.

MODULE 2

FOUNDATIONS OF INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR

PERSONALITY
DERIVED FROM THE LATIN WORD PERSONA MEANING PERSON. IT IS THE SUM TOTAL OF AN INDIVIDUALS OUTER AS WELL AS INNER IMAGE.

PEOPLE DIFFER FROM EACH OTHER IN MEANINGFUL WAYS

PEOPLE SEEM TO SHOW SOME CONSISTENCY IN BEHAVIOR

PERSONALITY IS DEFINED AS DISTINCTIVE AND RELATIVELY ENDURING WAYS OF THINKING, FEELING, AND ACTING

THE SUM TOTAL OF WAYS IN WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL REACTS TO AND INTERACTS WITH OTHERS MEASURABLE TRAITS THAT A PERSON EXHIBITS. AN ENDURING COMBINATION OF MOTIVES, EMOTIONS, VALUES, INTERESTS, ATTITUDES AND COMPETENCIES.

NATURE OF PERSONALITY
HUMAN BEHAVIOUR IS COMPOSED OF VARIOUS ACTS. THERE MUST BE CONSISTENCY IN THESE ACTS. EACH ACT IS GOAL DIRECTED. IT DIFFERS FROM PERSON TO PERSON

DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY

1.HEREDITY
THIS REFERS TO THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN BEING AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS PHYSICAL STRUCTURE, COLOR OF SKIN, HAIR, EYES ETC

2. ENVIRONMENT
THIS IS THE SET OF VARIABLES SURROUNDING THE PERSON. INCLUDES THE SCHOOLS, TEACHERS, BOOKS, MEDIA, FRIENDS ETC

3. FAMILY
THIS REFERS TO PEOPLE RELATED BY BLOOD, MARRIAGE OR ADOPTION. MODERN FAMILY IS BOUND BY TIES OF TRUST, COMMITMENT AND LOVE

4.SITUATION
THIS REFERS TO THE REACTION OR RESPONSE AT THAT POINT OF TIME

5.SOCIALISATION PROCESS
THIS REFERS TO THE KIND OF PEOPLE THE INDIVIDUAL INTERACTS WITH. HELPS AN INDIVIDUAL TO LIVE IN SOCIETY.

TRAIT
IS A CHARACTERISTIC WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL DISPLAYS CONSISTENTLY IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS.

A HABIT

 PERSONALITY TRAITS

1.AUTHORITARIANISM
DEVELOPED BY PSYCHOLOGIST ADORNO DURING WORLD WAR II CHARACTERISED BY FEATURES LIKE: CONFORMITY TO RULES. STRUCTURED WORK ENVIRONMENT. DISCIPLINED. POWER HUNGRY

2.MACHIVELLIANISM

CONCEPT BY ITALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST NICOLO MACHIVELLI INCLUDES TRAITS LIKE: MANIPULATION. MIND GAMES. PLAYING WITH PEOPLES FEELINGS. UNETHICAL.

3.EXTROVERSION
CONCEPT BY KARL JUNG VERY SOCIAL. FRIENDLY. LIKE PEOPLE AROUND THEM. GENERALLY HAPPY AND POSITIVE.

4.INTROVERSION
CONCEPT BY KARL JUNG VERY QUIET. MORE WITHDRAWN LIKE THEIR OWN COMPANY MORE CREATIVE IN AREAS LIKE PAINTING, SKETCHING ETC.

5. LOCUS OF CONTROL
REFERS TO WHETHER EVENTS ARE WITHIN ONES REACH OR BEYOND ONES REACH INTERNAL LOC PEOPLE TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ONES OWN ACTIONS. EXTERNAL LOC PEOPLE BLAME OTHERS FOR THEIR

THE DEGREE TO WHICH PEOPLE FEEL GOOD ABOUT THEMSELVES AND THEIR ABILITIES
HIGH SELF-ESTEEM CAUSES A PERSON TO FEEL COMPETENT, DESERVING AND CAPABLE. ( SUPERIORITY COMPLEX) PERSONS WITH LOW SELF-ESTEEM HAVE POOR OPINIONS OF THEMSELVES AND ARE UNSURE ABOUT THEIR CAPABILITIES. (INFERIORITY COMPLEX)

6.SELF-ESTEEM

7.NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT

THE EXTENT TO WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL HAS A STRONG DESIRE TO PERFORM CHALLENGING TASKS WELL AND MEET PERSONAL STANDARDS FOR EXCELLENCE

8.SELF MONITORING
THIS REFERS TO THE INDIVIDUALS ABILITY TO CONFORM TO HIS SURROUNDINGS. HAS HIGH SELF CONTROL. VERY INTUITIVE. SENSITIVE

9. TYPE A PERSONALITY HOSTILE. IRRITABLE. COMPETITIVE. ALWAYS IN A HURRY.

10. TYPE B PERSONALITY

RELAXED. EASYGOING. INCOMPETENT