BEDOK VIEW SECONDARY SCHOOL 2E HISTORY COMMON TEST 1 2012 ANSWER KEY Section A : Multiple Choice Questions [12m]

1. C 6. A 11. A 2. 3. 4. 5. A C C B 7. 8. 9. 10. B A A B 12. D

Section B: Short Sentence Answers [12m] No. ANSWERS 1. Give two reasons why the early immigrants were attracted to Singapore. The early immigrants came to Singapore because of unfavourable conditions in their homeland [1] and Singapore offered better opportunities. [1] Describe how Singapore was developed under the Raffles Town Plan in 1823. Award 3 marks for any three answers given. Roads were laid out and commercial buildings such as offices and shophouses were put up.[1] Roads of the town were widened. [1] Street lighting using coconut oil lamps was started. [1] Land along the seafront was reclaimed. [1] Many churches, government offices and public buildings were built. [1] 3. What is 'philanthropy'? Name one well-known philanthropist in Singapore and describe his act of philanthropy. 'Philanthropy' is the giving of money and other help to people who need them without asking for anything in return. [1] Award 1 mark for any one philanthropist given and 1 mark for act of philanthrophy. Tan Tock Seng [1]; He spent money to ensure that the poor had proper burials/ He established the Paupers' Hospital on Pearl's Hill/the 'Thong Chai Medical Institution in 1867. [1] Govindasamy Pillai [1]; He contributed generously to towards the welfare of the Indian community and Hindu religious projects. [1] Why did the British government neglect the Chinese schools? The British believed that the Chinese schools bred anti-British feelings among their students [1] and preferred to concentrate more on English schools to maintain loyalty among the English-speaking Chinese. [1] How were the Asians being discriminated by the British government during the 19th century? Award 2 marks for any two answers given.
2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS Page 1 of 6

Marks [2]

2.

[3]

[3]

4.

[2]

5.

[2]

High-ranking officials were Europeans and well-qualified Asians were not given senior or important posts in the government service. [1] Asian doctors educated in British universities were as well-qualified as the British doctors but the government would not allow them to hold senior posits in the hospitals. [1] Asians were discouraged from travelling in first-class carriages. [1] Asians were not allowed to use the dance floor or the bar in some hotels as they were reserved only for Europeans. [1] Section C: Source-based Questions [16m] LEVEL OF RESPONSE MARK SCHEME (a) Study Source A. What can you infer from Source A about the life of the early immgrants in Singapore? Explain your answer. Target: Inference Level L1 Lifting/Copying L2 Inference, unsupported

[5]

Descriptor

Marks 1 2-3

I can infer from Source A that the life of the early immigrants was harsh or the early immigrants had poor living conditions in Singapore. I can also infer from Source A that the early immigrants were poor. I can infer from Source A that the early immigrants had developed social vices. Inference, supported I can infer from Source A that the life of the early immigrants was harsh or the early immigrants had poor living conditions in Singapore. This is supported by Source A that says "The rampant spread of diseases such as beriberi, tuberculosis and malaria were caused by poverty, overcrowding, malnutrition and poor hygiene." I can also infer from Source A that the early immigrants were poor. This is also supported by Source A that says "The high mortality rate - higher than in Hong Kong, Ceylon or India was also attributed to opium addiction who could only afford to smoke very low quality opium." I can infer from Source A that the early immigrants had developed social vices. This is also supported by Source A that says The high mortality rate - higher than in Hong Kong, Ceylon or India was also attributed to opium addiction who could only afford to smoke very low quality opium."

L3

4-5

(b) Study Source B. What does Source B show you about the early Chinese immigrants who came to Singapore? Explain your answer. Target: Inference
2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS Page 2 of 6

[5]

Level L1 L2

Descriptor Describe without making an inference Inference, unsupported. Source B shows me that the early Chinese immigrants had crowded living condition/environment. Source B also shows me that they were poor. Inference, supported Source B shows me that the early Chinese immigrants had crowded living condition/environment. This is supported by Source B which shows that they did not have individual room but to live in a quarter filled with many people. Source B shows me that the early Chinese immigrants had unhygienic living condition/environment. This is supported by Source B which shows that they eat and live in a small quarter filled with many people. Source B also shows me that they were poor. This is also supported by Source B which shows that they could not afford proper cupboards to keep their personal belongings but to hang their clothes in their cubicle.

Marks 1 2-3

L3

4-5

(c)

Study Source C. How reliable is Source C as evidence to show that the living condition of the early immigrants did not improve? Explain your answer.

[6]

Target: Reliability Level L1 Yes / No L2 No based on typicality

Descriptor

Marks 1 2

L3

Source C is not reliable as evidence because it is an account by an English visitor only. There were other early immigrants whose living condition did not improve but suffered much hardship. Yes based on content Source C is reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of the early immigrants improved in comparison to their homeland. This is supported by Source C that says Compared to China, this place was wonderful. There was plenty of food and water unlike back home where having three meals a day was a problem! Yes / No based on cross reference with other sources or contextual knowledge Reliable Cross-check with Source D, it says that the living condition of Tan Tock Seng who was an early immigrant in Singapore improved. He became a philanthropist. This is supported by Source D that says Eventually, he became rich and opened a shop along the riverside in 1827. Since Source D supports Source C hence Source C is reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of the early immigrants improved.

L4

2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS Page 3 of 6

Or Not Reliable Cross-check with Source A, it says that the life of the early immigrants was harsh or the early immigrants had poor living conditions in Singapore. This is supported by Source A that says "The rampant spread of diseases such as beriberi, tuberculosis and malaria were caused by poverty, overcrowding, malnutrition and poor hygiene." Since Source A does not support Source C hence Source C is not reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of early immigrants improved. Or Cross-check with Source B, it shows that the life of the early immigrants had poor living conditions in Singapore. Source B also shows me that they were poor. This is also supported by Source B which shows that they could not afford proper cupboards to keep their personal belongings but to hang their clothes in their cubicle. Since Source B does not support Source C hence Source C is not reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of early immigrants improved. Both L3 L5 + Motive OR Contextual knowledge Source C is an account of a visitor from abroard to Singapore. His view about immigrants can be objective/not biased. Hence, Source C is reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of early immigrants improved. Furthermore, based on my contextual knowledge, the British government established healthcare system and public works to ensure better living condition of early immigrants. Hence Source C is reliable as evidence to show that the living condition of early immigrants improved.

L5 L6

5 6

Section D: Structured Essay Questions [10m] 1a) The Chinese immigrants contributed the most to Singapores development as a trading port in the 19th century. How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] Level L1 L2 Descriptor Writes about the Indian immigrants but without focus on the question. Describes the given factor, OR identifies/describes other factor(s). Award 3 marks for describing the given factor OR identifying/describing other factor(s). Award 4m for both. The Chinese immigrants came to Singapore to work as Chinese middlemen. Other factors: Malay immigrants, Indian immigrants and European immigrants Explains the given factor OR other factor(s). Mark within the level to be determined by quality of explanation and/or amount of supporting details used.
Page 4 of 6

Marks 1-2 3-4

L3

5-6

2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS

The Chinese immigrants [Given Factor] came to Singapore to work as Chinese middlemen. Most of the trade between the European and Asian merchants was handled by Chinese middlemen, who spoke the necessary languages and knew the needs of their customers. This allowed trade to take place easily as people could understand each other. More traders from the Malay Archipelago and Europe were hence attracted to Singapore as trade could take place easily and Singapore grew as at trading port. The Chinese immigrants also contributed to Singapore's development by working as coolie at docks and construction sites. They helped traders load and unload goods, transport goods and repackage goods. The coolies provided the traders with the labour that they needed. The Chinese immigrants provided the labour required which contributed to the efficiency and frequency of trade increased. This helped Singapore to grow as a trading centre. [Link] OR The Malays [Other Factor] were the earliest settlers when Singapore was just a Malay fishing village. They were fishermen and when more immigrants arrived, they worked as hawkers too to provide basic necessities like food. The Malays contributed to Singapores growth as a trading centre as basic necessities were needed for the growth of a trading centre. The Malays provided food for the labourers which ensured that they had enough strength to work. The Malays also worked as skilled shipbuilders who built ships and boats for the Malay traders. The ships allowed traders to ferry their goods to and fro neighbouring islands. The Malays thus increased trading activities in Singapore and contributed largely to Singapore's development as a thriving trading port in the 19th century. [Link] OR The Indian immigrants [Other Factor] arrived in Singapore in the 19th century to work as moneylenders/chettiars. There were no credit companies then and they provided the much needed finance for the newly established shop-keepers and businessmen. More shops and businesses could now be set up, with the finance provided by the chettiars which contributed to the emergence of new shops and businesses saw an increase in trade and variety of goods. This promoted growth of Singapore as a trading centre. The Indian convicts worked as labourers on public works, road works and road repairs. This was important as they provided the infrastructure or roads for Singapore. Without the Indians, the trade and transportation of goods in Singapore would not have been possible. The Indian immigrants contributed to an increase in Singapores trade volume which was important to Singapores growth as a trading centre. [Link] OR The European immigrants [Other Factor] set up agency houses or mercantile houses. Goods from all over the world were brought in bulk to Singapore and the agency houses would act as agents for companies in English which exported British manufactured goods. They buy controlled the rights to sell these they represented. The European financiers and manufacturers with investment and trading opportunities in Southeast Asia
2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS Page 5 of 6

L4

attracted more capital into Singapore. The agency houses could use the investments to buy a larger number and variety goods. As such, more traders would be attracted to Singapore. Therefore, the European immigrants contributed to Singapores growth as a prosperous trading centre as more agency houses were set up and more trading activities would take place. [Link] Explain Given Factor and Two Other Factors Mark within the level to be determined by the quality of explanation and/or amount of supporting details used. L4 + explains the relative importance of different factors. The different groups of immigrant took up different occupations. Each occupation played significant roles in the economic development of Singapore. In addition, the immigrants also impacted Singapore in the social aspect as it marked the formation of our multi-racial society today. Therefore, I feel that all immigrants, not only the Indian immigrants, had contributed to Singapore's development from a small Malay village to a thriving trading port in the 19th century.

7-9

L5

10

2E HY CT1 2012 (BV) ANS Page 6 of 6