MODULE 11-15 OXYGEN

OXYGEN
IN AIRCRAFT FLYING A ALTITUDE THERE MUST BE SOME WAY IN MAINTAINING A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR PASSENGERS AND CREW TO BREATHE NORMALLY

THIS IS NORMALLY DONE BY CABIN PRESSURISATION,. MAINTAINING A MAXIMUM OF ( ? ) FEET CABIN ALTITUDE 8000 AT ALL ALTITUDES
IF THE CABIN PRESSURUISATION FAILED AND THE CABIN ALTITUDE CLIMBED TO 10000 FEET AN EMEREGENCY (?) SOURCE OF OXYGEN MUST BE MADE AVAILABLE

OXYGEN
EMERGENCY OXYGEN IS NORMALLY SUPPLIED FROM GASEOUS, LIQUID AND CHEMICAL SOURCES CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE GASEOUS AND CHEMICAL SOURCES LIQUID OXYGEN IS USED ON MILITARY AIRCRAFT

SOME SMALL UNPRESSURISED AIRCRAFT ONLY REQUIRE OXYGEN OCCASSIONALLY AND USES A SYSTEM THAT METERS A CONTINUOUS FLOW OF OXYGEN WHICH IS METERED TO THE ALTITUDE FLOWN

OXYGEN
AIRCRAFT THAT FLY AT ALTITUDES ABOVE 18000 FEET HAVE A DILUTER DEMAND SYSTEM THIS SYSTEM METERS OXYGEN DEPENDANT ON THE ALTITUDE FLOWN AT DIRECTS IT TO THE MASK ONLY WHEN THE USER INHALES AIRCARFT FLYING AT ALTITUDES WHERE THE OUTSIDE AIR PRESSURE IS TOO LOW TO FORCE THE OXYGEN INTO THE LUNGS USE A PRESSURE DEMAND SYSTEM THIS SYSTEM SENDS OXYGEN TO THE MASK UNDER A SLIGHT PRESSURE TO FORCE THE OXYGEN INTO THE LUNGS

OXYGEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ARE DETAILED IN THE AMM ALTHOUGH OXYGEN IS NONE FLAMMABLE IT WILL READILY SUPPORT COMBUSTION IF OIL, GRAESE AND DUST OR METAL PARTICLES ARE PRESENT SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION MAY TAKE PLACE THE FOLLOWING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS MUST BE ADHERED TOO

NO SMOKING

OXYGEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

KEEP OIL AND GREASE AWAY OXYGEN EQUIP,ENT HOSES AND FITTINGS MUST NOT BE HANDLED WITH GRAESY HANDS OR WEARING GREASY OVERALLS KEEP OXYGEN AWAY FROM FIRE A SMALL SPARK WILL RAPIDLY GROW IN AN OXYGEN ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT HANDLE OXYGEN COMPONENTS CAREFULLY

OXYGEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

ALWAYS FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THE AMM AND ON THE CHARGING PANEL WHEN CHARGING GASEOUS SYSTEMS ENSURE:
NO REFUELLING OPERATIONS ARE BEING CARRIED OUT NO ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ARE SWITCHED ON OR OFF ADEQUATE WARNING NOTICES ARE PUT IN PALCE NO SMOKING OR NAKED FLAMES

THE AIRCRAFT IS EARTHED

ADEQUATE FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT IS AVAILABLE

OXYGEN SYSTEM LAYOUT

CREW AND PASSENGER GASEOUS OXYGEN SYSTEMS AND THEIR OXYGEN CYLINDERS ARE USUALLY INDEPENDENT OF EACH OTHER EXCEPT FOR A COMMON CHARGING POINT AND AN OVER PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE BOTH THESE SYSTEMS PROVIDE FOR STORAGE OF THE OXYGEN AT HIGH PRESSURES AND ITS DELIVERY TO THE CREW AND PASSENGER MANIFOLDS AND OUTLETS UNDER LOW PRESSURE

IN GENERAL GASEOUS OXYGEN SYSTEMS ARE USED FOR THE COCKPIT. SOME AIRCRAFT USE GASEOUS SYSTEMS FOR BOTH CABIN AND COCKPIT CHEMICALLY GENERATED OXYGEN ARE USED FOR THE CABIN

COCKPIT SYSTEM LAYOUT

THE AIRCREW HAVE A MASK FOR EACH OCCUPANT THESE WILL BE QUICK FITTING (DONNING) THEY ARE LOCATED INSIDE STORAGE BOXES WITHIN EASY REACH OF THE CREW

THE MASK WILL CONTAIN A MICROPHONE WHICH IS PERMANENTLY CONNECTED TO ALLOW COMMUNICATION TO BE MAINTAINED AT ALL TIMES
THE END OF THE MASK HOSE IS CONNECTED TO THE OXYGEN SUPPLY REGULATOR

DILLUTER PLATES

FLOW INDICATOR

HARNESS INFLATED

MASK STOWED

SPRUNG DOORS TEST LEVER

MICROPHONE LEAD

OXYGEN SUPPLY

COCKPIT SYSTEM LAYOUT

THE REGULATOR REGULATES THE SUPPLY TO THE MASK
ON SOME AIRCRAFT AN INFLATABLE HEAD HARNESS IS USED TO ALLOW ONE HANDED FITTING OF THE MASK WHEN THE MASK IS REQUIRED THE STORAGE BOX LEVERS ARE SQUEEZED TOGETHER

THIS OPENS THE BOX DOORS AND THE MASK IS WITHDRAWN A GREEN OXYGEN ON FLAG WILL APPEAR
WHEN THE MASK IS WITHDRAWN THE HARNESS IS AUTOMATICALLY INFLATED BY THE OXYGEN

COCKPIT SYSTEM LAYOUT

ONCE THE MASK AND HARNESS HAS BEEN FITTED THE RELEASE LEVERS ARE RELEASED AND THE OXYGEN IN THE HARNESS IS EVACUATED TO ATMOSPHERE
THE HARNESS DEFLATES AND TIGHTENS ON THE USERS HEAD THE STORAGE BOX CONTAINS A TEST LEVER WHICH CAN BE OPERATED TO TEST THE OXYGEN FLOW TO THE MASK WHEN THE SYTEM IS OPERATING CORRECTLY A BLINKER INDICATION ON THE FLOW INDICATOR TURNS GREEN

THERE WILL BE A 100% SELECTOR BUTTON WHICH WHEN DEPRESSED WILL ALLOW PURE UNDILLUTED OXYGEN TO BE DELIVERED TO THE MASK

COCKPIT SYSTEM LAYOUT

CABIN SYSTEM LAYOUT

ON GASEOUS OXYGEN SYSTEMS ARING MAIN IS PROVIDED FROM THE STORAGE BOTTLES TO THE PSU`s
IN CHEMICALLY GENERATED OXYGEN SYSTEMS AN OXYGEN MODULE IS LOCATED IN EACH PSU THE PASSENGER MASKS WILL BE FOUND IN THE PSU AND WILL DEPLOYED BY GRAVITY ON ACTUATION OF THE DROP OUT MECHANISM EACH SEATING POSITION IN THE CABIN MAY HAVE AN EASILY FITTED MASK SOME AIRCRAFT DO NOT HAVE DROP OUT SYSTEMS AND THE MASKS MAY HAVE TO BE DEPLOYED MANUALLY

OXYGEN GENERATOR

MASKS DISTRIBUTION BLOCK

PSU DOOR

CABIN SYSTEM LAYOUT

THE PASSENGER MASKS ARE NORMALLY CUP SHAPED MOULDINGS WITH AN ELASTICATED HEAD STRAP THE CUP IS DESIGNED TO FIT ALL SIZES FROM BABIES TO ADULTS A RESERVOIR BAG IS FITTED TO THE MASK TO STORE AN IMMEDIATE SUPPLY OF OXYGEN A LANYARD IS CONNECTED TO AN OXYGEN ACTIVATION PIN WHEN THE MASK IS PULLED THE ACTIVATION PIN IS WITHDRAN FROM THE OXYGEN UNIT TO ALLOW THE OXYGEN TO BE DIRECTED TO THE MASK

PLASTIC COIL CLIPS

OYGEN ACTUATION PIN

LANYARD

RESERVOIR BAG HEAD STRAP

FACE MASK

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM

THESE SYSTEMS ARE USED IN PASSENGER SYSTEMS WHERE OXYGEN IS NEEDED ONLY OCCASSIONALLY THESE SYSTEMS ARE WASTEFUL OF OXYGEN BUT DUE TO THEIR SIMPLICITY ARE USED ON MOST AIRCARFT THE OXYGEN IS CARRIED IN A HIGH PRESSURE BOTTLE THE PRESSURE IS REGULATED DOWN TO AROUND 400 PSI BY A PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE THE OXYGEN IS METERED BY A PRESSURE REGULATOR TO AROUND 70 PSI BEFORE IT IS DELIVERED TO THE MASKS

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM

A PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE IS INCORPORATED INTO THE SYSTEM TO PREVENT DAMAGE IN THE EVENT OF A REDUCING VALVE FAILURE

EXCESS PRESSURE IS EVACUATED OVERBOARD THROUGH PIPING TO A BLOW OUT DISC ON THE AIRCRAFTS SKIN
THE DISC BLOWS OUT OVERBOARD GIVING A GREEN VISUAL INDICATOR RING ON THE SKIN ORIFICE

SOME AIRCRAFT DEPLOY A RED STREAMER IN AN OVER PRESSURE CONDITION THORIGH THE BLOW OUT ORIFICE

OVER PRESSURE INDICATION

PIPE ADAPTOR MOISTURE PLUG BOWL

SKIN

NYLON BLOW OUT DISC

CONTINUOUS FLOW MASKS

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEMS USE RE-BREATHER TYPE MASKS THESE MASKS ARE A SIMPLE TRANSPARENT MASK CONNECTED TO A RE-BREATHER BAG

THE MASK IS HELD LOOSELY OVER THE MOUTH AND NOSE BY AN ELASTIC CORD
OXYGEN CONTINUALLY FLOWS INTO THE BAG THROUGH A PLASTIC TUBE CONNECTED TO THE MASK OUTLET IN THE PSU WHEN THE USER EXHALES THE AIR FROM THE LUNGS IT ENTERS THE RE-BREATHER BAG. EXCESS EXHALED AIR IS EXHAUSETD FROM THE MAST

CONTINUOUS FLOW MASKS

INHALING AGAIN THE OXYGEN ENRICHES THE EXHALED AIR IN THE BAG AND THE SUPPLY IS RE-BREATHED MORE SOPHISTICATED CONTINUOUS FLOW MASKS ARE USED IN PRESSURISED AIRCRAFT

IN THE VENT OF A LOSS OF CABIN PRESSURE AN AUTOMATIC VALVE IS TURNED ON TO SEND OXYGEN INTO THE PASSENGER OXYGEN SYSTEM
THE OXYGEN PRESSURE ACTUATES THE DOOR ACTUATOR VALVE WHICH OPENS THE OVERHEAD MASK COMPARTMENTS ON THE PSU PANELS

CONTINUOUS FLOW MASKS

AS THE HINGED PANEL OPENS THE MASKS DROP DOWN WHEN THE PASSENGER PULLS THE MASK AND TUBE A LANYARD PIN IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE OXYGEN VALVE ALLOWING OXYGEN TO FLOW TO THE MASK THE MASK IS PLACED OVER THE MOUTH AND NOSE AND THE PASSENGER IS ABLE TO BREATH THE OXYGENTAED AIR FLAP VALVES IN THE BASE OF EACH MASK ALLOW SOME CABIN AIR TO ENTER THE MASK AND ALLOW EXHALED AIR TO LEAVE IT

CONTINUOUS FLOW MASKS

WHEN THE BAG IS EMPTY, CABIN AIR IS TAKEN INTO THE MASK AND MIXED WITH THE PURE OXYGEN FLOWING FROM THE SUPPLY TUBE DURING EXHALE THE AIR FROM THE LUNGS LEAVES THE MASK THROUGH ONE OF THE VALVES WHILE PURE OXYGEN IS FLOWING FROM THE REGULATOR INTO THE BAG READY FOR THE NEXT INHALATION

DEMAND TYPE SYSTEM

AIRCREW ARE SUPPLIED WITH OXYGEN THROUGH A DILUTER DEMAND TYPE SYSTEM THE SYSTEM METERS OXYGEN ONLY WHEN THE USER INHALES AND THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN METERED DEPENDS ON THE AIRCRAFTS ALTITUDE

ALMOST ALL PRESSURISED AIRCRAFT USE DILUTER DEMAND SYSTEMS FOR THE AIRCREW AND CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEMS FOR THE PASSENGERS

DEMAND TYPE SYSTEM

PORTABLE OXYGEN SYSTEMS

JAR 25 DETAILS THE REGULATIONS PORTABLE OXYGEN SYSTEMS ARE LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE CABIN FOR USE BY THE CABIN CREW

THESE MASKS CAN ALSO BE USED TO HELP BREATHING IN CASE OF FUMES OR SMOKE IN THE CABIN
THERAPUTIC SETS CAN ALSO BE FOUND AND ARE USED FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES SUCH AS WHEN A PASSENGER IS HAVING BREATHING DIFFICULTIES THERAPUTIC SETS CAN DELIVER AN ENRICHED OR PURE OXYGEN SUPPLY

PORTABLE OXYGEN KIT

CONTENTS PRESSURE GAUGE
OUTLETS OXYGEN BOTTLE ON - OFF VALVE

CONTINUOUS FLOW MASK

MASK STOWAGE BAG

RESERVOIR BAG

DROP OUT SYSTEMS

THE MASKS WILL DROP UNDER THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: AUTOMATICALLY WHEN THE CABIN ALTITUDE REACHES 10000 FEET WHEN THE FLIGHT CREW SELECTS IT DROP OUT COULD BE ACTUATED EITHER ELECTRICALLY PNEUMATICALLY OR MANUALLY

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

THE OXYGEN SUPPLY TO THE OXYGEN VALVE ABOVE THE PSU ACTS ON A PLUNGER WHICH PUSHES A SPRING LATCH AND UNLOCKS AND OPENS THE HINGED DROP DOWN PANEL. IT IS ALSO DIRECTED TO A LEAF SPRING VALVE

WHEN THE MASKS DROP OUT OF THE PANEL THE ACTION OF THE PASSENGERS PULLING THE MASKS WITHDRAWS THE LANYARD PIN FROM THE LEAF SPRING VALVE AND STARTS THE FLOW TO THE MASK FROM THE OXYGEN VALVE

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

SHOULD THE CABIN CREW NEED TO TURN OFF THE OXYGEN AT THE PSU BECAUSE THE PASSENGER HAS ALREADY DIED A MANUAL TOGGLE LEVER IS ROTATED ROTATING THE TOGGLE LEVER ACTS AGAINST THE LEAF SPRING VALVE TO CLOSE OFF THE OXYGEN SUPPLY IF THE PSU HINGED PANEL FAILS TO OPEN A MANUAL ACTUATION PIN CAN BE PUSHED WITH A THIN SHARP OBJECT THIS UNLATCHES THE LOCK AND OPENS THE PANEL

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

OXYGEN SUPPLY SUPPLY TO MASK PLUNGER LEAF SPRING VALVE

SPRING LATCH

MASK LANYARD PIN

DROP DOWN HINGED PANEL

MANUAL ACTUATION PIN

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

WHEN OXYGEN IS SELECTED - THE PRESSURE ACTS AGAINST THE PLUNGER

THE PLUNGER OPERATES THE SPRING LATCH

THE PSU HINGED DOOR DROPS OPEN

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

OXYGEN FLOWS TO THE MASK

THE OXYGEN PRESSURE OVERCOMES THE SPRING LEAF VALVE

THE LANYARD PIN IS WITHDAWN BY PULLING THE MASK DOWN

PNEUMATIC DROP OUT SYSTEMS

THE TOGGLE LEVER CAN BE MANUALLY OPERATED TO MOVE THE DIAPHRAGM TO CLOSE THE FLOW TO THE MASK

ELECTRICAL DROP OUT SYSTEMS

THESE SYSTEMS DO NOT USE THE OXYGEN PRESSURE TO OPEN THE DROP DOWN HINGED PANEL

WHEN OXYGEN IS SELECTED BY THE FLIGHT CREW (OR AUTOMATICALLY) A SOLENOID IS ENERGISED WHICH EXTENDS A PLUNGER THE PLUNGER OPERATES THE LATCH SPRING AND THE PANEL OPENS AND DROPS DOWN
AS THE PANEL DROPS DOWN THE MASKS ARE DEPLOYED

ELECTRICAL DROP OUT SYSTEMS

DE-ENERGISED SOLENOID

ELECTRICAL DROP OUT SYSTEMS

WHEN THE SOLENOID ENERGISES THE PLUNGER PUSHES THE LATCH SPRING WHICH ROTATES AND UNLATCHES THE PSU DOOR

SOURCES OF OXYGEN
MOST AIRCRAFT USE GASEOUS OXYGEN SYSTEMS AS THE PRIMARY SOURCE FOR THE AIRCREW AND CHEMICALLY GENERATED SOURCES FOR THE PASSENGERS

SOME AIRCRAFT THAT HAVE CHEMICAL GENERATORS FITTED HAVE HAD THEM REPLACED WITH GASEOUS SYSTEMS DUE TO THE ASSOCIATED FIRE HAZRDS THE MAIN REASON FOR USING GASEOUS OXYGEN SYSTEMS IS ITS AVAILABILITY AT MOST AIRPORTS EVEN THOUGH A CHEMICAL GENERATOR SYSTEM IS MORE LIGHT WEIGHT

SOURCES OF OXYGEN
THE MAIN DISADVANTAGES OF USING GASEOUS SYSTEMS ARE THAT THE OXYGEN IS STORED AT A HIGH PRESSURE

IT REACTS EXPOSIVELY WITH OILS AND GREASES

THE BOTTLES ARE MADE FROM HIGH TENSILE STEEL AND ARE VERY HEAVY MODERN BOTTLES ARE MADE FROM ALLUMINIUM ALLOY WRAPPED IN KEVLAR, CARBON FIBRE OR PLASTIC THE BOTLES ARE PAINTED BLACK WITH A WHITE DOME TOP OR GREEN (USA) AND STENCILLED WITH AVIATION OXYGEN IN WHITE LETTERING

SOURCES OF OXYGEN
THE NUMBER OF STORAGE BOTTLES AND THEIR CAPACITIES DEPENDS UPON THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS AND CREW

THE NORMAL CHARGE FOR THE BOTTLES IS AROUND 1800 PSI WITH A CAPACITY OF 30 - 120 CUBIC FEET
THE BOTTLES WILL HAVE A MANUAL SHUT OFF VALVE AT THE NECK OF THE BOTTLE WHICH ALLOWS THE BOTTLE TO BE REPLACED IN SITU A DIRECT READING PRESSURE GAUGE WILL ALSO BE FITTED AND A PRESSURE TRANSDUCER WILL SEND PRESSURE SIGNALS TO INDICATORS ON THE COCKPIT INSTRUMENTATION

OXYGEN GENERATOR
SOMETIMES KNOWN AS OXYGEN CANDLES

THEY ARE LOCATED IN SUPPORT BRACKETS ABOVE THE PSU

EACH GENERATOR MAY HAVE UP TO 4 OUTLETS ON A MANIFOLD CONNECTING TO EACH OF THE MASKS BY TUBING

THE CASING WILL HAVE A PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE WHICH RELIEVES EXCESSIVE PRESSURES. THIS IS SET TO AROUND 50 PSI
A LANYARD PIN IS LOCKS A FIRING PIN IN POSITION

OXYGEN GENERATOR
PERCUSSION CARTRIDGE

HEAT SHIELD

PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FILTER

FIRING PIN
IRON AND SODIUM CHLORATE CORE

DISTRIBUTION BLOCK

ACTIVATION PIN

LANYARD

OUTLETS TO MASKS

OXYGEN GENERATOR
WHEN THE PIN IS WITHDRAWN BY PULLING DOWN ON A MASK THE FIRING PIN MOVES INWARDS AND DETONATES AN EXPLOSIVE CARTRIDGE
THE CARTRIDGE IGNITES THE SODIUM CHLORATE WSHICH GENEARTES OXYGEN AS PART OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS

THE CORE OF THE GENERATOR IS A SOLID BLOCK OF A BINDED SODIUM CHLORATE AND IRON MIX
AS IT BURNS IT RELEASES OXYGEN AT A PREDETERMINED RATE. THE BLOCK WILL CONTINUE TO BURN UNTIL ALL THE SODIUM CHLORATE IS USED UP

OXYGEN GENERATOR
THE PROCESS IS SELF SUSTAINING AND CANNOT BE SWITCHED OFF. IT BURNS ITSELF OUT APART FROM OXYGEN OTHER BY PRODUCTS OF THE COMBUSTION ARE SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT) AND FERROUS OXIDE (RUST) THE OXYGEN PRODUCED IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA AND TO THE RATE OF COMBUSTION

THE RATE OF COMBUSTION IS DETERMINED BY THE AMOUNT OF IRON IN THE CORE

OXYGEN GENERATOR
THE OXYGEN PRODUCTION IS GREATER AT THE START OF COMBUSTION DUE TO THE LARGER CROSS SECTIONAL ARE OF THE CORE THIS PROVIDES AN INITIAL HIGH OXYGEN OUTPUT DURING THE FIRST FEW MINUTES OF THE EMERGENCY CORE TEMEPRATURE DURING COMBUSTION IS AROUND 450 DEGREES F THE OXYGEN GENERATED IS FED THROUGH A FILTER TO THE OUTLET MANIFOLD AND THEN BY TUBING TO THE MASKS WHEN DISCHARGED A DOLLS EYE INDICATOR WILL CHANGE FROM ORANGE/PURPLE TO BLACK. SOME USE HEAT SENSITIVE TAPE WHICH CHANGES COLOUR

OXYGEN GENERATOR
NORMAL OUTLET PRESURE IS AROUND 10 PSI SO A REGULATOR IS NOT REQUIRED THE DISADVANTAGE OF THE SYSTEM IS THE LARGE AMOUNT OF LOCALISED HEAT GENERATED THE GENERATOR IS WELL INSULATED FROM THE AIRFARME STRUCTURE AGIANST THESE TEMPERATURES THE GENERATORS HAVE A SHELF LIFE. WHEN THIS EXPIRES OR THEY ARE USED THEY ARE REPLACED. UNUSED GENERATORS ARE MADE SAFE BY FITTING A SECONDARY SAFETY PIN THROUGH THE FIRING PIN

SYSTEM CHARGING
GASEOUS SYSTEMS CAN BE CHARGED EITHER ON THE RIRCRAFT FROM PORTABLE BOTTLE CHARGING SETS OR BY REMOVING THE BOTTLE FROM THE AIRCRAFT AND CHARGING IN A DEDICATED CHARGING BAY IT IS THE AIRWORTHNESS AUTHORITY OF THE COUNTRY OF REGISTRATION WHICH DICTATES WHICH SYSTEM IS USED WITH ON AIRCRAFT CHARGING A REGULATED OXYGEN TROLLEY IS USED. THE DELIVERY HOSE IS PURGED BEFORE CONNECTION TO CLEAR THE HOSE OF CONTAMINATION AND MOISTURE

SYSTEM CHARGING
DURING CHARGING THE PROCESS GENERATES HIGH TEMPERATURES IN THE LINES FORM THE CHARGER TO THE BOTTLES THE HEAT IS DISSIPATED THROUGH THERMAL COMPENSATORS THESE COMPENSATORS ARE POROUS SINTERED BRONZE ELEMENTS SOLDERED INSIDE THE PIPELINES THEY ACT AS A HEAT SINK TO DISSIPATE THE HEAT WHILE ALLOWING THE FLOW OF THE OXYGEN TO THE BOTTLES

OXYGEN TROLLEY

DISTRIBUTION
THE HIGH PRESSURE SUPPLY PIPES FROM THE BOTTLE TO THE PRESSURE REGULATOR ARE MADE FROM STAINLESS STEEL OR COPPER BASED ALLOYS

THEY ARE COLOUR CODED ( BLACK RECTANGULAR SYMBOL ON A WHITE BACKGROUND) AND IDENTIFIED WITH BREATHING OXYGEN AT EACH END

THE PIPES FROM THE REGULATOR ARE MADE FROM ALLUMINIUM ALLOY OR PLASTIC

DISTRIBUTION
THE DISTRIBUTION LINES TO THE COCKPIT GO FROM THE STORAGE BOTTLE TO THE COCKPIT PRESSURE REGULATOR TO THE OXYGEN STORAGE BOXES THE CABIN DISTRIBUTION LINES GO FROM THE STORAGE BOTTLE TO THE PRESSURE REGULATOR THEN UP THE SIDE WALLS TO A DISTRIBUTION MANIFOLD RUNNING ALONG THE ROOF

EACH PSU IS CONNECTED TO THE MAIN MANIFOLD

TEST CONNECTIONS ARE INSTALLED IN THE SYTSEM TO ALLOW PRESSURE GAUGES TO BE FITTED FOR SYSTEM TESTING

DILUTER DEMAND TYPE REGULATOR

EMERGENCY LEVER

FLOW METER

OXYGEN LEVER

SUPPLY LEVER

DILUTER DEMAND TYPE REGULATOR

OUTLET TO MASK VENT RELIEF VALVE DEMAND DIAPHRAGM
ON

EMERGENCY LEVER
OFF

DEMAND VALVE

CABIN AIR SUPPLY

100%

FLOW INDICATOR OXYGEN LEVER

NORMAL ON

SUPPLY LEVER
OFF

SUPPLY IN PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE

ANEROID CAPSULE

AIR METERING VALVE

DILUTER DEMAND TYPE REGULATOR

FOR NORMAL OPERATION: THE SUPPLY LEVER IS IN THE ON POSITION THE OXYGEN LEVER IS IN THE NORMAL POSITION

THE EMERGENCY LEVER IS IN THE OFF POSITION

OXYGEN FLOWS INTO THE REGULATOR THROUGH THE SUPPLY VALVE WHEN THE USER INHALES THE PRESSURE INSIDE THE REGULATOR DECREASES AND THE DEMAND VALVE OPENS UNDER ACTION OF THE DEMAND DIAPHRAGM ALLOWING OXYGEN TO FLOW TO THE MASK

DILUTER DEMAND TYPE REGULATOR

THE ANEROID OPERATED AIR METERING VALVE MIXES CABIN AIR WITH THE OXYGEN WHEN FLYING AT LOW ALTITUDES THE MIX IS MOSTLY CABIN AIR AND A SMALL AMOUNT OF OXYGEN AS ALTITUDE INCREASES THE ANEROID EXPANDS AND PROGRESSIVELY SHUTS OFF CABIN AIR AND PROGRESSIVELY OPENING THE OXYGEN LINE AT APPROXIMATELY 34,000 FEET THE CABIN AIR IS SHUT OFF COMPLETELY AND 100% PURE OXYGEN IS FED TO THE MASK

DILUTER DEMAND TYPE REGULATOR

IF THERE IS SMOKE IN THE COCKPIT OR THE USER FEELS A NEED FOR PURE OXYGEN THE OXYGEN LEVER CAN BE MOVED TO THE 100% POSITION
THIS SHUTS OFF CABIN AIR COMPLETELY REGARDLESS OF THE POSITION OF THE ANEROID METERING VALVE 100% PURE OXYGEN IS FED TO THE MASK WHEN THE USER INHALES IF THE REGULATOR MALFUNCTIONS THE EMERGENCY LEVER IS PLACED IN THE ON POSITION THIS OPENS THE DEMAND VALVE AND PURE OXYGEN FLOWS TO THE MASK CONTINUOUSLY

THE ANEROID CAPSULE SETS THE METERING VALVE DEPENDING UPON ALTITUDE

CABIN AIR

AT LOWER ALTITUDES MORE CABIN AIR IS SUPPLIED THAN OXYGEN

THE ANEROID CAPSULE SETS THE METERING VALVE DEPENDING UPON ALTITUDE

CABIN AIR

AT HIGHER ALTITUDES MORE OXYGEN IS SUPPLIED THAN CABIN AIR

OXYGEN SUPPLIED TO DEMAND VALVE READY FOR USE

SUPPLY LEVER SWITCHED TO ON

USER INHALES

THE PRESSURE DROP IN THE REGULATOR OPENS THE DEMAND VALVE

OXYGEN FLOWS THROUGH THE DEMAND VALVE INTO THE REGULATOR

THE DEMAND VALVE CLOSES WHEN THE AIR HAS STOPPED BEING INHALED

WHEN THE USER INHALES 100% OXYGEN IS SUPPLIED

OXYGEN LEVER

MOVING THE OXYGEN LEVER TO 100% SHUTS OFF THE CABIN AIR COMPLETELY

100% PURE OXYGEN IS FED TO THE MASK AT A CONTINUOUS FLOW

EMERGENCY LEVER

OPERATING THE EMERGENCY LEVER AT ANY TIME OPENS THE DEMAND VALVE

CONTINUOUS FLOW REGULATOR

THESE REGULATORS CAN BE FULLY AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL THE AUTOMATIC REGULATOR CONTAINS AN ANEROID CAPSULE THAT SENSES THE AIRCRAFTS ALTITUDE AND METERS THE CORRECT FLOW FOR THE ALTITUDE THE MANUAL REGULATOR HAS ACONTROL VALVE WHICH ALLOWS THE PILOT TO ADJUST THE FLOW RATE BASED ON THE ALTITUDE A CALIBRATED ORIFICE IN THE MASK OUTLET DETERMINES THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN DELIVERED TO THE MASK

INDICATIONS AND WARNINGS

PRESSURE GAUGE ON OXYGEN CONTROL PANEL LOW PRESSURE WARNING LIGHT ON OXYGEN CONTROL PANEL
CWP CAPTION AND AMBER WARNING LIGHTS AND CHIME WHEN LO PR FAULT LIGHT ILLUMINATES