PREPARED BY :

EN. MUHD FAZLI B. DOLLAH

SBP INTEGRASI GOPENG
 LEARNING
OUTCOMES
• To select & practice
suitable ways to maintain
a healthy cardiovascular
system
 CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE
• The dysfunctional conditions of the
heart & blood vessels that supply
oxygen to vital organs (brain,
heart). The organs & tissues will
die if oxygen does not arrive.

• CD is the biggest killer in Malaysia

• Atherosclerosis, hypertension,
thrombosis, embolism, angina,
arrhythmia, heart attack, stroke
 RISK FACTORS
• High levels of blood cholesterol often
associated with the diet rich in
saturated fats & cholesterol
• Family history (genetic)
• Age – older people are more at risk
• Obesity
• Cigarette smoking – increase the risk
of atherosclerosis & thrombosis
• Sedentary lifestyle – poor blood
circulation
 Maintain a
Healthy
Cardiovascular
• Proper nutrition
System
– Limit intake of high cholesterol foods
(fatty meat, organ meat, lard, butter,
cheese, egg yolk, prawns, squids)
– Limit total fat intake : reduce deep
fried & oily foods
– Minimise sodium intake : raise blood
pressure (table salt, soy sauce, MSG)
– Eat more soluble-fibre foods (oats,
barley, legumes)
 – Eat more fruits & vegetables – rich in
antioxidants (vit. A, C & E)
– Include omega-3 fatty acids in diet –
reduce the risk of cardiovascular
diseases (mackerel, tuna & salmon)

• Healthy lifestyle
– Do not smoke : nicotine constricts
blood vessels, carbon monoxide decrease
the oxygen intake.
– Engage in moderate exercise
– Rest & relax : have sufficient sleep
– Maintain a healthy weight
 EXERCISE 1.6
1. Cardiovascular diseases are disorders of
the …………………. and the …………….
2. The narrowing of the lumen of the
arteries due to gradual deposits of
cholesterol and fats causes a condition
known as ……………………
3. List FIVE risk factors for cardiovascular
diseases.