Test 2 study guide Hw #8

A ball of mass 4 kg is uniformly accelerated from rest and travels 108 m in 6 s. What is its final kinetic energy (in J) after 6 s? x = 1/2at2 108 = (0.5)a(6 s)^2 108=18 a a=6 6 x 6 seconds = 36
1/2mv2

(0.5)(4 kg ) (36)^2 = 2592 J

A ball of mass 3 kg is uniformly accelerated from rest and travels 8 m in 2 s. What is its final kinetic energy (in J) after 2 s?

8= (0.5)a(2 s)^2 8=2a a=4 4 x 2 s = 8 m/s^2 (0.5)(3)(8)^2 = 96 J

To push a 75.0-kg crate up a frictionless incline angled at 27.0 to the horizontal, a worker exerts a force of 535 N parallel to the incline. The crate moves a distance of 4.00 m. 1) What work is done on the crate by the worker? 535 x 4 = 2140 J 2) What work is done on the crate by the weight of the crate? (-75) x (9.81) x (4.00 m) x sin(27) = -1336 J 3. What work is done by the normal force exerted by the floor on the
crate? 0 J ( no normal force) 4. What is the total work done on the crate? (2140)+(-1336)= 804 J
A shopper in a supermarket pushes a cart with a force of 35.0 N directed at an angle of 30.0 degrees downward from the horizontal. Find the work done by the shopper as he moves horizontally along a 53.0m length of aisle.

(35 N) x (53 m ) x cos (30) = 1606 J

What is the work done by the two forces together in moving an object a distance of d = 18 m as shown in the diagram? The magnitude of each force is 15 N.

(18 m) x cos(45) x (15 N) x 2 = 381 J

A high-jumper leaves the ground with a speed of 5.0 m/s. How high (in m) can she leap?

(5)^2 / (2 x 10) = 1.25 m 25/20= 1.25

A car with its parking brake on starts sliding down an extremely slippery icy h=7 m high embankment into a level snowy muddy field with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.5. How far (distance L) does it glide in the mud? 7/ 0.5 = 14 m

A ball of mass 2.5 kg hangs at the end of a string 1.2 m in length from the ceiling of a room. The height of the room is 3.4 m. What is the gravitational potential energy of the ball relative to the ceiling? -(1.2m)(2.5kg)(9.81m/s^)= -29.43 J What is the gravitational potential energy of the ball relative to the floor?

3.4 1.2 = 2.2 m (2.2 m)(2.5 kg)(9.81)= 53.95 J What is the gravitational potential energy (in J) of the ball relative to a point at the same elevation as the ball? 0J In hitting a ball of mass, m, with a baseball bat, the bat exerts a force, F on the ball for a short time, t. The ball had an initial velocity, v1 , just before it was hit and a final velocity, v2 , right after it was hit. What was the impulse of the force acting on the ball, if all the motion takes place in a straight line and t = 0.11 s, v1 = 19 m/s, v2 = -18 m/s, and m = 480 g?

(.480 kg)(-18-(19)= -17.76 N*s

What was the force exerted by the bat on the ball?

-17.76 / 0.11 = -161 N

Calculate the magnitude of the recoil velocity of a 11.4 kg rifle that fires a 0.0500 kg bullet with a muzzle velocity of 600 m/s. (0.05)(600)/11.4=2.63 m/s If the rifle pushes against the man's shoulder for 1.66 s after it is fired, find the magnitude of the average force (in N) exerted as the gun recoils.

(11.4 kg) (2.63-0) / (1.66 s) = 18 N

HW #9
Block 1 (13 kg) is located on the surface of a table. A rope pulls on block 1 with a horizontal tension of 33 N to the right and a vertical tension of 90 N upward. The coefficient ofkinetic friction between the block and the surface equals 0.5. On a sheet of paper, draw the free body diagram for block 1 using the two-subscript notation from class. After completing the free body diagram, enter below each force and its x & y-components. Remember that the x-component is the "i" component and the y-component is the "j" component. FORCES on BLOCK 1 Weight force on block 1 by Earth W1E = 0 i + -130 j N Tension force on block 1 by Rope T1R = 33 i + 90 j N

Normal force on block 1 by Surface = (-130+90) = -40. Take opposite of that. N1S = 0 i + 40 j N Frictional force on block 1 by Surface f1S = -20 i + 0 j N Incorrect. Submissions to practice problems are not permanently recorded. Tries 2/2 Previous Tries

What is the acceleration a of block 1? 0+33+0+-20 / 13 kg = 1 a = 1 i + 0 j m/s2

A 1100-kg rocket has a net propulsion force of 40 kN (kiloNewtons). Over a short time period, it uniformly speeds up from an initial velocity of 35 m/s to a final velocity of 60 m/s. Assume that the mass of the rocket is constant during this time period and that the net force is along the direction of motion. What is the net work done on the rocket in kilojoules (kJ)?

(1/2)mv(f)^s - (1/2)mv(i)^2 = W(net) (1/2)(1100)(60^2) - (1/2)(1100)(30^2) = W(net) 1980000 - 495000 = W(net) W(net) = 1485000 J / 1000 = 1485 KJ

A 2-kg box is pushed by a force of 3 N for 4 seconds. It has an initial velocity vo = 4 m/s to the right. NOTE: Since this problem gives the TIME t traveled, FIRST look at momenta values and calculate the IMPULSE using I = F t = p. After the momenta values are calculated, then calculate the kinetic energy and net work values. Remember that on quiz and test problems, you will need to decide which values should be calculated first. What is the initial momentum pi of the box?

pi = mvo.

4x2=8 What is the impulse or change in momentum p of the box? kg m/s Remember that the impulse I = p = Ft

3 X 4 = 12 final momentum = 8 +12= 20 What is the initial kinetic energy Ki of the box? Ki = pi2 /2m 8^2/ 2x2= 16 What is the final kinetic energy Kf of the box?
Kf = pf2 /2m

20 ^2 / 2 x 2 kg = 100 Change in kinetic energy = 100-16=84 How far x does the box go in 4 s? 84 J / 3 N = 28 m

A 1000-kg car travels at 30 m/s and then quickly stops in 3.6 s to avoid an obstacle. What is the magnitude of the average force in kiloNewtons (kN) that stopped the car? v(f) = v(o) +at 0=30 + a(3.6) -30/3.6=a a= -8.33 m/s^2 (1000 x -8.33) = -8330 N -8330 / 1000 = { -8.33 kN } = 8.33 kN or (30/3.6)x 1000 /1000 = 8.33 kN
A 1100-kg car travels at 22 m/s and then quickly stops in 3.4 s to avoid an obstacle. What is the magnitude of the average force in kiloNewtons (kN) that stopped the car?

(22/ 3.4) x 1100 / 1000 = 7 kN

A Bullet and a Block

Calculate the magnitude of the linear momentum (in kg m/s) for the following cases: A 11.0 g bullet moving with a speed of 340.0 m/s. (11/1000)= 0.011 kg x 340 m/s= 3.74 kg m/s 3.74 kg m/s A 30.0 g block moving with a speed of 6.00 m/s. (30/1000)= 0.03 kg x 6 m/s= .18 kg m/s If the bullet and the block collide while moving in the SAME direction, and the bullet sticks inside the block: What is the magnitude of bullet-block system's momentum (in kg m/s) after the collision? (3.74 + .18 ) 3.92 kg m/s

What is the system's speed (in m/s) after the collision? (3.92 kg / (11/1000+ 30/1000)) = 95 m/s 3.92/0/041 = 95 m/s

Find the speed [km/h] at which Superman (mass=81 kg) must fly into a train (mass = 19600 kg) traveling at 76 km/hr to stop it. ? m1v1=m2v2 19600 x 76= 81v2 1489600 / 81 = 18390 Running into the train at that speed would severely damage both train and passengers. Calculate the minimum time [s] Superman must take to stop the train, if the passengers experience an average acceleration of -0.54*g (g = 10 m/s2). ? 76 / 3600 x 1000 = 21 vo= 21 Vf=Vo + a*t 0=21 + -4.7t -21= -5.4 t t= 3.91 How far [m] does the train then travel while being slowed to a stop? use new Vo in place of 74.5 and solve for t 21 * 3.9 + (0.5)(-5.4)(3.9)^2= 41.3 m

A block (4 kg) starts from rest and slides down a frictionless ramp #1 of height 10 m. The block then slides a horizontal distance of 2 m on a rough surface with kinetic coefficient of friction k = 0.5. Next, it slides back up another frictionless ramp #2. Find the following numerical energy values: Initial gravitational potential energy on Ramp #1: U1G = Ug=mgh 4 kg x 10 x 10 m = 400 J

Kinetic energy at bottom of Ramp #1 before traveling across the rough surface: =400 J (equals the initial ) Magnitude of Heat dissipated by friction after traveling across the rough surface

Wf = -kmg*s 0.5 x 4 x 10 x 2 = 40 J
Kinetic energy at bottom of Ramp #2 after traveling across the rough surface: 400-40 = K = 360 J

Kinetic energy at bottom of Ramp #1 after traveling across the rough surface again

360 -40 = 320 J

Final gravitational potential energy on Ramp #1 after momentarily stopping: U 1G =

320 J (nothing changes)

A block (6 kg) initially compresses spring #1 (k = 1000 N/m) by 80 cm from its equilibrium point. When the block is released, it slides a total horizontal distance of 1.5 m on a rough surface with kinetic coefficient of friction k = 0.5. The block then compresses a stiffer spring #2 and momentarily stops. Find the following numerical energy values of the block: (0.5)(1000)(80)^2= 3200000/ (10 ^5)= Initial spring potential energy at Spring #1: U1S = 320 J

Magnitude of heat dissipated by friction after traveling across the rough surface: fs = 45 J

0.5 x 6 x 10 x 1.5 = 45

Final spring potential energy at Spring #2 after momentarily stopping: U 2S = 275 J

320 45 = 275 J

What is the moment of inertia for a ring with mass 3 M and an axis of rotation through the center of the ring (perpendicular to the plane of the ring) with radius 2 R.

(3) x (2^2)= 12
What is the moment of inertia for a disk with mass 4 M and an axis of rotation through the center of the disk with radius 1 R.

( 4 x 1^2)/ 2 = 2
What is the moment of inertia for a hollow sphere with mass 1 M and an axis of rotation through the center of the sphere with radius 4 R. I = 2*1M (4R)/3 = 2 x 1 (4)^2/3=10.667

What is the moment of inertia for a solid sphere with mass 3 M and an axis of rotation through the center of the sphere with radius 4 R.

2*3M*(4R)/5 2 x 3(4)^2 / 5 = 19.2 A spinning disk is rotating at a rate of 2 rad/s in the positive counterclock-wise direction. If the disk is slowing down at a rate of 4 rad/s2, Find the wheel's angular velocity in rad/s after 2 s. 2 +-4(2)= -6 A spinning disk is rotating at a rate of 4 rad/s in the positive counterclock-wise direction. If the disk is speeding up at a rate of 2 rad/s2, Find the wheel's angular velocity in rad/s after 2 s. 4+2(2)=8

A 1-kg pellet travels with velocity 280 m/s to the right when it collides with a 39kg hanging mass which is initially at rest. After the collision, the pellet remains lodged in the hanging mass, i.e., it is a completely inelastic collision. The hanging mass (+pellet) then swings upward and reaches a maximum height h max before swinging downward again. Assume that no external forces are present and therefore the momentum of the system is conserved. What is the velocity vf of the hanging mass + pellet immediately after the collision?

39+1 = 40
280 m/s / 40 kg = 7 m/s What is the final kinetic energy Kf of the hanging mass + pellet immediately after the collision? Kf = 0.5 (m1 + m2) vf2. (0.5)(40)(7)^2 = 980 J What is the maximum height hmax of the swinging hanging mass + pellet in centimeters? 980= 40 * 10 H 980/400= 2.45 2.45 x 100 = 245 cm