Chaduvu - March 23rd, 2009

Welcome to Eenadu - Education Special http://eenadu.net/specialpages/sp-edumain.asp?
qry=sp-edumain1
Last Updation on 23rd March 2009; Updated Every Monday
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Welcome to Eenadu - Education Special http://eenadu.net/specialpages/sp-edumain.asp?qry=sp-edumain1
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4 of 10 3/23/2009 15:28
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„çÕŸ¿-œ¿ÕÂ¹× Âí¢ÅŒ “X¾¬Ç¢-ÅÅŒ Œ ÍäÂ¹Ø-ª½Õ-®¾Õh¢C.

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‡œþ-å®šü ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð \N «áÈu¢!

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an „ÃœÄL. European (§Œâªî-X-§

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ÍÃ©Ç ®¾¢Ÿ¿-ªÃs´©ðx prepositions “X¾§çÖ’¹¢ Åç©Õ’¹Õ ÆªÃnEo ¦šËd …¢œ¿Ÿ¿Õ. X¶©¾ Ç¯Ã X¾Ÿ¿¢ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ, ÅŒªÃyÅŒ, X¶©¾ Ç¯Ã
preposition ªÃ„Ã-©¯ä E§ŒÕ-«Ö©Õ …¯Ãoªá. …ŸÄ-£Ç¾ -ª-º
½ Â¹× 'éª¢œî Æ¢ÅŒ-®¾Õh©ðÑ ÆÊ-œÄ-EÂË, in the second floor ÆE „Ãœ¿-Â¹Ø-œŸ¿ ¿Õ, on the
second floor „ÃœÄL.
Tenses: ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð „çáÅŒh¢ 12 tenses …Êo-X¾p-šÂË Ì OšË©ð past perfect continuous, future continuous, future perfect, future
perfect continuous© OÕŸ¿ “X¾¬Áo©Õ Æœ¿-’¹ª½Õ. NÕ’¹ÅÃ 8 tenses OÕŸ¿¯ä “X¾¬Áo-©Õ¢-šÇªá.
* Active voice ÊÕ passive voice ©ðÂË «Öêªa-{-XÛ¾ pœ¿Õ passive sentence subject+ be form+ verb «âœî ª½ÖX¾¢ + preposition+
object Æ¯ä ®¾Ö“ÅÃEo ¤ÄšË¢-ÍÃL. AV ©ðE object, PV ©ð subject ’ÃÊÖ, subject object ’ÃÊÖ «Öª½-ÅÃ-§ŒÕ¯ä N†¾-§ŒÖEo ’¹Õª½Õh¢-ÍŒÕ-
Âî-„ÃL.
* Simple, complex, compound sentences©ð ‡Â¹×ˆ« «Öª½Õˆ©Õ ²ÄCµ¢-ÍÃ-©¢˜ä phrases, clauses ’¹ÕJ¢* Â¹~×ºo¢’Ã Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-„ÃL. ŠÂ¹
„ÃÂ¹u¢©ð ŠêÂ clause …¢˜ä ÆC simple sentence Æ«Û-ÅŒÕ¢C. ŠÂ¹ main clause, ŠÂ¹ subordinate clause …¢˜ä ÆC
complex sentence Æ«Û-ÅŒÕ¢C. éª¢œ¿Õ main clauses …¢˜ä ÆC compound sentence Æ«Û-ÅŒÕ¢C.
Letters«âœ¿Õ ª½ÂÃ©Õ...
* Letters ©ð personal letters, business letters, official letters ÆE «âœ¿Õ ª½ÂÃ©Õ …¢šÇªá. Personal letters ©ð salutation...
2 of 3 3/23/2009 15:29
Dear father, My dear father, Dear Mr. Ravi, Dear Ravi ©äŸÄ My Dear Ravi ©Ç’¹ …¢œÄL. Official letters ©ð Sir ©äŸÄ
MadamÊÕ salutation ’Ã „ÃœÄL.
* Subscription’Ã Personal letters©ð Yours lovingly / affectionately; business or official letters ©ð Yours faithfully E „ÃœÄL.
* Spelling, synonyms, antonyms N†¾-§ŒÕ¢©ð ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§ Ë ŒÕšü X¾Û®¾h-ÂÃ©ðx …¢œä X¾ŸÄ© ²Änªá©ð “XÏæXªý ÂÃ„ÃL.
* Passage ©ðE “X¾¬Áo-©Â¹× •„Ã-¦Õ©Õ ªÃæ®-{-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ «á¢Ÿ¿Õ’Ã “X¾¬Áo-©ÊÕ ÍŒCN, ‚ ÅŒªÃyÅŒ passageÊÕ ÍŒC-NÅä ®¾Õ©-¦µ¼¢’Ã Æª½-«
n Õ-«Û-ÅŒÕ¢C.
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šðåX¶©ü šÌO
…ÊoÅŒ ÍŒŸ¿Õ-«Û© Âî®¾¢ NŸä-¬Ç-©Â¹× „ç@Çx-©-ÊÕ-Â¹×¯ä NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× šðåX¶©ü ÍÃ©Ç
«áÈu-„çÕÊi Æª½|Å.Œ ¨ X¾K-Â¹~©ð …Bh-ª½Õ©g Õ ÂÃ„Ã-©¢˜ä PÂ¹~º B®¾Õ-Âî-«œ¿¢ ÅŒX¾p-
E-®-J¾ ’Ã NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ¦µÇN-®¾Õh¢-šÇª½Õ. ƒ©Ç¢šË NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹× ÅîœÄp{Õ Æ¢C¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË
‡œ¿Õu-êÂ-†-Ê¾ ©ü ˜ã®d¢Ï ’û ®¾Ky®ý (¨šÌ-‡®ý) NÊÖÅŒo KA©ð “X¾ÅäuÂ¹ ˜ãL-N-•¯þ ÂÃª½u-
“Â¹-«Ö-©ÊÕ “X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šËd¢C.
šðåX¶-©üÂ¹× ÅŒ§ŒÖ-ª§
½ äÕu NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ ƒÂ¹ ÊÕ¢* ƒ¢{-éªošü ŸÄyªÃ ÍÃ©Ç “X¾§çÖ-•Ê¢
¤ñ¢Ÿ¿-«ÍŒÕa. “X¾X¾¢-Í-„Œ Ãu-X¾h¢’Ã ¦Ç’Ã “¤ÄÍŒÕª½u¢ ¤ñ¢CÊ §Œâ{Öu¦ü
(www.youtube.com) ŸÄyªÃ Æ¯äÂ¹ „çÕ©-Â¹×-«©Õ Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. šðåX¶©ü, ƒÅŒª½ ¦µÇ³Ä
²Ä«Õª½nu X¾K-Â¹~©Õ Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢Íä ¨šÌ-‡®ý “X¾ÅäuÂ¹ ˜ãL-N-•¯þ ÂÃª½u-“Â¹-«Ö-©ÊÕ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C¢*
§Œâ{Öu¦ü ŸÄyªÃ „ÃšËE “X¾²Äª½¢ Íä®Õ¾ h¢C. www.youtube.com/TOEFLtv ŸÄyªÃ
OšËE ÍŒÖœíÍŒÕa, N¯íÍŒÕa. «áÈu¢’Ã NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Õ Â¹†d¢¾ ’Ã ¦µÇN¢Íä ƒ¢Tx†ý ®¾¦Âãb- ¹×©d ð X¾{Õd ²ÄCµ¢-Í-œŒ Ä-EÂË ¨ “X¾²Ä-ªÃ©Õ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-X-œ¾ -Å¿ Ãªá.
‡¯îo OœË-§çÖ©Õ
šðåX¶-©ü©ð N•§ŒÕ¢ ²ÄCµ¢-*Ê NŸÄu-ªÕ½ ©n Õ ¤ò®ýd Íäæ® OœË-§çÖ©Õ ÍÃ©Ç Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-¦Ç-{Õ©ð …¯Ãoªá. OšË-Åî-¤Ä{Õ ÆŸµÄu-X-Â¾ ¹×©Õ, šðåX¶©ü ¦%¢Ÿ¿¢,
N¬Áy-N-ŸÄu-©-§ŒÖ©Õ ¤ò®ýd Íäæ® OœË-§çÖ©Õ Â¹ØœÄ ÍŒÖœíÍŒÕa. §Œâ{Öu-¦ü©ð J>-®ªd¾ ý Æªá-Ê-„Ãª½Õ OœË-§çÖ©Õ X¾¢XÏ¢-Í-«Œ ÍŒÕa. OšËE ¨šÌ-‡®ý
X¾K-ÂË~¢* ÆÊÕ-«Õ-A-æ®h¯ä šðåX¶-©ü-š-OÌ ©ð ¤ò®ýd Íä²Ähª½Õ.
šðåX¶©ü Æª½|ÅŒ ŸÄyªÃ “X¾X¾¢-Í-„Œ Ãu-X¾h¢’Ã 130 Ÿä¬Ç-©ðxE 6000 ÂÃ©ä-°©Õ “X¾„-¬ä Ç-©ÊÕ Eª½y-£ÏÇ-®¾Õh-¯Ãoªá. OšË©ð ÍäªÃ-©-ÊÕ-Â¹×¯ä NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n Â¹×
šðåX¶-©ü-šOÌ …X¾-§çÖ-’¹-X-œ¾ ¿Õ-ÅŒÕ¢C. éÂJ-§ÕŒ -ªý©ð …ÊoÅŒ ²Än¯Ã-©Â¹× „ç@Á-œx Ä-EÂË «Õ¢* ƒ¢Tx†ý ÅŒX¾p-E-®J¾ . NŸÄu-ª½Õ-©n -Åî-¤Ä{Õ ƒ¢Tx†ý ²Ä«Õ-ªÃnu-©ÊÕ
åX¢¤ñ¢-C¢-ÍŒÕ-Âî-„Ã-©-ÊÕ-Â¹×¯ä ƒÅŒ-ª½Õ-©Â¹× Â¹ØœÄ šðåX¶©ü šÌO “X¾§çÖ-•-Ê-Â¹ª½¢.
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‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢-’û©ð PÂ¹~º

‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢’û, …ÅŒpAh, “ê’œË¢’û Æ¢¬Ç©ðx EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «ÕÊ-Ÿ-¬ä Á¢©ð …Ÿîu’¹
Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-ÅÕŒ -¯Ãoªá. ¨ Æ¢¬Ç©ðx PÂ¹~º ƒÍäa ®¾¢®¾©n Õ ÍÃ©Ç ÅŒÂ¹×ˆ-«’Ã
…¯Ãoªá. ¯îªáœÄ (…ÅŒh-ª-“½ X¾-Ÿ-¬ä ü)-©ðE Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè¯ãj þ Æ¢œþ ˜ãÂÃo-©°
ƒE-®-{Ïd Öušü (èäœ-šÎ ‰Ì ) ‚¦µ¼-ª-º½ Ç© œËè-Eãj ¢’û, …ÅŒp-AhÂË ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢* Æ¯äÂ¹ ª½ÂÃ©
Âîª½Õq-©ÊÕ Æ¢C-²òh¢C. „ÃšË N«-ªÃ©Õ...
Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-Eãj ¢-’û©ð éª¢œä@Áx œË¤ñx«Ö
*
* Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-Eãj ¢’û Æ¢œþ «ÖÊÕu-¤Ä¶ u-Â¹a-J¢-’û©ð \œÄC ƒ¢˜ã-“ê’-˜œã þ Âîª½Õq
* «â¯ço@Áx èã«Ö-©°
* 45 ªîV© œç« j Õ¢œþ “ê’œË¢’û
OšË-Åî-¤Ä{Õ Ÿ¿Öª½-NŸ¿u ŸÄyªÃ ‚éªo@Áx Vu§ŒÕ-©K œËè-Eãj ¢’û Âîª½ÕqÊÕ ¨ ®¾¢®¾n Æ¢C-²òh¢C. ‚§ŒÖ Âîª½Õq©ðx «Õ¢* “X¾A¦µ¼ Â¹Ê-¦-ª-*½ Ê „ÃJÂË
…Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ Â¹Lp-²Ähª½Õ.
\Ÿç¯j Ã ƒ¢{-Kt-œ-§
Ë ŒÕšü ÍŒC-NÊ NŸÄuª½Õ©n Õ ¨ Âîª½Õq-©Â¹× Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh Íä®¾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. éª¢œä@Áx Âîª½ÕqÂ¹× ªÃÅŒ-X-K¾ Â¹~, ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’Ã Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ
‡¢XÏÂ¹ Íä²Ähª½Õ. NÕT-LÊ Âîª½Õq-©Â¹× “X¾A¦µ¼ ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’Ã ‡¢XÏÂ¹ …¢{Õ¢C.
* Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh NŸµÄÊ¢, ƒÅŒª½ N«-ªÃ©Õ www.jdtiindia.com ©ð ©Gµ-²Ähªá.
* Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç-®¾Õh© ®ÔyÂ¹-ª-º½ Â¹× *«-J-ÅDä : \“XÏ©ü 16, 2009
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®Ô\ X¾K-Â¹~©Õ W¯þ 1 ÊÕ¢*!

ÍÃª½ªd ýf ÆÂõ¢-˜Fã q Âîª½ÕqÂ¹× ®¾¢¦¢-Cµ¢-*Ê ÆEo X¾K-Â¹~-©ÊÕ ‰®Ô-\‰ „ÃªáŸÄ „ä®Ï¢C. „äÕ ¯ç©©ð •ª½-’Ã-LqÊ X¾K-Â¹~©- ÊÕ ‡Eo-Â¹© å†œ¿Öu©Õ Ÿ¿%³Ädu
W¯þÂË „ÃªáŸÄ „ä®-ÊÏ {Õx ‰®Ô-\‰ æXªíˆ¢C. XÔ¨Ð2, “¤ñåX¶†- -Ê¾ ©ü Â¹¢XÔ-˜Fã q Âîª½Õq, åX¶Êj ©ü, ‰‚-ªý‡¢, ‡¢.‡.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1), šË.‡¢.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1),
®Ï.‡¢.®Ï. (¤ÄªýÐd 1), ‰.šË.-‡©ü., œ¿¦Õxu.-š.Ë Š. X¾KÂ- ¹~-©ÊÕ W¯þ 1 ÊÕ¢* 15 «ª½Â¹× Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ-¯Ãoª½Õ.
X¾K-Â¹~© X¾ÜJh N«-ªÃ-©ÊÕ ÅŒyª½©ð Nœ¿Õ-Ÿ©¿ Íä²Ähª½Õ. ®Ô\ ®¾¢¦¢-CÅµ Œ X¾K-Â¹~©Õ «ÕÊ-Ÿ-¬ä Á¢-©ðE 110 êÂ¢“ŸÄ-©-Åî-¤Ä{Õ Ÿ¿Õ¦Çªá, ‘Ç{t¢œ¿Õ,
Æ¦Õ-ŸÄ-G-©©ð Â¹ØœÄ •ª½Õ-’¹Õ-ÅÃªá.
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ƒ’îo©ð ‡¢.ÂÃ¢.
Ÿ¿Öª½-N-Ÿ¿uÂ¹× æXª½Õ-’Ã¢-*Ê ƒ¢C-ªÃ-’Ã¢Dµ èÇB§ŒÕ ²Äª½y“- AÂ¹ N¬Áy-N-ŸÄu-©§ŒÕ¢ (ƒ’îo) X¾ªîÂ¹~ X¾ÊÕo© ÆŸµ¿u-§ÕŒ -Ê¢©ð «Ö®¾ªd ý ‚X¶ý ÂÃ«Õªýq
(‡¢.ÂÃ¢.)ÊÕ “X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šËd¢C. ¯ä†-Ê¾ ©ü ÆÂÃ-œO¿ Õ ‚X¶ý Â¹®„¾d þÕq, ‡Â¹q-ªáèü Æ¢œþ ¯Ãªîˆ-šÂË úq (‡¯þ-\-®¨
-Ô -‡¯þ) ®¾£¾Ç-ÂÃ-ª½¢Åî ƒ’îo ¨ Âîª½ÕqÊÕ
Eª½y-£ÏÇ¢-Í-ÊŒ Õ¢C.
Âîª½Õq ®Ï©-¦-®ýÊÕ ‡¯þ-\-®-¨
Ô -‡¯þ ª½Ö¤ñ¢-C-®¾Õh¢C. “X¾„-¬ä Ç©Õ, ¦ðŸµÊ¿ , „çÕšÌ-J-§ŒÕ©ü, ®¾J-Xd -ê¶Ï Â-†-¯¾ þ-©ÊÕ ƒ’îo X¾ª½u-„-Âä Ë~-®¾Õh¢C. ‚Jn-Â¹-«u-«®¾n N®¾h%A åXª½Õ-
’¹Õ-ÅîÊo KÅÃu X¾ÊÕo© EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «Õ¢* …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç©Õ …¢šÇªá. Ÿä¬Á ‚ŸÄ-§ŒÕ¢©ð ŸÄŸÄX¾Û 50 ¬ÇÅŒ¢ X¾ªîÂ¹~ X¾ÊÕo© ŸÄyªÃ¯ä
«®¾Õh¢C. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x X¾ªîÂ¹~ X¾ÊÕo© EX¾Û-ºÕ-©Â¹× «ÕJ¢ÅŒ “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ …¢{Õ¢C. Âîª½Õq N«-ªÃ-©Â¹× www.ignou.ac.in ÍŒÖœ¿-’¹-©ª½Õ.
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ƒÊÖq-éª¯þq, „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢-šü©ð ®¾J-Xd -é¶Ï Âšü Âîª½Õq

H«Ö ª½¢’¹¢©ð Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Ÿ¿%†Ï©d ð …¢ÍŒÕ-ÂíE, Â¹ªÃg-{-Â¹-©ðE «ÕºË-¤Ä©ü ÆÂÃ-œO¿ Õ, å£ÇÍý-œ-‡Î -Xý¶ ®Ô ²Äd¢œ¿ªýf ©ãXj ¶ý ®¾¢§Œá-Â¹h¢’Ã ®¾J-Xd -é¶Ï Âšü Âîª½ÕqÊÕ
“X¾„-¬ä Á-åX-šÇdªá. ƒÊÖq-éª¯þq Æ¢œþ „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢-šü©ð «âºão@Áx PÂ¹~º Âîª½Õq ƒC. ƒ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð éª¢œ¿Õ ¯ç©© PÂ¹~º, ‹ ¯ç© ƒ¢{-ªýo-†XÏ ý …¢{Õ¢C.
Âîª½Õq X¾ÜJh-Í-®ä ÊÏ „ÃJÂË å£ÇÍý-œ-‡Î -X¶ý®Ô ²Äd¢œ¿ªýf ©ãXj ¶ý ®¾¢®¾n æ®©üq N¦µÇ-’¹¢©ð …Ÿîu’¹ Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©ÊÕ Â¹Lp-®¾Õh¢C. ‡¢H\ Íä®ÊÏ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ-©n Â¹×
“¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ƒ²Ähª½Õ. \Ÿç¯j Ã “’Ãœ¿Õu-§äÕ-†¯¾ þ, ¤ò®¾Õd “’Ãœ¿Õu-§äÕ-†¯¾ þ ©äŸÄ ‡¢H\ Íä®ÊÏ Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ©n Õ Ÿ¿ª-‘½ Ç®¾Õh Íä®¾Õ-Âî-«ÍŒÕa. ƒÊÖq-éª¯þq, „äÕ¯ä-èü-„çÕ¢šü,
®¾¢¦¢-CÅµ Œ ª½¢’Ã©ðx ÆÊÕ-¦µ¼«¢ …Êo-„Ã-JÂË “¤ÄŸµÄÊu¢ ©Gµ-®¾Õh¢C. ªÃÅŒ-X-K¾ Â¹~, ƒ¢{ª½Öyu ‚ŸµÄ-ª½¢’Ã Æ¦µ¼u-ª½Õ-©n ÊÕ ‡¢XÏÂ¹ Íä²Ähª½Õ.
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'Rains' Æ¯íÍÃa?
Test Your Proficiency
ŠÂîˆ-²ÄJ ÂíEo X¾ŸÄ-©Â¹× ¦£¾Ý -«-ÍÊŒ ¢ …¢Ÿî ©äŸî «ÕÊÂ¹× ®¾Õp´J¢-ÍŸŒ ¿Õ. Æ©Ç¢-{-XÛ¾ pœ¿Õ ‚ X¾Ÿ-“¿ X¾-§çÖ-’¹¢©ð ÅŒœ-¦¿ -œ¿Õ-ÅŒÕ¢šÇ¢.
ƒ¢Tx-†ý©ð OÕ X¾J-èÇc-¯ÃEo X¾K-ÂË~¢-ÍÕŒ -Âî-„Ã-©E …¢ŸÄ? ÆªáÅä ÂË¢Ÿ¿ ƒ*aÊ ÂËyèüÊÕ X¾ÜJh-Í-§
ä ŒÕ¢œË. 'ÂÌÑ •„Ã-¦Õ-©Åî OÕ
•„Ã-¦Õ-©ÊÕ ¤ò©Õa-Â¹×E, ²òˆéª¢Åî Åç©Õ-®¾Õ-Âî¢œË!
I. Choose the correct sentences:
01) A.These books are not intended to you
B. These books are not intended at you
C. These books are not intended for you
D. These are not the books which are intended to you
02) A. Rain is likely today

B. A rain is likely today
C. Rains are likely today
D. We are likely to have a rain today
03) A. He is a painter, a poet, a scientist and an architect all rolled into one
B. He is a painter and a poet, a scientist and an architect
C. He is not only a painter but also a painter, a scientist and an architect
D. He is a painter, poet, scientist and architect, all rolled into one
04) A. Neither he nor I is interested in it

B. Neither he nor I am interested in it
C. Neither I nor he is interested in it
D. Neither I nor he am interested in it
05) A. Myself saw him do it
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B. I only saw him do it

C. I myself saw him do it
D. Myself only saw him do it
II. Choose the correct word that has the meaning of the groups of words below:
06) A Group of chickens:
A. Brood B. Flight C. Hive D. Litter
07) A Group of birds:

A. Crowd B. Hover C. Cloud D. Flight
08) A group of flies: A. Flock B. Swarm C. Gaggle D. nest

09) A group of parrots:
A. Company B. Mob
C. Leash D. Gaggle
10) A group of buffalos/ cows:

A. Pride B. Herd
C. Company D. Flock
KEY: 01 C,02 A, 03 D, 04 B, 05 C, 06 A, 07 D, 08 B, 09 A, 10 B
N«-ªº½ ƒC’î
01. Answer: C. ¨ X¾Û®¾h-ÂÃ©Õ FÂ¹× …ŸäPl ¢*ÊN (intended) ÂÃ«Û. Intended ÅŒªÃyÅŒ ‡X¾Ûœ¿Ö for ªÃ„ÃL. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹E A, D and B,
wrong.
02. Answer A: ƒ„Ãy@Á «ª½¥¢ ªÃ«ÍŒÕa ÆE Æª½n¢. Rain, uncountable. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-«©x A rain Æ¯Ão rains Æ¯Ão ®¾J ÂÃŸ¿Õ. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹E B, C &
D, wrong
03. Answer D. ŠÂ¹-JêÂ …Êo ÆEo ’¹ÕºÇ©Ö ÍçæXp-{-X¾Ûœ¿Õ, ‚ ’¹ÕºÇ-©©ð „çáŸ¿šË ŸÄEÂË «á¢Ÿ¿Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ a/an „ÃœÄh¢. ƒÂ¹ˆœ¿ ÆÅŒE
*“ÅŒ-ÂÃ-ª½Õœ¿Ö, Â¹N, ¬Ç®¾„Y- Åä Œh, „Ã®¾Õh-PLpÐ ÆFo, ÆE sentence Æª½n¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹E ÆEo¢-š-ÂË ¹¯Ão «á¢Ÿ¿ÕÊo painter «á¢Ÿ¿Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ 'a'
„Ãœ¿{¢ correct.
04. Answer B. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ©ð ‚®¾ÂËh ÆÅŒ-EÂÌ ©äŸ¿Õ, ¯ÃÂ¹Ø ©äŸ¿Õ ÆE Æª½n¢. ƒ©Ç Neither... nor (ÆD ©äŸ¿Ö, ƒD ©äŸ¿Ö)Åî éª¢œ¿Õ subjects ÊÕ
Nœ¿-D-®-ÊÏ -X¾Ûœ¿Õ, verb éª¢œî subject ÊÕ ¦šËd …¢{Õ¢C. ƒÂ¹ˆœ¿ éª¢œî subject 'I' ÂÃ¦šË,d am ªÃ„ÃL. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹×E A and D wrong. IÅî
ƒ¢êÂ subject Êªá¯Ã „ÃœË-Ê-X¾Ûœ¿Õ, I ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö *«ª½ „ÃœÄh¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹E Neither I nor he ÆÊ{¢ (B) wrong.
2 of 3 3/23/2009 15:31
05. Answer C: ÆÅŒÊÕ ƒC Íä§ŒÕ{¢ ¯äÊÕ (¯ä¯)ä ÍŒÖ¬ÇÊÕ ÆÊo Æª½n¢Åî. Sentence ÊÕ ‡X¾Ûpœ¿Ö Myself, yourself, himself ©Ç¢šË
pronouns Åî “¤Äª½¢-Gµ¢ÍŒ¢. A and D Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹E ÅŒXÛ¾ p. I only ÆÊ{¢ Â¹ØœÄ ®¾J ÂÃŸ¿Õ. ¯ä¯ä ÆE Â¹*aÅŒ¢’Ã Íç¤Äp-Lq-Ê-X¾Ûpœ¿Õ, I ÆE
«ÕÊ¢ Â¹¢ª¸½¢Åî ¯íÂËˆ X¾©Õ-Â¹×ÅÃ¢. Æ¢Ÿ¿Õ-Â¹×E B, wrong.
II. 06 ÊÕ¢* 10 «ª½Â¹× X¾Â¹~×©/ •¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©/ ÂÌ{-ÂÃ© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û-©Â¹× English ©ð „Ãœä «Ö{©Õ (Collective nouns).
06. Answer A. ÂîœË-X-©Ï ©x ®¾«â£¾Ç¢ - Brood. (B) Flight = X¾Â¹~×© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û. (C) Hive - Åä¯-šç -’Ì ¹© «âÂ¹. (D) Litter - Â¹×Â¹ˆ-©Çx¢šË
•¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©, „ÃšË XÏ©©x ®¾«â£¾Ç¢ (Litter = ¨Ê{¢ Ð Â¹×Â¹ˆ-©Çx¢šË •¢ÅŒÕ-«Û©Õ)
07. Answer D. X¾Â¹~×©
®¾«â£¾Ç¢ (‚ÂÃ-¬Á¢©ð ‡Têª) A flight of birds; A. Crowd= «ÕÊÕ-†¾ß© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û B. Hover= ÂÃÂ¹×© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û
C. Cloud= NÕœ¿-Å©
Œ ’¹Õ¢X¾Û
08.Answer: B (¨’¹© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û, ªíŸ¿ Íäæ®); A: Flock= ’í“éª© «Õ¢Ÿ¿ C. Gaggle = ¦ÇÅŒÕ© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û; D: Nest = ’¹Öœ¿Õ/ Ÿí¢’¹©/
„çÖ®¾-’Ã@ÁÙ} ’¹Õ¢X¾Û’Ã …¢œä Íî{Õ
09. Answer A. *©-Â¹© ’¹Õ¢X¾Û (Company)
B: mob: «ÕÊÕ-†¾ß© «âÂ¹/ ÂÃ¢’¹-ª½Ö© «âÂ¹
C: Leash=ÊÂ¹ˆ© «âÂ¹, D: Gaggle = ¦ÇÅŒÕ-©-’¹Õ¢-X¾Û-ÊÂ¹× ƒ¢Âî «Ö{.
10. Answer B. X¾¬ÁÙ-«Û© «Õ¢Ÿ¿ A: Pride = ®Ï¢£¾É-©-’¹Õ¢X¾Û.

Ð ‡¢. ®¾Õêª-¬Á¯þ
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Welcome to Eenadu - Education Special http://eenadu.net/specialpages/sp-edumain.asp?

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* ŠÂ¹šð ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø, «¢Ÿî ªÃu¢Â¹×Â¹Ø «ÕŸµ¿u ÅäœÄ 10 «Öª½Õˆ©Õ «Ö“ÅŒ„äÕ!

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X¾ªÃu-«-ªº½ ¢: ’¹ÅŒ¢©ð Â¹¢˜ä ƒX¾Ûpœ¿Õ ¨ ª½¢’¹¢-©ðE Æ«-ÂÃ-¬Ç-©åXj NŸÄu-ª½Õ©n Ÿ¿%†Ïd åXª½Õ-’¹Õ-Åî¢C.

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an „ÃœÄL. European (§Œâªî-X-§

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02) A. Rain is likely today

04) A. Neither he nor I is interested in it

05) A. Myself saw him do it

B. I only saw him do it

07) A Group of birds:

08) A group of flies: A. Flock B. Swarm C. Gaggle D. nest

10) A group of buffalos/ cows:

10. Answer B. X¾¬ÁÙ-«Û© «Õ¢Ÿ¿ A: Pride = ®Ï¢£¾É-©-’¹Õ¢X¾Û.

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