1. Who participated in the production of colonial/Western science?

λ Who contributed to the rise of interest in colonial science?

λ What role did pirates/piracy play in the development of colonial science - more specifically cartography and
the natural sciences?
λ Did the majority of pirates have specific knowledge of scientific instruments (navigational instruments)
or did they use other methods of navigation?
λ Given the resources (money and manpower) of the British Navy, how was it the piracy was able to
continue unchecked for several hundred years in the Caribbean?

2. How did individuals or social groups from outside of the hegemonic power create scientific or technical knowledge?
λ What types of knowledge did these individuals/social groups produce?
λ Where did they obtain this knowledge from?
λ What was the relationship between pirates and local communities?
λ Was there a knowledge exchange between indigenous people in Central American and the
Caribbean regarding ship building and navigation?
λ What information produced by criminals or indigenous persons was appropriated by Western science?
λ How did this appropriation occur?
λ How has this appropriated knowledge impacted the development of colonial and contemporary
science and society?
λ Viewing ships as “technology” that marginalized social groups had access to, how were these
marginalized groups able to gain an economic stronghold in a global economy?
λ Did marginalized groups play a definitive role in the development of colonial science?
λ Have these groups been given credit for their contributions?