ASIAN INFLUENCES ON THE PHILIPPINES

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
The Filipino-Chinese Trade probably started during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907)

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
It peaked during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) The Philippines was a very important center of Chinese Trade. They reached the different parts of the country using the JUNK. - 400 up to 500 passengers -visited the Babuyan Islands, Ilocos, Laguna, Cebu, Bohol and Cagayan de Oro

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
Announcing of the arrival - SOUND A BIG DRUM

On the deck of the junk were the different things being sold. Silk cloth, porcelain, umbrellas, gold thread, etc.

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
Natives exchanged honey, rattan furniture, cotton, pearls, fruits, etc. Travel to the Philippines took about 20 days. Trading lasted only about 4 to 5 days per area.

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES:
1.Use of jars for burials of bones. -they could bring the remnants of their relatives anywhere

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
2. Food -food like TOFU, HOPIA, LOMI, -BACHOY, GOTO, SIOPAO, -LUMPIA, SIOMAI, ETC. -Chinese ingredients: -BIHON, KINCHAY, PETCHAY, -TOGE, MISWA, ETC. - Filipinos also learned how to plant these vegetables.

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
3. Use of Filipino words borrowed from China - Most of these words are from the Amoy dialect A CHI KO A TAU KUA BI KO HI KAU BAK KHIAQ (see pages 187-188) ATE KUYA TOKWA BIKO HIKAW BAKYA

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
4. Established the first convenience store: THE SARI-SARI STORE -sold everything for your convenience

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
5. Arranged Marriage 6. Wearing of yellow for nobility

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
First relations started around 800 A.D. This relationship was based purely on commerce. Proof of this relationship are different images made of CLAY, GOLD and BRASS. -21 carat gold image found in Agusan - Golden Tara -metallic image of Ganesh the elephant god -medallion of Padmapani (Padma)

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
1. Filipino customs similar of Hindus. - burial practice of dead sitting on a chair (Ifugao) 2. Sanskrit words found in Visayan and Maguindanao languages SANSKRIT tara lekkha ahi swamin guru aya TAGALOG tala (to record) likha (to create) ahas (snake) asawa (spouse) guro (teacher) yaya (nurse)

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP

INDIAN CLOTHING: PUTONG SARONG

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
2. INDIAN INFLUENCES: a. Spices like CURRY b. Fish Sauce: PATIS c. Coconut Milk: GATA d. Religion: BUDDHISM

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
3. INDIAN INFLUENCES: a. ampalaya b. sampaguita c. mango d. champaka

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
4. INDIAN INFLUENCES: a. Giving of dowry to the bride b. Worship of many gods and goddesses c. Giving of fresh flower garlands

FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. The Japanese introduced: DUCK FARMING/RAISING

FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
2. Other Japanese influences: a. Removing of slippers before entering the house b. Bonsai planting

FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. Other Japanese influences: a. Origami b. Martial Arts: JUDO

FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
3. Other Japanese influences: a. Animal skin tanning b. manufacturing of guns

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

Arabs improved on the relationships between the Philippines and other Asian countries -Arabia was the center of the Arab Empire -It was the center of commerce from India, China and Africa -Arabia was the center of Islamic religion

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

Usual trade items: textile, wool, calico (a kind of cloth) metal tools, gold bullions jewelry and other precious gems Carpet weaving Pearl diving Perfume making and wine drinking

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
Spaniards Arabs : : Christianity Islam

Started in 622 A.D. when Mohammad escaped from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) Mohammad was born in 570 A.D. and died at the age of 62 He joined the Kuraysh tribe and learned how to trade and married a rich widow named Khadijah The Angel Gabriel appeared to him in his dream and told him to make a religion that will worship only one God

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
This religion will be called Islam, Full surrender to Allah His uncle Abu Bakr and his wife were the first converts Priests in Arabia plotted to kill Mohammad thus he left Mecca (hegira) and stayed in the city of the prophet (Medina) Went back to convert the non-believers of Islam in Mecca (jihad)

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
ARRIVAL OF MUSLIMS ACCORDING TO THE TARSILA Tarsila - a written document on the leaders and descendants of a famous Muslim, ex. Mohammad In Sulu, there is a tarsila about Makhdum Karim, a leader in Tawi-Tawi. In Sulu, the first Arab Community started in the 15th century under SHARIF ABU-BAKR.

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
SHARIF ABU BAKR - missionary who married the daughter of Rajah Baguinda. - converted the whole community of Sulu into Islam - introduced the SHARI'A (SACRED ORDERS) - declared himself SULTAN - recognized as the 1st Sultan of Sulu -established the 1st MADRASAHS (schools that teach the Qu'ran) - introduced Arabian literature

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
SHARIF MOHAMMAD KABUNGSUWAN -arrived in 1457 and also proclaimed himself sultan - soon most parts of Mindanao also accepted Islam all the way up to Luzon

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
TEACHINGS OF ISLAM
A devoted Muslim has to fulfil certain obligations: 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

1.SHAHADAH DECLARATION OF FAITH

Faith or belief in the Oneness of God and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad; "Ashadu anla ilaha ila allah, washadu anna Muhammedan rasolallah."

The only purpose in life is to serve and obey GOD.

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM 2. SALAH Establishment of the daily prayers; 5 times a day pray, they pray the SALAH
God is Great. 4x I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God. 2x I testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God. 2x Come to prayer! 2x Come to success! 2x God is Great! 2x There is none worthy of worship except God.

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM 3. ZAKAH or ZAKAT Concern for the poor Almsgiving to the needy 4. SAWM Self-purification through fasting -every year in the month of RAMADAN, from sun up to sun down, no drinking no eating

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM 5. HAJJ The pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca) for those who are able One who has seen Mecca is CALLED HADJI (SACRED PERSON)

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

THE MOSQUE From the Arab word masjid which means a place of worship A ritual of prayers with movements like standing, bowing, sitting and kneeling.

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

Okir Designs Old houses have Okir designs on the beams of the houses

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

The Arabs were the first to introduce weapons used a explosives. LANTAKA a small Muslim cannon made of brass

END OF LESSON