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BI TP LN
MN IN T CNG NGHIP V Y T

H V Tn: Lp : MSSV:

ti: Tm Hiu Nguyn L H Thng Siu m Vi Cng Sut Pht P= Kw, Tn S f= hz Dng Bin T , S Dng Trong .

Ni Dung Ti. Chng 1: Tng Quan V K Thut Siu m Chng 2: C S Vt L Ca Dao ng Siu m. Chng 3: Bin T. Chng 4: Chn My Pht. Chng 5: Gii Thiu Thit B Cng Ngh. Chng 6: Gii Thiu Cng Ngh Ra Sch.

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Chng 1 : Tng Quan v K Thut Siu m

1.Khi nim chung: - Siu m l nhng dao ng n hi c tn s f >16 kHz, cao hn tn s m m con ngi nghe c. Dao ng siu m nhn c t nhng ngun pht khc nhau: -Bin i chuyn ng ca cc dng thy kh thnh dao ng siu m. -Chuyn i dao ng in thnh dao ng siu m nh cc bin t. H thng thit b cng ngh siu m bao gm: -Ngun pht dao ng in t: dng my pht in t, bn dn, Thiristor -Bin t: L phn t bin i dao ng in thnh dao ng c trn c s s dng hiu ng t gio hay p in. -Cc phn t truyn dao ng n hi t bin t n mi trng s dng. + Ngun bin dao ng in thnh dao ng siu m nh vt liu t gio nh Ni, Fe Co , pherit

Bin t t gio + Ngun bin dao ng in thnh dao ng siu m nh vt liu p in nh BaTiO3.

Bin t p in -H thng thit b siu m

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Thit b cng ngh (my gia cng,b ra,my hn)

My pht

Bin t

> 16 kHz Cng nh dao ng m, dao ng siu m lan truyn di dng song n hi trong cc mi trng kh, lng, rn. Phn ln cc nh lut c trng cho dao ng m gn ng vi dao ng siu m; tuy nhin do tn s ca dao ng siu m cao hn tn s dao ng m nn cc tnh cht ca dao ng n hi c thay i v tc dng ca dao ng siu m vo vt cht cng thay i. 2.ng dng ca siu m - Siu m bin nh (bin p in): dng kim tra, thm d, o lng, hay trong ngnh Quc phng. - Siu m bin ln ( bin t gio): hu ht s dng trong cc lnh vc cng nghip nh : luyn kim, ch to phi (c, hn, gia cng p lc), cng ngh lm sch, kh trng, v dng trong c Quc phng.

Chng 2 C S Vt L Ca Dao ng Siu m .

A. Khi nim * C s vt l C s vt l l s phn hi ca tia siu m t cc t chc trong c th , s phn hi ny ph thuc vo: - Tc truyn ca sng m trong mi trng - Tr khng m ca mi trng - S hp th ca t chc - Thng s(f,) ca sng siu m v cu trc hnh hc ca t chc * Tc truyn ca sng m: Ph thuc vo mi trng. Tc trung bnh ca sng siu m trong cc t chc phn mm 1540m/s. Bit c vn tc truyn, khi o thi gian i v v ca sng siu m ta c th nh v tr r c b mt phn x * Tr khng m ca mi trng v cc nh lut truyn m - Tr khng m z: Tr khng m ca mi trng gi nm na l vang hay di ca sng m trong mi trng
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Tr khng ca mi trng c vai tr quyt nh vi bin ca sng phn x trn mt phn cch gia 2 mi trng - S phn x v s khc x m c truyn i theo nhng tia gi l m tia. Phn x v khc x: Khi sng m truyn trong mi trng ng nht v ng hng n s truyn theo phng thng; khi gp mt phn cch ln gia 2 mi trng c tr khng m khc nhau tc l c vn tc truyn m khc nhau, tia m s tun theo nh lut phn x v khc x. Mt phn nng lng ca sng m s phn x ngc tr li v phn cn li s truyn tip vo mi trng th 2. Dao ng Siu m l 1 dng sng iu ha mang tnh cht ca dao ng t do v dao ng cng bc. B. Dao ng iu ha, dao ng t do, dao ng cng bc I.Dao ng iu Ha. Dao ng iu ha l cc chuyn ng dao ng m cc i lng dc trng cho n lp i lp li theo nhng khong thi gian nh nhau(chu k T). - Tn s ca dao ng f=1/T. Quy lut ca dao ng iu ha l cc dao ng hnh sin. c trng ca dao ng iu ha theo : (t)= Asin (t+) Trong : A: Bin dao ng. t+ : pha ca dao ng.

: gc pha. : Tn s Gc = T : chu k. f:Tn s =2f.

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Tc ca dao ng ( = )

Gia Tc ca dao ng iu ha : a =

Nhn xt: Cc i lng , , a khi dao ng iu ha thay i 1 cch chu k theo thi gian t vi cng tn s nhng lch pha. II. Dao ng t do. nh ngha: Dao ng t do l dao ng iu ha ca vt th do bn thn thc hin di tc dng ca lc n hi v lc qun tnh (dao ng quanh v tr cn bng). Phng trnh vi phn ca dao ng t do. c thit lp da trn c s lc n hi v lc qun tnh. Lc n hi: Fd=xi. : dch chuyn. xi: hng s n hi.

Lc qun tnh:Fqt=m.a=m. m: khi lng. t: thi gian.

Phng trnh vi phn ca dao ng t do. Fd=Fqt => = m.

=>

xi.

m.

= 0

=>

=0

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: l tn s ring ca h dao ng.

Biu thc ca dch chuyn : (t)= Asin (t+). Th nng ca dao ng : Wt = . = = .

ng nng ca dao ng : Wd = = .

Nng lng ton phn ca dao ng: W = Wt+Wd = III. Dao ng t do tt dn: l dao ng t do ca vt th di t/d ca lc n hi, lc qun tnh, lc ma st do lm bin dao ng tt dn. - Biu thc ca lc ma st Fms = -r.v r l h s tn hao do ma st. Phng trnh vi phn ca dao ng t do tt dn c dng : m +r + xi. = 0 =

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+2

.=0

0 =

: l tn s ring ca h dao ng. : tn s suy gim.

Biu thc i vi dch chuyn : = A.

Nhn xt : h dao ng c tn hao ma st s c s suy gim v bin , gia tc, cn dao ng c v tn s. IV. dao ng cng bc. L dao ng gy ra do tc dng ca ngoai lc iu ha. Biu thc ca ngoi lc iu ha. Fn = F0 sint. Phng trnh vi phn ca dao ng cng bc : m +r + xi. = F0 sint

biu thc ca c dng: =A sint(khng tn hao)

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A= A- Bin . F- ngoi lc tc dng. 0, l tn s gc ring v tn s gc ca h dao ng. f0,f l tn s ring v tn s gc ca h dao ng. = : h s suy gim. r : h s cn. V. Hin tng cng hng l hin tng khi tn s ca ngoai lc tc dng bng tn s ring ca h dao ng. Khi f = f0 th bin dao ng tng t ngt.

1< 2< 3< 4 Amax khi f = f0. Bin cng hng Amax= =

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Trong : r = .2m; 0 = 2f0 VI. H s phm cht v h s tn hao. 1. H s phm cht c trng cho s tng bin dch chuyn ca h dao ng, tng tc , tng lc khi h dao ng cng hng l t s gia cng sut phn khng v cng sut tn hao. Q= =

2.

H s tn hao:

Nhn xt: Tn hao trong mi trng phu thuc tnh cht c l, cu trc mi trng, tn s dao ng. VII. Tr khng dao ng ca h dao ng. Z = Fo bin lc. V0 bin tc .

= I0(R+X). I= Nhn xt : h dao ng coi l cng kh tr khng c hc ln(Z rt ln) v v rt nh. + h dao ng coi l mm khi Z nh v v ln. + thi im cng hng = 0 (f = f0) th Zmin = r C. Sng m v Siu m.
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1.Khi nim : L qu trnh lan truyn song n hi tn s m v siu m, to nn sng m v siu m. - gi l bc song. = C.T = C - Tc truyn song. T - Chu K. F - Tn s. f f f < 16000 HZ m. Siu m m siu cao

( 16000 20000 HZ) > 108

Cc loi sng n hi: 1.ty thuc vo mi trng n hi. +sng dc p sut (ko nn)

+sng trt p sut (s trt) +sng phng ngun pht l mt phng. +sng tr: ngun pht l mt tr. +sng cu: ngun pht l mt cu. 2.Cng dng

-sng dc truyn:

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- sng va dc va ngang :

- sng ngang: - sng un:

-sng xon: Ch : -Trong mi trng cht lng v cht kh ch truyn c sng dc -Trong mi trng cht rn truyn c tt c cc loi sng. II. Phng trnh truyn sng v cc biu thc c bn i vi sng m v siu m. 1.phng trnh truyn sng m trong mi trng n hi. a,phng trnh truyn sng phng.

=
bin dch chuyn. x tc truyn sng. C tc truyn sng. T thi gian.

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Nghim ca phng trnh : (x,t) = A sin(t k b, phng trnh truyn sng tr A : bin : tn s gc. k )

(r,t) =

sin(t

c, phng trnh truyn sng cu. (r,t) = sin(t )

2.Cc biu thc c bn ca sng phng khng k tn hao. a, Tc dao ng. hm ca bin theo t : V(x,t) = = A cos(t =V0 cos(t V0 bin tc Vi sng bin dng : = ) )

(x,t) = Vi
0

= A.k. cos (t

) =

.cos (t

= A.k

bin ca sng bin dng.

c, biu thc vi sng ng sut

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= E. = E .
0

= E.A.k. cos (t

) =

cos (t

l bin sng ng sut.

d, Biu thc sng p lc : P (x,) =- (x,) = E.A.k. cos (t P0 bin sng p lc. 3.Biu thc sng phng trong mi trng n hi c tn hao (h s suy gim). a. dch chuyn (,t) = A sin(t ) ) = P0 cos (t )

b. biu thc vi tc . V(x,t) = = V0 cos(t )

c. biu thc bin dng (x,t) =

=A

cos(t

III. Tc truyn sng m trong lng kh rn. 1.Tc truyn sng m trong cht kh. C = C : tc truyn sng(cm/s). : h s. p sut(N/ )

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mt (g/cm3) 2.Tc truyn sng m trong cht lng C = C : tc truyn sng. : mt cht lng(g/cm3) h s p ng nhit( /N)

3.Tc truyn sng m trong cht rn Loi sng Sng dc Kch thc vt th << kch thc vt >> kch thc vt C= Thanh C=

Tm C= Sng ngang Sng un --------------------------C= ---------------------------C=

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Sng xon ---------------------------C=

Ghi ch : : h s poision. E- Modul n hi. - bc sng - mt G- modul trt C- tc truyn sng

IV. p lc m, nng lng m, tr khng m, cng sut m dng phn. 1.p lc m. P = P1 - P2 (N/Cm3) P1 = p lc tnh ca mi trng. P2 = p lc thay i do sng m gy ra. P = P0 cos(t P0 = .c.v0 = mt C tc m. =2f tn s gc. A bin dich chuyn. ) c A bin p lc m.

2.Nng lng m . = - nng lng m. m- kch thc v- th tch

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= .

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v0 bin tc dao ng. 3.Cng m I= .C = .C. .2.A2 ) I < 10-3 /cm2

Tc m(eng/ -nghe c :

-bnh thng 0,1 < I < 2 /cm2 -cao I > 104 /cm2

4.Tr khng sng m trong mi trng. Z= =

= 5. Cng sut m. W= Bng ,c, kh, lng. Mi trng Hi nc Khng kh Nc Bin Nhit 134 20 20 17 (g/cm2) ------------1,29 .10-3 0.99 ------------C(cm/s) 0,14 .105 0,34.105 1,4.105 1,51-1,53 .105 Tr khng Z ---------------44,2 1,49.105 ----------------

Bng ,E,G, rn.

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Vt Liu NiKen Thp C (g/cm3) 9,8 7,8 E,G 2,05 2,04 G 0,7 0,28 0,31 0,28 C.10-5 4,78 5,05

V. S hp th m, phn xa m, sng m ng, dng m, s xm thc. 1. S hp th m: -c trng bi s gim cng m v bin dao ng. I = I0 2.S phn x v khc x. Phn x : I = I0 . k2 K= Khc x :1,2 k: h s phn x

=
Ch c2>c1, 2> 1 3.Sng m nh -sng ti: 1 = A1 . sin 2( - )

-sng phn x 2 = A2 . sin 2( + ) -sng ng: = 1 + 2 =2A cos 4.Dng m

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sin t

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Khi truyn trong cht lng sng siu m to ra lng ht chuyn ng trong cht lng l lung m

Dng m to ra lung m F= 5. s xm thc. - khi sng m truyn trong mi trng nu c vng b p v vng b gin. -vng b gin c cc bt kh. -na chu k sau s b p, cc bt kh n v to ln hin tng : 1 p lc rt ln trong cht lng. -to xung thy lc bn ph cc vt cht gi l hin thc xm thc. * Hin tng xm thc ph thuc vo tn s f , cng m . khi tn s v cng m tng s xm thc cng tng.

Chng 3 Bin T

Phn t bin i t dao ng in sang dao ng c chnh l bin t. Vt liu: Ni, Fe,Co,Ferit Vt liu t gin t n trong t trng lm thay i kch thc , hnh dng. Vt liu p in BaTiO3 Vt liu thit k h thng siu m cho my pht s dng bin t co. Vt liu t gio l vt liu t trong t trng s thay i kch thc. c tnh: + Hng s t gio = = -35.10-6
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+ T cm bo ha Bmax = 0,64 Tesla + t thm: 0 = 400 ma = 2500 + Lc kh t: Hc = 55,7 A/m + in tr sut: = 7.10-6 /m + Mun n hi: E = 2,1.106 kg/cm2 + Mt 0 = 8,9g/cm3 + gii hn bn: b = 47 kg/cm2 + Tc truyn sng m: c = 4,78.105 cm/s I. Tnh ton kch thc bin t 1, Chn kt cu : 2 li, 1 ca s

2, Tnh ton

- Din tch b mt pht

- S1 = P1 :cng sut in a vo bin t P0: cng sut in ring phn ca vt liu bin t, P0Ni = 5080W/cm2

Vi P1 = 2,5kw = 2500w
S1 = 2500:50= 25 cm2

Kch thc b mt pht (chn b=6,q=5) b .q =5.5= 30cm Chiu di vai (da). Chn da a. (chn a = 2) theo bng v bin t t gio Co trn chn da2 h0 = arctg[mcotgda]
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k0 = ===0.26 0 = = = 23.9cm S0 =a.q=2.5=10cm2 S1 = b.q=6.5=30cm2 m =2 (2 li) S1tg = mS0cotgk0da tg= tg0.13h0 = 5,34.10-3 h0 = 2,356 (h0 2a) h0 tng 5% khi f = 20kHz<25kHz h = h0 + 2da = 2,356 + 2.2 = 6,356 II. Tnh ton v in cho bin t - Cng sut pht m ca bin t Pa = = = 70.10-6 Bmax = 0,64 m =2 S0 =10cm2 c.m =0,6 0,7 ==

= 0,667

0c0 = 8,9 . 4,78 . 105=42,5.105g/cm2s Pa = 3,4.10-10kw - Cng sut a vo bin t P = = = 6,8 . 10-10 kw (a h s hu ch chuyn in thnh m 0,40,55) - S ampe vng dy t ha (IW0)(chn b0 = 2) IW0 =H0ltb

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ltb =1+1+1+1+2h0+2b0 =4+2.2,356+2.2=12,712cm H0 = 1020stet(chn 15stet) IW0 = 12,712 . 15 = 190,68 - S ampe vng dy kch t IW~ = H~ltb H~ = 20 stet IW~ = 20 . 12,712 = 254,24 H0, H~ cng t trng, t ha vo kch t chn theo B(Ni) Ltb chiu di ng t trong li bin t - S vng dy n= C P =0,5 kw chn U =220V f = 20kHz B =640 gaoxo S0 = 10 n 40 - Dng t ha I0 = = - Dng kch t I~ = = = 3,187 = 2,384A

- Dng tng cng I0 2 + I ~ 2 =3,98 2202 103 I= - in tr tng

R == - Tit din Sd0 = =

=96,8

= 0.45cm2 (i = 68 lm ngui nc)

Sd~ = =

= 0.59cm2

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Chng 4 Chn my pht

Phn loi : + Theo dng thit b chuyn i. *My pht in t cng sut ln,u rt ln. *My pht bn dn: cng sut nh, trung bnh u nh , I ln. *My pht in: cng sut < 250 kw. + Theo s *My pht in t v bn dn c th kch thch c lp hoc t kch, t ng iu khin tn s, n nh thng s cng ngh. *My pht in: u trc tip ti ti, nhn tn n ti. + Theo kh nng lm vic. *My pht vn nng : thay i tn s f, P, U dng luyn kim, gia cng c kh, hn. *My pht chuyn mn ha. I. Cc c im c bn ca my pht siu m. 1. Tn s lm vic. - Nhm I : My pht in t : f= 18 1,35 , 20 1,65 , 22 1,65 , 44 4,4 , - Nhm II : My bn dn f= 18 1,35 , 66 6,6 khz. - Nhm III : C in t v bn dn dng kim tra siu m. f = 0,8 20 Mhz 2. Cng sut my pht + Nga: 0,04 250 kw
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+ Vit Nam: 0,1 6 kw 3.Hiu sut my pht. = .100%

P: cng sut pht. P1: cng sut tiu th. 4. n nh f: f1 = f0 f = f1 - f0 </= 5.10-3 5. n nh bin dao ng . < 5.102 6. Ch lm vic - sin : gia cng, ra, hn. - xung : kim tra. II. Chn my pht siu m. Vi cng sut ln P = 0,5 kw ta s dng my pht siu m dng bn dn thyristor.

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S my pht siu m thiristo 200VA. My pht siu m thiristor c 3 khi : khi ngun cung cp gm bin p Tr1,Tr2 v b chnh lu. Khi iu khin K c iu chnh bi in tr dng ng m Thiristor cng sut T. Khi cng sut gm ch yu l Thiristor T c u ni vi ti Rt. my pht c cng sut 200VA tn s lm vic 20000Hz my c dng cung cp cho my gia cng siu m. c im: + Cng sut tiu th(kW) P0 = 0,2 7,5 kW + Cng sut pht (kW) + Hiu sut + Tn s + in p ra ti + p ngun + Rti + Dng t ha + Dng kch t P1 = 0,2 10 kW = 70% f = 17,5 28 kHz Ura ti = 150 360 V U~ =220V, 380V RT = 12 I0 = 16 A I~ =

Kt lun: Chn my pht siu m tiristor v cng sut P =0,5kW v f= 20kHz => dng kch t I~ = = = 4,722 A

Chng V Gii Thiu Cng Ngh Gia Cng C Kh.

Cng ngh siu m c ng dng rt nhiu trong gia cng c kh vi 5 hng ng dng c th: 1. Gia cng chi tit bng s chuyn ng ca cc ht mi trong trng siu m Cu to: Nguyn l lm vic Truyn dao ng siu m vo b gia cng lm cc ht mi chuyn ng va p vo chi tit gia cng lm mn chi tit gia cng.

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c im: cho chnh xc : = 0,005mm

2. Gia cng kch thc bng s va p ca dng c siu m vo ht mi. Cu To: Nguyn l : Dng my pht cao tn tc ng vo bin t lm dao ng vi bin (dc) a vo dng c gia cng tc dng vo ht mi lm nh hng n chi tit gia cng Ch yu l vt liu cng gin v vt lieu bn dn dng trong cng nghip in t

Chng 6 : GII THIU CNG NGH

I. Khi nim:

1. Gia cng chi tit bng s chuyn ng t do ca ht mi: Trong trng siu m,ht mi v chi tit chuyn ng,di tc dng ca dng m,ht mi va p vo chi tit lm mn chi tit. Phng php ny s dng siu m : tn s f = 16-30 kHz,bin A = 0,01-0,06 mm,t chnh xc gia cng c kh. 2. Gia cng chi tit bng s va p ca dng c: Dng c c dao ng siu m va p vo ht mi,lm cho ht mi gia tc ng nng va p vo chi tit lm mn chi tit gia cng. Phng php ny s dng siu m c tn s f = 18-22 kHz, bin A = 0,01-0,06mm,t chnh xc 0,01, bng Ra=1,25; dng nhiu trong gia cng cc vt liu bn dn,vt liu cng dn. 3. Lm sch b mt mi:
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0,005mm;dng ty ba via chi tit sau khi

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Dng c sa mi c dao ng siu m tc dng trc tip vo b mt ,p lc ca dng m s lm trc i phoi kim loi b nht cht vo khe gia cc ht mi trong qu trnh mi,lm cho mi t mi sc,gim ma st,gim nhit ct,gim lc ct khi mi,tng chnh xc v bng gia cng. Phng php ny s dng siu m c tn s f = 18-22 kHz,bin A = 0,01-0,06mm;trang b u siu m t ng sa cho my mi trong dy chuyn t ng. 4. Gia cng ct gt c ng dng siu m: Truyn dao ng siu m vo cc dng c ct thng thng ( nh dao tin,mi khoan doa,dao phay,ta r,bn ren),lm gim ma st,gim lc ct,tng chnh xc gia cng. Phng php ny s dng siu m c tn s f = 18-22 kHz,bin A = 0,01-0,06mm,dng nhiu trong gia cng cc vt liu bn dn v vt liu cng dn. 5. Lm bn mt chi tit bng siu m: Dng c c dao ng siu m mit vo b mt chi tit lm bin dng lp b mt chi tit,lm tng cng,tng bn mn lp b mt. Phng php ny s dng siu m c tn s f = 16-22 kHz,bin A= 0,01-0,06mm. II. My ct siu m:

My ct siu m c u siu m va p vo ht mi,ht mi li va p vo vt gia cng lm mn vt gia cng. Phng php ny ch yu dng gia cng cc vt liu bn dn,vt liu cng dn. 1. Phn loi: 3 nhm my -Nhm my cng sut nh : Cng sut P = 0,2-0,3KW,tn s f =1822kHz,gia cng l =0,15mm. -Nhm my cng sut trung bnh : P = 0,3-1,5 KW,tn s f = 1822kHz, chnh xc 0,01mm; bng Ra=0,3 M.

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-Nhm my cng sut ln : P > 1,5 KW,tn s f = 18-22kHz, chnh xc 0,01mm; bng Ra = M. 2. Kt cu my gia cng siu m: -Bn my: c chuyn ng 3 chiu (x,y,z) nh my phay. -u siu m: gm bin t,dng c gia cng gn lin vi bin t, hp lm ngui. u siu m c chuyn ng trt theo phng z thng ng. Tt c c treo bi 1 i trng, to lc p tnh ln vt gia cng. 3. My cng c ct gt c ng dng siu m: -My tin siu m : Nh my tin thng, c u siu m trun dao ng siu m vo dao tin. -My phay siu m: Nh my phay ng, c u siu m truyn dao ng siu m vo dao phay. -My khoan doa siu m: Nh my khoan ng, c truyn dao ng siu m vo mi khoan,doa. -My mi siu m: Truyn dao ng siu m vo trc mi. -My lm ren siu m: Truyn dao ng siu m vo dng c ct ren. III. Thanh truyn song v dng c gia cng: 1. Thanh truyn sng: Ni bin t v dng c gia cng, truyn dao ng siu m t bin t ti dng c gia cng. Phng trnh truyn sng:

+ k. = 0

y: k =

(x.t) = (x). song.

-Dch chuyn,nghim ca phng trnh truyn

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2. Cc kiu thanh truyn song: -Kiu hnh tr, tr bc. -Kiu hnh cn. 3. Dng c gia cng: B mt dng c gia cng c hnh tit din l gia cng. IV. c trng cng ngh ca gia cng siu m:

1. Nng sut ct : Tnh bng th tch vt liu c ct: V = S.F F: Tit din ngang b mt ct dng c. S: Lng chy dao. 2. Nguyn t nh hng n gia cng siu m: -Bin dao ng A. -Tn s dao ng f. -Nng sut gia cng V. Lng chy dao S. -Lc p tnh ca dng c ct vo vt gia cng. - cng ca vt liu gia cng. V. Qu trnh Tin,Khoan doa,Phay,Mi,Ct ren c tc dng siu m: 1. Tin: -Truyn dao ng siu m vo dao tin. -c im: Tr s, hng vc-t tc ct thay i gim, nng sut, chnh xc, bng tng. 2. Khoan,khot,doa: ma st, lc ct

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-Truyn dao ng siu m vo mi khoan, mi khot, mi doa. -c im: Gim momen ct 2-2,5 ln, lc ct gim 15-20%, bng tng t 5- 8. 3. Phay: -Truyn dao ng siu m vo dao phay (ngn). -c im: Dao phay p18, vt gia cng thp khng g 1X18H9T, bin dao ng A = 0,02-0,025 mm,tn s f =20 kHz xc tng, bong tng. 4. Mi: -Truyn dao ng siu m vo mi, phi. -c im: Vt liu gia cng thp dng c, tn s siu m f = 10-18 kHz, bin A = 0,02mm, nng sut tng, chnh xc tng, bong tng, gi thnh gim 3-4 ln. 5. Ct ren: -Truyn siu m vo dng c ct. -c im: Tn s siu m f = 20kHz, bin A = 0,02mm xon gim 2 ln, chnh xc tng gp 2, nng sut tng 1,5-2 ln. momen nng sut tng 2 ln, chnh

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