SQL commands

I have a column that stores names composed of varying numbers of words. For example, one, two, three, or even more words separated by a single space might constitute a name. I want to update the column values so that the first letter of each word in the name is uppercase and all the other letters are lowercase.

Command
UPDATE titles SET title = UPPER(LEFT(title, 1)) + LOWER(RIGHT(title, LEN(title) - 1))

Example SQL String Function - LEFT

-Returns left part of a string with the specified number of characters.

Syntax - LEFT ( string , integer) SELECT LEFT('TravelYourself', 6) -- Value = Travel SELECT LEFT('BeautyCentury',6) -- Value = Beauty Example SQL String Function - RIGHT
-Returns right part of a string with the specified number of characters.

Syntax - RIGHT( string , integer) SELECT RIGHT('TravelYourself', 6) -- Value = urself SELECT RIGHT('BeautyCentury',6) -- Value = Century Example SQL String Function - SUBSTRING
-Returns part of a string.

Syntax - SUBSTRING ( string, startindex , length )

SELECT SUBSTRING('SQLServer', 4, 3) -- Value = Ser

Example SQL String Function - LEN

-Returns number of characters in a string.

Syntax - LEN( string) SELECT LEN('SQLServer') -- Value = 9 Example SQL String Function - LOWER
-Convert string to lowercase.

Syntax - LOWER( string ) SELECT LOWER('SQLServer') -- Value = sqlserver

Example SQL String Function - UPPER -Convert string to Uppercase. Syntax - UPPER( string ) SELECT UPPER('sqlserver') -- Value = SQLSERVER Example SQL String Function - LTRIM
-Returns a string after removing leading blanks on Left side.

Syntax - LTRIM( string ) SELECT LTRIM(' sqlserver') -- Value = 'sqlserver' (Remove left side space or blanks)

Example SQL String Function - RTRIM

-Returns a string after removing leading blanks on Right side.

Syntax - RTRIM( string ) SELECT RTRIM('SqlServer ') -- Value = 'SqlServer' (Remove right side space or blanks)

SQL UCASE() Function The UCASE() Function The UCASE() function converts the value of a field to uppercase. SQL UCASE() Syntax SELECT UCASE(column_name) FROM table_name Syntax for SQL Server SELECT UPPER(column_name) FROM table_name SQL UCASE() Example We have the following "Persons" table: P_Id 1 2 3 LastName Hansen Svendson Pettersen FirstName Ola Tove Kari Address Timoteivn 10 Borgvn 23 Storgt 20 City Sandnes Sandnes Stavanger

Now we want to select the content of the "LastName" and "FirstName" columns above, and convert the "LastName" column to uppercase. We use the following SELECT statement: SELECT UCASE(LastName) as LastName,FirstName FROM Persons The result-set will look like this: LastName HANSEN SVENDSON FirstName Ola Tove

PETTERSEN

Kari

SQL LCASE() Function The LCASE() Function The LCASE() function converts the value of a field to lowercase. SQL LCASE() Syntax SELECT LCASE(column_name) FROM table_name Syntax for SQL Server SELECT LOWER(column_name) FROM table_name SQL LCASE() Example We have the following "Persons" table: P_Id 1 2 3 LastName Hansen Svendson Pettersen FirstName Ola Tove Kari Address Timoteivn 10 Borgvn 23 Storgt 20 City Sandnes Sandnes Stavanger

Now we want to select the content of the "LastName" and "FirstName" columns above, and convert the "LastName" column to lowercase. We use the following SELECT statement: SELECT LCASE(LastName) as LastName,FirstName FROM Persons The result-set will look like this:

LastName hansen svendson pettersen

FirstName Ola Tove Kari

SQL Statement AND / OR

Syntax SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND|OR condition

ALTER TABLE

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype or ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name

AS (alias)

SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name or SELECT column_name FROM table_name AS table_alias

BETWEEN

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2

CREATE DATABASE CREATE TABLE

CREATE DATABASE database_name CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, column_name2 data_type, ... )

CREATE INDEX

CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name) or CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)

CREATE VIEW

CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition

DELETE

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE some_column=some_value or DELETE FROM table_name (Note: Deletes the entire table!!) DELETE * FROM table_name (Note: Deletes the entire table!!)

DROP DATABASE DROP INDEX

DROP DATABASE database_name DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server) DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access) DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle) ALTER TABLE table_name DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL)

DROP TABLE GROUP BY

DROP TABLE table_name SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name

HAVING

SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)

FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value IN SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..) INSERT INTO INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) or INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...) VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) INNER JOIN SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 INNER JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name LEFT JOIN SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name RIGHT JOIN SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name FULL JOIN SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name

LIKE

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern

ORDER BY

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]

SELECT SELECT * SELECT DISTINCT SELECT INTO

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name SELECT * FROM table_name SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s) FROM table_name SELECT * INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase] FROM old_table_name or SELECT column_name(s) INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase] FROM old_table_name

SELECT TOP TRUNCATE TABLE UNION

SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s) FROM table_name TRUNCATE TABLE table_name SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

UNION ALL

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

UPDATE

UPDATE table_name SET column1=value, column2=value,...

WHERE some_column=some_value WHERE SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value