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Types of Dentition
1. Deciduous (baby) teeth a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth. b. Arches - maxillary and mandibular. c. Quadrants - each arch divided in half. (1) Maxillary right and left. (2) Mandibular right and left.
Enamel is thinner, pulp is thicker
Deciduous Teeth
d. Teeth in each quadrant. (1) Central incisor (2) Lateral incisor (3) Cuspid (4) 1st molar (5) 2nd molar
Types of Dentition
2. Permanent teeth. a. Thirty-two (32) permanent teeth. b. Arches - maxillary & mandibular.
Permanent Teeth
c. Quadrants. (1) Maxillary right and left.
(2) Mandibular right and left.
R L
Permanent Teeth
d.
Permanent Teeth
(4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1st bicuspid 2nd bicuspid 1st molar 2nd molar 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)
2.Universal System
3.International FDI System (two digit system)
Right
8-1
7 8 4 5 4
Left
1-8
5 6
7 8
8-1
1 2 3
5 4
1-8
The permanent teeth are numbered from 1-8 on each side from the midline.
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Upper right
1 2 3 4 5
Upper left
6 7 8
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Lower right
1 2 3 4 5
Lower left
6 7 8
A-E
E-A
A-E
The deciduous teeth are lettered from A-E on each side from the midline Upper right E E D D C C B B A A A A B B Upper left C C D D E E
Lower right
Lower left
U.R. 1
L.R. 4
2
3
U.L.
L. L.
U.R.
L.R.
5
8
6
7
U.L
L.L.
17 18
48
26 27 28
1 2 4 3
47 36 46 35 45 44 34 43 42 41 31 3233
38 37
Permanent teeth
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
64
5 8
65
7
75
74 82 81 71 72
73
5
8
6 7
Primary Teeth
55 54 53 52 51 85 84 83 82 81 61 62 63 64 65 71 72 73 74 75
Figure from Ten Cates Oral Histology, Ed., Antonio Nanci, 6th edition
Remember that during all these 3 stages is the progression that happens from primary to permanent dentition which involves the shedding (exfoliation) of primary teeth Dentition: Diphodont: two sets of dentition in humans Primary vs Secondary dentition Deciduous vs Permanent dentition Mixed dentition: presence of two dentition
Teeth in primary dentition are smaller and fewer in number than permanent dentition to conform to the smaller jaw size
Primary dentition: ~ 2 to 6 years of age Mixed dentition: ~ 6 to 12 years Permanent dentition: > 12 years
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
Clinical crown: During eruption, the exposed crown extending from the cusp tip to the area of the gingival attachment Anatomic crown: Entire crown, extending from cusp tip to the cementoenamel (CE) junction
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
Summary
1. 2. 3. 4. By 5 months in utero, all crowns started calcification By 1 year old, all crowns completed formation By 2.5 years, all primary teeth erupted By 4 years old, all primary teeth completed root formation
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
The rules of Fours for permanent tooth development (3rd molars not included)
At birth, four 1st molars have initiated calcification At 4 years of age, all crowns have initiated calcification At 8 years, all crowns are completed At 12 years, all crowns emerge At 16 years, all roots are complete
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
6 weeks old in utero: beginning of dental development 6 months old: emergence of the first primary tooth 6 years old: emergence of first permanent tooth
Source: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/dental/d9903/lectures/lecture4.pdf
Ankylosis
Source: Color atlas of clinical oral pathology. Neville, Damm and White. 2nd edition
Cleidocranial Dysplasia