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URISDICTION
SUBJECTMATTER
A) COURT'S POWERTO DECIDETHE TYPB OF CASEBEFOREIT
l) FederalQuestionJurisdiction
a) Crses arising under Federal law (i.e. Federal statules. lnterstate Commerce)
VENUE
MODERNBASIS LOCALITY WHERE CASE MAY BE TRIED
A) FEDERALCOURTSTANDARDS
( t ) D i v e r s i t yc a s e s 2 8 U S C t 3 9 l ( a ) ) u) Districtwhereany Defendant residcs, all reside same if in Srate
Where substantial part of events/omissions giving rise to claim occurred or substantialpart of property is situated Where Defendants are subject to personaljurisdiction Nondiversity cases (28 USC l39l(b)) District where any Delendant resides,il all reside in same State District where substrntial Oartof events/omissions occuned or substantial pan of property is located c) District where any Defendant may be found
2) Diversity Jurisdiction a) Amount in controversy must exceed $50,0O0 (exclusive of costs). gqg! b) Must involve citizens of different states
( INTERN,4IIO AL SHOE v.WAS INGTO N H N) MUSTHAVE''MIMMUM A) DEFENDANT CONTACTS''WITH FORTIMSTATE B) SUIT DOES NOT OFFEND "TRADITIONAL NOTIONS OF FAIR PLAY AND SUBSTANTTAL JUSTICE'' ELABORATTONS c) CONSTITUTTONAL
and l) Activitiesmust be systematic continuous 2) Activities must be purposeful 3) Defendantmust purposelyavail himself ol privileges of the fcrum state -l) Possibilityof litigation must be toreseeable (World-Wide Volkswagen) 5) There must be connection between litigation, Defendant and forum state
DOMICILE
B) CHANGEOFVENUE
I ) Federal courts can transfer cases to any district where it might originally have been brought a) Standard: "ln the interesrsofjustice and for the convenience of panies and witnesses''(28 USC 1404) b) Upon motion. consent or stipulation ofall panies
SPECIALCASES
ARE A) ONCE ''MINIMUM CONTACTS'' ESTABLISHED,THE STATE MUST STILL HAVE LEGISLATIONAUTHO. R T Z I N G I T S C O U R T ST O A C C E P T SUCHJURTSDICTION
give theircourtstull power l) Unlimited - somestates to lccept all constitutionalbasesof jurisdiction ( e x .C A , R I ) 2) Limited - specify in detail when court may accept iurisdiction(ex. NY, IL)
CORPORATIONS
(28 A) CORPORATE RESIDENCE USC1J91(c))
l) a) b) c) Judicial district in which Corporation: Is subject to personaljurisdiction Has sufficient contacts to subject it to personaljunsdiction Has most significant contacts
B ) CLASS ACTIONS r ) Citizenshipof named representative used C) U.S.CITTZENS LIVING ABROAD r ) Not citizens of any state, therefore,cannot use
diversiryjurisdiction
CON{SENT REMOVAL
A) BASISFOR REMOVAL FROM STATETO FEDERAL COURT
I ) Federalquestionjurisdiction existedat time action was filed: or 2) Diversityjurisdiction existedat time action was f rled li.e. when casecould have beenbrought in Federalcourt ori ginally)
CHOICE OF LAW
VS. LAW B) SUBSTANTIVE PROCEDURAL IN A) ASSERTING, A NEW LAWSUTT, THAT A PRTOR JUDGMENT WAS VOID FOR LACK OF PERSONAL JURISDICTION
COLLATERAL ATTACK
SUPPLEMENTAL
JURISDICTION
ANCILLARY JURISDICTION
Detendantwith counter-claims. cross-claims or third-party claims may bring them in Federal court irs long as Federal court has jurisdiction over original claim
jurisdictionmay only be challenged once l) Personal - either in forum state(appeal)'orDefendant'shome state(collateralattack) 2) Must raise obiection before trial
C) SPECIAL CASES "substantive"and l) Smrutesof Limrtations- considered by _{ovemed Statelaw in diversity cases "substantive";Fderal 2) Choice of l:w Rules: considered courts must tbllow State's choice of law principles
PENDENTJURISDICTION
Plainriff with valid Federal question claims may bring dong a state-basd claim in Federal courr
Test: Musr denve liorn common Up to court's discretion nucleus of ooeradve fact
PLEADIh{GS
COMPLAINT
A) PLAINTIFF'S STATEMENT OF A CAUSE OF ACTION
PERSONALJURISDICTION
[ ) In Personam - power of court over Det'endant l) In Rem - power ofcoun over a thing (i.e.property chattelswirhin state) trr -l) Quasi In Rem - power of ctxrt to anach or gamish (Shafrer propertvto eainjuriviiction over Det-endant v. Heitner ralure; rhis to be testedunder"minimum contacs' srandardof Intern tboal She)
ANSWER A) DEFENDANT'S STATEMENTDENY. ING OR ADMITTING ALLEGATIONS AND SETTINGOUT ANY DEFENSES (MAY INCLUDE COUNTERCLAIMS ORCROSS-CLAIMS) REPLY TO COUNTERCLAIM OR CROSS.CLAIM A) STATEMENT OF PERSON.\GAINST WHOM CLAI]VT FILED. DENYTNG IS O R A D M I T T I N GA L L E G A T I O N S A) NOTICE PLEADING. USED TN FED. ERAL ^\ND MANY STATECOURTS
I ) Pleadingmust merely sct tbrth "r shon rnd piarn statemcntof the claim showinq the Pleader rs ! c n r i t l e dt o r e l i e f ' T F R C P l ( r t t B ) C O D E P L E A D I N G I i . C .C A . F L I set lirnh .ril i r Pleutler rrust'ulttttrute fectsintenoetito nL trove n iacts' ,ri the c.use rt tnti - rhe
AMENDMENTS
A) PARTIES MAY AMEND THEIR PLEADINGS ONCE WITHOUT THE COURT'S PERMISSION BEFORE A RESPONSIVE P L E A D I N G I S S E R V E D T F R C PT S ( a ) )
I) .\t lll other times oermission must be obtained fiom rhe Court. but it "shall be tieelv siven whcn iustrce so
requires"FRCP I5(a)) t
RELATIONBACK
TRADITIONAL TEST
.\dding new claims or det'enses not barred if thev anse out of the original transactionor occurrence .\dding new parties - no relation back unless wrong penon is sued: relationback will t^-cur if parry to be brought in: a) ha-sreceived notice of the acrion witfun St rtule of Limitetions penotl: .rnd b) knew or should thc har.eknown lhat. irut firr the mrstake. rtctionwould him rFRCP t5tcn
PARTIES LMIGAIION TO
JOINDER OF PARTIES 'r
POS'I'TRIAL
i
i
B ) S U B S T I T U T ES E R V I C E D
B) COMPULSORY
l) Defendants or Plaintiffs who rnust be joined a) Necess.rryparties - have intcrcst in the conlroversy iutd ought to be joined for sake of complerejusrice (FRCP I 9(a)) b) Indispcnsableparties - prcsenceso vital that action m u s t b e d i s m i s s e di f j o i n d e r i n r p o s s i b l e F R C P l 9 ( b ) ) (
B C) SERVICE Y MAIL
} $
!
* 'JONDnR"6e'tlArnrs
A) PERMISSTVE JOINDER (FRCP18)
I ) Any claim against opposing pany may be joined if: a) Each claim has an independentbasis for subjecr marrer jurisdiction, or b) They arise out of the same tralsuction or occurence ( p c n d e n tj u r i s d i c t i o n )
I D) NOTICE BY PUBLICATION ! l) Lastresort under Mullane; allowed only in lirnited I circumstances I E) TMPROPER METHODS I (or l) Service infants other on incompetents) $ 2) Substituted service fellowemployees, on friends { andassociates $
B) CODE
|) l) P l e a d i n gj u r i s d i c r i o n s Joinder limited to same [ansaction or occurence
DEFAULTJUDGMENT
VOLUNTARYDISMISSAL
C) COUNTERCLAIMSGnoucnr sy
OPPOSING PARTIES) l) Compulsory a) Ariseout of same transaction occurrence (FRCPl3) or 2) Permissive a) Dtxs not arise of same out transaction occurrencc or D) CROSS CLAIMS GIAIMSAM)NGCo. PARTIES) l ) lst Defendant sues 2nd Defendant ! l Must arise out of same transactionor occurrence of original acrionor counrerclaim (FRCP l3(g)) E) THIRD PARTY CLAIMS (IMPLEADER) t ) Defendantfiles claim againsr(impleads)rhird parry. nor presenrly a party, claiming liability for all or pin otPlaintifTsclaim againstDefendant Arises from same transactionor occurrence
A) MAY BE HAD ANY TIME BEFOREDE. FENDANTANSWERS FILESMOTION OR FORSUMMARYJUDGMENT(WITHOUT PREJUDTCE) B) STIPTJLATION SIGNEDBY ALL PARTTFS
FEDERAL TO STATE
A) FEDERAL COURTS MUST GIVE FULL FATTHANDCREDITTO STATE (28 COURT DECISIONS USC1738)
'))
DISCOVERY
STANDARD:MUST BE REASONABLY CALCULATEDTO LEAD TO DISCOV. E R Y O F A D M I S S I B L EE V I D E N C E (FRCP 6) 2 B ) LIMITATIONSON DISCOVERY
A)
(A PERSON, NOT A PARTY THE TO SUIT, SEEI(STO BECOMEA PARTY) A) INTERVENTION OF RIGHT(FRCP AS
B) PERMISSIVE INTERVENTION
l) Discretionary 2) Questionsof law/fact in common 2 - l ( a) ) l ) U n c o n d i t i o n ab y s t a r u r e l 2) Ability to protecr interestmay be impaired directly
INTERVENTION' *
FORMER ADJTIDICATION
{,
Attomey-clientcommunication(absolute) Mental impressions. opinions.legal rheoriesof irtrorney(absolure) 5 \ Work product (qualified)- (FRCP 16(b)(_l)) a ) Mayobrain upon showing: Subsranrral lnd unuble need to getelsewhere without undue hardship
)) Interrogatoriespartiesonly ) (
TRIAL
(MOTION FOR JUDGMENT AS MATTER OF LAW) A) STANDARD
B ) W H E NM A D E
l) At end of Plaintiffs cllse or.rr end of rll evidencc
DIRECTEDVERDICT
B) STATUTORY INTERPLEADER
l) Only needdiversiryamong rwo (2) claimants l) Only need5500 in conrroversy
(COLLATERAL ESTOPPEL)
A) PROHIBITS RELITIGATIONOF ISSUES FACT THAT WERE OF PREVIOUSLY ADJUDICATED B) REQUIREMENTS C) OFFENSIVE/DEFENSIVE USE
ISSUEPRECLUSION
CLASS ACTIONS i
A ) P R E R E Q U I S I T E S( F R C P 2 3 ( a ) ) t ) )'lumertrusness
: l Commonalitv .l) T v p i c r l i t v
t t
Adequacv oi representation
B ) NOTICE
l) J)
lrrrrrrrrrrrl{
I I I t I E
:
C ) FEDERALJURISDICTION
l ) Citizenship of named representative used tbr di versitv
NEW TRIAL
A) STANDARD
' I ) Verdict is "agarnst frc gneat weisht t)f the evidero-e l l W i t h r n t e n ( 1 0 ) d a , v st t f J u t i g r n e n t
t)
B) WHEN }TADE
DENSED FORMAT IT: l) DOFJ NOT IN- I CLUDE JI.JRISDICTIONAL DIFT'ERENCESE AND 2) SHOTJLD NoT BE RELIED UPONAS T A suBsTrrrJTE FoR MORE COMPREImN- u STVE LEGAL STUDIES! CJI})T BARCHARTS. (;LADES S RD. INC. E9()3
sTE. L-922J BOCA RATON, FL J.}t.H
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