Combination Method Algebraic Scalar SRSS Absolute Maximum Minimum SignedMaximum

ofstructuralresponse xi xi SRSS(xi) |xi| MAXof(|xi|),retainsign MINof(|xi|),retainsign MAXof(xi)

ofstress f(xi) i SRSS(i) i MAXof(i) MINof(i) MAXof(i)

TypicalUse Structure Stress Expansionrange Traditional response Sustained+ summation occasional Spatialseismic summation Collect Collectmaximum maximum stress cyclicload Used togetherto collect rangeof restraint load&pipe movement

SignedMinimum

MINof(xi)

MINof(i)

LoadCase1throughLoadCasenrepresentedbyLi,wherei=LoadCasesthatarecombined o Forexample:L1L2orL2+L3 Structuralresponse(,,F&M)ineachloadcaserepresentedbyxi o xisavector(X,Y,Z)andissigned Stressineachloadcaserepresentedbyi;iisunsigned o Combinationstressesmayalsobeafunctionoftheloadcasecomponents=f(xi) forexample,=Mres/ZwhereMres=SQRT[(Mx1Mx2)^2+(My1My2)^2+(Mz1Mz2)^2]