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PREDISPOSING CAUSES: Increase hemocysteine level Inflammation Stroke Oxidative damage from radicals
ORGANS AFFECTED: Disruption in three neuronal processes: Communication Metabolism Repair Plaque develops in the hippocampus Tau changed chemically, becomes tangled and degenerate Gross brain changes such as leptomeninges, shrunken gyri, widened sulci, enlarged ventricles, hippocampal shrinkage, and generalized atrophy and neurotransmitter changes In mild AD, the cerebral cortex begins to shrink
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: Memory disturbance Poor judgment and problem-solving skills Becomes careless in work habits and household chores Confusion of place and time
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: Routine activities takes longer Lacks the ability to adapt to new challenges Irritable, suspicious, or indifferent Agitation, apathy, dysphoria, and aberrant motor behavior