APPENDIX C

FORTRAN PROGRAMS FOR VARIOUS FLOW CONFIGURATIONS

1. Crossflow
USE NUMERICAL_LIBRARIES
IMPLICIT NONE
C

DECLARATION OF VARIABLES
INTEGER NN, NP, IDO, NOUT
PARAMETER (NN=18, NP=100)
EXTERNAL FCN
REAL ADUM, A, Y(NN),TOL, PARAM(50)

ADUM = MEMBRANE AREA, A = TOTAL MEMBRANE AREA OF MODULE

C
C

Y(1) = F1 = FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE OF COMPONENT 1

Y(2) = F = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE
OPEN (UNIT = 1, FILE = 'OUTCF.TXT')
A = 100.0

VALUES OF PARAMETERS RELATED TO THE NUMERICAL METHOD

IDO = 1
TOL = 0.5
PARAM(4) = 50000

INITIAL VALUES
ADUM = 0.0
Y(1) = 0.1
Y(2) = 10.0
Y(3) = Y(2)
Y(4) = 0.3
Y(5) = 0.4
Y(6) = 0.00025
Y(7) = 1.27E-7
Y(8) = 1.70E-7
Y(9) = 4.816
Y(10) = 23.0
Y(11) = 0.0011
Y(12) = 9.06E-4
Y(13) = 55.56
Y(14) = 9.96E-10
Y(15) = 0.57
Y(16) = 0.46
Y(17) = 0.33
Y(18) = 0.0
CALL IVPRK (IDO, NN, FCN, ADUM, A, TOL, PARAM, Y)
WRITE (1,100)

178

100

FORMAT (2X, 'AREA', 9X, 'Y1', 11X, 'Y2')

WRITE (1,'(3F12.3)') ADUM, Y(1), Y(2)
END

SUBROUTINE FCN(NN, ADUM, Y, YPRIME)

REAL Y(18), YPRIME(18), ADUM
C
C

Y(1) = F1 = FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE OF COMPONENT 1

Y(2) = F = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE
INTEGER NN,I
REAL L, P1, P2, H1, H2

C
C
C

L = MEMBRANE THICKNESS, P1 = PERMEABILITY OF COMPONENT 1,

P2 = PERMEABILITY OF COMPONENT 2,
H1, H2 ARE REFERRED TO AS HENRY'S CONSTANTS
REAL FINIT,UINIT,D, DH, LTH, MU, ROL, A1, B1,C1,D1,A11

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

FINIT = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE AT ENTRANCE

UINIT = FEED-SIDE VELOCITY AT ENTRANCE
D = DIFFUSIVITY OF COMPONENT 1 IN COMPONENT2
DH = HYDRAULIC DIAMETER ON THE FEED-SIDE
LTH = LENGTH OF MEMBRANE MODULE
MU = VISCOSITY OF THE SOLUTION
ROL = DENSITY OF THE SOLUTION
A1,B1,C1,D1,A11 ARE COEFFICENTS FOR THE MASS TRANSFER CORRELATION
REAL U, KBL1, X1, B, C, Z, Y1

C
C
C
C
C
C
C

U = FEED-SIDE VELOCITY
KBL1 = BOUNDARY LAYER MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
X1 = FEED-SIDE MOLE FRACTION
Y1 = PERMEATE SIDE MOLE FRACTION
B,C = COEFFICIENTS FOR THE QUADRATIC EQUATION OBTAINED FOR CROSS
FLOW
Z = DUMMY VARIABLE
REAL PPERM, KOV1, KOV2

C
C
C

PPERM = PERMEATE-SIDE PRESSURE

KOV1, KOV2 = OVERALL MASS TRANSFER COEFFICENTS FOR COMPONENTS 1
AND 2

EXPLICIT ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS

PPERM = Y(5)
L = Y(6)
P1 = Y(7)
P2 = Y(8)

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H1 = Y(9)
H2 = Y(10)
FINIT = Y(3)
UINIT = Y(4)
C--------------------------------------------------------------------------------C
DATA REQD TO CALC MASS TRANSFER COEFF.
C
CORREL FOR SPIRAL WOUND MODULE FROM HICKEY GOODING IS USED HERE
C--------------------------------------------------------------------------------D = Y(14)
DH = Y(11)
LTH = ADUM/2.0/(FINIT/UINIT/DH)
C
C
C

FOR HOLLOW FIBERS, LTH = ADUM/(3.1416*DH*NFIBERS),

WHERE NFIBERS=NO. OF HOLLOW FIBERS IN PARALLEL
= FINIT/UINIT/(3.1416*D**2/4)
MU = Y(12)
ROL = Y(13)
A1 = Y(15)
B1 = Y(16)
C1 = Y(17)
D1 = Y(18)
A11 = D/DH*A1*(DH*ROL/MU)**B1*(MU/ROL/D)**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1

C
C
C

Sh = KBL1*DH/D = A1*Re**B1*Sc**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1
HENCE, KBL1= D/DH*A1*(DH*U*ROL/MU)**B1*(MU/ROL/D)**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1
= A11*U**B1

C---------------------------------------------------------------------------------C
PERVAPORATION MODEL
C---------------------------------------------------------------------------------U = Y(2)/FINIT*UINIT
KBL1 = A11*U**B1
KOV1 = 1.0/(L/P1 + 1.0/KBL1)
KOV2 = P2/L
X1 = Y(1)/Y(2)
B = - ((KOV1 - KOV2)*X1 + KOV2 )/(KOV1*PPERM/H1 - KOV2*PPERM/H2) - 1
C = KOV1*X1/(KOV1*PPERM/H1 - KOV2*PPERM/H2)
IF (C.GE.0) THEN
Z = 1.0
ELSE
Z = -1.0
ENDIF

180

Y1 = (-B-Z*(B**2.0-4.0*C)**0.5)/2.0
YPRIME(1)=-(KOV1*ROL*(X1-Y1*PPERM/H1))
YPRIME(2)=-(KOV1*ROL*(X1-Y1*PPERM/H1) +
1KOV2*ROL*((1-X1)-(1-Y1)*PPERM/H2))
DO I = 3,18
YPRIME(I) = 0.0
ENDDO
RETURN
END

2. Cocurrent Flow
USE NUMERICAL_LIBRARIES
IMPLICIT NONE
C

DECLARATION OF VARIABLES
INTEGER NN, NP, IDO, NOUT
PARAMETER (NN=20, NP=100)
EXTERNAL FCN
REAL ADUM, A, Y(NN),TOL, PARAM(50)

ADUM = MEMBRANE AREA, A = TOTAL MEMBRANE AREA OF MODULE

C
C

Y(1) = F1 = FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE OF COMPONENT 1

Y(2) = F = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE
OPEN (UNIT = 1, FILE = 'OUTCF.TXT')
A = 100.0

VALUES OF PARAMETERS RELATED TO THE NUMERICAL METHOD

IDO = 1
TOL = 0.5
PARAM(4) = 50000

INITIAL VALUES
ADUM = 0.0
Y(1) = 0.1
Y(2) = 10.0
Y(3) = 0.0
Y(4) = 1.0E-8
Y(5) = Y(2)
Y(6) = 0.3
Y(7) = 0.4
Y(8) = 0.00025

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Y(9) = 1.27E-7
Y(10) = 1.70E-7
Y(11) = 4.816
Y(12)= 23.0
Y(13) = 0.0011
Y(14) = 9.06E-4
Y(15) = 55.56
Y(16) = 9.96E-10
Y(17) = 0.57
Y(18) = 0.46
Y(19) = 0.33
Y(20) = 0.0
CALL IVPRK (IDO, NN, FCN, ADUM, A, TOL, PARAM, Y)
WRITE (1,100)
100 FORMAT (2X, 'AREA', 9X, 'Y1', 11X, 'Y2')
WRITE (1,'(3F12.3)') ADUM, Y(1), Y(2)
END

SUBROUTINE FCN(NN, ADUM, Y, YPRIME)

REAL Y(20), YPRIME(20), ADUM
C
C

Y(1) = F1 = FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE OF COMPONENT 1

Y(2) = F = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE
INTEGER NN,I
REAL L, P1, P2, H1, H2

C
C
C

L = MEMBRANE THICKNESS, P1 = PERMEABILITY OF COMPONENT 1,

P2 = PERMEABILITY OF COMPONENT 2,
H1, H2 ARE REFERRED TO AS HENRY'S CONSTANTS
REAL FINIT,UINIT,D, DH, LTH, MU, ROL, A1, B1,C1,D1,A11

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

FINIT = TOTAL FEED-SIDE MOLAR FLOW RATE AT ENTRANCE

UINIT = FEED-SIDE VELOCITY AT ENTRANCE
D = DIFFUSIVITY OF COMPONENT 1 IN COMPONENT2
DH = HYDRAULIC DIAMETER ON THE FEED-SIDE
LTH = LENGTH OF MEMBRANE MODULE
MU = VISCOSITY OF THE SOLUTION
ROL = DENSITY OF THE SOLUTION
A1,B1,C1,D1,A11 ARE COEFFICENTS FOR THE MASS TRANSFER CORRELATION
REAL U, KBL1, X1, B, C, Z, Y1

C
C
C
C

U = FEED-SIDE VELOCITY
KBL1 = BOUNDARY LAYER MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
X1 = FEED-SIDE MOLE FRACTION
Y1 = PERMEATE SIDE MOLE FRACTION

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C B,C = COEFFICIENTS FOR THE QUADRATIC EQUATION OBTAINED FOR CROSS

FLOW
C Z = DUMMY VARIABLE
REAL PPERM, KOV1, KOV2
C PPERM = PERMEATE-SIDE PRESSURE
C KOV1, KOV2 = OVERALL MASS TRANSFER COEFFICENTS FOR COMPONENTS 1
AND 2
C

EXPLICIT ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS

PPERM = Y(7)
L = Y(8)
P1 = Y(9)
P2 = Y(10)
H1 = Y(11)
H2 = Y(12)
FINIT = Y(5)
UINIT = Y(6)

C--------------------------------------------------------------------------------C DATA REQD TO CALC MASS TRANSFER COEFF.

C CORREL FOR SPIRAL WOUND MODULE FROM HICKEY GOODING IS USED HERE
C--------------------------------------------------------------------------------D = Y(16)
DH = Y(13)
LTH = ADUM/2.0/(FINIT/UINIT/DH)
C FOR HOLLOW FIBERS, LTH = ADUM/(3.1416*DH*NFIBERS),
C WHERE NFIBERS=NO. OF HOLLOW FIBERS IN PARALLEL = FINIT/UINIT/
(3.1416*D**2/4)
MU = Y(14)
ROL = Y(15)
A1 = Y(17)
B1 = Y(18)
C1 = Y(19)
D1 = Y(20)
A11 = D/DH*A1*(DH*ROL/MU)**B1*(MU/ROL/D)**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1
C
C
C

Sh = KBL1*DH/D = A1*Re**B1*Sc**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1
KBL1 = D/DH*A1*(DH*U*ROL/MU)**B1*(MU/ROL/D)**C1*(DH/LTH)**D1
= A11*U**B1

C---------------------------------------------------------------------------------C PERVAPORATION MODEL

C---------------------------------------------------------------------------------U = Y(2)/FINIT*UINIT

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KBL1 = A11*U**B1
KOV1 = 1.0/(L/P1 + 1.0/KBL1)
KOV2 = P2/L
B = - ((KOV1 - KOV2)*Y(1)/Y(2) + KOV2 )/(KOV1*PPERM/H1 - KOV2*PPERM/H2) - 1
C = KOV1*Y(1)/Y(2)/(KOV1*PPERM/H1 - KOV2*PPERM/H2)
IF (C.GE.0) THEN
Z = 1.0
ELSE
Z = -1.0
ENDIF
YPRIME(1)=-(KOV1*ROL*(Y(1)/Y(2)-Y(3)/Y(4)*PPERM/H1))
YPRIME(2)=-(KOV1*ROL*(Y(1)/Y(2)-Y(3)/Y(4)*PPERM/H1) +
1KOV2*ROL*((1-Y(1)/Y(2))-(1-Y(3)/Y(4))*PPERM/H2))
YPRIME(3)=(KOV1*ROL*(Y(1)/Y(2)-Y(3)/Y(4)*PPERM/H1))
YPRIME(4)=(KOV1*ROL*(Y(1)/Y(2)-Y(3)/Y(4)*PPERM/H1) +
1KOV2*ROL*((1-Y(1)/Y(2))-(1-Y(3)/Y(4))*PPERM/H2))
DO I = 5,20
YPRIME(I) = 0.0
ENDDO
RETURN
END

184