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220V AC Powered White Led Lamp

Posted in Various | 54 comments More projects on: LED This is the simple version of a white LED lamp that can be directly powered from mains. It can give ample light even for reading purpose. Capacitor CX along with diodes D1 through D4 forms the AC step down circuit. CX reduces high voltage AC from mains to a low voltage AC which is rectified by the diodes D1-D4.

220V LED Circuit Schematic

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Capacitor C1 removes ripples from AC so that low voltage DC is available to power the LEDs.CX is the X rated AC capacitor that reduces AC voltage through capacitive rectance property. Resistor R1 is very important to remove the stored voltage from CX when power is switched off. This prevents lethal shock. Resistor R2 limits the inrush current. More LEDs can be added by reducing the value of R2.Since the circuit is directly connected to mains, take utmost care to avoid shock. No components should be touched when it is connected to mains. What is LED?
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54 Responses to 220V AC Powered White Led Lamp

1.

Sivanand says: February 28, 2010 at 3:30 pm A Metal oxide varistor SHOULD be used to protect the circuit from HV spikes..it has become mandatory and can be seen in all power supplies that works off directly from mains. Reply

2.

D.Mohankumar says: February 28, 2010 at 4:48 pm Good suggestion. Adding an MOV will protect the circuit from spikes Reply

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james.obillo@yahoo.com says: August 15, 2011 at 3:14 pm kindly send me the list of this circuit value of diodes,capacitor and everything thanks God bless more power Reply

3.

NISHANTH CHENNAPPA says: May 25, 2010 at 7:30 am sir what do metal oxide varistor mean Reply

4.

D.Mohankumar says: May 25, 2010 at 9:29 am MOV is a device that protects circuits from inrush current and mains transients. It is connected across the Phase and Neutral after the safety fuse. If the mains voltage increases above the rated value of MOV it conducts and short out , the fuse Reply

5.

Sivanand says: June 19, 2010 at 8:56 am Correction :A MOV is not used to protect against inrush currentNTC is used in such applications. Reply

Peter O says: November 19, 2011 at 6:34 am Use of MOVs: Apparently some disagreement on the exact purpose or function. Here the inrush current is already allowed for with an appropriate resistor. A fuse should probably be shown but I assume its perhaps not shown to keep the schematic simple. If the MOV conducts at a voltage peak which would not blow the fuse, it seems it would protect the fuse but in the process might itself fail. How is this any better than carefully selecting a fast blow fuse which can be easily accessed for replacement? Reply

6.

Nelson Lamahewa says: June 20, 2010 at 5:19 pm Dear Mr Mohan Kumar, I will be thankful to you if you kindly publish a fence charger circuit diagram with transformer details. input should be 12 v dc output should be more than 5kv Reply

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D.Mohankumar says: June 20, 2010 at 5:27 pm I will post a Fence charger circuit at the earliest Reply

Bilal says: October 12, 2011 at 7:30 am sir D.Mohankumar i made microcontroller based AMF/ATS for my house use..when main goes off the amf module tries to self the geneerator and transfer the switch load to active supplyi was using 220v to 12v transformer to detect the main and generator supplies and resistor divider circuit to more step down for my adc.sir i want to replace transformers with the capacitors and diode circuit.sir please help me with this circuit.to design the 220v ac to 2.2 v dc convertor using capacitor and diodes .. Reply

Bilal says: October 12, 2011 at 7:33 am one thing i forget to mentioned..at the end this circuit im using PC817 optocoupler.its led takes 10mA Reply

8.

PR says: July 1, 2010 at 8:40 am Need your help to understand the circuit diagram if i were to choose the same to be deployed on a 12 V DC line. I am wanting to avoid using the Invertor and hence reduce the power loss. Reply

9.

D.Mohankumar says: July 2, 2010 at 7:58 am Give your requirements Reply

PR says: July 30, 2010 at 6:11 am I wish to draw power directly of my 12V 150Ah inverter battery bypassing the inverter. I also wish to understand if i need any additional circuit to draw power from the battery. (PS: The inverter is connected the battery and is responsible for charging the battery and monitoring it.) Also suggest if i need to use a fuse while drawing power directly from the battery. Reply

PR says: August 2, 2010 at 7:56 am Mohankumar, Request your expert advice

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Nelson Lamahewa says: July 24, 2010 at 6:18 pm regarding about my early request of electric fence charger circuit with transformer details, as you told i did not receive it yet. please send it to me as soon as posible Reply

D.Mohankumar says: July 30, 2010 at 7:29 pm If you give your mail ID, I will send the circuit. Posting of Electric fence circuit is difficult since in some places electric fensing is strictly under supervision of power supply agencies Reply

11.

nouman nayyer says: August 24, 2010 at 6:59 pm dear sir, sir i want to lit 25 ultra bright leds one led need 3.6 v maximum sir can u plz help me Reply

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nouman nayyer says: August 24, 2010 at 7:00 pm dear sir, sir i want to lit 25 ultra bright leds one led need 3.6 v maximum sir can u plz help me my e mail address is noumannayyer@yahoo.com Reply

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N.Subramanian says: October 18, 2010 at 9:46 am Dear Mr.Mohan Kumar, I am very much impressed by this circuit. I want to know, if there is any formula for for R2 to add more number of LEDs to the circuit. I want to add in multiples of 4 to the circuit. Can your circuit be used for PIC Microcontrollers circuit by adding 7805 and filters? Please suggest modifications. (BTW I am hobbyist and novice) Thank you Reply

D.Mohankumar says: October 18, 2010 at 4:41 pm Dear Mr.Subramanian The voltage and current in the circuit depends on the AC capacitor used.Each ordinary White LED requires 3.6 volts and 40 mA current to give sufficient brightness.By increasing the value of CX to 0.1 uF, the voltage can be increased to 50 volts and current around 100mA.Add LEDs based on this. You may see the High power LED lamp circuit posted.R2 reduces the inrush current. LED resistor should not exceed 470 Ohms if the current is around 50 mA.

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N.Subramanian says: November 8, 2010 at 10:34 am Dear Mr.Mohan Kumar, Instead of using bulk transformer, this circuit is very cute. I have a small 4 uf capacitor. What is the maximum current that can be derived out of it? and what are the modifications to connect maximum number of LEDs? Reply

D.Mohankumar says: November 8, 2010 at 3:58 pm Is it AC capacitor rated 400/600 volts AC?. As a rule each 1 UF can give 100 mA current. This is only theoretical. Current may change depending on the AC input,Rectance of the capacitor etc.If your capacitor is x rated AC type, definitely it can give more than 300 mA current. Maximum voltage from the capacitor will be around 50-70 volts depending on the AC input. Each White LED requires minimum 3 volts and maximum 3.6 volts. So 60 volts / 3 = 20 if all are serially arranged.Use 1k 1 watt resistor as R2 Reply

15.

N.Subramanian says: November 12, 2010 at 11:59 am Dear Mr.Mohan Kumar, It is 4 uf 400/600 volts rated, used for AC fan motor. If it gives 300 mA can it be used for every circuit that requires around this rating, including relays? Can I use this for other circuits with Microcontrollers adding 7805 to produce 5v. Thank you, Reply

16.

N.Subramanian says: November 22, 2010 at 10:40 am Dear Mr.Mohan Kumar, I connected the circuit very carefully without soldering. I used 4uf capacitor(CX) 400/600 volts rating, 1m 1W (R1), D1-D4 IN4007, 1k 2watt (I have 2w only not 1W) (R2) and 100uf 63v (not 25V) (C1). I connected to the main for checking, without connecting any LED. The voltage across was 67 to 70 volts. Very soon I got burning smell and I disconnected the main. All the components except CX capacior and R1, are very hot. D1-D4 are hot. But R2 was very very hot likewise C1 also. I think R2 and C1 would start buring if I continued for sometime. The output is around 70v. Should I use C1 with more voltage rating? Then what about R2? Why it is also very hot? OR If I connect the load LEDs then will it be OK? Please help. Thank you Reply

17.

D.Mohankumar says: November 23, 2010 at 4:10 am Dear Subramanian Your problem is with the AC capacitors.It is giving high current.As a rule each 1uF will pass 100 mA current. So 1004 = 400 mA. With out the load, there is no current drain.So components may heat up.Connect 1K 1 watt resistor as load in the place of LED and check whether it is heating. Check only after disconnecting the power.You can use an ordinary Red LED as load with 1K series resistor.All the resistor values must be above 1 watt.Use 1K resistor as R2.Keep the circuit ON for 10 minutes.If everything is ok connect White LED.

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18.

k.raghvban says: November 24, 2010 at 8:50 am dear sir, i am using x-rated 0.33 cap and at output i have two smd led of different colour @20mA .so what value of current limiting resistor i use, which is good for led also mention wattage rating.plz reply soon.sir. Reply

D.Mohankumar says: November 24, 2010 at 1:58 pm 0.33uF cap passes around 25 mA current and 18 volts depending on the AC input voltage.You can select the resistor using the formula V/I.That is if the cap passes 18 volts then 18 / 0.02A = 900 ohms.You can use 1K resistor .Use 1/2 watt resistor.It is better to try with an ordinary red LED first.If there is no problem, connect the SMD LED each with 1K series resistor. Reply

19.

k.raghvban says: November 25, 2010 at 1:56 pm sir, can i replace each component (like 1M ;1/4W bleeder resistor,1n4007 diode for bridge rectifier,current limiting resistor except x-rated .22/.33;400V cap) with SMD component.i use smd led @20mA of different colour,so what value of cap i use. Reply

D.Mohankumar says: November 26, 2010 at 4:40 pm You can use 0.33 cap 400 volts Reply

20.

N.Subramanian says: November 29, 2010 at 12:22 pm Dear Mohan Kumar, I have connected a red LED in series with 1k 2watt and switched on the mains. The red LED glowed brightly. Within 2-3 minutes I smelt the burning smell and I switched off the mains. R2 and C1 are very, very hot and D1-D2-D3-D4 and also the series 1K 2Watts resistor are also hot. Why it is happening and what should I do next? Reply

D.Mohankumar says: November 29, 2010 at 1:14 pm Dear N.Subramanian Something is wrong in the circuit. Either a short circuit or the Capacitor is shorted.Replace the cap and confirm that it is 400 V AC.Check all the connections once again. Usually, the Cap will not heat up and this is the advantage over resistor type power supply.So many similar circuits are posted in the site.Search for the same. Thanks

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21.

unni says: December 11, 2010 at 4:27 pm can i use 474k 400v capasitor for this purpose? Reply

22.

DS Upananda says: December 16, 2010 at 11:35 am Dear Mohan Kumar; May I know the value of R2 & CX for 60 white LEDs Thanks Reply

D.Mohankumar says: December 16, 2010 at 4:44 pm Dear DS Upananda Each White LED requires 3 volts.You can connect the 3 LEDs in one set with 100 Ohms resistor.As a rule for each 1uF ,the capacitor gives 80-100 mA current depending on the input AC voltage.So for CX use 1uF 400 V cap. R2 can be 470 Ohms 1 Watt.LED strings should be 3-4 in one set. So if you have 60 LEDs, then 60/4 = 15 strings with 15 series resistors. I uF cap can give around 25-40 volts. Reply

23.

vineesh.m says: January 30, 2011 at 8:26 pm dear mohan kumar, how we can make a led lamp of white leds . please give the circuit diagram & parts list Reply

24.

vineesh.m says: January 30, 2011 at 8:31 pm how we can male a led lamp of 60 nos of white leds please give th circuit diagram& partlist Reply

25.

Kaushik Mondal says: February 11, 2011 at 12:56 pm If I want to use only one piece ordinary 5mm white led, what will the value of R1 &R2 and Cx? Reply

26.

saleem says: March 23, 2011 at 5:42 am

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Dear Mr.Mohan Kumar, I am very impressed by your practical electronics knowledge, i tried this circuit, but with some amendment, i didnt used C1 & CX, circuit is working fine, only problem is that R1 & R2 got heatup. is there any solution for this problem? please reply on my email. thanks. .saleem Reply

27.

Manu says: April 3, 2011 at 6:23 am please google on this circuit and u ll get the purpose of each component each one is important dont try to tamper as it may cause shock or explosion. Cx is current limiting not r1 R1 is discharging C1 Reply

28.

shafi says: May 9, 2011 at 9:17 am Dear Mr Mohan Kumar, i want to glow the 100 numbers of white led for reading purpose,so pls give tha details about circuits and MOV ratings and approx cost Reply

29.

Kaushik Mondal says: May 23, 2011 at 1:19 pm Dr. Mr. Mohan Kumar, When I switch on the circuit the lights up for a milli second then it turn off and remain off and when I switch off the circuit the leds again lights up for a milli second and then turn off. Please solve the problem. Reply

30.

baljit says: July 24, 2011 at 7:33 pm Greetings sir, sir i want to know, 1) how to calculate the value of R1? 2) if i shall remove R2, would circuit work or not and how to calculate the value of R2? 3) If circuit is braked at D1,D3 output and D2,D4 output then what will be the voltage at these points? Reply

31.

Marcia da Joana Josimar says: August 16, 2011 at 11:53 pm prwsiso de um esquema de ledes para iluminar um painel publicitario Reply

32.

R KANNAN says: August 22, 2011 at 7:13 pm Hi Mohan

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I was just checking for a LED indicator to fix it on the main switch board and I got this circuit. As I was novice in electronics, could you please inform the power consumption by this LED light if it kept ON 24 hrs, 365 days. Also please have a look on the circuit in this page: http://www.turbokeu.com/myprojects/acled.htm. will you please explain, how yours is better than this OR which is very simpler for a novice. Best Regards R Kannan Reply

33.

prem says: September 20, 2011 at 3:06 pm how to connect LEDS to 220v Ac supply ..how many LED requireand circuit design Reply

34.

jinto joseph says: October 8, 2011 at 4:53 am sir, How to connect 1 watt LED to mains 230v.Pls provide the circuit Reply

35.

liyantana says: October 9, 2011 at 3:06 am Dear Mohan Kumar: May I know the value of R2 & CX for 46 white LEDs 2 strings. Thanks before Reply

liyantana says: October 9, 2011 at 3:09 am corection: 2 x 23 led series Reply

36.

ali chemmad says: October 12, 2011 at 8:54 pm dear mohan kumar sir thankyou very much for this post Reply

37.

Peter O says: October 27, 2011 at 8:57 am Sir, Thanks for this good LED circuit. I note that in the diagram posted the main capacitor is not properly labelled. You show it as CX = 472K, 400V . I think you mean: CX = 470nF, min rated 400VDC or 275V rated. AC Also I wonder if there is a way to reduce the power loss across the 470Ohm resistor? Could a 400V MOV be used here instead of. BTW your electric fence circuit has not been posted as yet. If time permits could you send to: peter_rob.remove this.@bigpond.com

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Thanks Reply

38.

Tharangini says: November 9, 2011 at 9:02 am dear sir i want to build a led serial light. i want around 25 leds to be connected in series. and am using 220v ac mains. what should be the resistor value that i must connect at the positive end? Reply

39.

Ram Kumar says: November 19, 2011 at 5:29 am I am looking to possibility of supplying from a 220V 5 KV to a LED powered street light, what are the protection A precaution I should look into. Moreover, if the voltage level falls to around 170V does the LED operate. Also, what are the addition specification I need to add before procuring LED to ensure it operates on low voltage of around 170V too. Looking forward for suggestions. Thank you! Reply

40.

K.S.Prabhakaran says: November 20, 2011 at 4:04 pm Dear sir, I want to build a ciruit for output of 3.3v 2.5amps without transformer.(or) pls send me to the 230v Hi power LED (7watt) circuit to my mail ID. Thankyou Reply

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