 AG) zH jhC H g G fG{ qCG f jhC J eh ;``SH
E
.(11 ,336
.23 ,387 :3 AG ;4 ,486 ;34 ,327 :2 AG ,fG ,zFG{ g IOdG Y (64)
.41 edG ,fG ,OGSGh HdG en e Y (65)
- | :

j h ...e fi gh fh a j ``fG j CG fY QeG YCG eh Gg

,288 :1 AG) Sh Y G ``U dSQ ``d Yh Hc ``f Y H j a HQ
.(12 ,316 :4 ;27

q
,o Y
HG ``j dG dG e
q Y jh
n ,dG n HQG ``gj ,HdG
m C J ``a
q
n
q j G Y ,GgX
``ajh dG
f
aG EG ``UJ
o jo e :G
q
k
M
a
HG
q jo .CG b dG
q Y
m q C q g
q CGh G U``H M HdG
x
q
:j c OLdG d
t
``j c QeG dGh
G
OLdG d ...e cCG a dG cCG ]G] gh
q
G Ojh IQU d j d IQU eh ``H Fb ``H Fb d e Ojh G
.Aj c QeG jh
q
YCGh N dG fS dH X a fl N gh WG Gg d c GPa
``J fCGh G Y QOb Z G G Jh dH G Y CG jJ a IdG
q g
G e GJ ``a ``J h G N e N Gh G Y G IQ``b ``f e
VGYG fc e OBG H YH G JC j da Fb UTCG jG gGQCGh d g``L dG
dG VdG a f fc e H JD jh dG eb jRGG a VJ Fb GQU
G Y dG M jC a ...(66)]zQdGh q G H n Hn a{]
o eCG c IQ``U ``dG Y
]!?]jhC J Oah
Y H d ``Y e dhq C a ``Y h Ye cGa ``G ``f ``dch
C dG a OJ K feR A``fH J cdG G ``dG ``a
FGO G cah iNG
Y h Ye G b c fY gh G g Y e Gg J jdG
fGO b G ca e cC f T H fh ...hJh b j bRQ a d YL G a
...AH QGO f Y GR e IdG e Ve IdG c e
Y RGdG OT j e CG f h ``S NC J a dG ``U Y ``f G f h
eCGh ...RdG dM Y M OGG Y LQG G O``T Y G Y O``T
B
Je Y Y c H dG e A``T Y j h G G gCG j ``fa I``NG
.dH e Z fc e d Oe
e dG a IOdG ``Y c iCG egh He iCGQ iCG G``c iCGa a ``f ``j
M fG IM a Y jCGQ c GP``a GJ Gg dh ``Y g e BGdGh d g
:4) 21 ,294 ;(6 ,341 :3) 22 ,219 :1 AG LGQ .z``dG{
d jG GH HdG
HG ``j e Gc
k (66)
q
q
.27 ,118 :3 AGh 15 ,309 :2 AG ;(2 ,477 :4) 18 ,316 ;(12 ,410 :4) 2 ,305 ;(6 ,351

- | :

fcP MQCG a H YCG ``e a Z g gh RdG IM d ``jG ``jhD Q

C MGQ
...]!]HG
``dGh dG dG H AL e L Y dG Gg dEG fC ehCG e ``q GPEGh
AG) .GQOG Gg Y IUdG gGH ``dG gOq J dG dG dG e jMh ``b
.(8 ,183 :2

- | :