OPERATION MAINTENANCE | OF ELECTRICAL — EQUIPMENT |“ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT VOLUME I B. ¥. S. Rao B.E, (ELEC), A.M.LE. (INDIA), A.M.I.E.E, (LOND. Chief Electrical Engineer, Electrification, Calcutta ep a MEDIA PROMOTERS & PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD. BOMBAY© B.V.S. Rao 1963 FOREWORD Rao (b. 1909) Pananlocd: Vesirioramo Seryareyayste At? It is now universally recognised that Electricity ia the ideal servant in the service of mankind. It is the most versatile labour-saving | source in our homes, in industry, in agriculture and in numerous i other fields, to make the life of the community more comfortable and enjoyable. The extent to which a nation has developed the use of electricity is a sure index of the standard of living of its people, and of its own economic prosperity, Electricity has become so indispens- able that it is no longer a luxury, but an economic necessity for any nation, The present state of electrical development in India is quite insigni- ficant. The per capita production of electricity in India in 1957 was about 28 units per annum as against four digit figures in some of the advanced countries. Most of the electricity developed has catered } for urban and industrial demands and only about 2.35 kWh of energy All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanleal, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Author or publisher. First Edition 1 1963 per capita is used for domestic lighting and small power. The use of Reprinted s 1967 electricity in commercial premises, small, medium and large industries Reprinted 5 1973, | and for irrigation and agricultural purposes, is also very small. The pepined : 1977 | growth of industries in recent years has, however, been mainly due to Reprinted : 1978 the use of electricity. Electrification in industry results in the provi- | Reprinted 1980 | sion of more congenial environments for workers and increased Reprinted 1982 | production of better quality goods at lower prices for the consumers. Reprinted 4 1984 | Electricity is safe to use bul may become dangerous in careless Reprinted Has hands and may cause fire, damage and fatal or non-fatal accidents to Reprinted 1987 personnel, unless appropriate elementary precautions are taken. This ; 988 na 5 3 f 3 Reprinted teas ilar) danger from electricity can be avoided by using good quality equip- Reprinied ia ment and materials, by proper wiring and installation, as well as Rerisied hs efficient maintenance and upkeep of protective devices, Bena 1997 | Under normal conditions, the construction and general arrangement 3 of electrical equipment ensure safe and efficient operation, but un- + 81-85099-19-7 | fortunately, if they are not looked after properly, conditions may ISBN: | arise in the courte of normal usage ta render even the safest equipment | a menace to persons.and property. It may be of interest to note that despite the present low state of electrical development in. India, the Printed in India number of electrical accidents is very high; as compared with similar At Paramount Litho & Offset Works, Bombay-400 011. a figures in other countries having a very much higher electricity con- and Published by Mrs. Lily Jayasinghe sumption, In British and Aimerican factories, there has been a fairly for Media Promoters & Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Bombay-400 007, i i a