ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND RECIPROCATING MACHINES CHAPTER ONE- Group Assignment Submission date: 27/1172012 1. Indicate the approximate crank angle at which the following events in four stroke and two stroke internal combustion engine cycles occur on a line representing the full cycle (7200 for the four stroke cycle; and 360 0 for the two stroke cycle engine): bottom dead center and top dead center crank position, inlet and exhaust or port opening and closing position, start of combustion process, end of combustion process and maximum cylinder pressure. 2. Suggest reasons why multi-cylinder engine prove more attractive than single cylinder engines once the total engine displaced volume exceeds a hundred cubic centimeters 3. Two automobile engines have the same total displacement volume and the same total power produced within the cylinders. List the possible advantages of: (a) A V6 over a straight six. (b) A V8 over a V6. (c) A V6 over a V8. (d) An opposed cylinder four over a straight four. (e) An in-line six over an in-line four. 4. The Wankel rotary spark-ignition engine, while lighter and more compact than a reciprocating spark-ignition engine of equal maximum power, why does the former has worst efficiency as compared to the later 5. Explain why the brake mean effective pressure of a naturally aspirated spark ignition engine is higher than that of a naturally aspirated diesel engine. Explain why the bmep is lower at maximum rated power for the given engine than the bmep at maximum torque 6. List five differences between SI engines and CI engines. 7. A four-stroke cycle engine may not have a pressure boost (supercharger, turbocharger) in the intake system. Why must a two-stroke cycle engine always have an intake pressure boost? 8. List two advantages of a two-stroke cycle engine over a four-stroke cycle engine 9. 1 List two advantages of a four-stroke cycle engine over a two-stroke cycle engine. Compiled by Desta Lemma

10. a) Why do most very small engines operate on a two-stroke cycle? (b) Why do most very large engines operate on a two-stroke cycle? (c) Why do most automobile engines operate on a four-stroke cycle? (d) Why would it be desirable to operate automobile engines on a two-stroke cycle? 11. Indicate on an appropraite sketch the different forces that act on the piston, and the direction of these forces during the engines expansion stroke with the piston, connecting rod and the crankshaft position shown in figure below.

12. The two stroke cycle has twice as many power strokes per crank revolution as the four stroke cycle. However, two stroke cycle engine power outputs per unit displaced volume are less than twice the power output of an equivalent four stroke cycle engine at the same engine speed. Suggest reasons why this potential advantage of the two stroke cycle is offset in practice?

Compiled by Desta Lemma