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Intracranial pressure is the pressure exerted by the cranium on the brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and the brain's circulating blood volume. An increase in pressure, most commonly due to head injury leading to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema can crush brain tissue, shift brain structures, contribute to hydrocephalus, cause the brain to herniate, and restrict blood supply to the brain. If left untreated the patient may result to coma or
Intracranial pressure is the pressure exerted by the cranium on the brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and the brain's circulating blood volume. An increase in pressure, most commonly due to head injury leading to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema can crush brain tissue, shift brain structures, contribute to hydrocephalus, cause the brain to herniate, and restrict blood supply to the brain. If left untreated the patient may result to coma or
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Intracranial pressure is the pressure exerted by the cranium on the brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and the brain's circulating blood volume. An increase in pressure, most commonly due to head injury leading to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema can crush brain tissue, shift brain structures, contribute to hydrocephalus, cause the brain to herniate, and restrict blood supply to the brain. If left untreated the patient may result to coma or
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EXPLANATION OUTCOME S>Ø Decreased Intracranial Intracranial pressure, Short term: >Establish rapport >To gain the client and The SO shall have O> the pt. manifested Adaptive Capacity r/t (ICP), is the pressure SO’s trust. understand the the ff. Space- Occupying exerted by the cranium After 1-2° of NI the SO >Monitor VS. >To obtain data for client’s condition Lesion. on the brain tissue, will be able to >Monitor/document comparison. and be able perform Altered mental cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), understand the client’s changes in ICP waveform >To alter care actively in status and the brain's condition and be able and responses to stimuli. appropriately. promoting the Speech circulating blood volume. perform actively in >Assess eye opening and clients condition abnormalities ICP is a dynamic promoting the clients position/movement, > To note degree of having now a higher Restlessness phenomenon constantly condition having now a Pupils (size, equality, impairment level of Changes in fluctuating in response to higher level of light reactivity), understanding of mental state activities such as understanding of the purposeful and non- the client’s AEB (-) pupil exercise, coughing, client’s condition and purposeful motor condition and reaction to straining, arterial complications that may response comparing left complications that light, flexion on pulsation, and respiratory occur. and right sides, presence may occur. pain, no verbal cycle. An increase in of reflexes, nuchal response. pressure, most commonly Long term: rigidity, consciousness The client shall have due to head injury and mental state. >To increase SO’s demonstrated leading to intracranial After 6-7 days of NI the >Provide information understanding of the stable ICP AEB hematoma or cerebral client will be able to about the client’s client’s condition and normalization of edema can crush brain demonstrate stable ICP condition including the will be able to decide pressure tissue, shift brain AEB normalization of complications which may properly for the client’s waveforms/response structures, contribute to pressure arise once untreated care. to stimuli. hydrocephalus, cause the waveforms/response to >To promote brain to herniate, and stimuli. >Elevate HOB and circulation/venous restrict blood supply to maintain head/neck in drainage the brain, leading to an midline/neutral position ischemic cascade. If left >Decrease extraneous >To reduce CNS untreated the patient stimuli/provide comfort stimulation and may result to coma or measures promote relaxation. worst death. >Limit activities that >To decrease factors increases which may contribute in intrathoracic/abdominal further increasing ICP. pressure >To pharmacologically manage client’s >Administer medications condition and maintain as ordered (e.g. homeostasis antihypertensives, diuretics, analgesics, antipyretics, vasopressors, antiseizure, >To reduce ICP and neuromuscular blocking enhance circulation agents, and corticostreiods) >To have a continuous >Prepare pt. for surgery client’s care as indicated (Space Occupying Lesion) >Refer accordingly
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