6

.. 96-99, 144-147.
.-. . 349-361
. .pdf

H 2 + Br2
2 HBr

(1)

.
.
.
) :
h
Br2
Br + Br

(2)

)
T =500 600 K
Br2
Br + Br

(3)

)
T =800 K , Ni
F2
F +F

(4)

) :

RH + Co3+ R +Co 2+ + H +

(5)

, .
Br2 (2).
(5)
:

d [ R]
= k [ RH ][Co3+ ]
dt

, ( (1))

Br + H 2 HBr + H
H + Br2 HBr + Br

(6)

Br + H 2 HBr + H
H + HBr H 2 + Br

Bri .

1
O2 + H 2 H 2O
2

(7)

H +O2 OH + O

OH + H 2 H 2O + H

(8)

O + H 2 OH + H

H , ,
H OH .
.
) -
:
kd
kchem
H
H

+
Surface

{H + Surface}
diffusion

(9)

) -
:
k
H + H + M
H2 + M

(10)

(10) .
) :

 6
k
HO2 + M
H +O2 + M

(11)

C60 R ( )
R +C60
k

(11)
.
1) , ,
( (9)).
2) .
. , .
3)
,
( (11)).
-:

Br2 + H2 = 2 HBr
:

(0)

k0
Br2
2 Br

(12)
G0 (500K),kJ
140

( 600, 10-14, (Br)= 10-7, (Br2)= 1)

:

(1)

k1
Br + H 2
HBr + H

66

(2)

k2
H + Br2
HBr + Br

-179

(3)

k3
H + HBr
H 2 + Br

-66

(4)

k4
Br + Surface
{Br * Surface }

(5)

k0
2 Br + M
Br2

, -
:

(6)
(7)

k6
H 2
2H

400

k7
Br + HBr
Br2 + H

179

(0)

(3).

. -
:

d [ H ]
(13)
= k1[ Br ][ H 2 ] k2 [ H ][ Br2 ] k3[ H ][ HBr ] = 0
dt
k1[ Br ][ H 2 ]
[ H ] =
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr]
Bri ,

2 Br i
Br2
k0

k0

[ Br i] = [ Br2 ]K

(14)
(15)

d [ HBr ]
= k1[ Br ][ H 2 ] + k2 [ H ][ Br2 ] k3[ H ][ HBr ]
dt

(16)

Bri H i ,
, , :

d [ HBr ]
k1[ Br ][ H 2 ]
= k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ] + k2
[ Br2 ]
dt
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]
k3

k1[ Br ][ H 2 ]
[ HBr ] = k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ] +
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]

+ k2

k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ]
[ Br2 ]
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]

k3

k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ]
[ HBr ] =
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]

k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ]

k3[ HBr ]
k2 [ Br2 ]
1 +

=
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ] k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]

2k2 [ Br2 ]
k1 K [ Br2 ][ H 2 ]
=
k2 [ Br2 ] + k3[ HBr ]

1
2k K [ Br ] 2 [ H ]
2
2
1

k
[
HBr
]
1+ 3

k2 [ Br2 ]

(17)
,
.

 6
, :

[ Br2 ] >> [ HBr ]

1
1
2k K [ Br ] 2 [ H ]
1
2
2

2k1 K [ Br2 ] 2 [ H 2 ]
1 + k3 [ HBr ]

k2 [ Br2 ]

(18)