Competition for materials and markets Territorial disputes Competition for colonies Rise of a dangerous European arms race

Pre- World War I Alliances in Europe

o Triple Alliance: Germany,

Austria- Hungary, and Italy o Triple Entente: Great Britain, France, and Russia

Austria- Hungary took over Bosnia and Herzegovina which Serbia wanted control over to create a large Slavic population On June 28, 1914 a Serbian murdered the heir to the Austro- Hungarian throneArchduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie Austria- Hungary was angry and declared war on Serbia This declaration of war against Serbia started World War I causing alliances to get larger and gather

Central Powers Germany Austria- Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire

Allies Great Britain France Russia Japan Italy

Battle of Marne
o Took place on Western Front (northern France)
o Germany tried to execute its Schlieffen Plan where they would

attack and defeat France and then push east to fight Russia o The Allied solders rushed from Paris to fight Germany off and after four days Germany retreated o Dragged the war on

The Eastern Front

o Is along a stretch of battle field along the Germany and Russian

border o Russia had the numbers to keep fighting Germany here, splitting their forces up

In 1917 Germany adopted a unrestricted submarine warfare policy where their submarines would sink any ships around Britain without warning; this policy sank a lot of the U.S. ships U.S. officials intercepted the Zimmermann telegram sent to Mexico by Germany stating if they became allies with Germany then Germany would help them gain land back from the U.S. These actions angered the U.S. causing them to declare war on April 2, 1917 against Germany

World War I became a total war so they devoted all their resources to the war; so everyone had to ration Governments censored news to their people so they didnt oppose the war effort Unemployment practically disappeared with all the jobs they had for the war Women were needed in factories when men were at war, proving their

Russia withdraws from war with Germany with a truce and signs Treaty of BrestLitovsk in November of 1917 Russias withdraw allows Germany to send all of their forces to the Western Front Germany attacked the Allies with its effort to reach the Marne River With the aid of U.S. troops the Allies launched a counterattack with the Second Battle of the Marne, causing the Central Powers

On November 11, 1918 the war officially ended with an armistice (agreement to stop fighting) signed between France and Germany Germany became a republic New technology was introduced to war 8.5 million soldiers died 21 million soldiers were wounded One account of the war put the cost at 338 billion

Signed on June 28, 1919 between Germany and the Allied powers Created a League of Nations, an international association whose goal was to keep peace The war guilt cause placed the responsibly of the war on Germany forcing them to pay reparations to the Allies All of Germanys territories were to be administered by the League of Nations The Allies governed mandates until they felt they were ready for independence