Module - Vegetable Production - Farmers Session - ANEP - Winter & Off Season

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Training Module for Farmers on Improved Production Technologies of Vegetable
Agriculture and Nutrition Extension Project
European Union(EU)

Developed on February,2011.

International Development Enterprises

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Training Module for Farmers on Improved Production Technologies of Vegetable (Training guide for the
Agriculture and Nutrition Extension Project benificiares) Developed by iDE- Bangladesh, Dhaka, Funded by
International Development Enterprises- Bangladesh, Dhaka
(Training guide for the
Bangladesh, Dhaka, Funded by

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0.9 0.1 3.5 260 1.8 255 0.01
0.4 0.1 1.9 30 0.8 - 0.06
3.8 0.7 6.7 210 1.7 187 0.10
0.5 0.3 3.3 26 0.3 96 0.04
1.6 0.1 3.5 14 1.5 - 0.16
1.1 0.1 15.1 26 0.7 - 0.01
1.9 0.1 3.6 20 1.8 192 0.07
103 1.6 0.1 23.7 11 1.2 2340 0.17
3.2 0.1 11.4 21 5.3 750 0.04
0.9 0.2 5.9 19 0.6 - 0.02
3.0 0.2 9.0 33 5.9 - 0.14
1.3 0.2 4.7 31 0.8 - 0.06
2.6 0.4 17.3 11 0.6 - 0.09
1.8 2.9 2.2 28 0.9 850 0.12
0.9 0.8 6.4 13 0.9 560 0.40
1.8 0.6 4.3 16 0.5 670 0.11
2.1 0.3 17.4 36 - 410 0.08
1.8 0.1 8.7 116 1.5 1670 0.04
2.4 0.6 4.1 20 1.7 790 0.30
2.5 0.1 4.3 14 1.8 1450 0.04
2.6 0.1 7.5 41 1.5 - 0.027
1.4 0.5 4.5 48 0.7 7200 0.07
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3.9 1.5 6.8 227 10.0 10278 0.22
5.3 0.1 5.0 378 - 11940 0.10
1.8 0.1 94 107 3.9 10740 .014
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0.18 10
0.01 1
0.05 9
0.06 -
0.02 5
0.02 4
0.01 31
0.16 125
0.02 45
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0.05 3
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2.2 0.2 4.2 164 10.0 12750 0.02
108 0.2 3.3 80 25.5 10100 0.26
2.1 0.2 7.0 40 - 12000 0.12
3.3 0.1 4.0 98 10.0 8470 0.03
4.4 0.9 6.0 395 16.5 2340 0.04
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||i |<<<
| <| -|< <|<

|$<<+i : GB cwkY kl AskMnYKvixMY
fvj exR wPbZ cvieb|
mewR exRi MRvbvi nvi ei KiZ cvieb|
fvj exR eenvi DvMx neb|

x< : 20 wgwbU


<+< : Kzgov cwievii exR bgybv, c~e cZK Z MRvbv exR, wPgUv, mv`v

|- |<-i : U AvKwZ

- |<|
<| : : <| <|< +|<-
mnvqK mkb mKjK ^vMZ Rvwbq mKji Dk ck Kieb exR wK? KqKRbi Di b AwZ mnRfve
exRi msv èb|
mnvqK cwkYv_xìK wewfb exRi bgybv
AwfZv wewbgq Ki AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag
ckvii gvag AskMnYKvixì wbKU _K, AvjvPbv KZUzKz ey SZ ciQ Zv hvPvB Ki `Leb|

<| : > x|--1- <|< <|fi <4
mnvqK cwkYv_xìK ewMZ AwfZv wewbgq Ki AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag gvbmb exR wK I Zvi
ewk mK AvjvPbv Kieb|
AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv GKwU AsKi/D`vniYi mvnvR gvbmb exRi iZ mnRfve Dcvcb

<| -|< <|<
- : | <| -|< <|<

AskMnYKvixMY
mewR exRi MRvbvi nvi ei KiZ cvieb|

Kzgov cwievii exR bgybv, c~e cZKZ MRvbv exR, wPgUv, mv`v KvMR, cvvi ccvi, Kjg

wewfb exRi bgybv (AsMR exR I hb exR) I exR UvM c`kb Ges wbRì ew
AwfZv wewbgq Ki AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag exR exRi c Kvif` mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|

MZ AwfZv wewbgq Ki AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag gvbmb exR wK I Zvi

AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv GKwU AsKi/D`vniYi mvnvR gvbmb exRi iZ mnRfve Dcvcb
<| : x|--1-
c |x|-
(AsMR exR I hb exR) I exR UvM c`kb Ges wbRì ewMZ
exRi c Kvif` mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|
: |x|-
MZ AwfZv wewbgq Ki AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag gvbmb exR wK I Zvi
AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv GKwU AsKi/D`vniYi mvnvR gvbmb exRi iZ mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|

mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ck Kieb fvj exR ejZ wK evSb?
wKQz exRi bgybv `wLq fvj exRi ewk mg~n ej
ci fvj exR wKfve Pbv hvq Zv RbZ PvBeb|
AZci wKQz fvj I Lvivc exR Zvì nvZ w`q KvbwU fvj I KvbwU Lvivc Zv RvbZ PvBeb|
AvKvi AvKwZ I is `L fvj exR Pbvi KkjwU Rvbveb|
cKU h mKj Z_ fvj exR Pbvi mnvqK Zv Rvbveb|

<| : <|< |-| t+<|-x <|$|
mnvqK wfRv I Kbv exRi bgybv wbq ùvZi mvnvR
ZvìK w`q cixvwU Kiveb|
mnvqK ckvii gvag AsKziv`Mg
Rvbveb|
`jMZfve exRi bgybv, cvwKi cv, evwj, cvwb mieivn Ki
emvbvi wbqg nvZ Kjg wkLveb Ges ZvìK w`q cixvwU Kiveb|
cwkYv_xì KqKwU `j fvM Ki
Kjg ^vfvweK Pviv, A^vfvweK Pviv, gZ exR, k
ZvìK w`q cixvwU Kiveb|
ci `jMZfve Avi GKwU cv AsKziv`Mgi Rb mwVK fve exR emveb|
evwUi Mvq exRi Z_ wjwce Kieb|
mekl KvRi djvdj `jMZfve Dcvcb Kiveb|
:c |x|-
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ck Kieb fvj exR ejZ wK evSb?
wKQz exRi bgybv `wLq fvj exRi ewk mg~n ejZ ejeb|
ci fvj exR wKfve Pbv hvq Zv RbZ PvBeb|
AvKvi AvKwZ I is `L fvj exR Pbvi KkjwU Rvbveb|
cKU h mKj Z_ fvj exR Pbvi mnvqK Zv Rvbveb|
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mnvqK wfRv I Kbv exRi bgybv wbq ùvZi mvnvR exRi Av`Zv cixv Kivi cwZ nvZ Kjg wkLveb Ges

AsKziv`Mg, ^vfvweK Pviv, A^vfvweK Pviv, gZ exR, k exR ejZ wK eySvq Zv
`jMZfve exRi bgybv, cvwKi cv, evwj, cvwb mieivn Ki AsKziv`Mg cixvi Rb evwj wfRvbv I exR
emvbvi wbqg nvZ Kjg wkLveb Ges ZvìK w`q cixvwU Kiveb|
cwkYv_xì KqKwU `j fvM Ki 3-5 w`b c~e cvwKi cv evwji Dci AsKzwiZ Pviv mieivn Ki nvZ
Kjg ^vfvweK Pviv, A^vfvweK Pviv, gZ exR, k exR MYbv Ki exRi AsKziv`Mgi nvi wbYq Kiv wkLveb Ges

ci `jMZfve Avi GKwU cv AsKziv`Mgi Rb mwVK fve exR emveb|
xRi Z_ wjwce Kieb|
mekl KvRi djvdj `jMZfve Dcvcb Kiveb|
|x|-
cixv Kivi cwZ nvZ Kjg wkLveb Ges
ejZ wK eySvq Zv
cixvi Rb evwj wfRvbv I exR
evwji Dci AsKzwiZ Pviv mieivn Ki nvZ
exR MYbv Ki exRi AsKziv`Mgi nvi wbYq Kiv wkLveb Ges

| <| : mvRv K_vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB
AvKvii nZ ne, exRi Av`Zv wb` gvvi ga _vKZ ne
70-80 fvMi Dci nZ ne|

wZbwU Dcvq fvj exR Pbv hvq| 1. exR `L
wUb ev Kvb evqyivax nIqvq msiwZ exRi gvb `xNw`b Azb _vK| Gvjywgwbqvg dqj msiwZ exRi gvb Kvbi
Zzjbvq Kg mgq Azb _vK| cwjw_b Ges Qvjv I Kvcoi evM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB
exR Kbvi mgq exRi cvKUI iZ c~ Y |

fvj exR wPbZ nj exR cvKUi Mvq jLv wewfb Z_ `LZ ne| cvKUi Mvq mvaviYZ wbgwjwLZ Z_/welq jLv
_vK hv _K exRi bvY Rvbv hvq|
MRvbvi n&vi
weZv I Av`Zvi cwigvb
Kvvbxi bvg I wVKvbv
cvKU Kivi ZvwiL A_ev exR cixvi ZvwiL
exRi cKZ cwigvY (gwUK cwZZ A_ev exRi msLvq)
exR kvwaZ wKbv, kvwaZ nj kvab èi bvg Ges LvIqvi AhvM wel
ne|

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eve G avibvwU wVK bq| GKwU exRK ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei
nIqvi mv_ mv_ Dnvi Rb wba vwiZ KZjv cqvRbxq AI wbqwgZfve weKwkZ ne Ges my Aevq PvivwUi ew
NUe| cqvRbxq A ejZ H mg AKjvK eySvq, hv BwZ enb Ki h, AzwiZ Pvivw
GKwU my MvQ wnmve eo DVe|

hveb|
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mvRv K_vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB
AvKvii nZ ne, exRi Av`Zv wb` gvvi ga _vKZ ne Ges mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl kZKiv
exR `L 2. cvKU `L 3. exR cixv Ki
jbvq Kg mgq Azb _vK| cwjw_b Ges Qvjv I Kvcoi evM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB
exR Kbvi mgq exRi cvKUI iZ c~ Y |
Kvvbxi bvg I wVKvbv
exR kvwaZ wKbv, kvwaZ nj kvab èi bvg Ges LvIqvi AhvM wel G K_v DjL KiZ
exR ùvZi bxP w`q Pvc w`j hw` KU Ki k nj evSv hve exR |
AbKB gb Kib h, a~gv exRi gy L dvUjB ev exR nZ Pviv ei njB exRwU MwRqQ| wK
K ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei
NUe| cqvRbxq A ejZ H mg AKjvK eySvq, hv BwZ enb Ki h, AzwiZ PvivwU gvV AbyKj cwiek
mvRv K_vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB
Ges mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl kZKiv
jbvq Kg mgq Azb _vK| cwjw_b Ges Qvjv I Kvcoi evM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB
G K_v DjL KiZ
AbKB gb Kib h, a~gv exRi gy L dvUjB ev exR nZ Pviv ei njB exRwU MwRqQ| wK
K ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei
U gvV AbyKj cwiek

<|
mnR K_vq MvQi h Ask esk wevi Rb eenvi Kiv nq ZvK
exR ic eenvi Kiv nq _vK| Ggwbfve Kvb MvQi dj, Kvb MvQi Kv Avevi Kvb MvQi g~j exR wnmve eenvi Kiv
nq _vK| exR `y cKvi, h_v-
(K) AsMR exR I
(L) hb exR|

(+) t <|: MvQi h Kvb Ask wekl hv GKB iKg MvQi esk wevii Rb eenvi Kiv nq
hgb- Avjy , AvL, wgw Avjy BZvw` AsMR exR|

() <- <|: cyil I x dzji civMiYyi wgjbi dj h exRi Drcw nq, ZvK hb exR ej| hgb
UgUv (^ -civMvqb), cuc exR (ci civMvqb) BZvw`| mvaviYZ GKwU exRi wZbwU c avb Ask _vK|

| <|
fvj exR gvb gvbmb exR| exRi bvejx hgb RvZweZv, exRweZv, MRvbvi gZv, ZR, ^v Ges
AvKvi Gmei wb` gvb iqQ| h me exR wb` gvbi m me exRB fvj exR|
mvRv K_vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB AvKvii nZ ne,
exRi Av`Zv wb` gvvi ga _vKZ ne Ges mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl kZKiv 70
nZ ne|
| <|/x|- -1-
<|< <|fi

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exR
fvj exR
DP
djbkxj
exR
DbZ
exR
gvbmb exR
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mnR K_vq MvQi h Ask esk wevi Rb eenvi Kiv nq ZvK exR ejv nq| hgb- avb MvQi avb Avevi AvL MvQi Kv
wekl hv GKB iKg MvQi esk wevii Rb eenvi Kiv nq _vK, Zv AsMR exR|
BZvw` AsMR exR|
cyil I x dzji civMiYyi wgjbi dj h exRi Drcw nq, ZvK hb exR ej| hgb-
cuc exR (ci civMvqb) BZvw`| mvaviYZ GKwU exRi wZbwU c avb Ask _vK|
AvKvi Gmei wb` gvb iqQ| h me exR wb` gvbi m me exRB fvj exR|
vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB AvKvii nZ ne,
exRi Av`Zv wb` gvvi ga _vKZ ne Ges mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl kZKiv 70-80 fvMi Dci
Avay wbK
exR
nvBwe W
exR
exR nZ ne we A_vr h dmji exR
PvIqv nQ Zvi cwigvY Kgc kZKiv
fvMi ekx|
exRi RvZ nZ ne we| DP
djbkxj/DbZ AvaywbK A_ev KlKi
cQ`mB|
exR cvKv KvUv ne bv Ges ivMgy
ne, is ne Dj|
exR me GK AvKvii nZ ne, cy nZ
ne Ges `vbv eo nZ ne| `vbv fvv ne
exRi cvwbi fvM avb I Mg RvZxq dmji
ejvq kZKiv mevP 12 fvM Ges Ab
dmji ejvq 10 fvM _vKZ ne|
mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl
_K 80 fvMi Dci nZ ne|
avb MvQi avb Avevi AvL MvQi Kv
_vK, Zv AsMR exR|
jvD, Kijv, eb,
vq fvj exR nZ nj m exRK we nZ ne, cvKv KvUv ne bv, `vbv eo I GKB AvKvii nZ ne,
80 fvMi Dci
A_vr h dmji exR
PvIqv nQ Zvi cwigvY Kgc kZKiv 94
| DP
djbkxj/DbZ AvaywbK A_ev KlKi
xR cvKv KvUv ne bv Ges ivMgy nZ
AvKvii nZ ne, cy nZ
ne Ges `vbv eo nZ ne| `vbv fvv ne
exRi cvwbi fvM avb I Mg RvZxq dmji
fvM Ges Abvb
fvM _vKZ ne|
mevcwi MRvbvi gZv exR wekl 70
fvMi Dci nZ ne|

<-| <|
PjwZ K_vq Ddkx exR A_vr DP Gi D, djbi d Ges kxj Gi kx G wbq bvg Ìqv nq Ddkx| Ddkx ejZ mvavibZ
DP djbkxj RvZK eySvbv nq wK exRi Abvb b hgb

<- <|
vbxq ev Rsjx RvZi ga _K eQ fvj b mb RvZ ei Ki DbZ RvZ wnme bvg Ìqv nq| G aibi RvZi exRK
DbZ RvZi exR ejv nq| G bvg _K exRi RvZ m^ Z_ eySv MjI exRi Abvb Y m^ Kvb wKQz eySv hvq bv|

|<|-+ <|
h RvZ wj mePq ci A_ev mwZ DvweZ nqQ ZvK AvaywbK RvZ ejv nq| Gme mvcwZK DfvweZ RvZi exRK
AvaywbK RvZi exR ejv nq| G bvg _K exRi RvZ m^ Z_ ey Sv MjI exRi Abvb Y m^ Z_ cvIqv hvq bv|

x <|||< <|
h mKj exR civMvqb gy fve nq ZvìK gy
cRb ch exR Drcv`b KiZ cvi| Ze Gì KwjZvwZK weZv Kg| GmKj exR Drcv`bi wcIi jvBb
wmjKkb, ARvZ evQvB/ivwMs I ^ZxKib `~iZ wbZ Kivi gvag exRi Kw

|#|<+ <|
`ywU wfb MY mb RvZi GK msKii gvag Drcb c Lg cRB nvBexW RvZi exR| GRvZxq dmji aygv c _g cRbB
exR hv AwaK Drcv`b KiZ mg| cieZx cRb wfb RvZi gvZv I wcZvi ewk wfb nq hvq hvì Drcv`b
ev bB| ZvB nvBexW exR _K Drcvw`Z dmj nZ KvbgB exR ivLv DwPZ bq|

| <| <i<|<< |<<| |+z

DP djbkxj RvZK eySvbv nq wK exRi Abvb b hgb-MRvbvi gZv, weZv Gme m^ Kvb Z_ eySvq bv|
_K eQ fvj b mb RvZ ei Ki DbZ RvZ wnme bvg Ìqv nq| G aibi RvZi exRK
AvaywbK RvZi exR ejv nq| G bvg _K exRi RvZ m^ Z_ eySv MjI exRi Abvb Y m^ Z_ cvIqv hvq bv|
e nq ZvìK gy civMvwqZ exR ej| exR chyw eenvi Ki KlKiv G RvZxq exR nZ `yB
wmjKkb, ARvZ evQvB/ivwMs I ^ZxKib `~iZ wbZ Kivi gvag exRi KwjZvwZK gvb wbq Y Kiv nq|
exR hv AwaK Drcv`b KiZ mg| cieZx cRb wfb RvZi gvZv I wcZvi ewk wfb nq hvq hvì Drcv`b
ev bB| ZvB nvBexW exR _K Drcvw`Z dmj nZ KvbgB exR ivLv DwPZ bq|
MRvbvi gZv, weZv Gme m^ Kvb Z_ eySvq bv|
_K eQ fvj b mb RvZ ei Ki DbZ RvZ wnme bvg Ìqv nq| G aibi RvZi exRK
AvaywbK RvZi exR ejv nq| G bvg _K exRi RvZ m^ Z_ ey Sv MjI exRi Abvb Y m^ Z_ cvIqv hvq bv|
eenvi Ki KlKiv G RvZxq exR nZ `yB
jZvwZK gvb wbq Y Kiv nq|
exR hv AwaK Drcv`b KiZ mg| cieZx cRb wfb RvZi gvZv I wcZvi ewk wfb nq hvq hvì Drcv`b gZv Kg

|+|< | <| -| <|<z
wZbwU Dcvq fvj exR Pbv hvq| h_v
exR `L
cvKU `L
exR cixv Ki

<| -
exR PvL w`q `L, nvZ w`q bo Ges wekl ey w LvwUq wbgwjwLZ welqvejx AejvKb Ki exRi bvb evS
wj njt

mKj exR gvUvgywU GKB AvKvi I AvKwZi
Ej Ges GKB is
exR AZ cvKvq KvUv bv
exRi `vbv cy Ges eo
Kvgo w`j KU KU k Ki fv
<| i|+ -
fvj exR evRvi _K wKbZ nj AekB cvKU wPbZ ne| mvavibZ aviYv
Kiv nq cvKURvZ exR fvj| exR cvKU h me wRwbm w`q Zix Zv nj
Kvco/Qvjv
cwjw_b
Gvjywgwbqvg dqj, wUb BZvw`|

wUb ev Kvb evqyivax nIqvq msiwZ exRi gvb `xNw`b Azb _vK|
Gvjywgwbqvg dqj msiwZ exRi gvb Kvbi Zzjbvq Kg mgq Azb _vK|
cwjw_b Ges Qvjv I Kvcoi evM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB exR Kbvi mgq exRi cvKUI
iZ c~ Y |
1 b exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = dmj k~b
2 Lvivc exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = Lvivc dmj
3 mvaviY exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = mvaviY dmj
4 fvj exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv =fvj dmj
exR PvL w`q `L, nvZ w`q bo Ges wekl ey w LvwUq wbgwjwLZ welqvejx AejvKb Ki exRi bvb evS
mKj exR gvUvgywU GKB AvKvi I AvKwZi
Kvgo w`j KU KU k Ki fv
fvj exR evRvi _K wKbZ nj AekB cvKU wPbZ ne| mvavibZ aviYv
exR cvKU h me wRwbm w`q Zix Zv nj
Gvjywgwbqvg dqj, wUb BZvw`|
wUb ev Kvb evqyivax nIqvq msiwZ exRi gvb `xNw`b Azb _vK|
Gvjywgwbqvg dqj msiwZ exRi gvb Kvbi Zzjbvq Kg mgq Azb _vK|
vM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB exR Kbvi mgq exRi cvKUI
b exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = dmj k~b

Lvivc exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = Lvivc dmj
mvaviY exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv = mvaviY dmj
fvj exR + mvi + cvwb + cwiPhv =fvj dmj
exR PvL w`q `L, nvZ w`q bo Ges wekl ey w LvwUq wbgwjwLZ welqvejx AejvKb Ki exRi bvb evSv hvq| G
vM msiwZ exRi gvb mevcv Kg mgq fvj _vK| ZvB exR Kbvi mgq exRi cvKUI

fvj exR wPbZ nj exR cvKUi Mvq jLv wewfb Z_ `LZ ne| cvKUi Mvq mvaviYZ wbgwjwLZ Z_/welq jLv _vK
hv _K exRi bvY Rvbv hvq|
dmji bvg
RvZi bvg
exRi gvb
MRvbvi n&vi
Kvvbxi bvg I wVKvbv

exR cZqb GRx exRi gvb cixv Ki gvbwbq Y jej ev cZqb c w`q _vK| G cZqb cwU exRi cvKUi Mvq
A_ev gy L ei mgq cvKUi mv_ jvwMq `qv nq| exR wewa Abyhvqx cZqb cwUZ wbg ewY Z Z_vwì DjL KiZ
ne.
dmj I RvZi bvg
exR jU/ci bî
MRvbvi gZv, weZv Ges Ab Kvb Y
exR cixvi ZvwiL
cKURvZKibi ZvwiL
exR kvwaZ wKbv, kvwaZ nj kvab èi bvg Ges LvIqvi AhvM wel G K_v DjL KiZ ne|
<| <|$| +<
<|< |-| <||
1. exR ùvZi bxP w`q Pvc w`j hw`
2. Av`Zv gvcK hi mvnvh cixv

<| t+<|-x <||
AbKB gb Kib h, a~gv exRi gy L dvUjB ev exR nZ Pviv ei njB exRwU MwRqQ| wK eve G avibvwU wVK
bq| GKwU exRK ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei nIqvi mv_
wbavwiZ KZjv cqvRbxq AI wbqwgZfve weKwkZ ne Ges my Aevq PvivwUi ew NUe| cqvRbxq A ejZ H mg
AKjvK eySvq, hv BwZ enb Ki h, AzwiZ PvivwU gvV AbyK j cwiek GKwU my MvQ wnmve eo DVe|
AvRvwZK exR cixY msvi Ìqv msv Abyhvqx AbyKj cwiek exRi Y nZ Dwì cqvRbxq Ai wbMgb Ges
ew hv cwibvg GKwU ^vfvweK Dw` cwiYZ nIqvi BwZ enb Ki,
MY Kiv Pj| exR MRvbvi GB gZv wbaviYK exRi Aziv`Mg cix


Ki gvbwbq Y jej ev cZqb c w`q _vK| G cZqb cwU exRi cvKUi Mvq
mv_ jvwMq `qv nq| exR wewa Abyhvqx cZqb cwUZ wbg ewY Z Z_vwì DjL KiZ
MRvbvi gZv, weZv Ges Ab Kvb Y

kvwaZ wKbv, kvwaZ nj kvab èi bvg Ges LvIqvi AhvM wel G K_v DjL KiZ ne|
exR ùvZi bxP w`q Pvc w`j hw` KU Ki k nj evSv hve exR |
Av`Zv gvcK hi mvnvh cixv Ki (`vbv RvZxq dmji 10-12%, mewR dmji 8%
bq| GKwU exRK ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei nIqvi mv_
i Ìqv msv Abyhvqx AbyKj cwiek exRi Y nZ Dwì cqvRbxq Ai wbMgb Ges
ew hv cwibvg GKwU ^vfvweK Dw` cwiYZ nIqvi BwZ enb Ki, Ggb mvebvgq Aziv`MgKB exR
MY Kiv Pj| exR MRvbvi GB gZv wbaviYK exRi Aziv`Mg cixv ej|
Ki gvbwbq Y jej ev cZqb c w`q _vK| G cZqb cwU exRi cvKUi Mvq
mv_ jvwMq `qv nq| exR wewa Abyhvqx cZqb cwUZ wbg ewY Z Z_vwì DjL KiZ
kvwaZ wKbv, kvwaZ nj kvab èi bvg Ges LvIqvi AhvM wel G K_v DjL KiZ ne|
12%, mewR dmji 8%-10%|
bq| GKwU exRK ZLbB MwRqQ ejv hve hLb exRwU nZ GKwU Azi ei ne Ges Azi ei nIqvi mv_ mv_ Dnvi Rb
i Ìqv msv Abyhvqx AbyKj cwiek exRi Y nZ Dwì cqvRbxq Ai wbMgb Ges
Ggb mvebvgq Aziv`MgKB exRi Aziv`Mg ej

<|< t+<|-x <||< -i <|-|< < ||
evwj
cvwb
exR
cvwKi ev gvwUi evwU|

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exRi GK GKwU bgybv wnmve gvU 4wU bgybv ewmq cixvi KvR m
AsKziv`Mgi Rb me c _g Dchy
Dci cqvRbxq cwigvb cvwb I exR wbZ ne|
evwjK 50% Av`Zvq Gb Zvi ga exRwjK mvwiefve emvZ nq| 50% Av`Zvq AvbZ c _g AaK
evwjK m~ Y wfRvZ ne| ci evKx AaK Kbv evwj Zvi mv_ hvM KiZ ne|
exRwj emvbvi ci exRi Dci 2
cixvi cwUwWm eenvi Kiv nj exR MRvbvi c _g w`b cwUwWm XvKbv w`q XK ivLZ ne, GZ cvwbi
evvqb Kg nq|
cv emvbv exRi bvg, RvZ, msLv
wjL ivLZ ne|
cwZw`b `LZ ne hb cvwb wKq bv hvq Ges cvwb wKq Mj cybivq cvwb w`Z ne, AwZwi
wZKi|
c~e wbavwiZ w`b AsKzwiZ ex
ci Pzov Mbbv KiZ ne|
AsKzwiZ exRi msLv wbYq Kej ^^vfvweK Pvivi wnmve wbZ ne|

t+<|-x =
emv Rb gi iv`M AsKz
Drcv`bKvix Pviv vfvweK ^
h exR jvK AsKziv`Mg cixvi Rb emvbv ne, AsKz wiZ nIqvi ci mjvK 5
^vfvweK exR A_vr hjv ^vfvweK Pvivi Rb `q|
A^vfvweK exR A_vr hjv A^vfvweK Pvivi Rb `q|
gZ exR A_vr hjv GKeviB AsKzwiZ nq bv|
mRxe exR A_vr myvev fvvi ci AsKzwiZ nIqvi mvebvgqx exR|
k exR A_vr myvev fvvi ciI AsKz wiZ nIqvi mvebvnxb exR|

<|-|< < ||
cixv Kiv ne Zvi ga _K ivbWgwj Kgc 400 bgybv exR wbZ n
exRi GK GKwU bgybv wnmve gvU 4wU bgybv ewmq cixvi KvR mb Kiv nq|
AsKziv`Mgi Rb me c _g Dchy cv h Kvb GKwU AsKziv`Mg gvagi (evwj, wdvi KvMR
Dci cqvRbxq cwigvb cvwb I exR wbZ ne|
wfRvZ ne| ci evKx AaK Kbv evwj Zvi mv_ hvM KiZ ne|
exRwj emvbvi ci exRi Dci 2-3 mwg cyi GKwU evwji i w`q exR wjK XK w`Z ne|
cv emvbv exRi bvg, RvZ, msLv, jU bî, Kvvbxi bvg Ges cixvq emvbvi ZvwiL
cwZw`b `LZ ne hb cvwb wKq bv hvq Ges cvwb wKq Mj cybivq cvwb w`Z ne, AwZwi
c~e wbavwiZ w`b AsKzwiZ exRi Pyov msLv wbYq KiZ ne| G 5 w`b ci 1g Mbbv Ges 10
ci Pzov Mbbv KiZ ne|
AsKzwiZ exRi msLv wbYq Kej ^^vfvweK Pvivi wnmve wbZ ne|
msLv Ri ex bv emv
msLv Ri ex Drcv`bKvix
x100
h exR jvK AsKziv`Mg cixvi Rb emvbv ne, AsKz wiZ nIqvi ci mjvK 5 fvM fvM Kiv nq, hgb
^vfvweK exR A_vr hjv ^vfvweK Pvivi Rb `q|
A^vfvweK exR A_vr hjv A^vfvweK Pvivi Rb `q|
gZ exR A_vr hjv GKeviB AsKzwiZ nq bv|
mRxe exR A_vr myvev fvvi ci AsKzwiZ nIqvi mvebvgqx exR|
fvvi ciI AsKz wiZ nIqvi mvebvnxb exR|
exR wbZ nq Ges 100
cv h Kvb GKwU AsKziv`Mg gvagi (evwj, wdvi KvMR/wUmyccvi)
3 mwg cyi GKwU evwji i w`q exR wjK XK w`Z ne|
Ges cixvq emvbvi ZvwiL cv I iwRvi
cwZw`b `LZ ne hb cvwb wKq bv hvq Ges cvwb wKq Mj cybivq cvwb w`Z ne, AwZwi cvwb
Ri Pyov msLv wbYq KiZ ne| G 5 w`b ci 1g Mbbv Ges 10-14w`b
fvM fvM Kiv nq, hgb-

^|||<+ |<|< <|fi : GKwU PvivK ZLbB ^fvweK ejv hve hLb Pvivi cwZwU AskB ^vfvweK I mylg _vKe Ges AbyKzj
cwiek ^vevb MvQ Drcv`b mg ne| ^vfvweK Pvivi ewk mKj exRi GK bq| wbgwjwLZ ewk _v
gvUvgvwUfve GKwU PvivK ^vfvweK Pviv ejv hZ cvi|
my I evo Pviv nj|
Pvivi wkKo myDbZ nj|
GKexRcx exRi Rb GKwU exRc Ges xexRcx exRi Rb `y wU exRc we`gvb _vKj|
Pvivi ew mylg _vKj|
Pvivi mxwgZvb Z AvQ, Ze Kvb cwienbKvix
MvQi wkKo, Kv I cvZv we`gvb _vKvi jY _vKj|

^|||<+ |<|< <|fi
wbgwjwLZ ewk mb PvivK A^vfvweK Pviv ejv nq
Pviv wZM nj|
exRc bv _vKj|
MvQi Kv, cvZv I wkKo we Z Z mw nj|
Kv, cvZv I wkKoi ew Amg nj|
Kv, cvZv I wkKo ivMvgY qcv Pviv|
g~j RvZxq dmj hgb g~jvi c avb wkKo wZM nj|

| <| <i<|<< <+||<|
djb ekx ne|
evRvi g~j ekx I Avw_K wZ Kg ne|
ivM gy I my mej MvQ ne|
exR ivLv hve (nvBexW eZxZ)|
Rwg cwZZ _vKebv|
mgqi AcPq nebv|

|+ <|< | <| |<| <|<z
exR chy w eenvi Ki fvj exR cvIqv hvq|
<| < | |+z
fvj exR cZ nj h mg Kvhvw` (A_vr RvZ Dbqb, exR c
KiZ nq m me KvR myzfve chvqg mv`b Kiv K ex

GKwU PvivK ZLbB ^fvweK ejv hve hLb Pvivi cwZwU AskB ^vfvweK I mylg _vKe Ges AbyKzj
cwiek ^vevb MvQ Drcv`b mg ne| ^vfvweK Pvivi ewk mKj exRi GK bq| wbgwjwLZ ewk _v
gvUvgvwUfve GKwU PvivK ^vfvweK Pviv ejv hZ cvi|
GKexRcx exRi Rb GKwU exRc Ges xexRcx exRi Rb `y wU exRc we`gvb _vKj|
Pvivi mxwgZvb Z AvQ, Ze Kvb cwienbKvix Kvl wZM bv nj|
MvQi wkKo, Kv I cvZv we`gvb _vKvi jY _vKj|
wbgwjwLZ ewk mb PvivK A^vfvweK Pviv ejv nq
MvQi Kv, cvZv I wkKo we Z Z mw nj|
Kv, cvZv I wkKoi ew Amg nj|
v, cvZv I wkKo ivMvgY qcv Pviv|
g~j RvZxq dmj hgb g~jvi c avb wkKo wZM nj|
evRvi g~j ekx I Avw_K wZ Kg ne|

R cvIqv hvq|
xR cZ nj h mg Kvhvw` (A_vr RvZ Dbqb, exR cwiea Y, cwqvRvZKiY, gvb wbq Y Ges evRviRvZKiY) mb
g mv`b Kiv K exR chyw ej|
GKwU PvivK ZLbB ^fvweK ejv hve hLb Pvivi cwZwU AskB ^vfvweK I mylg _vKe Ges AbyKzj
cwiek ^vevb MvQ Drcv`b mg ne| ^vfvweK Pvivi ewk mKj exRi GK bq| wbgwjwLZ ewk _vKj
Y Ges evRviRvZKiY) mb

Kvhvejx mg~n wmwoi AvKvi mvRvbv hvq| hgb
wmwoi mePq bxP A_vr wfZ
Zvi cii avc
Zvici
Zvici
Zvici

GK K_vq exR chyw eenvi Kij fvj exR cvIqv hvq Ges KwlZ f
Kvhvejx mg~n wmwoi AvKvi mvRvbv hvq| hgb-
RvZ Dbqb
exR cwieab
cwqvRvZKiY
gvb wbq Y
evRviRvZKiY
eenvi Kij fvj exR cvIqv hvq Ges KwlZ fvj exR eenvi e w Kiv hvq|

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mylg mvi eenvi Dz neb
Kv eenvii DcKvwiZv I Kv Zwii DcKiY mK Rvbeb
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Kv eenvi Dy neb|

x< : 1 NUv

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mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvii gvag Re I ARe mvi mK AvjvPbv Kieb|
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvii gvag Re I ARe mvii ga cv_K A
mnvqK mvi mgybv c`kbi gvag wewfb c Kvi mvi cwiwPwZ Kiveb|

<| : > < |<< <4
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvii gvag Re mvi eenvii myweav mg~n mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|
ci ivmvqwbK mvi eenvii Sz wK mg~n Rvbveb|
- : |<
|<|- +|< |< |< +| |<|- $
x|| <|$|< x|<ix |<< ||<

wewfb c Kvi mvi I Zvi KvR I AfveRwbZ jY mK Rvbeb
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Kv eenvii DcKvwiZv I Kv Zwii DcKiY mK Rvbeb
wbRiv nvZ Kjg Av`k Kv Zix KiZ cvieb|
AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv, `jxq KvR, nvZ Kjg kLv
mv`v KvMR, KvwV, Kv`vj, Lvv, KPzwicvbv, cPvMvei, Kv`v
c |x|-
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mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvii gvag Re I ARe mvii ga cv_K AvjvPbv Kieb|
mnvqK mvi mgybv c`kbi gvag wewfb c Kvi mvi cwiwPwZ Kiveb|
c |x|-
ci ivmvqwbK mvi eenvii Sz wK mg~n Rvbveb|
|x|-
|x|-

<| : |<|- +|< |<< +|, |< |- $-
wewfb c Kvi mvii KvR, Afve RwbZ jb mg~n AvjvPbv Kieb
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|<|- +|< |<< +|, |< |- $- : |x|-
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|x|-
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|
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ci evwoi Kvb Kvb AveRbv djv hve Ges Kvbwj djv hve bv Zv ejeb|
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MZi Dci GKwU XvKbv w`q ivLeb|
ci evwoi Kvb Kvb AveRbv djv hve Ges Kvbwj djv hve bv Zv ejeb|
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cKvwiZv ejeb|
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Re mvii KvhKvwiZv gvwUZ AbK w`b _vK|

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cvi| MZ Ki AveRbv Rgvbvi eev Kij Zv
BDwiqv wQwUq w`Z cvij
fvj nq| GQvov wWgi Lvmv, gvQi KvUv, mewRi Aewkvsk I Abvb AveRbv Ìqv hZ cvi| GQvovI cwZw`bi DVvbi
< -| -<i <x- ||f+ |x|, || +|, # |< #i||- -<| <|< -|

GK gvm ci i cwieZb Ki w`q Avevi Kv`v gvwUi cjc w`Z ne| G fve
hvq| elvKvj hvZ Kv MZ cvwb cek bv KiZ cvi, mRb MZi Pvicvk GKwU AvBj Zwi Ki w`Z ne| Kv
eenvi DchvMx nqQ wKbv Zv evSvi Dcvq mg~n:
ZixKZ Kv `~ M gy |
Sz iSzi|
wK Dcv`vb viv Zix Zv evSv hve bv|
GK gvm ci i cwieZb Ki w`q Avevi Kv`v gvwUi cjc w`Z ne| G fve `yB _K wZb gvm iL Kv Zix Kiv
Z Kv MZ cvwb cek bv KiZ cvi, mRb MZi Pvicvk GKwU AvBj Zwi Ki w`Z ne| Kv
eenvi DchvMx nqQ wKbv Zv evSvi Dcvq mg~n:
wK Dcv`vb viv Zix Zv evSv hve bv|
gvm iL Kv Zix Kiv
Z Kv MZ cvwb cek bv KiZ cvi, mRb MZi Pvicvk GKwU AvBj Zwi Ki w`Z ne| Kv

- c :
||i |<<<
< xi<
|< =< |
<i<||<+- <- x|-| |< <|/|<| <|

wbRiv nvZ Kjg jvD Gi elv I kxZKvji Rb Av`k gv`v Zix KiZ cvieb|
gv`vq mwVK gvvq mvi cqvM KiZ cvieb|
gv`vq mwVKfve exR/Pviv ivcb KiZ cvieb|
exR ecbi ci ZvrwYK Kvhvejx mb KiZ cvieb|

x< : 1 NUv 30 wgwbU

+| : AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv, `jxq KvR, nvZ Kjg kLv

<+< : KvwV, `wo, Kv`vj, Lvv, Kv, BDwiqv, wUGmwc, GgIwc, wRcmvg, eviY, wRsK,
QvKbvkK|

- |<|
<| : < xi<
mnvqK mKjK fQv Rvwbq mkb i Kieb|
Gici mnvqK DP g~ji dmj/ nvB fvjy c ejZ wK evSvq mnRfve D`vniYmn Dcvcb Kieb|

<| > |< =< |, x||, <|< , xx
mnvqK jvD Gi wewfb RvZ mnRfve
2-3 wU cPwjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
Kjg wkwLq èb|
ckvii gvag jvD Gi gvwU, Rjevqy ,
Kieb|

<| <- < <| ^
GB avc mnvqK ckvii gvag ecbi c~e exRK wKfve KZb iv` KvZ ne, wKfve KZb
cvwbZ wfRvZ ne Ges wKfve exR kvab KiZ ne Zv
ci exR Kvbv, fRvbv I kvabi iZ wbq cwkYv_xì mv_ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb|

- c : |<-=< <- x|-| <| <|/|<| <|
<- x|-| |< <|/|<| <|
elv I kxZKvji Rb Av`k gv`v Zix KiZ cvieb|
gv`vq mwVK gvvq mvi cqvM KiZ cvieb|
vq mwVKfve exR/Pviv ivcb KiZ cvieb|
exR ecbi ci ZvrwYK Kvhvejx mb KiZ cvieb|
AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv, `jxq KvR, nvZ Kjg kLv
KvwV, `wo, Kv`vj, Lvv, Kv, BDwiqv, wUGmwc, GgIwc, wRcmvg, eviY, wRsK, exR, evjwZ, gM, cvwb,

mnvqK mKjK fQv Rvwbq mkb i Kieb|
, x||, <|< , xx <||<
wewfb RvZ mnRfve ckvii gvag D`vniYmn Dcvcb Kieb|
3 wU cPwjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
gvwU, Rjevqy , gmyg I exRnvi K cwkYv_xì mwnZ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv

cvwbZ wfRvZ ne Ges wKfve exR kvab KiZ ne Zv nvZ Kjg `wLq èb|
exR, evjwZ, gM, cvwb,
:|x|-
:|x|-
3 wU cPwjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
cwkYv_xì mwnZ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv
:|x|-

<| <i<||<+- <- x|-| |< <|/|<| <|
cwkYi c~e elvKvji Rb gv`vi Rb 1 _K ò nvZ DPz Ki GKwU gvwUi
mnyvqK AskMnYKvixì jvD Gi
wbq MvjvKvi `voveb|
Gici jvD Gi gv`vi AvKvi I gv`v nZ gv`vi `~iZ mK Rvbveb|
ci AskMnbKvixì mnvqZvq Kgc wfb AvKwZi GKvwaK gv`v
Gici gv`vi Rv Aev AvQ wKbv cixv Ki Rvbveb Ges KkjwU mKjK nvZ Kjg wkwLq wèb|
gv`vq gvwU mvi I Kv wgwkq gv`v
cqvRbxq mvi cqvM Kivi cwZ mK Rvbveb| G Re mvi ee
KiZ ne Ges Re mvi eenvii myweav Ges ARe mvi eenvii wZKi cfve mg~n wevwiZfve
AvjvPbv KiZ ne|
ZixKZ Du Pz gv`vq exR ecb Kivi KkjwU Rvbveb|
exR ecb kl eov Ìqvi c qvRbxqZv I KkjwU Rvbveb|
Gici KZw`bi ga Ges wKfve wKmi &viv gvPv w`Z ne Zv Rvbveb|
<- x|-| |< <|/|<| <|
cwkYi c~e elvKvji Rb gv`vi Rb 1 _K ò nvZ DPz Ki GKwU gvwUi c Zix Kieb|
jvD Gi Rb gv`v Zixi Dchy (iv` cvq Ggb) vb evQvB Ki H vb mKjK
gv`vi AvKvi I gv`v nZ gv`vi `~iZ mK Rvbveb|
ci AskMnbKvixì mnvqZvq Kgc wfb AvKwZi GKvwaK gv`v Zix Kieb|
Kv wgwkq gv`v fwZ Kivi KkjwU Rvbveb Ges GKBmv_ cwZ gv`vi Rb
cqvRbxq mvi cqvM Kivi cwZ mK Rvbveb| G Re mvi eenvii cwZ AwaK iZ c`vb
ZixKZ Du Pz gv`vq exR ecb Kivi KkjwU Rvbveb|
a Ges wKfve wKmi &viv gvPv w`Z ne Zv Rvbveb|
|x|-
c Zix Kieb|
(iv` cvq Ggb) vb evQvB Ki H vb mKjK
Kivi KkjwU Rvbveb Ges GKBmv_ cwZ gv`vi Rb
nvii cwZ AwaK iZ c `vb

|# i <| < xi< : nvB fjy c ev DP g~ji dmj ejZ mB mKj dmjK eySvq hvì evRvi g~j I cywgvb
ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50
Avevi GKB dmji cwZ KwRi g~j Rvbyqvix
dmji g~j ekx _vK| GQvov dmji RvZ, AvKvi, AvKwZ, eY I mjd jvBd dmjK DP g~ji dmj wnmve AwfwnZ Kivi
AbZg wbqvgK|
|< =< | x : |#|<+-gvwU bv. nvBMxb;
x|| : Re c`v_mg ùv-Auvk I cwj ùv-Avk gvwU Dg|
<|-- xx : c avbZ t kxZKvjxb| Ze MxKvjI Pvl Kiv hvq|
<|<-/|<| <|- : kxZ-AvM-Avei; Mx t Rvbyqvix
<| |< : : |x/|t
|< =< x|-|/< |+|< : `N -1.5nvZ, c
|< =< x|-| x|-| |v |v< -< :
+ | x|-|< ti| : 10 wU
gv`v Ggb vb Kiv DwPZ hLvb iv` co Ges Avjv evZvm cvq| elvKvj gv`vi DPZv mgZj _K
DuPz KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii w`K
GUj gvwU viv jc elKvj gv`v Zix Kiv fvj| ci gvS MZ Ki mLvb Re mvi ev Kvv w`q iL w`Z ne|
cvij mgM MZ Kv viv fwZ Kiv hZ cvi| Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij
fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv Ki wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Aby hvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
<|<| +< -i |< |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x| : <
|-50 Mvg/1 gyV, <|<-/<|<|+-15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU,

gv`v Zwii mgq Dcii 1 weNZ cwigvb gvwU Avjv`vfve ivLZ ne Ges Zv Re mvii mwnZ wgwkq gv`vi bxPi w`K
ne| gv`v Zwii ci 1 mvn iv` Kvbv Dg| gv`vq Rv Aev `L gv`vq exR ivcb KiZ ne| mnR Aiv`Mgi Rb
exRi Y bxPi w`K ivLZ ne Ges exRi AvKvii wb MfxiZvq ey bZ ne|

<- < <| ^ : fvj AsKziv`Mgi Rb exRi cvKU Lvjvi ci
NUv Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy
_vK| H Kbv exR ecb KiZ ne|
cwikl AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag mkbi mvimsc Ki mkbi mgvw Kieb I cii mkb
Pj hveb|
x |$
ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50
Avevi GKB dmji cwZ KwRi g~j Rvbyqvix ev deqvix gvm 3-5 UvKv nq hvq| `Lv hvq gmygi iZ cvq mKj D`vb
gvwU bv. nvBMxb; <| : evwi jvD-1, evwi jvD-2, Z jvD
Avk gvwU Dg|
c avbZ t kxZKvjxb| Ze MxKvjI Pvl Kiv hvq|
Avei; Mx t Rvbyqvix-deqvix
1.5nvZ, c -1.5nvZ I DPZv-1nvZ
x|-| x|-| |v |v< -< : 4 nvZx4 nvZ
gv`v Ggb vb Kiv DwPZ hLvb iv` co Ges Avjv evZvm cvq| elvKvj gv`vi DPZv mgZj _K xx | + =+ |
KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii w`K
hZ cvi| Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij
fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv Ki wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Aby hvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
<|<| +< -i |< |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x| : < |<-10 KwR. | = |-
4 wPgwU, ||x-15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU, |t+/ -^+| 15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU
gv`v Zwii mgq Dcii 1 weNZ cwigvb gvwU Avjv`vfve ivLZ ne Ges Zv Re mvii mwnZ wgwkq gv`vi bxPi w`K
exRi Y bxPi w`K ivLZ ne Ges exRi AvKvii wb MfxiZvq ey bZ ne|
fvj AsKziv`Mgi Rb exRi cvKU Lvjvi ci nvjKv iv` 2-3 NUv wKq wbZ ne| AZci 2
NUv Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq cvwb bv
ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50-70 UvKv ch nq|
5 UvKv nq hvq| `Lv hvq gmygi iZ cvq mKj D`vb
xx | + =+ |
KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii w`K
hZ cvi| Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij
fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv Ki wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Abyhvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
-100 Mvg/2-3 gyV, =x
4 wPgwU
gv`v Zwii mgq Dcii 1 weNZ cwigvb gvwU Avjv`vfve ivLZ ne Ges Zv Re mvii mwnZ wgwkq gv`vi bxPi w`K w`Z
3 NUv wKq wbZ ne| AZci 2-3
vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq cvwb bv

i|+ |<
|# i <| < xi< : nvB fjy c ev DP g
cywgvb ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50
nq| Avevi GKB dmji cwZ KwRi g~j Rvbyqvix ev deqvix gvm 3
mKj D`vb dmji Aev GKB iKgi nq| `Lv hvq gmygi iZ cvq mKj D`vb dmji g~j ekx _vK| G
cvq mKj AvMvg kvK meRxK DP gyji dmj ejv hZ cvi|
GQvov dmji RvZ, AvKvi, AvKwZ, eY I mjd jvBd dmjK DP g~ji dmj wnmv
GB ewk mg~n wewfb dmji Pvwn`v ev cQì ZviZg NUvq| hgb UgUvi Zvi mjd jvBd LyeB iZ c~ Y | mjd
jvBd ekx nj cwienb myweavRbK| jvD Gi Gi Mvp meyR eYi Pvwn`v ekx| AbK mgq AjfÌ Pvwn`vi
ZviZg nq|

+x$| ||< <| : Cucurbitaceae cwievii mewR mg~nK Kzgov RvZxq mewR ej| G mewR mg~n jZv RvZxq Ges
Gì x I cyil dzj GKB MvQ Avjv`v Avjv`v fve Rb| Gì Pvlvev` cwZ, ivMevjvB Ges cvKvgvKo gvUvgywU GKB
iKg| Kzgov RvZxq mewR mg~n nj |x|f +x$|

|< =< | x : |#|<+-gvwUbv. nvBMxb;

x|| : Re c`v_mg ùv-Auvk I cwj ùv-Avk gvwU Dg|

<|-- xx : c avbZ t kxZKvjxb| Ze MxKv
kxZ t AvM-Avei
Mx t Rvbyqvix-deqvix

gvwUbv
i|+ |<-|<-=< <- x|-| <| <|/|<| <|
nvB fjy c ev DP g~ji dmj ejZ mB mKj dmjK ey Svq hvì evRvi g~j I
cywgvb ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50
nq| Avevi GKB dmji cwZ KwRi g~j Rvbyqvix ev deqvix gvm 3-5 UvKv nq hvq| GKBfve mxg, g~jv, Kijv mn cvq
cvq mKj AvMvg kvK meRxK DP gyji dmj ejv hZ cvi|
GQvov dmji RvZ, AvKvi, AvKwZ, eY I mjd jvBd dmjK DP g~ji dmj wnmve AwfwnZ Kivi AbZg wbqvgK|
cwievii mewR mg~nK Kzgov RvZxq mewR ej| G mewR mg~n jZv RvZxq Ges
|x|f +x$|, |<, +<|, <|, ||t|, | +x$|, , +|+<|, <x #i||-
; <| : evwi jvD-1, evwi jvD-2, Z jvD
Avk gvwU Dg|
Ze MxKvjI Pvl Kiv hvq|
nvBMxb evwi jvD-1 evwi jvD
~ji dmj ejZ mB mKj dmjK ey Svq hvì evRvi g~j I
cywgvb ekx| DP g~ji dmji mgq GKwU AbZg dvi| UgUvi cwZ KwRi g~j bfî gvm 50-70 UvKv ch
g, g~jv, Kijv mn cvq
e AwfwnZ Kivi AbZg wbqvgK|
cwievii mewR mg~nK Kzgov RvZxq mewR ej| G mewR mg~n jZv RvZxq Ges
, |<, +<|, <|, ||t|, | +x$|, , +|+<|, <x #i||-
evwi jvD-2

<| |< : : |x/|t

|< =< x|-|/< |+|< : `N -1.5nvZ, c
|< =< x|-| x|-| |v |v< -<
+ | x|-|< ti| : 10 wU

gv`v Ggb vb Kiv DwPZ hLvb iv` co Ges Avjv evZvm cvq| elvKvj gv`vi DPZv mgZj _K
| DuPz KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii
w`K GUj gvwU viv jc elKvj gv`v Zix Kiv f
ne| cvij mgM MZ Kv viv fwZ Kiv hZ cvi|
Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv Ki
wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Abyhvqx

<|<| +< -i |< |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x|
|<< -|x
< |<
| = |
=x |
<|<-/<|<|+
||x
|t+/ -^+|

ne| gv`v Zwii ci 1 mvn iv` Kvbv Dg| gv`vq Rv Aev `L
Ki gv`vq ivcb KiZ ne| mnR Aiv`Mgi Rb exRi Y bxPi w`K ivLZ ne Ges exRi AvKvii wb MfxiZvq
eybZ ne|

<- < <| ^ : fvj AsKziv`Mgi Rb exRi cvKU Lvjvi ci nvjKv iv` 2
NUv Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy
_vK| H Kbv exR ecb KiZ ne| gvwUZ chv im _vKj exR bv wfRvjvI Pj|
<| |<- : exR evwnZ ivMjv `gb
1.5nvZ, c -1.5nvZ I DPZv-1nvZ
-< : 4 nvZx4 nvZ
Kiv DwPZ hLvb iv` co Ges Avjv evZvm cvq| elvKvj gv`vi DPZv mgZj _K xx | + =+
DuPz KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii
w`K GUj gvwU viv jc elKvj gv`v Zix Kiv fvj| ci gvS MZ Ki mLvb Re mvi ev Kvv w`q iL w`Z
ne| cvij mgM MZ Kv viv fwZ Kiv hZ cvi|
wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Abyhvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
<|<| +< -i |< |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x|
x|-|< <|
10 KwR
100 Mvg/2-3 gyV
50 Mvg/1 gyV
15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU
15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU
15 Mvg/3-4 wPgwU
ne| gv`v Zwii ci 1 mvn iv` Kvbv Dg| gv`vq Rv Aev `L 6-12 NUv ch wfRvbvi ci QvKbvkK viv kvab
gv`vq ivcb KiZ ne| mnR Aiv`Mgi Rb exRi Y bxPi w`K ivLZ ne Ges exRi AvKvii wb MfxiZvq
cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq cvwb bv

xx | + =+
DuPz KiZ ne hvZ MvQi Mvovq cvwb RgZ bv cvi| kxZKvj gv`v gvwUi mgZj KiZ ne| gvwU c Ki evwnii
vj| ci gvS MZ Ki mLvb Re mvi ev Kvv w`q iL w`Z
12 NUv ch wfRvbvi ci QvKbvkK viv kvab
gv`vq ivcb KiZ ne| mnR Aiv`Mgi Rb exRi Y bxPi w`K ivLZ ne Ges exRi AvKvii wb MfxiZvq
3 NUv wKq wbZ ne| AZci 2-3

Kivi Rb ecbi c~e kvab Ki wbZ ne
2 Mvg QvKbvkK eenvi Ki exR kvab Kiv nq| exR kvabi dj
ecb cieZx wewfb ivM msgY cwZiva Kiv m e nq|

|-<^| <|$|
GK gyV gvwU nvZ wbq Pvc w`q nvZ gywe KiZ ne, gywe nvZ nvvfve Lyj w`j hw` gvwU `jv bv nq SziSzi
_vK Zv nj eySZ ne gvwUZ Rv Aev bvB Ges gvwUZ cvwbi cwigvb Kg AvQ, m mP c`vb Ki gvwUK
Rv Aevq Gb exR ecb Kiv DwPZ|
Avi hw` `jv cvwKq hvq m
fO hvq Zvnj gvwUi Rv Aev AvQ|
hw` gvwUi `jv f bv hvq Ze eySZ ne gvwUZ AwZwi
eev Ki gvwUK Rv Aevq AvbZ ne|

x|-|< |<| <| <| <$| -<| : exR ev Pviv jvMvbvi ciciB gv`vi exR ev Pviv nuvm
bv cvi mRb gv`vi Pvwiw`K euvki PUv ev Rvj w`q Niv ev eov w`Z ne|

/+|| -<| : Pviv MRvbvi 2 mvni ga gvPvq DVvbvi Rb
mv_ eua w`Z ne|

x|| |< : jvD jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evu k, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi
BZvw` viv 6-8 dzU DuPy Ki gvPv w`Z ne hvZ Ki AvcwiPhv I dmj msM
wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| djb ekx nq|
ecbi c~e kvab Ki wbZ ne cvf, evwfwb QvKbvkK w`q exR kvab Kiv hvq| cwZ KwR exRi Rb
2 Mvg QvKbvkK eenvi Ki exR kvab Kiv nq| exR kvabi dj jvD Gi Pviv amv, cvZvi `vM I dj cPv ivM Ges
ecb cieZx wewfb ivM msgY cwZiva Kiv m e nq|
Pvc w`q nvZ gywe KiZ ne, gywe nvZ nvvfve Lyj w`j hw` gvwU `jv bv nq SziSzi
Rv Aevq Gb exR ecb Kiv DwPZ|
Avi hw` `jv cvwKq hvq m gvwUi `jvwUK GK _K ò nvZ Dci _K gvwUZ dj w`j hw` SziSzi Ki
fO hvq Zvnj gvwUi Rv Aev AvQ|
hw` gvwUi `jv f bv hvq Ze eySZ ne gvwUZ AwZwi cvwb AvQ m gvwUi Xjv f cvwb wbvkbi
eev Ki gvwUK Rv Aevq AvbZ ne|
exR ev Pviv jvMvbvi ciciB gv`vi exR ev Pviv nuvm-gyiMx ev Mev`x c hvZ b KiZ
Pviv MRvbvi 2 mvni ga gvPvq DVvbvi Rb evDwb wnmve KvwV cyZ jZvwU nvjKv fve KvwVi
jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evu k, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi
8 dzU DuPy Ki gvPv w`Z ne hvZ Ki AvcwiPhv I dmj msM n KiZ myweav nq| gvPv w`j
wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| djb ekx nq|
wfwb QvKbvkK w`q exR kvab Kiv hvq| cwZ KwR exRi Rb
Pviv amv, cvZvi `vM I dj cPv ivM Ges
Pvc w`q nvZ gywe KiZ ne, gywe nvZ nvvfve Lyj w`j hw` gvwU `jv bv nq SziSzi
gvwUi `jvwUK GK _K ò nvZ Dci _K gvwUZ dj w`j hw` SziSzi Ki
cvwb AvQ m gvwUi Xjv f cvwb wbvkbi
gyiMx ev Mev`x c hvZ b KiZ
evDwb wnmve KvwV cyZ jZvwU nvjKv fve KvwVi
jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evu k, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi
n KiZ myweav nq| gvPv w`j Avjv evZvm

||i |<<<
mxgi RvZ, gvwU, Rjevqy
Rwg Zix/gv`v Zix
mvi cqvM
mxg Pvl exR ecb

x< : |x|-

it GB Awaekbi gvag AskMnYKvixMY

<+i : GB Awaekbi kl cwkYv_xMY
mxg Drcv`b Drcv`b KjvKkj mK evLv KiZ cvieb|
+| : ckvi, `jxq AvjvPbv, eenvwiK

<+< : exR bgybv, Kv`vj, Lvv, Re I ARe mvi

- |<|
<| : |x =< |, x||, <|< , xx <||<
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvi I exR bgybv c`kbi gvag
mnvqK mxg Gi wewfb RvZ mnRfve
2-3 wU cPwjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
Kjg wkwLq èb|
ckvii gvag jvD Gi gvwU, Rjevqy , gmyg I exRnvi
Kieb|

<| > <- < <| ^
ci exR Kvbv, fRvbv I kvabi iZ wbq cwkYv_xì mv_ AskMnbg~jK Avj

- : |x <|-- +|+
bi gvag AskMnYKvixMY |x Drcv`b KjvKkj welq vb ARb Kieb |
GB Awaekbi kl cwkYv_xMY
mK evLv KiZ cvieb|
ckvi, `jxq AvjvPbv, eenvwiK
, Kv`vj, Lvv, Re I ARe mvi
, x||, <|< , xx <||<
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì ckvi I exR bgybv c`kbi gvag |x< wewfb RvZ wbq AvjvPbv Kieb|
wewfb RvZ mnRfve ckvii gvag D`vniYmn Dcvcb Kieb|
wjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
gvwU, Rjevqy , gmyg I exRnvi K cwkYv_xì mwnZ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv

c |x|-
wewfb RvZ wbq AvjvPbv Kieb|
wjZ fvj RvZi exRi cvKU I exR `Lveb| KvbUv Ddmx I KvbUv nvBexW Zv Pbvi KkjwU nvZ
cwkYv_xì mwnZ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv
c |x|-
vPbv Kieb|

<| <i<||<+- x|-| <|
mnvqK cvkbv_xì 4/5wU `j fvM Ki gvV wbq wdZv viv gc gv`v nZ gv`v Ges mvwi nZ mvwii mwVK
`~iZ gv`vi vb wPwZ Ki Kv`vj I kveji mvnvR cwZ `j nZ GKwU ev `ywU Ki mwVK AvKvii gv`v Z
Kiveb|
mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag
`~iZ mK Rvbveb|
gv`vi gvwUi mv_ my cvwikKZ Re I ARe mvi wgwkq elvKvjxb (DuPz ) I kxZKvjxb (bxPz ) mewRi Rb gvwU fivU
Kiveb|
mnvqK AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag
Rvbveb|
o cwZ MZ KqvwU Pviv I exR ecb I ivcb KiZ nq?
o wKfve eybZ nq Zv AwZ mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|
Gici KZw`bi ga Ges wKfve wKmi &viv gvPv w`Z ne Zv Rvbveb|
Pj hveb|

`~iZ gv`vi vb wPwZ Ki Kv`vj I kveji mvnvR cwZ `j nZ GKwU ev `ywU Ki mwVK AvKvii gv`v Z
mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag mxg Pvli Rb Av`k gv`vi AvKvi `N , c , MfxiZv I gv`v nZ gv`vi
skMnYg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag mxg Pvl cwZ gv`vq wKwK mvi KZUzKz wKfve KLb
cwZ MZ KqvwU Pviv I exR ecb I ivcb KiZ nq?
wKfve eybZ nq Zv AwZ mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb|
KZw`bi ga Ges wKfve wKmi &viv gvPv w`Z ne Zv Rvbveb|
> |x|-
`~iZ gv`vi vb wPwZ Ki Kv`vj I kveji mvnvR cwZ `j nZ GKwU ev `ywU Ki mwVK AvKvii gv`v Zix
gv`vi AvKvi `N , c , MfxiZv I gv`v nZ gv`vi
mxg Pvl cwZ gv`vq wKwK mvi KZUzKz wKfve KLb cqvM Kib Zv

<|< : mxg Vvv I AvenvIqvq fvj Rb|
| : evsjv`k mxgi Rbwcq RvZ mg~n, Zvì ecb mg
|< -|x
<||< |x :,>, RyjvB- Avei
#| -: g -Avei
#|-> g -Avei
^|-|< | g -Avei

x|-| |< : 2.5 nvZ Ai 1 nvZ `N, 1 nvZ c
_K 1 weNZ DuPz I Pviw`K wKQz Uv Xvjy KiZ nq | c wZ kZK gv`vi msLv 20 wU| exR ecb ev Pviv ivcYi GK mvn c~e gv`v
Zwi KiZ ne| mî c _g mvn gv`v Kivi Dchy

|< <i<^|-| : Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv Ki

<|<| +< -i |x |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x| : < |
=x|-25 Mvg/1 gyV, <|<-/<|<|+-10 Mvg/2

Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| AZci cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy

<| <- <| |<| <|- +| : cwZ gv`vq 2 wU exR/1wU Ki
MRvq| exR 1 - 1.5 Bw gvwUi Mfxi ecb KiZ ne Ges exRi h w`K Y _vK m w`K gvwUi bxP w`Z ivLZ ne| AvM
cwjevM Pviv Zwi Ki wbq ci mivmwi gv`vq Pviv ivcb Kiv hvq| Pviv ivcbi mgq cwj
ecbi AvM gv`vq Rv Aev ivLZ nq| exR ecbi / Pviv ivcbi ci gvwUi imi Aev
<|- -< : gv`v nZ gv`vi `~iZ ne 2.5 nvZ|

x |$
mxg Vvv I AvenvIqvq fvj Rb|
evsjv`k mxgi Rbwcq RvZ mg~n, Zvì ecb mgq I cwZ kZK Mo djb|
<- x< -
Avei 80-100 KwR/kZK
Avei 80-100 KwR/kZK
Avei 70-80 KwR/kZK
Avei 70-80 KwR/kZK
2.5 nvZ Ai 1 nvZ `N, 1 nvZ c I gvVzg nvZ MfxiZv Ki gv`v / MZ Zwi KiZ nq| c wZwU gv`v Rwgi mgZj
_K 1 weNZ DuPz I Pviw`K wKQz Uv Xvjy KiZ nq | c wZ kZK gv`vi msLv 20 wU| exR ecb ev Pviv ivcYi GK mvn c~e gv`v
Zwi KiZ ne| mî c _g mvn gv`v Kivi Dchy mgq|
<|<| +< -i |x |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x| : < |<-10 KwR, |=|
10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU, ||x-10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU, |t+/ -^+|
Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| AZci cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq cvwb bv
cwZ gv`vq 2 wU exR/1wU Ki Pviv ecb/ivcb KiZ ne| KviY GKwU exR ecb Kij hw` bv
1.5 Bw gvwUi Mfxi ecb KiZ ne Ges exRi h w`K Y _vK m w`K gvwUi bxP w`Z ivLZ ne| AvM
cwjevM Pviv Zwi Ki wbq ci mivmwi gv`vq Pviv ivcb Kiv hvq| Pviv ivcbi mgq cwjevM wQu o dj w`q jvMvZ ne| exR
ecbi AvM gv`vq Rv Aev ivLZ nq| exR ecbi / Pviv ivcbi ci gvwUi imi Aev eyS cvwb mPi eev KiZ nq
gv`v nZ gv`vi `~iZ ne 2.5 nvZ|
I gvVzg nvZ MfxiZv Ki gv`v / MZ Zwi KiZ nq| c wZwU gv`v Rwgi mgZj
_K 1 weNZ DuPz I Pviw`K wKQzUv Xvjy KiZ nq | c wZ kZK gv`vi msLv 20 wU| exR ecb ev Pviv ivcYi GK mvn c~e gv`v
|=|-100 M vg/2-3 gy V,
10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU|
3 NUv wKq wbZ ne| AZci 2-3 NUv
Pviv ecb/ivcb KiZ ne| KviY GKwU exR ecb Kij hw` bv
1.5 Bw gvwUi Mfxi ecb KiZ ne Ges exRi h w`K Y _vK m w`K gvwUi bxP w`Z ivLZ ne| AvM
evM wQu o dj w`q jvMvZ ne| exR
eyS cvwb mPi eev KiZ nq

i|+ |<

<|< : mxg Vvv I AvenvIqvq fvj Rb| Avgvì `k
Dw`| MvQ hLbB jvMvbv nDK bv K wèmi `h GKwU wbw` chvq bv cQv ch dyj Avm bv| evsjv`k Kvb RvZB
ga Avveii AvM dyj Drcv`vb KiZ cvi bv|

| : evsjv`k mxgi Rbwcq RvZ mg~n, Zvì ecb mgq I cwZ
|< -|x <- x<
<||< |x :,>, RyjvB- Avei
#| -: g -Avei
#|-> g -Avei
^|-|< | g -Avei

x|-| |< : 2.5 nvZ Ai 1 nvZ `N, 1 nvZ c I gvVzg nvZ MfxiZv Ki gv`v / MZ Zwi KiZ nq| cwZwU gv`v Rwgi
mgZj _K 1 weNZ DuPz I Pviw`K wKQzUv Xvjy KiZ nq | cwZ kZK gv`vi msLv 20 wU| exR ecb ev Pviv ivcYi GK
mvn c~e gv`v Zwi KiZ ne| mcUî c _g mvn gv`v Kivi Dchy
|< <i<^|-| : Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv
Ki wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Abyhvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
<|<| +< -i |x |< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<<
< |<
| = |
=x |
<|<-/<|<|+
i|+ |<-|x <|-- +|+
mxg Vvv I AvenvIqvq fvj Rb| Avgvì `k Kej iwe gmygB Bnvi Pvl Kiv nq| Bnv GKwU ^ wèmx
ga Avveii AvM dyj Drcv`vb KiZ cvi bv|
Zvì ecb mgq I cwZ kZK Mo djb|
<- x< -
Avei 80-100 KwR/kZK
80-100 KwR/kZK
70-80 KwR/kZK
70-80 KwR/kZK
, 1 nvZ c I gvVzg nvZ MfxiZv Ki gv`v / MZ Zwi KiZ nq| cwZwU gv`v Rwgi
mvn c~e gv`v Zwi KiZ ne| mcUî c _g mvn gv`v Kivi Dchy mgq|
Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv
Ki wb` dmji Rb my cvwikKZ gvv Abyhvqx ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj nq|
|< x|-| | ||<+ $ |<< |<x|
10 KwR
100 Mvg/2-3 gyV
25 Mvg/1 gyV
10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU
Kej iwe gmygB Bnvi Pvl Kiv nq| Bnv GKwU ^ wèmx
, 1 nvZ c I gvVzg nvZ MfxiZv Ki gv`v / MZ Zwi KiZ nq| cwZwU gv`v Rwgi
Rwgi DeiZvi Dci wfw Ki Re mvii mv_ ivmvqwbK mvi cqvM Kij fvj djb wbwZ ne| gvwU cixv

||x
|t+/ -^+|

NUv Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| AZci cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy
cvwb bv _vK| H Kbv exR ecb KiZ ne| gvwUZ chv im _vKj exR bv wfRvjvI Pj|

<| |<- : exR evwnZ ivMjv `gb Kivi Rb
kvab Kiv hvq| cwZ KwR exRi Rb 2 Mvg QvKbvkK eenvi Ki exR kvab Kiv nq| exR kvabi dj mxg Pviv amv,
cvZvi `vM I dj cPv ivM Ges ecb cieZx wewfb ivM msgY cwZiva K

|<| |< : 4"6" AvKvii cwjw_b evM 2 fvM gvwU I 1 fvM Re mvii wgk Y Ki cwjw_b evM fwZ Ki cwZ cwYw_b 2
wU exR ecb KiZ ne| 2 mvn Gi ga cvwZ eM 1 wU mej Pviv iL evKx Pviv Ab cwjw_b evM vbvi KiZ ne|
mivmwi gvwUZ Pviv Kiv hvq| Ze cwjw_b evM Gi Pviv Kij vbvi myweav I gZz nvi Kg nq|

<| <- <| |<| <|- +| : c wZ gv`vq 2 wU exR/1wU Ki Pviv ecb/ivcb KiZ ne| KviY GKwU exR ecb Kij hw` bv
MRvq| exR 1 - 1.5 Bw gvwUi Mfxi ecb KiZ ne Ges exRi h w`
AvM cwjevM Pviv Zwi Ki wbq ci mivmwi gv`vq Pviv ivcb Kiv hvq| Pviv ivcbi mgq cwjevM wQuo dj w`q
jvMvZ ne| exR ecbi AvM gv`vq Rv Aev ivLZ nq| exR ecbi / Pviv ivcbi ci gvwUi imi Aev e
eev KiZ nq

<|- -< : gv`v nZ gv`vi `~iZ ne 2.5 nvZ

x|-|< |<| <| <| <$| -<| : exR ev Pviv jvMvbvi ciciB gv`vi exR ev Pviv nuvm
bv cvi mRb gv`vi Pvwiw`K euvki PUv ev Rvj w`q Niv

/+|| -<| : Pviv MRvbvi 2 mvni ga gvPvq DVvbvi Rb evDwb wnmve KvwV cyZ jZvwU nvjKv fve KvwVi
mv_ eua w`Z ne|
x|| |< : mxgi Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi BZ
Ki w`Z nq |

10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU
10 Mvg/2-3 wPgwU
NUv Vvv Kivi ci 6 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| AZci cvwb nZ Zyj Qvqvhy vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq
cvwb bv _vK| H Kbv exR ecb KiZ ne| gvwUZ chv im _vKj exR bv wfRvjvI Pj|
Kivi Rb ecbi c~e kvab Ki wbZ ne cvf, evwfwb QvKbvkK w`q exR
cvZvi `vM I dj cPv ivM Ges ecb cieZx wewfb ivM msgY cwZiva Kiv me nq|
6" AvKvii cwjw_b evM 2 fvM gvwU I 1 fvM Re mvii wgk Y Ki cwjw_b evM fwZ Ki cwZ cwYw_b 2
Pviv Kiv hvq| Ze cwjw_b evM Gi Pviv Kij vbvi myweav I gZz nvi Kg nq|
c wZ gv`vq 2 wU exR/1wU Ki Pviv ecb/ivcb KiZ ne| KviY GKwU exR ecb Kij hw` bv
1.5 Bw gvwUi Mfxi ecb KiZ ne Ges exRi h w`K Y _vK m w`K gvwUi bxP w`Z ivLZ ne|
jvMvZ ne| exR ecbi AvM gv`vq Rv Aev ivLZ nq| exR ecbi / Pviv ivcbi ci gvwUi imi Aev e
2.5 nvZ|
exR ev Pviv jvMvbvi ciciB gv`vi exR ev Pviv nuvm-gyiMx ev Mev`x c hvZ b KiZ
Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi BZ
wKq wbZ ne| AZci 2-3
vb wKq wbZ ne| hb exRi Mvq
cvf, evwfwb QvKbvkK w`q exR
6" AvKvii cwjw_b evM 2 fvM gvwU I 1 fvM Re mvii wgk Y Ki cwjw_b evM fwZ Ki cwZ cwYw_b 2
c wZ gv`vq 2 wU exR/1wU Ki Pviv ecb/ivcb KiZ ne| KviY GKwU exR ecb Kij hw` bv
K Y _vK m w`K gvwUi bxP w`Z ivLZ ne|
jvMvZ ne| exR ecbi AvM gv`vq Rv Aev ivLZ nq| exR ecbi / Pviv ivcbi ci gvwUi imi Aev eyS cvwb mPi
gyiMx ev Mev`x c hvZ b KiZ
Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci MvQi Dci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi BZvw` viv gvPv Zwi

x|| |<< <+< t euvk, KvV, myZwj, wR AvB Zvi, bU, cvwK `wo|

x|| |<< +| : MvQi Pviv hLb evoZ i Ki ZLb gvPv Kiv ìKvi| mvaviYZt evuk ev KvV w`q gvPv Zwi Kiv nq|
3-4 nvZ DuPy Ki gvPv w`j AvcwiPhv I

x|| |<< |<<| : djb ekx nq| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi| hvZ Ki
Av:cwiPhv I dmj msMn KiZ myweav nq|
t euvk, KvV, myZwj, wR AvB Zvi, bU, cvwK `wo|
Pviv hLb evoZ i Ki ZLb gvPv Kiv ìKvi| mvaviYZt evuk ev KvV w`q gvPv Zwi Kiv nq|
4 nvZ DuPy Ki gvPv w`j AvcwiPhv I dmj msMn mnRZi nq|
djb ekx nq| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi| hvZ Ki
Av:cwiPhv I dmj msMn KiZ myweav nq|
Pviv hLb evoZ i Ki ZLb gvPv Kiv ìKvi| mvaviYZt evuk ev KvV w`q gvPv Zwi Kiv nq|
djb ekx nq| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi| hvZ Ki

- : +<+< +x |<+-| <||-|
||i |<<<
+<+< +x |<+-| <||

Kzgov RvZxq mewR Pvli Kg cwiKbv Zix Kieb|
gvKU cgvUiiv m Abyhvqx mnvqZvi cwiKbv Kieb|

x< : 30 wgwbU

+| : ckvi

<+< : KvMR, Kjg

|- |<-i : U AvKwZ

- |<|
mkbi iZ mnvqK c~e cKZ QK cwZ m`mi wbKU _K Zvì gv`v Zixi cwiKbvi ZvwiL wjL
ivLeb|
KvZixi cwiKbvi ZvwiL wjL ivLeb|
`ji mKji viv gbvbxZ GKRb KlK/KlvYx GB cwiKbv gwbUwis I evevqbi `vwqZ wbeb| wZwb
cqvRb KvwiMwi wewfb welq m`mì
mnvqK AskMnYgyjK cwZZ my Y KvmwU cy YivjvPbv Kieb|
AvMvgx cwkYi ZvwiL, mgq, vb I welqe mK Rvbveb|
mKjK cwkY Avmvi Ges mgq Ìqvi Rb AveviI abev` Rvwbq cwkYi mgvw Kieb|
- : +<+< +x |<+-| <||-|
+<+< +x |<+-| <||-|
Kzgov RvZxq mewR Pvli Kg cwiKbv Zix Kieb|
c~e cKZ QK cwZ m`mi wbKU _K Zvì gv`v Zixi cwiKbvi ZvwiL wjL
KvZixi cwiKbvi ZvwiL wjL ivLeb|
cqvRb KvwiMwi wewfb welq m`mìK cybivq civgk wèb|
c~e cKZ QK cwZ m`mi wbKU _K Zvì gv`v Zixi cwiKbvi ZvwiL wjL

|x+
-t
+<+< -|x

+<+< +x |<+-|< v+
||<
x|-| <|
|< <|
<| t <| <-

+-1|f <|

<|< <- |<|<|- |<<<+ +<+ |$ ||<+|
|+||- ||< |<<-
<|< <- |<|<|- |<<<+ +<+ |$ ||<+|

^|- : Av`k KlKi evox/Lvgvi
|$+ :
mgq t 4 NUv

+<+ |$ | : |+||- ||< |<<-

mkb mgq AvjvP welq
1 10 wgwbU <+|<-| -
cwiPq ce
cwkYi j I Dk evLv
2 40 wgwbU <i<||<+
+x$| |<<|<< <|< |+|<<|
mvii DcwicqvM
gvPv Zix, QuvUvBKiY, wbovwb, mP I
wbvkb
Kwg civMvqb
3 60 wgwbU
Kzgov cwievii mewRi ivM I cvKv
AvBwmGg
<i<||<+
m divgb
welUvc vcb
ev`vwgvi Zix
flR evjvBbvkK Zix

4 20 wgwbU
Kzgov cwievii mewR msMn Kkj
djb ZviZgi Kvib
KvwLZ djb cvIqvi Dcvq
msMnvi eevcbv
5 30 wgwbU |x< |+ |<<|, <||# <i<^|-|,
t -
mvii DcwicqvM
wbvkb
mxgi ivM I cvKv Pbv
AvBwcGg cwZZ evjvB eevcb
6 20 wgwbU |< |x |< |< <i< ||<
7 10 wgwbU +<+< +x |<+-|< v+
+<+ |$ | : |+||- ||< |<<-
cwkY cwZ mnvqK
<+|<-| -
cwiPq ce
cwkYi j I Dk evLv
AvjvPbv wU
+x$| |<<|<< <|< |+|<<|
mvii DcwicqvM
wbvkb
Kwg civMvqb
ckvi,
AvjvPbv I
eenvwiK

wUI
Kzgov cwievii mewRi ivM I cvKv
AvBwmGg
<i<||<+
m divgb vcb
welUvc vcb
ev`vwgvi Zix
flR evjvBbvkK Zix
ckvi, bgybv
c`kb I `jxq
AvjvPbv
wUI
Kzgov cwievii mewR msMn Kkj
djb ZviZgi Kvib
msMnvi eevcbv
ckvi,
eenvwiK, bgybv
c`kb I `jxq
AvjvPbv
wUI
|x< |+ |<<|, <||# <i<^|-|,
t -
mvii DcwicqvM
wbvkb
mxgi ivM I cvKv Pbv
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Kjg Kwg civMvqb KiZ cvieb|
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jvDGi AvcwiPhv nvZ Kjg wkLvbvi Rb Awaekb msjM GKwU gv`vi KvQ
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euvk, Kw, Zvi viv GKwU Av`k gvPv Zix Ki `Lveb|
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25Mvg/1 gyV 25 Mvg/1 gyV -
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25 Mvg/1 gyV 25 Mvg/1 gyV 25/1 gyV
wis cwZZ MvQi Mvov _K 1 weNZ `~i Nywiq gv`v cwZ 1 gyV BDwiqv I 1 gyV jvj/Ggwc mvii cvk
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AvMvQv MvQ cqvMKZ mvi Mnb Ki Ges MvQK `yej Ki `q I wVKfve evoZ `q bv| MvQi Mvovi
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-
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25 Mvg/1 gyV
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|-|- |<<| : MvQi Mvov cPv ivM nZ MvQK evuPvbv me| MvQi e w ^vfvweK ivLv me|

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v||#+< : jvD MvQ gvPvq bv DVv ch hZ cvkkvLv ei nq Zv avivjv PvKz viv KvUZ ne|
i Kij aivjv PvKz viv WMv KU w`Z nq|
evi evi KiZ ne| GZ MvQ Svcvjv ne Ges AwaK djb è| GKB mv_ kvKI wew Kiv hve| GQvov cyivZb, ivM I
cvKv Avv cvZv, AwZwi Wvjcvjv, cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY Ki djZ ne| ci QvUvBKZ Ask h Kvb QvK bvkK
c Kij fvj ne|

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wbPi w`K Kzwk KvUj Mvov cwivi _vK, ivM I cvKvi Avkqj b nq|
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KvswLZ AvKvii dj cvIqv hvq, dmji djb ew nq|
MvQ Svcvjv ne I ekx dj aie|

x|| |< : jvD jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn
ci MvQi Dci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi BZvw` viv
dzU DuPy Ki gvPv w`Z ne hvZ Ki AvcwiPhv I dmj msM
KiZ myweav nq| gvPv w`j Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ
cvi| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| djb ekx nq|

<||<- : Kzgov RvZxq mewRi x I cyil dzj Avjv`v Ajv`vfve dvU dj Gì civMqb c avbZt KxUcZ viv mvb
nq| ZvB AbK mgq KvswLZ KxUcZi Afv
nq| K wg civMvqb Gi gag 30-35 fvM djb ewk cvIqv me|
Qwe: nvZ Kv`vji mvnvR gvwU AvjMvKiY
MvQi Mvov cPv ivM nZ MvQK evuPvbv me| MvQi ew ^vfvweK ivLv me|
UZ h PUv/Ai co Zv wbovwb eenvi Ki f w`Z ne| GZ gvwUi wfZi
evZvm PjvPj ew cvq| wkKoi e w fvjv ne| MvQi ew fvjv ne|
jvD MvQ gvPvq bv DVv ch hZ cvkkvLv ei nq Zv avivjv PvKz viv KvUZ ne| jvD MvQ gvPvq DV evIqv
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cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY Ki djZ ne| ci QvUvBKZ Ask h Kvb QvK bvkK
Abvb cwiPhvi KvR mnR nq| MvQi wfZi evZvm PjvPj mnR nq|
ii dj cvIqv hvq, dmji djb ew nq|
MvQ Svcvjv ne I ekx dj aie|
jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn
ci MvQi Dci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR AvB Zvi BZvw` viv 6-8
dzU DuPy Ki gvPv w`Z ne hvZ Ki AvcwiPhv I dmj msMn
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cvi| ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq| djb ekx nq|
Kzgov RvZxq mewRi x I cyil dzj Avjv`v Ajv`vfve dvU dj Gì civMqb c avbZt KxUcZ viv mvb
xUcZi Afve civMvqb bv nIqvi Kvib djb Kg hvq| G Kwg civMvqb cqvRb
35 fvM djb ewk cvIqv me|
Qwe: nvZ Kv`vji mvnvR gvwU AvjMvKiY
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jvD MvQ gvPvq DV evIqv
nvZ j^v nj c~ Yivq WMv KvUZ nq| Gfve
cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY Ki djZ ne| ci QvUvBKZ Ask h Kvb QvK bvkK
Kzgov RvZxq mewRi x I cyil dzj Avjv`v Ajv`vfve dvU dj Gì civMqb c avbZt KxUcZ viv mvb
Kvib djb Kg hvq| G Kwg civMvqb cqvRb

Kwg civMvqbi wbqg njv dzj dvUvi ci cyil dzj wQuo wbq dyji cuvcwo jv Acmvib Kiv nq| cy sdzji civMiYy
Av Ki UvKv w`q x dz ji Mfgyi Dci Ìqv nq| GKwU cyil dzj w`q 4
dzj weKvj ejv dvU ZvB GB KvRwU weKvjejv Kiv DwPZ|
q x dz ji Mfgyi Dci Ìqv nq| GKwU cyil dzj w`q 4-5 wU x dzj civMvqb Kiv me|
dzj weKvj ejv dvU ZvB GB KvRwU weKvjejv Kiv DwPZ|
5 wU x dzj civMvqb Kiv me| jvD Gi

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m divgb, welUvc I ev`vwgvi Zix I eenvi KiZ cvieb|

x< : 1 NUv 40 wgwbU


<+< : <i<||<+ +| <+<
mewRi ivM, cvKvv bgybv, wZi jb, cvKvi bgybv A_ev Qwe c`k Y
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welUvc Zwii Kkj-cvwKi ev gvwUi cv 2wU, cuvKv wgw Kzgov 100 Mvg, KvivcvBwidm RvZxq KxUbvkK
50 wgwj, euvk, iwk
ev`vwgKPvi Zixi Kkj-evjwZ 1wU, gM 2wU, cvwb 10wjUvi, Pzb 125 Mvg, ZzyZ 125 Mvg

- |<|
<| : : |< =< <| |+| -|
AskMnYKvixì jvD Gi ivM I cvKv nvZ Kjg `Lvbvi Rb cwkY msjM Kvb mewRi Z wbq
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`Lveb|
cvKv wj `gb Kivi Rb mgw^Z dmj eevcbv AbymiY Ki GK GK wck gi djv, nvZ Rvj viv
aiv, m divgb, welUvc emvbv welq wbq AskMnbK
- : |< =< <| |+| -x-
wbRiv Kzgov RvZxq mewRi c avb c avb ivM I cvKv wPbZ cvieb|
ivgb, welUvc I ev`vwgvi Zix I eenvi KiZ cvieb|
mewRi ivM, cvKvv bgybv, wZi jb, cvKvi bgybv A_ev Qwe c`k Y- ivM I cvKvi bgybv, i
m divgb, ov mvevb, cvwb, cvwKi eqvg, euvk, Zvi, iwk
cvwKi ev gvwUi cv 2wU, cuvKv wgw Kzgov 100 Mvg, KvivcvBwidm RvZxq KxUbvkK
evjwZ 1wU, gM 2wU, cvwb 10wjUvi, Pzb 125 Mvg, ZzyZ 125 Mvg
<| |+| -|
ivM I cvKv nvZ Kjg `Lvbvi Rb cwkY msjM Kvb mewRi Z wbq
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iv, m divgb, welUvc emvbv welq wbq AskMnbKvixì mwnZ AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb|
ivM I cvKvi bgybv, ivM I cvKvi

cvwKi ev gvwUi cv 2wU, cuvKv wgw Kzgov 100 Mvg, KvivcvBwidm RvZxq KxUbvkK
|x|-
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GKBfve jvD Gi cvDWvix wgjwWD I gvRvBK fvBivm ivMi jb I `gb eevcbv nvZ Kjg
wkLveb|

<| : > |#|=x
mnvqK AvBwmGg wK, Kb I Gi g~ jbxwZ mnRfve Dcvcb Kieb
ivmvqwbK evjvBbvkK eenvii mZK

cvDWvix wgjwWD I gvRvBK fvBivm ivMi jb I `gb eevcbv nvZ Kjg
:c |x|-
ivmvqwbK evjvBbvkK eenvii mZKZv I flR evjvBbvkK eenvii my weavmg~n Rvbveb|
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:c |x|-

<| : <i<||<+-+ <|x- <|
mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPvbvi gvag
mnvqK AskMnbKvixì 2/3 wU `j fvM Kieb|
mnvqK cwZ `j m divgb wj
AZtci GKwU 8-10 mwg Zvii GKcv viv dvivgbwU I Ab cv cvwKi eqvgi gyLi gvSLvb wbw`
vb eua wèb, cwZwU `jK wq cwqvwU Kiveb|
cvwKi eqvgi gy L jvwMq cvi bxPi 5
w`K dj eivei Sz wjq w`Z ejeb hvZ Ki cvKv Z XvKvi mgq divgb viv AvK nq|

<| : <i<||<+-|<<| <|
mnvqK cwZ `j welUvc Zixi DcKiY 200 Mvg cuvKv wgw Kzgov `y
KvivcvBwidm RvZxq wel, PvKz , wZbwU 4
mieivn Kieb|
wgw Kzgov PvKz viv QvU QvU UzKiv Ki ci KvVi UzKiv viv _Zwjq GKwU cv wbq Zvi mv_ 20 wgwj
KvivcvBwidm RvZxq wel KvwV w`q fvjfve wgkveb Ges cwZ `jK w`q cwqvwU Kiveb|
welUvcmn cvwU Zi hw`K w`q cvKv XvK mw`K wZbwU 4
ejeb hvZ cvwU kfve AUKvbv hvq|
welUvcmn cvwUK LywU wZbwUi bxPiw`K 1
cv DvKi AvUwKq w`Z ejeb hvZ ewi cvwb welUvcwUZ bv co|
welUvc Migi w`b 2 w`b Ges kxZi w`b 4 w`b ch ivLvi ci welUvc dj w`q bZzb Ki Avevi Zwi
KiZ ne welqwU Rvwbq mgM cwqwvU c~ Yivq ej mKjK Rvbveb|

<| : c <i<||<+-<|-||x+|< <|
mnvqK cwZ `j ev`vwgvi Zixi
gZv mb evjwZ, `ywU KvwV I 2 wU cvwKi gM mieivn Kie
c _g QvU `yBwU cv 1 wjUvi Ki cvwb wbq Pzb I ZzuZ Avjv`vfve KvwV viv jbvi cwqvwU Kiveb|
ci evjwZZ 8 wjUvi cvwbZ cyei cZK Z Pzb I Zz uZi wgk Y hvM Kiveb| Gi ci GKwU eo KwV wbq fvj fve
wgk YwU wgkvZ ne Zv Rvwbq Gi eenviwewa Rv
cwikl AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag mkbi mvi msc Ki mkbi mgvw Kieb I cii mkb
Pj hveb|

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mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag
+ <|x- <|
mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPvbvi gvag m divgb wK, Ges eenviwewa mK Rvbveb|
mnvqK AskMnbKvixì 2/3 wU `j fvM Kieb|
m divgb wjIi ev Uvc cvwKi cv, Zvi I iv mvevb mieivn Kieb|
10 mwg Zvii GKcv viv dvivgbwU I Ab cv cvwKi eqvgi gyLi gvSLvb wbw`
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cvwKi eqvgi gy L jvwMq cvi bxPi 5-10 mwg ch iv mvevb wgwkZ cvwb viv fwZ Ki evMvbi `wb
w`K dj eivei Sz wjq w`Z ejeb hvZ Ki cvKv Z XvKvi mgq divgb viv AvK nq|

welUvc Zixi DcKiY 200 Mvg cuvKv wgw Kzgov `ywU gvwU ev cvwKi cv, 20 wgwj
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KvivcvBwidm RvZxq wel KvwV w`q fvjfve wgkveb Ges cwZ `jK w`q cwqvwU Kiveb|
welUvcmn cvwU Zi hw`K w`q cvKv XvK mw`K wZbwU 4-5nvZ j^v euvki UzKiv gvwUZ Ggbfve cyZZ
fve AUKvbv hvq|
bxPiw`K 1-1.5 nvZ DPZvq AvUKvZ ejeb Ges Dcii w`K Avi GKwU Lvwj
cv DvKi AvUwKq w`Z ejeb hvZ ewi cvwb welUvcwUZ bv co|
q mgM cwqwvU c~ Yivq ej mKjK Rvbveb|
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mnvqK cwZ `j ev`vwgvi Zixi DcKiY 125Mvg Pzb, 125Mvg ZzuZ, 10 wjUvi cvwb, GKwU 15 wjUvi avib
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wgk YwU wgkvZ ne Zv Rvwbq Gi eenviwewa Rvbveb|
||#-|+ <i<|<< +| ||< <||#-|+ <i<|<< + : |x|-
ivmvqwbK evjvBbvkK eenvii mgq h mKj meavbZv AwZ Riix Zv mKjK Rvbveb gb PjZ ejeb|
mnvqK AskMnbg~jK AvjvPbvi gvag AwZwi ivmvqwbK evjvBbvkK eenvii Kzdj mg~n AvjvPbv Kieb|
:c |x|-

10 mwg Zvii GKcv viv dvivgbwU I Ab cv cvwKi eqvgi gyLi gvSLvb wbw`
mwg ch iv mvevb wgwkZ cvwb viv fwZ Ki evMvbi `wb

:c |x|-
wU gvwU ev cvwKi cv, 20 wgwj
5 nvZ j^v euvki UzKiv, wgw Kzgov _Zjvbvi gZ fvix KvVi UzKiv
5nvZ j^v euvki UzKiv gvwUZ Ggbfve cyZZ
1.5 nvZ DPZvq AvUKvZ ejeb Ges Dcii w`K Avi GKwU Lvwj
:c |x|-
DcKiY 125Mvg Pzb, 125Mvg ZzuZ, 10 wjUvi cvwb, GKwU 15 wjUvi avib
|x|-
veb gb PjZ ejeb|
mg~n AvjvPbv Kieb|

i|+ |<
|< =< <|- |+|, |< << -x- <i<^|

|+|< -|x : gvwQ cvKv
|< <<
KwP dji wfZi wWg cvovi ci dji Mvq Avgbi wP `Lv hvq|
wWg _K Kxov ei nq dji kvum Lq eo nZ _vK| dj Avv dj cP Si co|
eP _vKv Avv dj weK Z nq hvq|
|+|<
Avv MvQ Kxovmn msMn Ki gvwUZ cyZ ivLZ ne|
wWgmn cvZv msMn Ki cywoq djZ ne|
mdivgb eenvi|
AvgYi gvv ekx nj 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 10 wgwj/Mvg wWcUvi ev mKzdb wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|
|+|< -|x : | |+|
|< <<
GB cvKvi Kxov MvQi wkKo Lq MvQK `~ej Ki dj|
~ Yv cvKv Pviv MvQi cvZv Mvj Ki Lq wQ`
eq MvQi cvZvi wkiv Dcwkiv jv Lq cvZvi m~b meyR Ask b Ki|
dzj I KwP dj Avgb Ki|

gvwQ cvKvi g_
i|+ |<- |< =< <| |+| -x- <i<^|-|
<|- |+|, |< << -x- <i<^|
cvovi ci dji Mvq Avgbi wP `Lv hvq|
wWg _K Kxov ei nq dji kvum Lq eo nZ _vK| dj Avv dj cP Si co|
eP _vKv Avv dj weK Z nq hvq|
Avv MvQ Kxovmn msMn Ki gvwUZ cyZ ivLZ ne|
wWgmn cvZv msMn Ki cywoq djZ ne|
GB cvKvi Kxov MvQi wkKo Lq MvQK `~ej Ki dj|
~ Yv cvKv Pviv MvQi cvZv Mvj Ki Lq wQ` Ki dj| cvZvi wKbviv LZ LZ m~b cvZv Lq dj|
eq MvQi cvZvi wkiv Dcwkiv jv Lq cvZvi m~b meyR Ask b Ki|
gvwQ cvKvi g_ gvwQ cvKvi wKov ev gvMvU
Ki dj| cvZvi wKbviv LZ LZ m~b cvZv Lq dj|
gvwQ cvKvi wKov ev gvMvU

|+|<
Pviv Avv nj nvZ w`q c~ Y eq cvKv ai gi djv|
Z me mgq cwivi ivLZ ne|
QvB eenvi Kiv|
wbg cvZvi im eenvi Ki `gb Kiv hvq|
AvgYi gvv ekx nj 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 20 Mvg mwfb (Kvevwij) wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|

|+|< -|x : +|| |+| <| #||+-| |<

| |l l l l
Pviv Avv nj nvZ w`q c~ Y eq cvKv ai gi djv|
wbg cvZvi im eenvi Ki `gb Kiv hvq|
|+|< -|x : +|| |+| <| #||+-| |<

|< <<
G cvKvi Kxov Ges cy Yv Dfq avcB dmji wZi cwigvY e
gZ Ki dj |
Gic Avv cvZv axi axi kywKq Si co Ges MvQ cvZv k~b nq hvq

|+|<
Avv MvQ nZ wWgi Mv`v, Kxov, I cywj aesm KiZ ne|

|< =< <|- <|< ||+|, |< |< -x- <i<^|

|-| $| <| <| |<+|<| |x|+<
cvZvi Dfq cvk c _g mv`v mv`v cvDWvi ev uov `Lv hvq|
axi axi G `vMjv eo nq dj MvQ ek `~e
Kvb GKwU jZvi cvZvq AvgY ewk nj axi axi mB jZv I ci cyiv MvQB gi hZ cvi|
GgbwK dj Si hZ cvi|
hw` AvMvg Pvl Kiv nq Ze G ivMi jY ewk `Lv hvq|
KuvUvj cvKv
G cvKvi Kxov Ges cy Yv Dfq avcB dmji wZi cwigvY ewk | Giv cvZvi meyR Ask Lq cvZvK ^Q Rvji
Gic Avv cvZv axi axi kywKq Si co Ges MvQ cvZv k~b nq hvq
Avv MvQ nZ wWgi Mv`v, Kxov, I cywj aesm KiZ ne|
i cvwbZ 20 Mvg mwfb (Kvevwij) wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|
<|- <|< ||+|, |< |< -x- <i<^|
cvZvi Dfq cvk c _g mv`v mv`v cvDWvi ev uov `Lv hvq|
axi axi G `vMjv eo nq dj MvQ ek `~e j nq co ZvQvov `vMjv ev`vwg nq wKq hvq|
Kvb GKwU jZvi cvZvq AvgY ewk nj axi axi mB jZv I ci cyiv MvQB gi hZ cvi|
hw` AvMvg Pvl Kiv nq Ze G ivMi jY ewk `Lv hvq|
wk | Giv cvZvi meyR Ask Lq cvZvK ^Q Rvji
i cvwbZ 20 Mvg mwfb (Kvevwij) wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|
j nq co ZvQvov `vMjv ev`vwg nq wKq hvq|

||+ ||

-x- <i<^|-|
G ivMi cwZKvii Rb Avv cvZv I MvQ msMn Ki cy woq djZ ne|
Rwgi Avkcvk Kzgov RvZxq Ab h Kvb iKgi mewR Pvl _K weiZ _vKv|
Rwgi Avk cvki nvwZuo RvZxq AvMvQv `gb Kiv| AvMvg Pvl Ki ivMi cKvc Kgvbv hvq|
ev`vwgvi Ki G ivM wbq Y Kiv hvq|
cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 30 Mvg WvB_b Gg

x||#+ |#<| <|
Pvivi exR c njy` nq Ges Pviv bwZq co|
cvZvi Dci Qvc Qvc Amg AvKvii gvRvBKi gZ `vM co|
Avv cvZv QvU weKZ I bxPi w`K KuvKov
cvZv AvswkK fve nj` nq KuzPK hvq I dji Pvgov `LZ Amgvb nq|
KwP dj LmLm QvU I `vMhy nq|

||+ || ||+ +|+
i Rb Avv cvZv I MvQ msMn Ki cy woq djZ ne|
Rwgi Avkcvk Kzgov RvZxq Ab h Kvb iKgi mewR Pvl _K weiZ _vKv|
Rwgi Avk cvki nvwZuo RvZxq AvMvQv `gb Kiv| AvMvg Pvl Ki ivMi cKvc Kgvbv hvq|
ev`vwgvi Ki G ivM wbq Y Kiv hvq|
wZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 30 Mvg WvB_b Gg-45 (gvbKvRe) wgwkq Ki GB ivM `gb Kiv hvq|
Pvivi exR c njy` nq Ges Pviv bwZq co|
cvZvi Dci Qvc Qvc Amg AvKvii gvRvBKi gZ `vM co|
Avv cvZv QvU weKZ I bxPi w`K KuvKovbv weeY nq hvq|
cvZv AvswkK fve nj` nq KuzPK hvq I dji Pvgov `LZ Amgvb nq|
nq|

45 (gvbKvRe) wgwkq Ki GB ivM `gb Kiv hvq|

-x- <i<^|-|
Avv MvQ Zzj asm Kiv/gvwUZ cyuZ djv/cywoq djv|
Z AvMvQv gy ivLv|
ivMgy exR eenvi Kiv|
MvQ QvB cqvM Kiv|
evnK cvKv (cvZvi im Pz l LvIqv cvKv) wbqY ivLv|
cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 5 wgwj GWgvqi (BwgWvKvivwcW) Ki evnK cvKv wbq Y Kiv hvq|
wbg cvZvi im eenvi Ki evnK cvKv `gb Kiv hvq|
AvgYi gvv ekx nj K wl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki `gb eev Mnb

<||# : dmj Drcv`b AbvKvwLZ h mKj Dcv`vbi Kvib djb Kwgq `q ev AKvj MvQ gi hvq mB mKj Dcv`vbK
evjvB ev Avc` ejv nq| wbgwjwLZ wZbwU Dcv`vbi Kvib dmj mevwaK wZM nq ej Gì `gb Kiv Riix|
1. AvMvQv
2. ivM
3. KxUcZ
dmj Drcv`b GB mKj Avc` `gb wewfb aibi Avc` `gb eevcbv Mnb Kiv nq hvi mgw^Z ic mgw^Z dmj
eevcbv|

gvRvBK fvBivm ivM
Avv MvQ Zzj asm Kiv/gvwUZ cyuZ djv/cywoq djv|
vnK cvKv (cvZvi im Pzl LvIqv cvKv) wbqY ivLv|
wbg cvZvi im eenvi Ki evnK cvKv `gb Kiv hvq|
AvgYi gvv ekx nj Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki `gb eev Mnb KiZ ne|
dmj Drcv`b AbvKvwLZ h mKj Dcv`vbi Kvib djb Kwgq `q ev AKvj MvQ gi hvq mB mKj Dcv`vbK
c` `gb wewfb aibi Avc` `gb eevcbv Mnb Kiv nq hvi mgw^Z ic mgw^Z dmj
dmj Drcv`b AbvKvwLZ h mKj Dcv`vbi Kvib djb Kwgq `q ev AKvj MvQ gi hvq mB mKj Dcv`vbK
c` `gb wewfb aibi Avc` `gb eevcbv Mnb Kiv nq hvi mgw^Z ic mgw^Z dmj

x| <i<^|-|
mgw^Z evjvB eevcbv Ggb GKwU cwZ hLvb evjvB `gbi me iKg wbqb cwZi mg^q mvab Ki Kwl cwieki cvk
cwZwqv bybZg chvq iL Avc` mg~nK A_bwZK fve wZKi avci bxP ivLv nq| hgb
cwiPhv, hvwK, ivmvqwbK BZvw` |
x| <i<^|-|< x-||
my mej dmj Drcv`b
DcKvix cvKv gvKo msiY
wbqwgZ gvV cwi`kb
PvlxK wmv Mnb mg Ki Zvjv

x| <i<^|-|< |<<|x
cvKwZK cwieki fvimvg iv I `~lYgy
evjvBbvkKi cwiwgZ eenvii dj dmji Drcv`b LiP Kg nq|
G cwZZ KxUbvkKi cvk cwZwqv Kg hvq|
evjvBmg~n ivmvqwbK èi wei cwZiva gZv ARb KiZ cvi bv|
mvaviYZ GKB RwgZ GKB dmj c~bt c~bt Pvl nq bv|
G cwZ DcKvix cvYx hgb- gvQ, cvwL, ggvwQ Ges Abvb cvwY msiY mvnvh Ki|
A_bwZK fve jvfevb nIqv hvq|
cvwYKjK ^vnvbxi nvZ _K iv Ki|

x| <i<^|-|< <|-|-x
AvaywbK Pvlvev`
evjvB mnbkxj RvZi Pvl
hvwK wbqb cwZ
DcKvix cvKv gvKo msiY
ivmvqwbK wbqb eev

<||#-|+ <i<|<< +|
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq nvZ bv jvM Ggb Kvb wRwbm nvZ ciZ nq, hgb
gv ev MvgQv viv gy L ea I Pkgv ci evjvBbvkK
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq hb kixii wekl Ki ZKi msk bv Avm mw`K j ivLZ nq|
evjvBbvkK evZvmi w`K c Kiv|
evjvBbvkK cqvMi mgq aygcvb ev Ab Kvb Lv` MnY bv Kiv|
weKvj 3Uvi ci evjvBbvkK c Kiv|
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq gvv wVK i
wb` evjvBqi Rb K wl wefvM KZK Abygvw`Z evjvBbvkK c Kiv|
ewi mvebv _vKj ev AvKvk gNjv _vKj c bv Kiv|

mgw^Z evjvB eevcbv Ggb GKwU cwZ hLvb evjvB `gbi me iKg wbqb cwZi mg^q mvab Ki Kwl cwieki cvk
mg~nK A_bwZK fve wZKi avci bxP ivLv nq| hgb- cvKwZK, RweK, K wl
PvlxK wmv Mnb mg Ki Zvjv
cvKwZK cwieki fvimvg iv I `~lYgy cwiek MVb mvnvh Ki|
evjvBbvkKi cwiwgZ eenvii dj dmji Drcv`b LiP Kg nq|
G cwZZ KxUbvkKi cvk cwZwqv Kg hvq|
evjvBmg~n ivmvqwbK èi wei cwZiva gZv ARb KiZ cvi bv|
GKB RwgZ GKB dmj c~bt c~bt Pvl nq bv|
gvQ, cvwL, ggvwQ Ges Abvb cvwY msiY mvnvh Ki|
A_bwZK fve jvfevb nIqv hvq|
cvwYKjK ^vnvbxi nvZ _K iv Ki|
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq nvZ bv jvM Ggb Kvb wRwbm nvZ ciZ nq, hgb- Mvfm, cwjw_b evM BZvw`|
gv ev MvgQv viv gy L ea I Pkgv ci evjvBbvkK Kiv|
evjvBbvkK evZvmi w`K c Kiv|
evjvBbvkK cqvMi mgq aygcvb ev Ab Kvb Lv` MnY bv Kiv|
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq gvv wVK ivLv ev mwVK gvvq c Kiv|
wb` evjvBqi Rb K wl wefvM KZK Abygvw`Z evjvBbvkK c Kiv|
mgw^Z evjvB eevcbv Ggb GKwU cwZ hLvb evjvB `gbi me iKg wbqb cwZi mg^q mvab Ki Kwl cwieki cvk -
cvKwZK, RweK, K wl
Mvfm, cwjw_b evM BZvw`|

GKvwaK evjvBbvkK GK wgwkZ Ki cqvM bv Ki Avjv`v fve c qvM Kiv|
cvwbi ga evjvBbvkK wgwkZ Kiv, evjvB
evjvBbvkKi evZj ev cvKUi Mvqi wb`kbv gb Pjv|
evjvBbvkK eenvii ci Lvwj evZj ev cvKU ask Kiv KvbgB Gwj Ab Kvb KvR eeenvi bv Kiv|
evjvBbvkK cqvMi ci fvjfve mvevb viv Mvmj KiZ ne|
gwkb cyKz i ev Lvji cvwbZ bv ayq evjwZZ cvwb wbq Zi ga cwivi KiZ ne|
evjvBbvkK cqvM Kiv Z jvj wbkvb jvwMq w`Z ne hvZ Ki mKj eySZ cvi|

|< =< |+| <| -x- x| <||# <i<^|-|

|-x || |<| +|-|+ <|
c _g wbg cvZv ev exR wbq wcwkq im evwni KiZ ne| ci 1 KwR imi mwnZ 5 KwR cvwb wgwkq wgk Y Zwi KiZ
ne| D wgkbwU c gwkb w`q cvKv Avv MvQ c KiZ ne|
GKvwaK evjvBbvkK GK wgwkZ Ki cqvM bv Ki Avjv`v fve c qvM Kiv|
cvwbi ga evjvBbvkK wgwkZ Kiv, evjvBbvkKi ga cvwb wgwkZ bv Kiv|
evjvBbvkK cqvMi ci fvjfve mvevb viv Mvmj KiZ ne|
i ev Lvji cvwbZ bv ayq evjwZZ cvwb wbq Zi ga cwivi KiZ ne|
evjvBbvkK cqvM Kiv Z jvj wbkvb jvwMq w`Z ne hvZ Ki mKj eySZ cvi|
|+| <| -x- x| <||# <i<^|-|
q wcwkq im evwni KiZ ne| ci 1 KwR imi mwnZ 5 KwR cvwb wgwkq wgk Y Zwi KiZ
wgkbwU c gwkb w`q cvKv Avv MvQ c KiZ ne|
q wcwkq im evwni KiZ ne| ci 1 KwR imi mwnZ 5 KwR cvwb wgwkq wgk Y Zwi KiZ

|-x <| |<| +|-|+ <|
c _gZ wbg exRK A cwigvb f wbZ ne| D
12 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| wbg exRi ga AewZ cvKv `gbi Dcv`vb GRvwWKwUb Gi ekxifvM D
ga cvwbiZ èxfZ nq hvq| D wbg exRi wbhvm wgwkZ cvwb cieZxZ cvKv Avv Z gykbi mvnvR cqv
KiZ ne| mvaviYZ cvZvi bxPi w`K Kiv Dg| cvKv `gbi Rb GB wgk Y 7w`b ci ci 3

< || <|< || + < <||#-|+
ZuZzji cvZv I klvi cvZv _K flR evjvBbvkK Dveb KiQb biwms`x Kwl mmviY Awaìi DccwiPvj
ingvb| BwZga mewRi Rb weLvZ biwms`xi wewfb DcRjvi kvKmewRi RwgZ, dji evMvb I cvbi RwgZ G flR
evjvBbvkK eeZ nQ| KlKiv ek DcKZ nIqvq `Z G evjvbvkKwU Rbwcq nq DVQ| cvkvcvkx weklivI klv I
ZuZzj cvZvi imi cvKv `gb Ges ivM cwZivai KvhKvixZv cixv Ki mvlRbK dj cqQb|

<|< +|
gy LLvjv cv 1 wjUvi cvwbZ 12 Mvg Kbv klvi cvZv mvZw`b wfwRq ivLZ ne| 7 w`b ci 1 NUv 15 wgwbU XvKbv w`q
ivKZ ne| Gici 7 w`b wQ`wenxb iwOb 2-
QuK mivmwi evjvB `gb eenvi Kiv hvq A_ev evZjRvZ Ki iL eenvi Kiv hve| cvwb 1 wjUvii ekx nj cwigvYgZ
kmvi cvZv w`q cvq `yB NUv wfwRq wm KiZ ne| klvi cvZvi evjvBbvkKi gZ ZuZzji cvZv viv GKBfve
cZ KiZ nq|

<i<|<
gwkb cwZwjUvi cvwbZ AvovB wgwjwjUvi evjvBbvkK fvjfve cvwbi mv_ wgwkq m~ Y MvQ fvjfve wfwRq KiZ
ne| cvKvi AvgY _vK ev bv _vK 5 w`b ci ci AekB KiZ ne| Aevf` cwZw`b ev GKw`b ci ciI
hvq| ZuZzji cvZvi 1 wjUvi cvwbZ 4

c _gZ wbg exRK A cwigvb f wbZ ne| D Avav fvv 50 Mvg cwigvb wbg exR 1wjUvi cwigvb cvwbZ wfRvZ ne
12 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| wbg exRi ga AewZ cvKv `gbi Dcv`vb GRvwWKwUb Gi ekxifvM D
wbg exRi wbhvm wgwkZ cvwb cieZxZ cvKv Avv Z gykbi mvnvR cqv
KiZ ne| mvaviYZ cvZvi bxPi w`K Kiv Dg| cvKv `gbi Rb GB wgk Y 7w`b ci ci 3-4 evi c KiZ ne|
< || <|< || + < <||#-|+
ZuZzji cvZv I klvi cvZv _K flR evjvBbvkK Dveb KiQb biwms`x Kwl mmviY Awaìi DccwiPvj
cwZivai KvhKvixZv cixv Ki mvlRbK dj cqQb|
-3 c`v cwjw_b w`q cvwZji gy L evqyivax Ki e ivLZ ne, Gici PvKzwb viv
kmvi cvZv w`q cvq `yB NUv wfwRq wm KiZ ne| klvi cvZvi evjvBbvkKi gZ ZuZzji cvZv viv GKBfve
ne| cvKvi AvgY _vK ev bv _vK 5 w`b ci ci AekB KiZ ne| Aevf` cwZw`b ev GKw`b ci ciI
hvq| ZuZzji cvZvi 1 wjUvi cvwbZ 4-5 wgwjwjUvi evjvBbvkK 3 w`b ci ci KiZ ne|
1wjUvi cwigvb cvwbZ wfRvZ ne
12 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| wbg exRi ga AewZ cvKv `gbi Dcv`vb GRvwWKwUb Gi ekxifvM D mgqi
wbg exRi wbhvm wgwkZ cvwb cieZxZ cvKv Avv Z gykbi mvnvR cqvM
4 evi c KiZ ne|
ZuZzji cvZv I klvi cvZv _K flR evjvBbvkK Dveb KiQb biwms`x Kwl mmviY Awaìi DccwiPvjK gKjQzi
ivax Ki e ivLZ ne, Gici PvKzwb viv
kmvi cvZv w`q cvq `yB NUv wfwRq wm KiZ ne| klvi cvZvi evjvBbvkKi gZ ZuZzji cvZv viv GKBfve evjvBbvkK
ne| cvKvi AvgY _vK ev bv _vK 5 w`b ci ci AekB KiZ ne| Aevf` cwZw`b ev GKw`b ci ciI Kiv

x||v |+| -x-< |<<|
Kijv, kmv, wgwKzgov, jvD, wPwPv a`yj dmj welUvc duv` eenvi Ki gvwQ cvKv `gb Kiv hvq| welUvci Rb 100
Mvg cvKv wgw Kygov KwyP Kz wP Ki KU _uZwjq 5 wgwjwjUvi (evi duvUv) wWcUvi/mwfb/mvBdvigvw_b RvZxq (mweb
ijvw_b BZvw`) wgwkq QvU GKvwU gvwUi cv 3 wU LuywUi mvnvh gvwU _K 1
gv_vq Ab GKwU eo gvwUi cv ivLZ ne| welUv
dj w`q bZzb Ki Avevi Zwi KiZ ne|

+ <|x- <| |+<
Kzgov cwievii mewR hgb-wgw Kzgov, jvD, Pvj Kzgov, wPwPv, Kijv, kmv BZvwì gvwQ cvKv `gb Kivi Rb md wKD
bvgK GK aibi hv`yi duv` LyeB KvhKix| GB KvR cyil cvKvK AvK Kivi Rb m divgb/ hv`

KwyP Kz wP Ki KU _uZwjq 5 wgwjwjUvi (evi duvUv) wWcUvi/mwfb/mvBdvigvw_b RvZxq (mweb
ijvw_b BZvw`) wgwkq QvU GKvwU gvwUi cv 3 wU LuywUi mvnvh gvwU _K 1-1.5 nvZ DPzZ ivLZ ne| LyuwUi 3 wUi
gv_vq Ab GKwU eo gvwUi cv ivLZ ne| welUvc MigKvj 2 w`b Ges kxZKvj 4 w`b ch KvhKi _vK ci welUvcwU
dj w`q bZzb Ki Avevi Zwi KiZ ne|

wgw Kzgov, jvD, Pvj Kzgov, wPwPv, Kijv, kmv BZvwì gvwQ cvKv `gb Kivi Rb md wKD
bvgK GK aibi hv`yi duv` LyeB KvhKix| GB KvR cyil cvKvK AvK Kivi Rb m divgb/ hv`yi duv` eeZ nq|
v|< : + <|x-
Qwe t welUvc
KwyP Kz wP Ki KU _uZwjq 5 wgwjwjUvi (evi duvUv) wWcUvi/mwfb/mvBdvigvw_b RvZxq (mweb
1.5 nvZ DPzZ ivLZ ne| LyuwUi 3 wUi
c MigKvj 2 w`b Ges kxZKvj 4 w`b ch KvhKi _vK ci welUvcwU

wgw Kzgov, jvD, Pvj Kzgov, wPwPv, Kijv, kmv BZvwì gvwQ cvKv `gb Kivi Rb md wKD
yi duv` eeZ nq|

<+<
m divgb Uvc, GKwU duv` (cvwKi cv), vcbi Rb LywU, eW ev avivjv PvKz , iwk, wWUviRU (ov mvevb) wgwkZ
cvwb|

<|x- |- ^|-< << x<
Kzgov cwievii mewRi hLb dzj Avm ZLbB RwgZ divgb duv`
vcb KiZ ne|

x| |- ^|-
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wUDewU GKwU cvKv aiv dvu` Szwjq ivLZ ne| wZb wjUvi cvwb aviY
gZv mb I 1 weNZi ekx j^v Pvi KvbvKwZ ev MvjvKvi GKwU
cvwKi cv m divgb wUDewU Sz wjq
cvKv AvK nq| cvwUi Dfq cvk 4-5 Bw DPZv Ges wbPi w`K 4
5 Bw cwigvb Ask wfyRvKvi KU djZ ne| cvi Zjv nZ KvUv
Aski wbPi w`K Kgc 1-1.5 Bw ch mvevb wgwkZ cvwb fi
ivLZ ne| cvwKi cvi gy L nZ m divgbm
GKwU mi Zvi w`q Ggbfve Sz wjq ivLZ ne hb wUDewU cvwb nZ
gv 1 Bw Dci _vK|

<i<|<< x<|x|
divgb duv` vcbi ci 3 gvm ch cyil g_ AvK KiZ cvi, 3 gvm ci divgbwU cwieZb KiZ ne|

x| |- <i<|<< x|| : cwZ `yB kZvsk Rwgi Rb GKwU duv` eenvi Kiv ìKvi|

x| |-< <^|-
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+ <|x- |-
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3 wgwjMvg cwigvb divgb fi
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gZv mb I 1 weNZi ekx j^v Pvi KvbvKwZ ev MvjvKvi GKwU
cvwKi cv m divgb wUDewU Sz wjq ivLZ ne hvZ cyil
5 Bw DPZv Ges wbPi w`K 4-
5 Bw cwigvb Ask wfyRvKvi KU djZ ne| cvi Zjv nZ KvUv
1.5 Bw ch mvevb wgwkZ cvwb fi
ivLZ ne| cvwKi cvi gy L nZ m divgbmn cvwK wUDewU
GKwU mi Zvi w`q Ggbfve Sz wjq ivLZ ne hb wUDewU cvwb nZ
3 gvm ch cyil g_ AvK KiZ cvi, 3 gvm ci divgbwU cwieZb KiZ ne|
vsk Rwgi Rb GKwU duv` eenvi Kiv ìKvi|
+ <|x- |-
3 gvm ch cyil g_ AvK KiZ cvi, 3 gvm ci divgbwU cwieZb KiZ ne|

|- ^|-< < +<-|< +|
cwZ 2/3 w`b ci ci duv` cheY KiZ ne| duvì g
cybivq cvDWvi wgwkZ cvwb w`Z ne|

<|-||x+|< |<
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^ -||
Pzb I ZzuZ Avjv`v Ki wgwn Ki ov Ki 80 Mvg Ki gc wbZ ne| QvU `ywU cv 5 wjUvi Ki cvwb wbZ ne| cwZwU
cvw ovKZ Pzb I ZzuZ Xj evugi KwV w`q bo 8
Xj w`q fvjfve SuvwKq wbZ ne| GwUB ev`vwgvi| wgk Y mwVK nj Gi iO ne Mvp bxj| meyR ev mv`vU iOi nj
eySZ ne h_vg ZzuZ I Pzb ewk nqQ| BvZi PzKz AfvM wgkY Wzevj Kvb `vM bv coj eySZ ne èYwU mwVK
nqQ Avi hw` jvjP `vM co Ze èY mvgvb Pzbi cvwb axi axi hvM Ki Avevi cixv KiZ ne| wgk YwU qwi
gwkbi mvnvR eenvi KiZ ne|

<i<|<
cZKZ ev`vwgvi Zwii 3 NUvi ga eenvi Kwij fvj dj cvIqv hvq| Kzgov cwievii mewRi Pviv c
wgjwWD, WvDwb wgjwWD ivM `gb ev`vwgvi eenvi Kiv hvq|

Qwe t ev`vwgvi Zix
cwZ 2/3 w`b ci ci duv` cheY KiZ ne| duvì ga gviv hvIqv cvKv mwiq djZ ne| duvì cvwb wKq Mj
ivMI GwU eeZ nq _vK|
3 wU, `ywU euvki KvwV, GKwU BvZi PvKz/eW
Avjv`v Ki wgwn Ki ov Ki 80 Mvg Ki gc wbZ ne| QvU `ywU cv 5 wjUvi Ki cvwb wbZ ne| cwZwU
vw ovKZ Pzb I ZzuZ Xj evugi KwV w`q bo 8-10 NUv wfwRq ivLZ ne| Gici `y cvi `KY eo cv GKmv_
wk nqQ| BvZi PzKz AfvM wgkY Wzevj Kvb `vM bv coj eySZ ne èYwU mwVK
gvi Zwii 3 NUvi ga eenvi Kwij fvj dj cvIqv hvq| Kzgov cwievii mewRi Pviv c
wWD ivM `gb ev`vwgvi eenvi Kiv hvq|
a gviv hvIqv cvKv mwiq djZ ne| duvì cvwb wKq Mj
Avjv`v Ki wgwn Ki ov Ki 80 Mvg Ki gc wbZ ne| QvU `ywU cv 5 wjUvi Ki cvwb wbZ ne| cwZwU
10 NUv wfwRq ivLZ ne| Gici `y cvi `KY eo cv GKmv_
wk nqQ| BvZi PzKz AfvM wgkY Wzevj Kvb `vM bv coj eySZ ne èYwU mwVK
gvi Zwii 3 NUvi ga eenvi Kwij fvj dj cvIqv hvq| Kzgov cwievii mewRi Pviv cuPv, cvDWvix

<||#-|+ <i<|<< +|
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evjvBbvkK evZvmi w`K c Kiv, gyL gv ev MvgQv viv gy L ea I Pkgv ci evjvB
evjvBbvkK wgkvbvi mgq gvv wVK ivLv ev mwVK gvvq c Kiv|
evjvBqi Rb Abygvw`Z evjvBbvkK c Kiv|
evjvBbvkKi evZj ev cvKUi Mvqi wb`

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DcKvix cvKvgvKo mg~nK ask Ki `q|
MvQi Ahyvj Kg hvq|
msMnxZ dmj AbK mgq wel _K hvq hv LvIqvi
ekx gvvq evjvBbvkK eenvi Kiv dmj LvIqvi dj gvbyli RwUj I gvivZK ivMi mvebv ew cvq|

evjvB `gb mwVK evjvBbvkK wbevPb KiZ KqKwU welq Lqvj ivLZ nq
evjvB mwVKfve mbv Kiv|
mbvKZ evjvB Gi Rb Abygvw`Z cwiek eve evjvBbvkK wb
h mKj dmj chvqg msMn Kiv nq wekl Ki mewR m mKj dmj cevngvb ev A evnx evjvBbvkK eenvi Kiv DwPZ
bq| Avevi wKQz cvKvgvKo Kvi ev dji wfZi _K wZ Ki Zvì `gb Aevnx evjvBbvkK eenvi KiZ nq|
Aevnx evjvBbvkK eenvii 2-4 mvn c
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evjvBbvkK evZvmi w`K c Kiv, gyL gv ev MvgQv viv gy L ea I Pkgv ci evjvBbvkK Kiv|
bvi mgq gvv wVK ivLv ev mwVK gvvq c Kiv|
evjvBqi Rb Abygvw`Z evjvBbvkK c Kiv|
Drcv`b LiP ekx, cwieki wZ|
cieZx cRbi cvKvgvKo I ivMRxevbyi evjvbvkKi iwRmU gZv ew|
DcKvix cvKvgvKo mg~nK ask Ki `q|
mgq wel _K hvq hv LvIqvi AbycvhvMx|
evjvB `gb mwVK evjvBbvkK wbevPb KiZ KqKwU welq Lqvj ivLZ nq
KZ evjvB Gi Rb Abygvw`Z cwiek eve evjvBbvkK wbevPb|
4 mvn ci dmj msMn Kiv DwPZ|
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msMnvi eevcbvi Kkj wkLeb|

x< : 40 wgwbU

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<| > |< =< - t<
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Kzgov cwievii mewRi KvswLZ djb wKfve cvIqv hvq Zv Rvbveb|
dmj msMvi eevcbv welq AvjvPbv Kieb|
cwikl AvjvwPZ welqwji Dci c~ YivjvPbv Kieb Ges mKjK abev` Rvwbq GB mkbi mgvw Kieb|

- |<xi, +|| - |<|< <|< t|< <i<^|-|
msMn Kkj mK wkLeb|

KvwLZ djb cvIqvi Dcvq wkLeb|
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wK wK Kiv ìKvi m mK wevwiZ ejeb|
mewRi djbi ZviZg wKwK Kvib nq Zv Rbveb|
mewRi KvswLZ djb wKfve cvIqv hvq Zv Rvbveb|
dmj msMvi eevcbv welq AvjvPbv Kieb|
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- |<xi, +|| - |<|< <|< t|< <i<^|-|
msMn KiZ ne Zv mnvqK AskMnYKvixì mv_ AvjvPbv Kieb|
djb I msMni ci
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i|+ |< : |< t +, - |<xi, +|| - |<|< <|< t|< <i<^|-|

t + : dzj dvUvi ev cicMvqbi
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kwgK I cwienb cvw mvc chvqg msMn KiZ nq| msMn mgq hb mZRZv, is b bv nq m w`K j ivLZ nq|
avivjv PvKz w`q evUv KvUZ ne hb, MvQi ev Kvi Kvb wZ bv nq| mKvj A_ev weKvj msMn Kiv Dg|

|< =< | + - : 170-250 KwR

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mgqgZ mwVK cwZZ mP c`vb I AwZwi
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civMvqb|

+|| - |<|< <|<
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exRwU cixwZ RvZi, PjwZ gmygi, gvUvgywU GKB AvKvii Dj eYi wbwZ nIq|
mwVKfve Rwg ev gv`v Zix Ki cqvRbxq Re I ARe mvi cqvM Kiv|
exR ecbi c~e iv` w`q wKq Vvv Ki wb` mgq wfRvbv|
exR kvab Ki Avevi wKq Vvv Ki mgqgZ exR ecb|
Pviv jZvbv Avi nj KvwV cyZ Zvi mv_ ea Ìqv|
Liv gmyg mP c`vb I elvq wbvkb
mgqgZ gvPvi eev I Kzwk KZb|
Kzgovi jvj cvKvi AvgY nj Abygvw`Z KxUbvk
divgb Uvc vcb|
dj Siv `Lv w`j evib mvi eevi Kiv|
jvD MvQi wbqwgZ WMv QuvUvB|

- |<xi, +|| - |<|< <|< t|< <i<^|-|
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mgqgZ mwVK cwZZ mylg mvi cqvM|
mgqgZ mwVK cwZZ mP c`vb I AwZwi cvwb wbvkb|
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mwVKfve Rwg ev gv`v Zix Ki cqvRbxq Re I ARe mvi cqvM Kiv|
w`q wKq Vvv Ki wb` mgq wfRvbv|
exR kvab Ki Avevi wKq Vvv Ki mgqgZ exR ecb|
Pviv jZvbv Avi nj KvwV cyZ Zvi mv_ ea Ìqv|
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Kzgovi jvj cvKvi AvgY nj Abygvw`Z KxUbvkK cqvM|
dj Siv `Lv w`j evib mvi eevi Kiv|

- |<xi, +|| - |<|< <|< t|< <i<^|-|
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c _g Avmv Kzwk KZb Kij cieZxZ GKmv_ AbK Kzwk ai|

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x <|||< < <| <|--
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exR msMn, Kvbv I msiY
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dj cvKj wb` eY avib Ki ZLb KuvwP w`q KU dj msMn KiZ ne| dj msMni ci msMnvi cwicAvi
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|/|<| < |<e|
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dj msMni ci msMn ciewZ cwicZvi Rb 5

||| < |<e|
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mewRi evRvig~j fvj _vK ZvB dmj Zvjvi ci `Z evRvi wbZ ne|
Kzgov cwievii dmji exR Drcv`bi Rb wekl KZwj welq Lqvj ivLZ ne| ay cQ`gvwdK KqKwU fvj
KB iKg dmj exR dmj wnmve wbevP Kiv hZ cvi| Ab_vq GKaibi RvZi ga Kwg

^vfvweK djwj wPwZ KiZ ne| Ab djwj Zzj mewR wnmve eenvi KiZ ne|
3 w`b Qwoq ivLZ ne|
x# <| <|| <|< -|
exRi Rb AekB my , ^vfvweK Ges fvjvfve cwic dj msMn KiZ ne|
dj bvovj wfZi exRi k cvIqv hve|
nq hve wK dji wfZi Kve bv|
i cwicZvi Rb dj 2-3 mvn Qvqvhy Vvv vb iL w`Z ne|
dj njy` ev ev`vgx is aviY Ki, cwic exR mnR gvsk _K Avjv`v nq|
dj msMni ci msMn ciewZ cwicZvi Rb 5-7 w`b Qvqvhy Vvv vb msiY KiZ ne|
dj jvjP njy` is aviY Ki Ges dj nvZ aij jyR/big gb ne|
dj msMni ci msMn cieZx cwicZvi Rb 7-10 w`b Qvqvhy vb msiY KiZ ne|
Kgjv ev Loi is aviY Ki, dji euvUv Loi is aviY Ki Ges MvQ giZ i
dj msMni ci msMn ciewZ cwicZvi Rb 4-7 mvn Qvqvhy Vvv vb msiY KiZ ne|
Z _K msMnxZ dmj cwivi Ki mveavb euvki Zix SvKvq Lo wewQq cwienb KiZ
KZwj welq Lqvj ivLZ ne| ay cQ`gvwdK KqKwU fvj
KB iKg dmj exR dmj wnmve wbevP Kiv hZ cvi| Ab_vq GKaibi RvZi ga K wg
^vfvweK djwj wPwZ KiZ ne| Ab djwj Zzj mewR wnmve eenvi KiZ ne|
exRi Rb AekB my , ^vfvweK Ges fvjvfve cwic dj msMn KiZ ne|
Vvv vb iL w`Z ne|
Vvv vb msiY KiZ ne|
vb msiY KiZ ne|
Kgjv ev Loi is aviY Ki, dji euvUv Loi is aviY Ki Ges MvQ giZ i
Vvv vb msiY KiZ ne|

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|t|/<- < |<e|
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GB Aevq exRi msMnvi cwicZvi Rb dj 2

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Kg hvq| ZvB exRK Vvv I vb msiY KiZ nq|
fvj exR msMn Ki cwivi Kivi ci Dgic KvZ ne| Kiv iv` wKq Av`Zv 8% Gi bxP Gb Vvv Kivi
ci h Kvb evqyivax cv wUbi KUv ev Wvg exR msiY KiZ ne|
Kgjv is aviY Ki, cwic exR mnR gvsm _K Avjv`v nq|
dj msMni ci msMn ciewZ cwicZvi Rb 5-7 w`b Qvqvhy Vvv vb msiY KiZ ne|
dj e`vgx is avib Kie Ges dj bvovj wfZi exRi k cvIqv hve|
GB Aevq exRi msMnvi cwicZvi Rb dj 2-3 mvn Qvqvhy vb iL w`Z ne|
exRi c avb k nQ Zvc I cvwb| exR mivmwi cvwbi msk bv AvmjI evZvm _K cvwb msMn KiZ cvi|
I vb msiY KiZ nq|
ci h Kvb evqyivax cv wUbi KUv ev Wvg exR msiY KiZ ne|
KiZ ne|
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||i |<<<

<i<||<+
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mvii DcwicqvM

mxgi Dcwi mvi cqvM mK RvbZ cvieb|
mxgi Kwg civMvqb KLb wKfve Kij fvj djb cvIqv hvq Zv RvbZ cvieb|

x< : 0 wgwbU


<+< : mxgi Z, wUGmwc mvi, GgIwc mvi,

- |<|
mnvqK AskMnYKvixì mxgi
wbq hveb|
wkKo wZM bv nq|
cqvRbxqZv AvjvPbv Kieb|
Gici GKwU avivjv PvKz viv MvQi AcqvRbxq Awj hgb cy ivZb
Kzgov cwievii mewRi cy il dzj wbq Zvi cvcwo Acmvib Ki xdz ji Mfgy k Ki wKfve KLb
Kwg civMvqb KiZ nq Zv nvZ Kjg `wLq AvjvPbv Kieb|
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mxgi Dcwi mvi cqvM mK RvbZ cvieb|
b I gvwU AvjMv KLb wKfve Kij fvj djb cvIqv hvq Zv RvbZ cvieb|
mxgi Kwg civMvqb KLb wKfve Kij fvj djb cvIqv hvq Zv RvbZ cvieb|
mxgi Z, wUGmwc mvi, GgIwc mvi,Kv`vj, avivjv PvKz , evjwZ, e`bv
mxgi AvcwiPhv nvZ Kjg wkLvbvi Rb Awaekb msjM GKwU gv`vi KvQ

Gici GKwU avivjv PvKz viv MvQi AcqvRbxq Awj hgb cy ivZb-ivMvv cvZv, Kzwk BZvw`
wRi cyil dzj wbq Zvi cvcwo Acmvib Ki xdz ji Mfgy k Ki wKfve KLb
Kwg civMvqb KiZ nq Zv nvZ Kjg `wLq AvjvPbv Kieb|
b I gvwU AvjMv KLb wKfve Kij fvj djb cvIqv hvq Zv RvbZ cvieb|
AvcwiPhv nvZ Kjg wkLvbvi Rb Awaekb msjM GKwU gv`vi KvQ
ivMvv cvZv, Kzwk BZvw`
wRi cy il dzj wbq Zvi cvcwo Acmvib Ki xdzji Mfgy k Ki wKfve KLb

hveb|

<i<|||<+ +| <|-|< <+<
1. AvMvQv cwivi- wbovbx
2. mvi cqvM cwZ c`kb- wUGmwc mvi, GgIwc mvi
3. LywU I gvPv Ìqv- euvk, Kw, wRAvB Zvi, iwk
4. QvUvB c`kb-avivjv PvKz , wmKPvi
5. Kwg civMvqb-Kzgov RvZxq mewRi x I cy il dzj
wUGmwc mvi, GgIwc mvi
euvk, Kw, wRAvB Zvi, iwk
avivjv PvKz , wmKPvi
Kzgov RvZxq mewRi x I cy il dzj

|< <i<^|-|
|<< -|x | x|-|< |< <|
< |< 10 KwR
| = | 100 Mvg
=x | -
<|</<|<|+ 15 Mvg
||x 15 Mvg
|t+/-^+| 10 Mvg
#<|<<| -
v|# 2 KwR

||< |v |<
Pviv MRvbvi ci cwZwU MZ 1wU my mej Pviv iL evKx Pviv Zyj djZ ne|

-i^|- <
Kvb vbi Pviv gi Mj ev exR bv MRvj mLvb 7

|+:|<<|
||v| |-<
AvMvQv mxg MvQ cqvMKZ mvi Mnb Ki Ges MvQK `yej Ki `q I wVKfve evoZ `q bv| mxg MvQi Mvovi Pviw`K m
mgq AvMvQvgy ivLv DwPZ|

x|| ||+< : mPi ev ewi ci gvwUZ h PUv co Zv
PjvPj ew cvq| wkKoi e w fvjv nq| MvQi ew fvjv nq|
i|+ |< : |x< |+ |<<|
| x|-|< |< <| |<| |-|</|<| ||-|< >-
>c |-- < x <|< <|
|<| |-|</|<| ||-|<
c |-- < ||< <|< <|
- -
- -
25 Mvg 25 Mvg
- -
- --
- -
25 Mvg 25 Mvg

Pviv MRvbvi ci cwZwU MZ 1wU my mej Pviv iL evKx Pviv Zyj djZ ne|
Kvb vbi Pviv gi Mj ev exR bv MRvj mLvb 7-10 w`bi ga cybivq exR ecb ev Pviv ivcY KiZ ne|
AvMvQv mxg MvQ cqvMKZ mvi Mnb Ki Ges MvQK `yej Ki `q I wVKfve evoZ `q bv| mxg MvQi Mvovi Pviw`K m
mPi ev ewi ci gvwUZ h PUv co Zv wbovwb eenvi Ki f w`Z ne| GZ gvwUi wfZi evZvm
PjvPj ew cvq| wkKoi e w fvjv nq| MvQi ew fvjv nq|

|<| |-|</|<| ||-|< -
c |-- < ||< <|< <|
q exR ecb ev Pviv ivcY KiZ ne|
AvMvQv mxg MvQ cqvMKZ mvi Mnb Ki Ges MvQK `yej Ki `q I wVKfve evoZ `q bv| mxg MvQi Mvovi Pviw`K me
wbovwb eenvi Ki f w`Z ne| GZ gvwUi wfZi evZvm

v||#+< : MvQi Mvovi w`K cyivZb, ivM I cvKv Avv I AwZwi
QuvUvBKiY ej|

v||#+< < || : avivjv PvKz , wmKPvi

v||#+< +| : avivjv PvKz viv cyivZb, ivM I cvKv Avv I AwZwi
djZ ne| ci QvUvBKZ Ask h Kvb QvK bvkK c KiZ ne|

v||#+<< |
wbPi w`K Kzwk KvUj Mvov cwivi _vK,
Abvb cwiPhvi KvR mnR nq|
MvQi wfZi evZvm PjvPj mnR nq|
KvswLZ AvKvii dj cvIqv hvq|
dmji djb ew nq|

x|| |< : mxg cwievii dmj Ges jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci
BZvw` viv gvPv Zwi Ki w`Z nq| gvPv 5-

x|| |<< <+< : euvk, KvV, myZwj, wR AvB Zvi, bU, cvwK `wo

x|| |<< |<<|
djb ekx nq|
ivM I cvKvi AvgY Kg nq|
Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi|

|-|- <i<^|-|
: MvQi mwVK e w, dzj dj aviY I djb ewi Rb Kwg Dcvq cvwb mieivn KivK mP ej| mvaviYZt mKvj A_ev
weKvj mP Ìqv ìKvi| cwZ 2 -3 w`b Ai gvwUi Aev eyS mP Ìqv ìKvi|

<+<: SuvSwi, evjwZ, e`bv BZvw`|

MvQi Mvovi w`K cyivZb, ivM I cvKv Avv I AwZwi Wvjcvjv, cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY KivK

avivjv PvKz viv cyivZb, ivM I cvKv Avv I AwZwi Wvjcvjv, cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY Ki
djZ ne| ci QvUvBKZ Ask h Kvb QvK bvkK c KiZ ne|
MvQi wfZi evZvm PjvPj mnR nq|

cwievii dmj Ges jZv RvZxq dmji Pviv MRvbvi `yB nZ wZb mvn ci KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wR
-6 dzU DuPy Ki gvPv w`Z ne|
euvk, KvV, myZwj, wR AvB Zvi, bU, cvwK `wo

Avjv evZvm wVKgZ MvQ cek KiZ cvi|
3 w`b Ai gvwUi Aev eyS mP Ìqv ìKvi|

Wvjcvjv, cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY KivK
Wvjcvjv, cvZv, dzjI dj AcmviY Ki
KvV, evuk, Wvjcvjv, wRAvB Zvi

< |<<|
mxg MvQ Xj co bv|
MvQi e w fvj nq|
dzj I dj Si hvq bv|
dji e w fvjv nq|
djb ew cvq|

|-|- : elvKvj ew nj AbK mgq MvQi Mvovq cvwb Rg _vK ZvB GB cvwb hb Rg bv _vK mB Rb MvQi Mvovi

|-|- |<<|
MvQi Mvov cPv ivM nZ MvQK evuPvbv me|
MvQi e w ^vfvweK ivLv me|

MvQi Mvov cPv ivM nZ MvQK evuPvbv me|

- e : |x< <| |+| <i<^|-|

||i |<<<
mxgi ivM I cvKv Pbv
AvBwcGg cwZZ evjvB eevcbv

wbRiv mxgi c avb c avb ivM I cvKv wPbZ cvieb|
mgw^Z dmj eevcbvi gvag mxgi c avb c avb ivM I cvKv `gb KiZ cvieb|

x< : 0 wgwbU


<+< : mxgi ivM I cvKvi bgybv

- |<|

<| : : |x< <| |+| -|
AskMnYKvixì mxgi ivM I cvKv nvZ Kjg `Lvbvi Rb cwkY msjM Kvb mewRi Z wbq
mxgi dj wQ`Kvix cvKv, RvecvKv cvKv `Lveb|
`Lveb|
aiv I flR evjvBbvkK eenvi AskMnbKvixì w`q nvZ Kjg Kiveb|
GKBfve mxgi Gb_vKbvR I gvRvBK fvBivm ivMi jb I `gb eevcbv nvZ Kjg wkLveb|

<| : > |#|=x

- e : |x< <| |+| <i<^|-|
AvBwcGg cwZZ evjvB eevcbv
c avb c avb ivM I cvKv wPbZ cvieb|
mgw^Z dmj eevcbvi gvag mxgi c avb c avb ivM I cvKv `gb KiZ cvieb|
|+| -| : |x|-
j wQ`Kvix cvKv, RvecvKv cvKv `Lveb|
aiv I flR evjvBbvkK eenvi AskMnbKvixì w`q nvZ Kjg Kiveb|
Gb_vKbvR I gvRvBK fvBivm ivMi jb I `gb eevcbv nvZ Kjg wkLveb|
: |x|-

: |x|-
Gb_vKbvR I gvRvBK fvBivm ivMi jb I `gb eevcbv nvZ Kjg wkLveb|

<| : <i<||<+-< <||#-|+ <|
mnvqK cwZ `j flR evjvBbvkK Zixi Dc
BZvw` mieivn Kieb|
wbg cvZv, wbg exR, ZuZzj cvZv, klvi cvZv ov Ki Avjv`v Avjv`v cv wbq Zvi mv_ cwigvY gZ cvwb wbq KvwV
w`q fvjfve wgkveb Ges cwZ `jK w`q cwqvwU Kiveb Ges mv_
wbqgwj Rvbveb|
<| : |x< |<e|, t -
mnvqK mxgi cwicZvi jY, mxgi mscn Kkj, msMnvi eevcbv, kZK cwZ djb avivewnKfve
AvjvPvbv Kieb|
mkbwU msc wiwfD Ki cii mkb Pj hveb

<i<||<+ +| <+<
mewRi ivM, cvKvv bgybv, wZi jb, cvKvi bgybv A_ev Qwe c`k Y
bgybvi dzb
cvKv `gbi mnR cwZ mg~n
o nvZ w`q, QvB w`q I Re evjvBbvkK viv
< <||#-|+ <| c |x|-
flR evjvBbvkK Zixi DcKiY wbg cvZv, wbg exR, ZuZzj cvZv, klvi cvZv, cvwb, gvwUi cv
w`q fvjfve wgkveb Ges cwZ `jK w`q cwqvwU Kiveb Ges mv_ mv_ flR evjvBbvkK Zix I eenvii
|x< |<e|, t - c |x|-
mkbwU msc wiwfD Ki cii mkb Pj hveb|
mewRi ivM, cvKvv bgybv, wZi jb, cvKvi bgybv A_ev Qwe c`k Y- ivM I cvKvi bgybv, ivM I cvKvi
nvZ w`q, QvB w`q I Re evjvBbvkK viv
c |x|-
KiY wbg cvZv, wbg exR, ZuZzj cvZv, klvi cvZv, cvwb, gvwUi cv
mv_ flR evjvBbvkK Zix I eenvii
c |x|-
ivM I cvKvi bgybv, ivM I cvKvi

i|+ |<

|x< <|- |+|, |< << -x- <i<^|

|< |+| : c~ Yv I Acv eq Rve cvKv Lye QvU AvKwZi, big,I meyR eYi|
mxg Rve cvKvi
|< <<-/ +|
c~ Yv I Acveq RvecvKv `je fve mxgi evo
WMv I cvZvi im Pzl Lvq| dj cvZv weKZ nq hvq,
enZ nq Ges cvqkt wbPi w`K uKvKovbv `Lv hvq|

|-< <i<^|
cv_wgK Aevvq Avv cvZv I WMvi RvecvKv nvZ w`q wck gi djv hvq| wbg exRi èb GK KwR cwigvY Avav
fvv wbg exR 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 12 NUv wfwRq iL mvevb jv cvwb (cwZ 10 w
Zwi Kiv nq| Avgbi nvi ewk nj cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ

|x< |v-+|<| |+|
$|< <<-: Avv dzj b I weeY nZ cvi| dzji Rbb Ask wZMn nq| Kzuwo Si hvq Ges
Avv wUi Mvq z`vKvi Abyj wQ` I wfZi Kxov cvIqv hvq| cvZv I wU cvKvi Zix Rvj GK GuU _vK Ges
DcwifvM LvIqvi wP `Lv hvq| g_ ev cRvcwZ RvZxq ek KqKwU cRvwZi cvKvi Kxov dzj I dji wfZi wQ` Ki XyK
Lvq| cvKvi Kxov Avv dji exR I kuvm Lq b Ki|

|+|< : GKw`b ci ci Avv dzj I dj nvZ w`q msMn Ki GKnvZ Mfxi MZ Ki cuyZ djZ ne| cwivi cwiQb
Pvlvev` Kiv I Siv dzj, dj BZvw` msMn Ki b Ki djv| Avgbi nvi ewk nj Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki
eev wbZ ne|

i|+ |<-|x< <| |+| <i<^|-| =<t -
|x< <|- |+|, |< << -x- <i<^|
c~ Yv I Acv eq Rve cvKv Lye QvU AvKwZi, big,I meyR eYi|
c~ Yv I Acveq RvecvKv `je fve mxgi evo
WMv I cvZvi im Pzl Lvq| dj cvZv weKZ nq hvq, ew
enZ nq Ges cvqkt wbPi w`K uKvKovbv `Lv hvq|
fvv wbg exR 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 12 NUv wfwRq iL mvevb jv cvwb (cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 2 Pv PvgP uov mvevb) wgwkq
Zwi Kiv nq| Avgbi nvi ewk nj cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 20 wgwj mywgw_qb wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|
Avv dzj b I weeY nZ cvi| dzji Rbb Ask wZMn nq| Kzuwo Si hvq Ges wUi Drcv`b nvm cvq|
xov Avv dji exR I kuvm Lq b Ki|
GKw`b ci ci Avv dzj I dj nvZ w`q msMn Ki GKnvZ Mfxi MZ Ki cuyZ djZ ne| cwivi cwiQb
Pvlvev` Kiv I Siv dzj, dj BZvw` msMn Ki b Ki djv| Avgbi nvi ewk nj Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki
jUvi cvwbZ 2 Pv PvgP uov mvevb) wgwkq
20 wgwj mywgw_qb wgwkq MvQ wfwRq KiZ ne|
wUi Drcv`b nvm cvq|
GKw`b ci ci Avv dzj I dj nvZ w`q msMn Ki GKnvZ Mfxi MZ Ki cuyZ djZ ne| cwivi cwiQb
Pvlvev` Kiv I Siv dzj, dj BZvw` msMn Ki b Ki djv| Avgbi nvi ewk nj Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki `gb

|x< <|- <|- <|< ||+|, |< << -x-
<i<^|

i|-|+-| <| |
cvZvq evKvi ev`vgx `vM I Zvici cvk njy`vf ejq
`Lv hvq| cwiYZ dj c _g QvU MvjvKvi Rjemv
Kvjv `vM co Ges `vM axi axi ew cZ _vK|
KvuPv Aevq G ivMi mgY i Ges cvKvi mgq dj
imvjv `vM `Lv hvq| Kvbvi mgq wkgi Lvmv KvjP
`Lv hvq|

-x- <i<^|-|
ivMgy fvj exR eenvi KiZ ne|
dj cyivcywi bv cvwKq Z _K Zzj wbZ ne|
exR ivMgy Ki ecb KiZ ne|
ev`vwgvi cqvM KiZ ne|
Avgbi nvi ewk nj cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 30 Mvg WvB_b Gg
`gb Kiv hvq|
Avb_vKbvR ev dj cuPv
|x< <|- <|- <|< ||+|, |< << -x-
cvZvq evKvi ev`vgx `vM I Zvici cvk njy`vf ejq
`Lv hvq| cwiYZ dj c _g QvU MvjvKvi Rjemv
Kvjv `vM co Ges `vM axi axi ew cZ _vK|
vq G ivMi mgY i Ges cvKvi mgq dj
imvjv `vM `Lv hvq| Kvbvi mgq wkgi Lvmv KvjP
fvj exR eenvi KiZ ne|
dj cyivcywi bv cvwKq Z _K Zzj wbZ ne|
Ki ecb KiZ ne|

cwZ 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 30 Mvg WvB_b Gg-45 (gvbKvRe) wgwkq Ki GB ivM
Avb_vKbvR ev dj cuPv
45 (gvbKvRe) wgwkq Ki GB ivM

x||#+ |#<| <|
cvZvi Dci Qvc Qvc Amg AvKvii gvRvBKi gZ `vM
co| Avv cvZv QvU weKZ I bxPi w`K KuvKovbv
weeY nq hvq| cvZv AvswkK fve nj` nq KuzPK hvq I
dji Pvgov `LZ Amgvb nq|

-x- <i<^|-|
Avv MvQ Zzj asm Kiv/gvwUZ cuyZ
djv/cywoq djv|
Z AvMvQv gy ivLv|
ivM gy exR eenvi Kiv|
MvQ QvB cqvM Kiv|
evnK cvKv (cvZvi im Pzl LvIqv cvK
Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki `gb eev wbZ ne|

|<e|< : dj aivi 10-12 w`b ci mxg

t +: mxg hnZz chvqg msMn Kiv hvq ZvB evRvii Pvwn`v, kwgK I cwienb cvw mvc ch
KiZ nq| msMn mgq hb mxgi AvKl YxqZv I Abvb bvb b bv nq m w`K j ivLZ nq| avivjv PvKz w`q evUv
KvUZ ne hb, MvQi ev Kvi Kvb wZ bv nq| mKvj A_ev weKvj mxg msMn Kiv Dg|

t|< <i<^|-| : Z _K msMnxZ
AvKvi I is Abyhvqx evQvB KiZ ne| GZ mxgi evRvig~j fvj cvIqv hve|

-: cwZ kZK 80-100 KwR

mxgi gvRvBK fvBivm ivM
cvZvi Dci Qvc Qvc Amg AvKvii gvRvBKi gZ `vM
co| Avv cvZv QvU weKZ I bxPi w`K KuvKovbv
| cvZv AvswkK fve nj` nq KuzPK hvq I
Avv MvQ Zzj asm Kiv/gvwUZ cuyZ
evnK cvKv (cvZvi im Pzl LvIqv cvKv) wbqY
Kwl wefvMi mv_ civgk Ki `gb eev wbZ ne|
mxg msMn DchvMx nq| dji Mvqi is KvjP ev meyR _vK|
hnZz chvqg msMn Kiv hvq ZvB evRvii Pvwn`v, kwgK I cwienb cvw mvc ch
KvUZ ne hb, MvQi ev Kvi Kvb wZ bv nq| mKvj A_ev weKvj mxg msMn Kiv Dg|
Z _K msMnxZ mxg euvki Zix SvKvq Lo wewQq cwienb Kiv fvj| msMnxZ
AvKvi I is Abyhvqx evQvB KiZ ne| GZ mxgi evRvig~j fvj cvIqv hve|
mxgi gvRvBK fvBivm ivM

hnZz chvqg msMn Kiv hvq ZvB evRvii Pvwn`v, kwgK I cwienb cvw mvc chvqg msMn
cwienb Kiv fvj| msMnxZ mxg evQvB Ki

|x |<< <| x< |

<
-|x
x|-|
|<
<|
<-/|<|
<|-
|x 30 k
AvM
10 B
mî
c _g Dcwi cqvM
Avei
2q Dcwi cqvM
Avei
<| x< |
|< <| |+:|<<| <| |+|
-x-
c _g Dcwi cqvM- 10 B
Avei
2q Dcwi cqvM- 30 k
Avei
15 mîi
nZ dmj msMn
ch|
exR ecb nZ
dmj msMn
ch|
t
15B bfî
nZ kl dmj
msMn ch|

- :

|<<<
|< |x |<
o Avq
o evq
o jvf

it GB Awaekbi gvag AskMnYKvixMY

<+i : GB Awaekbi kl cwkYv_xMY

mgq t 20 wgwbU
+| : ckvi, `jxq AvjvPbv, eenvwiK

<+< : cvvi ccvi, AvUjvBb|
<| : <<||$ <| |< |<

mnvqK jvD I mxg Pvl cwZ kZK eq I
cvvi ccvi QK wjwce Kieb|
mnvqK Avq-eq I jvf wbq c wkYv_xì mv_ AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb|
wnmve ivLvi iZ wbq mKji mv_ AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb I mKjK wnmve ivLvi Rb civgk èb|
AskMnYKvixì wbKU _K ckvii gvag, Av
- : |< |x |< + | |< <i|< ||<
Awaekbi gvag AskMnYKvixMY Kzgov cwievii |ewfb mewRi Avq evq wnmve KiZ cvieb|
GB Awaekbi kl cwkYv_xMY jvD I mxg Pvl Avq, evq I jvf wnmve KiZ cvieb|
ckvi, `jxq AvjvPbv, eenvwiK
- |<|
<<||$ <| |< |<-<i<< ||<
cwZ kZK eq I Avqi LvZwj AskMnbg~jK AvjvPvbvi gvag mbv
cvvi ccvi QK wjwce Kieb|
I jvf wbq c wkYv_xì mv_ AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb|
mv_ AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb I mKjK wnmve ivLvi Rb civgk èb|
AskMnYKvixì wbKU _K ckvii gvag, AvjvPbv KZUzKz evaMg nqQ Zv hvPvB Kieb|
ewfb mewRi Avq evq wnmve KiZ cvieb|
> |x|-
Kieb I GKwU
mv_ AskMnYg~jK AvjvPbv Kieb I mKjK wnmve ivLvi Rb civgk èb|
jvPbv KZUzKz evaMg nqQ Zv hvPvB Kieb|

i|+ |<-<<||$ |< |x |< + | |< <i< ||<
jvD I mxg Pvli Rb cwZ kZvski DcKiY eqi LvZ mg~n
Ki DcKiYwji eZgvb evRvi ì AvbygvwbK
Ki LiPi LvZ hvM KiZ ne| mKj LiP hvM Ki megvU LiP wbYq KiZ ne|
GKBfve wewfb Drm hgb dmj, kvK BZvw` _K AvMZ Avq hvM Ki gvU Avq ei KiZ ne| G h mKj dmj
wbR fvM KiQb Ges Dcnvi wnmve webvg~j weZiY KiQb Zvi g~j mshvRb Kieb| gvU Avq _K gvU evq weqvM
Ki kZK cwZ jvf ei KiZ ne|
|< |< | +< |< <i< ||<
<< | << |<<<
DcKiY
exR
gvPv Zwii DcKiY
Kv/Mvei
BDwiqv
wU Gm wc
Gg wc
wRcmvg
eviY
`v
evjvB eevcbv
x| <+< <i|<
kwgK
gv`v Zwi
AvtcwiPhv
gvPv Zwi
mP
x| |x+ <i|<
-i|-i <
<x| <
<<||$ |< |x |< + | |< <i< ||<
Pvli Rb cwZ kZvski DcKiY eqi LvZ mg~n hgb exR, mvi, evjvBbvkK, gvPv Zixi DcKib BZvw` wPwZ
Ki DcKiYwji eZgvb evRvi ì AvbygvwbK LiP wnmve KiZ ne| GKB fve gvU kwgK, cwienb I Abvb eq wbavib
KiZ ne| mKj LiP hvM Ki megvU LiP wbYq KiZ ne|
KiQb Ges Dcnvi wnmve webvg~j weZiY KiQb Zvi g~j mshvRb Kieb| gvU Avq _K gvU evq weqvM
|<x|- =++ xi |+|/=++ x| < |+|
: |x : :
c
40 KwR 1
1 KwR 21 >:
0.8 KwR 22 :.e
1 KwR 22 >>
0.4 KwR 7 >.
0.05 KwR 300 :c
0.04 KwR 200
:
>e.
0.5 Rb 200 : cvwievwiK kg viv
emZ evwoZ mewR
Drcv`b nq|
0.5 Rb 200 :
1 Rb 200 >
0.5 Rb 200 :
c
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Module - Vegetable Production - Farmers Session - ANEP - Winter & Off Season

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Module - Vegetable Production - Farmers Session - ANEP - Winter & Off Season

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