1 Principles and Concepts, 1 Observation, Ld Examination, 15 Principles, 15 Vital Sins, Scanning Examination, 17 Examination of Specific Joints, 28 Functional Assrment, 39 Special (Diagnostic) Tests, 46 Reflexes and Cutancous Distribution, 50 Join Play Movements, 54 Palpation, 54 Diagnostic Imaging, Précis, 65 Case Studies, 66 Conclusion, 68 Appendix, 69 2 Head and Face, 71 Applied Anatomy, 71 Patient History, 7: Observation, 90 Examination, 96 Examination of the Head, 96 Examination of the Face, 104 Examination of the Eye, 106 Examination ofthe Note, 112 Examination of the Teeth, 113. Examination of the Ear, 113 Special Test, 116 Reflexes and Cutancons Distribution, 117 Join: Play Movements, 118 Palpation, 118 Diagnostic Imaging, 122 Précis of the Head and Face Assessment, 126 Case Studies, 126 Appendix, 128 3 Cervical Spine, 130 Applied Anatomy, 130 Patient History, 135, Observation, 142 Examination, 143 Contents Active Movements, 144 Passive Movements, 150 Resisted Lometric Movements, 153 Scanning Examination, 154 Functional Assessment, 158 Special Tests, 161 Reflexes and Ctancons Joint Play Movements, 18: Palpation, 184 Diagnostic Imaging, 188 Précis of the Cervical Spine Assessment, 198 Case Studies, 198 Appendix, 200 riburion, 180 4__Temporomandibular Joint, 203 Applied Anatomy, 203 Patient History, 205 Observation, 210 Examination, 213 “Active Movements, 2. Passive Movements, 216 Resisted Iiomerric Movements, 217 Functional Asesment, 217 Special Tests, 217 Refleses and Cutancous Distribution, 219 Joint Play Movements, 220 Palpation, 221 Diagnostic Imaging, 224 Précis of the Temporomandibular Joine Assessment, 227 Case Studies, 228 Appendix, 229) Shoulder, 231 Applied At Patient Observation, 240 Examination, 246 ‘Active Movements, Passive Movements, 258 Resited Inomerric Movements, 261 Functional Asessment Special Test, 270 Refleses And Cutaneous Distribution, 322 Joint Play Movements, 327Palpation, 330 Diagnostic Imaging, 333 Précis of the Shoulder Assessment, 348. Case Studies, 349 Appendix, 351 Elbow, 361 Applied Anatomy, 361 Patient History, 364 Observation, 365 Examination, 365 Active Movements, 366 Passive Movements, 368 Resisted Liometric Movements, 369 Functional Asesment, 372 Special Tests, 372 Reflexes and Cutancous Distribution, 381 Joint Play Movements, 385 Palpation, 386 Diagnostic Imaging, 388 Précis of the Elbow Assessment, 393 Case Studies, 393 Appendix, 395 Forearm, Wrist, and Hand, 396 Applied Anatomy, 396 Patient History, 400 Observation, 401 Common Hand and Finger Deformities, 404 Other Physical Findings, 410 Examination, 410 Active Movements, 41 Passive Movements, 416 Resisted Isometric Movements, 418 Functional Asessment (Grip), 419 Special Tests, 435 Reflexes and Cutancous Dieribution, 446 Joint Play Movements, 451 Palpavion, 453 Diagnostic Imaging, 456 Précis of the Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Assessment, 464 Case Studies, 464 Appendix, 466 Thoracic (Dorsal) Spine, 471 Applied Anatomy, 471 Patient History, 475 Observation, 475 Kyphosis, £76 Contents Scoliosis, 478 Breathing, 479 (Chest Deformities, 482 ination, 482 Active Movements, 483, Exa Pasive Movements, 492 Resisted Isometric Movements, 495 Functional Assesment, 495 Special Tests, 495 Reflexes and Cutancous Distribution, 501 Toint Play Movements, 502 Palpation, 506 Diagnostic Imaging, 508 Précis of the Thoracic Spine Assessment, 512 Case Studies, 512 Appendix, 514 9__Lumbar Spine, 515 Applied Anatomy, 515 Patient History, 520 Observation, 528) mn, 532 ‘Active Movements, Passive Movements, 537 Resisted Leometric Movements, 539 Peripheral Joint Scanning Examination, 547 Myotomes, 548 Functional Asesrment, 550 Special Tests, 558 Refleses and Cutancons Distribution, 578 Joint Play Movements, 581 Palpation, 585 Diagnostic Imaging, 588 Précis of the Lumbar Spine Assessment, 608 Case Studies, 609 Appendix, 611 Exat 10 Pelvis, 617 Applied Anatomy, 617 Patient History, 619 Observation, 621 Examination, 625 Active Movements, 626 Passive Movements, 630 Reristed Isometric Movements, 634 Functional Assesment, 635, Special Tests, 635 Reflexes and Cutancons Distribution, 644 Joint Play Movements, 644 Palpation, 649 Diagnostic Imaging, 652 Précis of the Pelvis Assessment,McCall Meteack PAIN QUESTIONNAIRE CHAPTER 1 « Principles and Concepts Pact Mow Stcong ts Your Pint ese a ei kre pl nig iy. They specific nerves. Thus, the examiner must have detailed Knowledge of the sensory distribution of nerve roots (dermatomes) and peripheral nerves as the different distributions may tell where the pathology or problem is if the nerve is involved. Bone pain tends to be deep, boring, and localized. Vascular pain tends to be diffuse, aching, and poorly localized and may be referred to other areas of the body. Muscle pain is usu ally hard to localize, is dull and aching, is often agra DMEGill-Melrack Pain Questionnaire, (From Melzack R: The McGill pain questionnaire: Major properties and scoring methods, Pun 1:280-281, 1975.) vated by injury, and may be referred to other areas (Table 1-4). If 4 muscle is injured, when the muscle contracts or is stretched, the pain will increase. Inert tissue such as ligaments, joint capsules, and bursa tend to exhibit pain similar to muscle pain and may be indis- Jishable from muscle pain in the resting state (c.g., when the examiner is taking the history); however, pain in inert tissue is increased when the structures are stretched or pinched, Each of these specific tissue