BS7671

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PART 3
O F G E N E R A LC H A R A C T E R I S T I C S
ASSESSMENT
301 ASSESSMENT OF GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
301.1 A n a s s e s s r . n es n c sf t h c i n s t a l l a t i o itnr a c c o r d a n clev i t h

h ta l lb c m a c l eo l ' t h e f i r l l o w i n gc h a r a c l e r i s t i o
the chaptersindicatecl:
(i) The purposefbr u'hichthe installation is intcndedto be usecl.its generalstrLrcture anclits supplies(Cihaptcr 3l)
( i i ) T h c e . r t e r n ai nl f l u e n c etso r i , h i c hi t i s t o b e e x p o s e d( C h a p t e3r 2 )
( i i i ) T h e c o m p a t i b i l i t oy l i t s c q u i p m e n(tt i h a p t e 3
r 3)
( i v ) l t s m a i n t a i n a b i l i t(yC h a p t e3r 4 )
(v) Recognised sen'iccs(Chaptcr35)
saf-ety
( v i ) A s s c s s u c r tl lb r c o n t i n u i t yo 1 ' s e n , i c(eC h a p t e3r 6 ) .
C H A P T E R3 1
P U R P O S ES, U P P L I E SA N D S T R U C T U R E
311 MAXIMUM DEMAND AND DIVERSITY
311.1 the uraximuurdeuand of an installationshall be asscssed.Itl

For cconclnricancl rcliable clesigrr"
demandof ar.rinstallationor partthereof.cliversityuraybe takeninto accoLlnl.
detenriningthe r.naxin.rum
312 ARRANGEMENT OF LIVE CONDUCTORSAND TYPE OF EARTHING
312.1 General
3 1 2 . ' 1. 1 T h c c h a r a c t e r i s t i cnst e n t i o n e di n R c g L r l a t i o n3s1 2 . 2 . 1 a n d 3 1 2 . 3 . 1 s h a l l b e a s c c r t a i n e da r l c l

appropriatcmcthodsof protectiontbr saf-ety selcctedin contplianccrvith Part'1.
3'12.2 Number and type of live conductors
312.2.1 Thc nuurberand typc ol'live conductors(c.g. singlc-phasc two-rvirea.c..three-phasefirur-rvirea.c.)

Wherc the
both fcrrthc sourceof'cnergyand fbr eachcircuit to be usedwithin the installatiort.
shall be deternrined,
sourceofencrgy is providedby a distributor"thc distributorshallbc consultedil'necessary.
312.3 Type of earthing arrangement
312.3.1 systemto be uscd fbr the installationshall be dctcrrnined,clueaccountbeirt,s

The t-vpeof ear-thing
and in particularof any facilitiesfbr carthing.
of thc sourceof cncrg1,"
lakeno1-thecharacteristics
Typesofsystemare:
T N - C . T N - S .T N - C - S .T T a n c lI T .
313 SUPPLIES
313.1 General
The fbllowing charactcristics of the supply or supplies.fltnr r.vhatevcr source,and the normal range of those
c sh e r ea p p r o p r i a t es .h a l lb e c l e t c r r r i n ebdy c a l c u l a t i o nm. c a s u r e u r e netn. e l u i roy r i n s p e c t r o n :
c h a r a c t c r i s t iw
( i ) T h e n o m i n a lv o l t a g e ( sa) n di t s c h a r a c t e r i s t iicnsc l u d i n -hua r m o n i cd i s t o r t i o n
(ii) The naturcol'thc currentancifi'cquency
(iii) The prospcctivcshort-circuitcurrentat thc clriginof thc installatror.r
Z"
( il'1 The earthfirult loop irr,pedanceo1-thatpar-to l'the systenrertemal to the installation.
( v ) T h e s u i t a b i l i t yt b r t h c r e q u i r e m c n tos1 ' t h ei n s t a l l a t i o ni n" c l u d i n gt h e n r a x i m u r .dne r . n a n c l
d e v i c e ( sa) c t i n ga t t h eo r i g i no l ' t h ei n s t a l l a t i t t r t .
( v i ) T h e t y p ea n c rl a t i n go 1t h c o v e r c u r f c upt r o t e c l i v e
3B
l-hesecharacteristics shallbe ascertained for an cxternalsLrpplyand shallbc determinedfbr a privatcsource.These
iirc cqLrallyapplicableto main suppliesand to saf-ety
lcclr.rircrlcnts servicesanclstandbysupplics.
NOTE: Theaboveinlbrrnatiorr shouldbeprovided on
by distribLrtols (sccAppcndix2 Para2).
rcqllcst
313.2 Supplies for safety services and standby systems
\\'lterethe provisionof satctyscrvicesis rcquired"lbr exarnple.by the authoritiesconcerncdwith fire precautions

.rndother conditionsfor ernergencyevacuationof the pren.rises. and/orrvhcrethe provisiono1'standbysuppliesis
lcquiredby the pcrsonspccilyingthe installation. thc of the sourceor sollrccsol supply for safcty
characteristics
s!'r\'icesand/orstandbysystemsshallbe separately assessed.Such sLrppliesshall haveadequatecapacity.reliability
.rnclratingand appropriatechangeover time tbr the opcrationspecified.
NOTE1: Forfirrtherrecluireutents lbr safctlserr"ices.
lbr sLtpplies sccCihapte-r
35 hcrcaftcr 56.
andCihapter
NOTE2: Forstandby theleareno particular
systems. in theseRegulations.
rcquirerlents
314 D I V I S I O NO F I N S T A L L A T I O N
314.1 lrvery installationshallbe divided into circuits.as ltccessary.

to:
( i ) a v o i dh a z a r d a
s n dm i n i r n i z ei n c o n v e n i e n ci nc t h e e v e n to f a f i t u l t
( i i ) t a c i l i t a t cs a f ' ci n s p e c t i o nt e. s t i n ga n d u r a i n t e n a n c( see ea l s cS
l e c t i o n, 5 3 7 )
( i i i ) t a k c a c c o u n t o f c l a n g c r t h a t m a y a r i s c l i o n r t h e t a i l au sr ei no-fs l e c i r c r . r i t s u c h a s a l i g h t i n g c i r c t r i t
currentsproduccd
trippingof RCDs due to exccssivcprolectiveconcluctor
{ir,) reducethe possibilityof unwantecl
by equipnrentin nclrnralopcration
(\') rnitigetethe eff-ects (EMI)
intcrl-erences
of electrouragnetic
t l i ) p r e v e nt h e i n d i r e c et n e r g i z i n o to be isolated.
g 1 ' ac i r c u i ti n t e n d e d
314.2 Separate circuitsshallbe providcdlbr partso1'theinstallationwhich needto be separatcly corrtrolled,

bi, the failure of other circuits.and due accollntshall be tal<etto1'
l sucha way that thosecircLritsare not afl-ected
:lreconsequences of any singleprotectivedevicc.
of the operatior.r
314.3 The numberrrf t-inalcircuitsrecluircd. of pointssupplicclby any flnal circuit.shallbe

and the nut.nber
.,.rchas to facilitatecor.npliance
with the requirenrentso1'Clrapter.l3lbr overcurrentprotectiort.Scctiott537 tbr
>rrlationand switchingand Chapter52 as rcgardscurrcnt-carrying capacitiesof conductors.
314.4 Wherean installationcomprisesr.nore than onc llnal circuit.eachlinal circLritshallbe conncctedto a

-Ji)arateway in a distributionboard.The rviringof eachflnal circuit shallbe electricallyseparatcliorn tlratof evcry
:herfinal circuit"so as to preventthe indirectencrgizingo1'allnal circuit intcndcdto be isolatecl.
CHAPTER32
NF E X T E R N A LI N F L U E N C E S
C L A S S I F I C A T I OO
l . el c r t o C h a p t e5r l a n dA p p c n d i x5 .
39
C H A P T E R3 3
COMPATIBILITY
331 C O M P A T I B I L I T YO F C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S
331.1 An assessmentshallbe rnadeol'any characteristicsof equipmentlikely to haveharntfuleff-ects upon

other electricalequipmentor other servicesor likely to impair thc supply, lirr example.fbr co-ordinationwith
concernedpartiese.g.petrolstations"
kiosksand shopswithin shops.Thosecharacteristics inclucle,fbr exarrple:
(i) transientovervoltases
(ii) undervoltage
( i i i ) u n b a l a n c eldo a d s
(iu) rapidly fluctuatingloads
(r ) startine grlrrenls
( v i ) h a r m o n i cc u r r e n t s
(vii) lcal<age current
(viii) excessil,e protectiveconductorcurrent
( i x ) d . c .f ' e e d b a c k
(r) h i g h - f i e q u c n coys c i l l a t i o n s
(ri) necessityfbr additionalconnections to Earth
(rii) p o w e rl a c t o r .
For an externalsourceof energy the distributorshall be cor.rsulted

regardingany equipmentof the installation
havinga characteristic
likely to havesignificanlinlluenccon tlresupply.
332 E L E C T R O M A G N E T I CC O M P A T I B I L I T Y
332.'l All flxcd installations

shallbe in accordance
with the rclevantEMC rcgulations.
332.2 Considerationshall be given by the plannerand designerof the electricalinstallationto measures

reducingthe effectof inducedvoltagedisturbancesand electromagr.retic (EMl). Measuresare given in
interl'crences
Chapter44.
CHAPTER34
MAINTAINABILITY
341 GENERAL
341 .1 An asscssment shall bc uradc of the fieqLrencyand quality of rnaintenance thc installationcan
reasonablybe expcctedto rcceiveduring its intendedlife. The personor body responsiblclbr the operationand/or
tnaintenance of'the installationshallbe consulted.Thosecharacteristics are to be takeninto accountin applyingthe
requirct.nentsof Par1s,1 to 7 so that,havingregardto the fi'equencyand qualityof rnaintenance expected:
(') any periodicinspectionand testing.maintenance and repairslikely to be necessary dLrringthe intendedlif-e
can be readilyand sal'elycarriedout. and
(ii) the etTectivcncss of the protcctivemeasures fbr saf'etyduringthe inlcndedlife shallnot diurinish,and
(iii) the reliabilityof equipmentfor properfunctioningolthc installationis appropriate to the intendedlif-e.
NOTE: Thcrcnraybeparticular
statutor-v
requircr.ncnts
rclatingto maintcnance.
40
35
CHAPTER
SAFETYSERVICES
351 GENERAL
NOTE 1: The neeclfbr safetyseruicesand thcir ni,rtufeare licqnently regulatcdby statutor'yauthoritieswhosc rcquircmcntshar"e
to be observed.
NOTE 2: Eramples of saf-et1' servicesarc: clnergencycscapelighting. llre alarm systems.installationsfbr firc punrps.lire
rcscuescrvicelifts. smokcandheatextractiouecluipment.
351.1 The lbllowing sources for saf'etyservices are recognised:

(i) S t o l a g eh a t t e r i e s
(ii) Primarycells
(iii) Generator sets independenttl1-thenonlral supply
(iv) A separatcf'eederof the supply network cl1-ectivelyindcpcndentof the nonxal f-eeder(see Regulation 560.6.4).
352 CLASSIFICATION
Ref-er
to Reeulation
560.4.
C H A P T E R3 6
OF SERVICE
CONTINUITY
361 GENERAL
361.1 An assessuient shall be rnade tbr each circuit ol any need fbr continuity of serviceconsiderecl
duringthe intendedlif-eof the installationc.g. life-supportsystel.ns.
necessary shallbe
The fbllowing charactcristics
considered:
(i) Selectionof tl.resystemearthing
(ii) Selectiono1'theprolectivedevicein orderto achievediscrimination
( i i i ) N u r n h eor l - c i r c u i t s
(iv) Multiple power supplies
( v ) U s eo 1 ' m o n i t o r i ndge v i c e s .
A 4
PART4
FORSAFETY
PROTECTION
CONTENTS
C H A P T E R4 1 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T E L E C T R I CS H O C K
410 Introduction
411 Protective measure: Automatic disconnection of supply
412 Protective measure: Double or reinforced insulation
413 Protective measure: Electrical separation
414 Protective measure: Extra-low voltage provided by sELV or PELV
415 Additional Protection
416 Provisions for basic protection
417 Obstacles and placing out of reach
418 P r o t e c t i v em e a s u r e s f o r a p p l i c a t i o no n l y w h e n t h e i n s t a l l a t i o ni s c o n t r o l l e d
or under the supervisionof skilled or instructedpersons
C H A P T E R4 2 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T T H E R M A L E F F E C T S
421 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment
422 Precautions where particular risks of fire exist
423 Protection against burns
C H A P T E R4 3 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T O V E R C U R R E N T
430 Introduction
431 Protection according to the nature of the circuits and the distribution system
432 Nature of Protective devices
433 Protection against overload current
434 Protection against fault current
435 Co-ordination of overload current and fault current protection
436 Limitation of overcurrent by the characteristics of the supply
C H A P T E R4 4 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T V O L T A G E D I S T U R B A N C E S
AND ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES
440 Introduction
441 Not used
442 Protectionof low voltage installationsagainsttemporaryovervoltagesdue to earth faults in
the high voltage system and due to faults in the low voltage system
443 Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switching
444 Measures against electromagnetic influences - Reserved for future use
445 Protection against undervoltage
+z
C H A P T E R4 1
PROTECTION
AGAINSTELECTRICSHOCK
CONTENTS
410 Introduction
410.1 Scooe
410.2 l/of used
410.3 Generalreouirements
411 Protectivemeasure:automaticdisconnectionof supply
411.1 General
411.2 Requirementsfor basicprotection
411.3 Requirementsfor faultprotection
411.4 TN system
411.5 TT system
411.6 lT system
411.7 Functional
Extra-Low Voltage(FELV)
411.8 Reducedlowvoltagesystems
412 Protectivemeasure:doubleor reinforcedinsulation
412.1 General
412.2 Requirements andfaultprotection
for basicprotection
413 Protectivemeasure:electricalseparation
413.1 General
414 Protectivemeasure:extra-lowvoltageprovidedby SELVor PELV
414.1 General
andfaultprotection
414.3 Sourcesfor SELVandPELV
414.4 Reouirementsfor SELVand PELVcircuits
415 Additionalprotection
415.1 protection:
Additional currentdevices(RCDs)
Residual
415.2 protection:
Additional equipotential
Supplementary bonding
416 Provisionsfor basic protection
416.1 Basicinsulationof liveoarts
416.2 Barriersor enclosures
417 Obstaclesand placingout of reach
417.1 Application
417.2 Obstacles
417.3 Placing
outof reach
418 Protectivemeasuresfor applicationonly wherethe installationis controlled
or underthe supervisionof skilledor instructedpersons
418.1 Non-conductinglocation
418.2 Protection
by earth-freelocalequipotential
bonding
418.3 Electrical
separationfor thesupplyto morethanone itemof current-using
equipment
C H A P T E R4 1
A G A I N S TE L E C T R I CS H O C K
PROTECTION
4'IO INTRODUCTION
This chapterclealsrvith plotectionagainstelectricshock as appliedlo electricalinstallations.lt is bascdon IEC

. S EN 6l 140is
( r 1 1 . 1 0w. h i c h i s a b a s i cs a l ' c t ys t a n d a r dt h a t a p p l i e st o t h e p r o t c c t i o no f p c r s o l l sa r l d l i v e s t o c kB
intendcclto give firndamental principlesand requircments that are colrlrronto electricalinstallatiorts and ecluipment
or are necessnry
lbr their co-ordination.
T h e t i r n c l a n t c n traull e 0 1 ' p r o t e c t i oang a i n set l e c t r i cs h o c k ,a c c o r d i n gt o B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 .i s t h a t h a z a r d o L r s - l i v c - p a r t s

shallnot be accessible and accessible conductivcpartsshallr.rotbc hazardous-live. eitherin tlscwithotlt a fault clrin
single-f'au lt conditions.
A c c r l r d i n gr o 4 . 2 o f B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 .p r o t c c t i o nu n d e rn o r t l a l c o n d i l i o n si s p r o v i d e db y b a s i cp r o t e c t i v cp r o v i s i o n s
alcl protectionundcr single-fhultconditionsis provided by fhult protcctiveprovisions.Alternativcly.protectloll
againstelectricshock is providedby an cnhanccdprotectivcprovisionrvhichprovidesprotectionin usc without a
f-aulttrndundersinglc-fhultconditions.
I n B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0 1:
(i) protectionin use lvithout a f'ault(norv designatcdbasic protection)was rcl-erredto as prolcctionagainst
directcontact.and
(ii) protectionundcr fault conclitions(norv designatedf-aultprotection)\r'as rcf-erred1tl as protcctionagainst
i n d i r e c ct o l r t a c t .
410.1 Scope
Chaptcr,ll specifiescssentialrcquirentents rcgardingprotcctionagainstclectricshock.includingbasicprotcctiorl

and fault protcction of persons and livcstock. tt clealsalso rvith the applicaticlnand co-ofdinationof thcse
in relatiou
recluirct.t.tct.tts to inf-luences.
exterttal
aregiven tbr the applicationof additionalprotectionin certaincases.

Requirements
410.2 Nof used
410.3 General requirements
410.3.1 stated:
T h e f o l l o w i n gs p e c i l i c a t i oonf v o l t a g ei s i n t e n d c du n l e s so t h e r w i s e
a.c.volta-uesare rrrs
d.c. voltagesarc ripple-fi'ce.
4'10.3.2 shallconsistof-:
A protectivclrleasure
(i) an appropriatecornbinationof a provision lbr basic protcctionand an indepcndentprovisiorl lbr lault
protcction.or
(ii) an euhancedprotectiveprovisionu,hichprovidcsboth basicprotectionand fault protectiotl.
Adclitionalprotectionis spccifieclas parl of a protectivelreasurcuttdercertainconditionsof externalinfluenceand

in certainspeciallocations(sccthe corresponding, of Palt 7).
Sectior.rs
NOTE 1: Forspecial protecti\,c
applicatigrrs. rneasures (sceRegtrlations'1
arepcnllitted
*'hichdo notfollowthisconccpt 10.3.5
z l
and 10.3.6).
NOTE2: An cxamplco1'arr protectivc
enhancecl nreasure insulation.
is rcinfbrcecl
410.3.3 I n e a c hp a r to f a n i n s t a l l a t i oonn eo r l r o r e p r o t e c t i v ler l e a s u r essh a l lb c a p p l i e dt.a k i n ga c c o u not f t h e

conditionsof cxtcrnalinflucnce.
The fbllou'ingprcltective mcasLlres generallyare pernlitlcd:

( i ) A u t o m a t i cd i s c o n n c c t i oonf s u p p l y( S e c t i o n' 1I I )
( S e c t i o n: l l 2 )
( i i ) D o u b l eo r r e i n f t r r c eidn s u l a t i o n
( i i i ) E l e c t r i c asl c p a r a t i ofnb r t h es u p p l yt o o n e i t c l r o f c u r r c r t l - t t s i negq t r i p m e n( tS c c t i o n4 1 3 )
( i r , ) E x t r a - l o wv o l t a g e( S E L V a n c P l E L V ) ( S e c t i o n' 1l 4 ) .
t rn de r c c t i c lonf c q u i p m c n t .
T h c p r o t e c t i y ter e a s u r eas p p l i e di n t h c i r r s t a l l a t i osnh a l lb c c o n s i d e r eicnl t h c s e l e c t i o a
44
F o r p a r t i c u l airn s t a l l a t i o nsse eR e g u l a t i o n2s1 0 . 3 . 4t o , 11 0 . 3 . 9 .
NOTE: In clcctrical
installations usedprotcctivc
themostcor.r.u.r-ronly urcasllfe
is autonratic o1'supply.
clisconnection
410.3.4 For special installationsor locations, thc additional protective measures specified in thc
corresponding
sectionof Part7 shallbe applied.
410.3.5 T h e p r o t e c t i v em e a s u r essp e c i f i e di n S e c t i o n4 1 7 . i . e .t h e u s eo f o b s t a c l eas n c lp l a c i n go u t o f r c a c l . t .

shallbe usedonly in installations rvhereaccessis restrictedto:
( i ) s k i l l c d ,o r
( i i ) i n s t r u c t epde r s o n sL r n d et rh c s u p e r v i s i oonf s k i l l e dp e r s o n s .
410.3.6 T h ep r o t e c t i v e
m e a s u r essp e c i f i c di n S e c t i o n4 1 8 "i . e .
( i ) n o n - c o n d u c t i nl o
gc a t i o n
(ii) earth-fieelocaleqLripotcntial
bonding
(iii) fbr the supplyto lrore thanone item of currerrt-using
electricalseparation equipnrent
pcrsonsso that
shall be applied only where the installationis undcr the supcrvisionof skilled or instrLrctcd
runauthorized
changescannotbe made.
410.3.7 If certain conditionsof a protectivemeasurecannot be met. suppleurentary

provisionsshall be
appliedso that the protectiveprovisionstogctherachievethc sat.ne
degreeof safbty.
N O T E : A n e x a m p loef t h ca p p l i c a t i o nf t h i sr e g u l a t i oi sng i v e ni n R e g u l a t i o
4nl 1 . 7( F E L V ) .
410.3.8 applicd tcl the same installationor part of an installationor within

Difl-crcntprotectivr-nrL-asLrres
!'cluiprrentshall har"eno influenceon eachothcr sLlchthat failureof one protectivcrneasurr-
could inrpairthe clther
protectlvemcasul'cor measures.
410.3.9 The provisionfbr f'aultprotectionmay be omittedlor thc lbllorvingequipment:

( i ) M e t a l s u p p o r t so l ' o v e r h c a dl i n e i n s u l a t o r rsv h i c ha r e a t t a c h c ct ol t h e b u i l d i n ga n d a r c p l a c e do u t o 1 ' a r n r ' s
rcaeh
rii) Steelreinfbrcedconcrctcpolesof overheadlinesin rvhichthc stcelreinfbrcerrentis not accessiblc
(iii) Exposcd-conductive-partswhich. owing to tl.reirrcduceddimensions(approximater.naximut.t.r ol'50 rnm x
50 mm) or their disposition"cannotbe grippedor comc into significantcontactu'ith a part ol thc human
body and providcdthat conncctionu,ith a protcctiveconductorcould only bc madclvith difficulty or u'ouicl
bc unreliable
NOTE:Thiserenrption to bolts.rir,ets.
tbr examplc.
applies" nanreplates,
cablcclips.scrcwsarrdotherlirings.
( i v ) M e t a le n c l o s u r epsr o t e c t i n e
g r l u i p l r e nitn a c c o r d a n cwei t h S e c t i o n4 1 2
(v) Unearthedstreetfirrnituresuppliedfiotn an overheadline and inaccessible
in norrlal use.
4'11 P R O T E C T I V E M E A S U R E : A U T O M A T I C D I S C O N N E C T I O NO F S U P P L Y
4'11.1 General
of'supplyis a protectivelreasurein u'hich:

.\utouatic disconnection
(i) basicprotectionis prclvidedby basicinsulationof live partsor by barriersor errclosures.
in accorclancc
ri'ith
S c c t i o r4. r1 6 "a n d
(ii) f'aultprotectionis providedby protectivceafthing.protcctiveequipotentialbondingand automaticdisconucction
i n c a s eo f a f a u l t .i n a c c o r d a n cwei t h R e g u l a t i o n4s1 1 . 3t o 4 l 1 . 6
Wherethis protectivemeasureis applied,Classll equipnrentI.nayalsclbe used.
Wherespccificd.the requirernents fbr aclditionalprotectionshallbe providedby an RtiD havingthe charactcristics

specifiedin Rcgulation.1I 5. I . | .
NOTE: A rcsidualcufrentInonitor(R(lM) is not a protective
dcvicebr,rtit rray be usedto rnonitorresiclual
currentsin atr
electrical An t{ClMproduces
installation. andvisualsignalrvhcna prcselected
an audiblcor ar.rclible valueof resiclual
currcntis reached.
411.2 Requirements for basic protection
d e s c r i b e idn S e c t i o n4 1 6 ( b a s i c
\ l l c l c c t r i c ael c l u i p m e ns th a l lc o r n p l yu , i t ho n eo 1 ' t h ep r o v i s i o n fso r b a s i cp r o t e c t i o n
i n s u l a t i o nb:a r r i e r so r e n c l o s u r e so)r . r v h e r ea p p r o p r i a t eS,e c t i o n4 17 ( o b s t a c l e spl a c i n go u t o f r e a c h ) .
411.3 Requirements for fault protection
411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding
411.3.1.1 Protective earthing
Exposed-conductive-partsshall be connectedto a protectiveconductorunderthe specificconditior.rs

fbr eachtype
,1I 1.4to 4l 1.6.
of systemearthingas specifiedir.rRegr-rlations
Sirnultaneously
accessible
exposed-conductive-parts
shallbe connectedto the saurecafthingsystemindividually.in
groupsor collectivelv.
Conductorsfbr protectiveearthingshallcomply rvith Chapter-54.
A circLritprotectiveconductorshallbe run to and tcrminatedat eachpoint in wiring and at eachaccessory

exccpta
lampholderhavingno exposed-conductivc-par1s and suspended f}om sucha point.
411.3.1.2 Protectiveequipotential bonding
In each installationurain protectivebonding conductorscorrrplyingu,ith Chapter54 shall connectto the urain

earthir.rg tcrtrinal extrancous-conductive-parts includingthe fbllorving:
( i ) W a t e ri n s t a l l a t i opni p e s
( i i t C a s i n s t a l l a t i opni p e s
(iii) Otherinstallationpipeu,orkand ducting
(iv) Centralheatingand air conditioningsystems
(v) Exposedmetallicstructuralpartsof the bLrilding.
Connectionof a lightning protectionsystelnto the protectiveequipotentialbondingshall be made in accordance

with BS EN 62305.
Wherean installationservesmorethanone buildingthe aboverequirementshallbe appliedto eachbuilding.
To corrtplyrviththc requirenrents
o1-these it is alsonecessary
Regulations to applyequipotential bondingto any metallic
sheathof a telecornmunication cable.Hcrwever.
thc ct'rnscntof the owncr or oDeratorof the cableshallbe obtaincd.
411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault
411.3.2.1 E x c e p ta s p r o v i d e db y R e g u l a t i o n4s1 1 . 3 . 2 . 5a n d 4 l 1 . 3 . 2 . 6 ^a p r o t e c t i v ed e v i c es h a l la L r t o u r a t i c a l l y
interruptthe supplyto the line corrductorof a circuit or equipmentin the eventof a lault of negligiblcimpedance
betweenthe line cot.tductor and an exposed-conductive-part or a protectiveconductorin the circrrittrr ecluipnrent
w i t h i nt h ed i s c o n n e c t i toi nr n er e q u i r e bd y R e g u l a t i o4n11 . 3 . 2 . 2 , 4 1 1 . 3 . o2 r. :311 1 . 3 . 2 . 4 .
411.3.2.2 The rnaximuurdisconncction

tiurestatedirrTable4l . I shallbe appliedto finalcircuitsnotexcceding
32 A.
TABLE 41.1
Maximum disconnection times
5 0 V < U o < 1 2 0 V l 2 0 V < U o < 2 3 0 V2 3 0 V < U o < 4 0 0 V Uo>400V

System seconds seconds seconds seconds
a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.
TN 0.8 NOTE1 0.4 5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1
TT 0.3 N O T E1 0.2 0.4 0.07 0.2 0.04 0.1
Where, in a TT system,disconnectionis achievedby an overcurrentprotectivedevice and protective

equipotentialbondingis connected to all the extraneous-conductive-parts
within the installationin accordance
u'ithRegLrlation
411.3.1.2,
thc maximumdisconnection timesapplicable
to a TN systemmaybe used.
Uo is the nor.ninal
a.c.nxs or d.c. line voltageto Earth.
NOTE 1: Disconncctionis not requiredltrr protcctionagainstelectricshocl<but nra1,bc rcquircdfbr otherreasons.

suchas protectionagainstthermalefftcts.
NOTE 2: Wherecomplianccr'viththis rcgulationis providcdby an RCD. the disconnection times in accordatrcc
rvith Table z1l.l relateto prospectiveresidualtault currentssiunificantlyhigherthan the fatedresidual
operatingcurrento1'theItCD (typically2 L1n).
40
411.3.2.3 In a TN systern.a disconnection tiure not exceeding5 s is pernrittedfbr a distribLrtion
circuit and 1br
4 1| . 3 . 2 . 2 .
r c i r c r - rni to t c o v e r e db y R c g u l a l i o n
411.3.2.4 tirnenot cxceedingI s is permittedfbr a distributioncircuit anclltrr

In a TT systelr,a disconnection
4l |
r circuitnot coveredby Regulation .3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 For a syster.n with a nominalvoltageU0 greatcrthan 50 V a.c.or 120V d.c.,automaticdisconrrection

r n t h e t i r n er e q u i r e db y R e g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2 . 4 1 1 . 3 . 2o.r34 l 1 . 3 . 2 . ra1s, a p p r t r p r i a t ies. n o t r e q u i r e di f - .i n t h e e r c r t t
o1'alault to a protectiveconductoror Earth,the outputvoltageof thc sourccis rcducedin not more thanthat tinie to
-i0 V a.c.or 120 V d.c. or less.In sucha caseconsideration shallbe given 1odisconnection as recluiredfbr reasons
. ' t l r e tr h a r er l e c t r i sc l r o c k .
411.3.2.6 W h c r c a u t o m a t i cd i s c o n n e c t i oanc c o r d i n gt o R e g u l a t i o n 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 1c a n n o tb e a c h i e v e di n t h c t i r r e
d y R c g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2 , 411. 3 . 2 . 3o r 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . , a
r ! - q u i r eb b lo n d i n gs h a l l
1 s, a p p r o p r i a t es ,u p p l c m c n t a reyq u i p o t e n t i a
r u -p r o v i d e di n a c c o r d a n cwei t h R e g u l a t i o4n1 5 . 2 .
411.3.3 Additionalprotection
additionalprotectionby meansof an RCD in accordance

In a.c.systems, 4 I 5.I shallbe provicled
u'ith Regulation fbr:
(i) socket-outlets by ordinarypersonsand are intended
with a ratedcurrentnot exceeding20 A that arc fbr r-rse
fbr gerreraluse.and
(ii) mobileequipmentwith a currentratingnot exceeding32 A for useoutdoors.
\n exceptionto (i) is permittedfbr:

(a) socket-outlets for use underthe supervisionof skilled or instructedpersons.e.g. in some commercialor
industriallocations"
or
(b) a specificlabelledor otheruisesuitablyidentilledsocket-outletprovidedfbr connectionol'a particularitem ol'
eqLllplnent.
t hgca v o i d a n coe1 ' u n u ' a n t reidp p i n g .
N O T E1 : S e ea l s oI t e g u l a t i o3nlsz l l.( i v )a n d5 3 1 . 2 .c' 1o n c e r n i n
NOTE2: Thercquirements ol-ttegulation ,111.3.3do notapplyto FELVsvsterns according to l{cgulatiorr 4l 1.7or reduccd
low
voltagcsystems acctrlding to Regulatron 4l I .8.
411.4 TN system
411.4.1 In a TN system.the integrityof the earthingof the installationdependson the reliablcand el-fective
-'onnectionof the PEN or PE conductorsto Earth.Where the earthingis providedtiom a public or other suppli'
:\stem, complianceu'iththe necessaryconditionsexternalto the installationis the responsibilityof thc distributor.
411.4.2 The ner.rtralpoint or the uridpointof the porversupplysyslelnshall be earthed.If a ncutralpoint ttr
:lrdpoint is not availableor not accessible,a line conductorshallbe connected
to Ear1h.
Lach exposed-conductive-par1 ofthe installationshallbe connectcdby a protectivcconductorto the nraincarthing

:enrinal of the installation,which shallbe connectedto thc earthedpoint of thc powersupplysystenr.
NOTE: Thc PEandPENconductors

mayadditionally to [:arth.suchasat thcpointof entryintothebLrilding.
beconr.rcctcd
411.4.3 conductorlray scrveboth as a ploteclivcconductoranclas a neutral

ln a flxcd installation.a sir.rgle
,'i)nductor(PEN conductor)providedthat the requircments of Regulation543.4are satisflecl.
NOTE: In Clreat 8(4)of theElectricity

Britain.regulation Saf'ety. Corrtinuity
QLralitl'and 2002prohibits
Regulations theuscof
PENcor-rcluctors
in consumers'installations.
411.4.4 The fbllowing typesof protectivedevicemay be uscdfbr fault protcction:

(i) An overcurrentprotectivedevice
(ii) An RCD.
protcction
NOTE1: Whcrean RCDis usedfbr earthfar.rlt thecircuitshouldalsoincorporatc protectivc
an overcurrent dcl'icein
accordance
rvithChapter
43.
\n RCD shallnot be usedin a TN-C systenl.
\\ herean RCD is usedin a TN-C-S system.a PEN conductorshallnot be usedon the load side.The connectiotr
of
:hc protectiveconductorto the PEN conductorshallbe madeon the sourcesideof tlre RCD.
NOTE2: Wherediscrimination seeltequlation

RCDsis necessat'v.
betrveen 5i 1.2.9.
47
411.4.5 T h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i cos1 ' t h ep r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e s( s e eR e g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 4 . 4 )a n d t l . r ec i r c u i t i r u p c d a n c e s
s h a l l1 u l f i lt h e f b l l o w i n gr e q u i r e n t e n t :
ZsxlaSUtt
where:
7.s is the impcdancein ohnrs(Q) of the fault loop cornprising:
- the source
- the line conductorup to the point of the f-ault,arrd
- thc protectivcconductorbctwccnthe point ofthe fault and the source.
1,, is the currentin amperes(A) causingthe autouatic operationol the disconnecting devicc within the timc
2 r , a s a p p r o p r i a t cR, e g u l a t i o znl l l . 3 . 2 . 3 . W h c r ae n R C D i s
s p c c i f i e di n T a b l e . l l . l o l ' R c g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . o
used this current is the rated rcsidLralopcratingcurrentproviding disconnectionir.rthe tirne spccifieclin
T a b l e4 l . I o r R e g L r l a t i o4nl I . 3 . 2 . 3 .
Uo is the nourinala.c.rursor cl.c.line voltage1oEarlh in volts(V).
NOTE: Wherecompliance rviththisrcgulation
is providedby an RC'D.tlrcdiscouncctiou
tintesin aceordancc
*,ithTable:ll.l
relateto prospectivc residuallaultcurrentssignificantly
higherthantheratcdresidualopcrating
currerrt
ofthc I{Clt)
( t y p i c a l Il l I q , , t .
411.4.6 Where a luse is Llsedto satisfythe requirements of Regulation111.3.2.2, maxin.rumvalr-resof earth

fault loop impedance(2.) corresponding to a disconnectiontime of 0.4 s arc stateclin Tablc 41.2 fbr a nolxinal
voltage(Uo) of 230 V. For types and ratedcurrentsof generalpurposc(gG) fuscsother than thosc ntentionedin
Tablc 41.2. and for rnotor circr.ritluscs (gM). ref-erence
slrouldbe made to the appropriateBritish Stanclarcl to
determinethe valueof l" lbr contplianccwith Regulation,1I 1.4.5.
TABLE 41.2
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs)for fuses, for 0.4 s disconnection time with Uoof 230 V
( s e eR e g u l a t i o n4 l 1 . 4 . 6 )
(a) Generalpurpose (gG) fuses to BS 88-2.2and BS 88-6

Rating 6 l0 I6 20 2-s 32
(amperes)
Zs(ohms) 8.52 - 5 . I1 2.70 1.77 1.14 1.04
(b) Fuses to BS 1361
Rating 5 15 20 30
(amperes)
Zs(ohms) 10.45 3.28 1.70 I.l5
(c) Fuses to BS 3036 ( d ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 2

Rating 5 15 20 30 Rating I lj
(amperes) (amperes)
Zs(ohms) 9.58 2.55 1. 7 1 | .09 Z5(ohms) 16.4 2.42
NoTE:Thccircr:itloopimpec1anccsgiveninthetab|eshtulc1notbeexcccdedlr'hcnthe
If thecorrcluctors
areat a dill'erent
temperature
whentestcd.
thereading
shouldbc ad.iusted
accordingly.
See-
Appendix1..1.
i
411.4'7 W h c r e a c i r c u i t - b r e a k ei sr u s e dt o s a t i s l yt h c r e q u i r e n r e n t .sl l ' R e g u l a t i o1n1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2o r R e g u l a t i o n , ir
4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 3t .h e m a x i m u r nv a l u co f e a r t hf a u . l lto o p i r n p e d a n c(c2 5 )s h a l lb e d e t c r n t i n ebdy t h c l b r m u l ai n R e g u l a t i o n
4 1 1 . 4 . 5A. l t c r n a t i v e l yf,b r a n o r r i n a lv o l t a g e( U o )o f 2 3 0 V a n d a d i s c o n n e c t i otni n t eo f 0 . 4 s i n a c c o r d a n cw eith
Regulation 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 .o2r 5 s i n a c c o r d a n cwc i t h R e g u l a t i o4nl 1 . 3 . 2 . 3t .h e v a l u e ss p e c i l l e di n T a b l e4 1 . 3l b r t l r et y p e s (i
and ratingsof overcurrentdcviceslistedrnaybe usedinstcadof calculation. iil
r{llil
48
TABLE 41.3
Maximum earth fault loop impedance(Zs) for circuit-breakerswith Uoof 230 V,
for instantaneousoperationgiving compliancewith the 0.4 s disconnectiontime of
Regufation411.3.2.2and 5 s disconnectiontime of Regulation411.3.2.3
(a) Type B circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1

Rating 3 6 l0 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 ln
{amperes)
Z5(ohms) I .67 2.87 I .84 L 15 0.73 0.46 46rtn
15.33 4.60 2.30 1. 4 1 0.92 0.5'7 0.37
S (b) Type C circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1
n
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 rn
tamneres)
2 5( o h m s ) 3.83 1.44 0.92 ().57 0.36 0.23 23iln
2.30 1.15 0.12 0.46 0.29 0.18
(c) Type D circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 I.
(amperes)
25(ohms) 1.92 0.72 0.46 0.29 0.18 0 . 1I I L5itn
l.15 0.5-/ 0.36 0.23 0.14 0.09
NOTE: Thecircuitloopimpedances givenin thetableshouldnotbeexceeded
whentheconductors
areattheirnomaloperating
temperature
lfthe conductorsareat a dif}-erent
temperature whentested,thereadingshouldbeadjustedaccordingly.
SeeAppendixlz1.
411.4.8 Where a fuse is used for a distributioncircuit or a final circuit in accordancewith Regulation
.r. 1.3.2.3,maximum valuesof earth fault loop impedance(Zs) corresponding to a disconnectiontime of 5 s are
.:.rtedin Table 41.4for a nominalvoltage(Uo) of 230 V. For types and rated curents of generalpurpose(gG) fuses
:irer than those mentionedin Table 41.4, and for motor circuit fuses (gM), referenceshould be made to the
:-ipropriateBritish Standardto determinethe valueof Ia for compliancewith Reeulation4l I .4.5.
TABLE 41.4
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) for fuses, for 5 s disconnection time with Uo of 230 V
(seeRegulation411.4.8)
'a) Generalpurpose (gG) fuses to BS 88-2.2and BS 88-6
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50
r mperes)
1 - i( o h m s ) 13.5 7.42 4.18 2.91 2.30 1.8,1 1.35 1.04
Rating 63 80 100 125 160 200
(amperes)
Z s( o h m s ) 0.82 0.57 0.42 0.33 0.25 0 .1 9
b ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 1
Rating 5 I5 20 30 45 60 80 100
amperes)
Z.tohms) 16.4 5.00 2.80 1.84 0.96 0.10 0.50 0.36
c) Fuses to BS 3036
Rrting 5 15 20 30 45 60 100
: mperes)
1 - {. o h m s ) 17.7 5.35 3.83 2.64 1.59 1.t2 0.53
d ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 2
Rrting 3 13
: nrperes)
Z. tohms) 23.2 3.81
\OTE: Thecircuitloopimpedancesgiveninthetableshouldnotbeexceededwhentl-reconductorsareattheirnormal opemtingtempeftlture.
Ifthe conductorsare at a difTerenttemperaturewhen tested.the readingshouldbe adjustedaccordingly.SeeAppendix I 4.
49
411.4.9 Where arr RCD is usedto satisfythe requirements
of Regulation411.3.2.2.
the maximum valuesof
earth fhult loop irrpedancein Table 41.5 may be appliedfbr non-delayedRCDs to BS EN 61008-1and BS EN
61009-l for final circuits not exceeding32 A. In such cases,an overcrlrrentprotectivedevice shall provide
protectionagainstoverloadcurrentand lault currentin accordance
with Chapter43.
411.5 TT system
411.5.1 Evcry exposed-conductive-part whiclr is to be protectedby a single protectivedevice shall be

connccted" via the r.nainear-thing
tenninal.to a corrmonearthelectrode.However,if two or more protectivedevices
are in series.the exposed-conductive-parts may be connectedto separateeafih electrodescorresponding to each
protectivedel'ice.
411.5.2 One or moreof tlrefbllowing typesof protectivedeviceshallbe used,the formerbeingprel-erred:

(i) An RCD
( i i ) A n o v c r c u r r e nptr o t e c t i v e
device.
NOTE 1: An appropriate overcurrcnt protective
devicerray be usedfbr faultprotection
provideda suitablylow valueof Zs is
permanently andreliablyassured.
NOTE 2: Whcrcan I{CD is r-rscd ftrr eafthfaultprotectionthecircr-rit
shouldalsoincorporate protective
an overcrurent devicein
accordance r.r'ithChaptcr43.
411.5.3 lbr earthlault protection,the follou'ingconditionsshallbe fulfilled:

Wherean RCD is r-rscd
( i ) T h e d i s c o n n e c t i ot n
i m e s h a l lb e t h a tr e q u i r e db y R e g u l a t i o4nl | . 3. 2 . 2o r 4 I 1. 3 . 2 . 4a. n d
( i i ) R , , rx I l n < 5 0 V
u'ltere:
R,\ is the sum ofthe rcsistancesolthe earlhelectrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the exposed-
conductive-parts (in ohrns).
Irn is the ratedrcsidualoperatingcurrentof the RCD.
The rcquirementsof this regulationare met if the eafih lault loop impedanceof the final circuit protectedby the
R C D r n e e t st h e r e c l u i r e n r e notfsT a b l e4 1 . 5 .
NOTE 1: Whclcdiscrirrrirratron
bt'tscr-nRCDsis nccessaryref'er
alsoto Regr-rlation
531.2.9.
NOTE 2: Wl.rcrcRr is rrotknorvn,it maybc replacecl
by 25.
TABLE 41.5
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) to ensure RCD operation
i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h R e g u l a t i o n 4 ' 1 1 . 5 . 3f o r n o n - d e l a y e d R C D s
t o B S E N 6 1 0 0 8 - 1a n d B S E N 6 1 0 0 9 - 1f o r f i n a l c i r c u i t s n o t e x c e e d i n g 3 2 A
Rated N'laximumearth lault loop impedanceZs (ohms)

residualoperating currcnt
(mA)
5 0 \ ' < U o < 1 2 0 Vl 2 0 V < U o < 2 3 0 V2 3 0 V < U o S 4 0 0 V Uo>400V
30 *
1(t6'7 | 6(t7* I533* 1667*
100 500* 500+ 460x 500'r
300 t67 167 153 161
500 100 100 92 100
N O T E 1 : F i q u r e s f o r Z s r e s u l t f i o m t h e a p p l i cRaet g
i ounl a
o tf i o n , t 1 1 . 5 . 3 ( i ) a n d 4 l I . 5 . 3 ( i i ) .
Disconncction mustbeensured n'ithinthetimesstated in Table41.1.
NOTE2: 'r Thercsistance of theinstallation earthelectrode shouldbeaslow aspracticable. A value
cxcceding 200ohmsrraynotbc stablc. Referto Regr.rlation 542.2..2.
411.5.4 Wherean ovcl'currentprotective

deviceis usedthe following conditionshallbe fulfilled:
Z.xla<Uo
where:
Zs is the iurpcdancein ohms(O) of the earthf-aultloop comprising:
- the source
- thc line conductorLrpto the point of the tault
- the protectiveconductorfiom the exposed-conductive-parts
- the earthingconductor
50
- the eafthelectrodeof the installation.and
- the earthelectrodeofthe source.
I , is the curent in amperes(A) causingthe automaticoperationof the disconnecting devicewithin the time
s p e c i f i e d i n T a b l e 4 l . l o f R e g u l a t i o n 4 l l . 3 . 2 . 2 o r , a s a p p r o p r i a t e , R e g u l1a.t3i o. 2n.441.
is the nominala.c.nrs or d.c. line voltageto Earthin volts (V).
1 11 . 6 lT system
111.6.1 ln an TT system,live partsshallbe insulatedfrom Earthor connectedto Earththrougha sufficiently

- : inlpedance.This connectionmay be made either at the neutral point or n.ridpointof the systern.or at an
-.rcial neutral point. Tlre
latter n.raybe connecteddirectly to Earth if the resulting impedarrceto Eafih is
' :::ciently high at the systemfrequency.Where no neutralpoint or midpoint erists.
a line conductormay be
, rrr-Ctcd to Earththrougha high impedance.
''.:erthe aboveconditions,
the fault currentis low in the eventof a single-faultto an exposecl-conductive-part
or to
-,:':hand automaticdisconnectionin accordance with Regulation411.3.2is not requiredprovidedtlre appropriate
- r:Jition in Regulation411.6.2is fulfilled. Precautionsshall be taken to avoid the risk of harrnfuleffectson a
'-r>!rn in contact
with simultaneor-rslyaccessibleexposed-conductive-parts in the event of two faults existing
. : :.rltaneously.
. stronglyrecommended
that IT systemswith distributedneutralsshouldnot be employed.
111.6'2 Exposed-conductive-parts
shallbe earthedindividually,in groups.or collectively.
: lbllowing conditionshallbe fulfilled:

it I n a . c .s y s t e m s RR, I.'< l 50 V
r it I n d . c .s y s t e m s x <
R r \ I a 1 2 0V
'if
!':
il I is the sum ofthe resistancesofthe earlhelectrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the cxposed-

ll is the fault cunent in amperesof the first fault of negligibleimpedancebetweena line conductorand an
exposed-conductive-part. The valueofIa takesaccountofleakagecurrentsand the total cartlringirrpedance
of the electricalinstallation.
41 1'6'3 The fbllowing rronitoringdevicesand protectivedevicesmay be used:

r r) Insulationn.ronitoring
devices(lMDs)
, ii) Residualcurrentrnonitoringdevices(RCMs)
rr) Insulationlault locationsystems
i r\ ) Overcurrentprotectivedevices
(\ ) RCDs.
411.6'3.1 Wherean IT systen.r is usedfbrreasonsof continuityof supply,an insr-rlation rnonirorinccleiiceshall

-r'provided to indicatethe
occumenceof a first fault from a live part to an exposed-conductirc-part or to Earth.
. h i s d e v i c es h a l li n i t i a t ea n a u d i b l ea n d / o r v i s u asl i g n a w
l h i c h s h a l lc o n t i n u ea s l o r r ga s t h e f a L r lpt e r s i s t s .
: thereare both audibleand visr-ral
signalsit is permissiblelbrthe audiblesignalto be cancellecl.
411'6.3.2 Exceptwhere a protectivedevice is i,nstalled to interruptthe supplv in the cvent of the first earth
:rttlt. an RCM or an insulationlault locationsystemshallbe provideclto indicatcthe occurrenceof a first fault fiorr
,, live parl to an exposed-conductive-paft or to Earth.This device shall initiate an audibleand/or visual sisnal"
i hich shallcontinueas long as the lault persists.
It thereareboth audibleand visual signalsit is pennissibleforthe audiblesignalto be cancellcc.
411.6'4 After the occurrenceof a first flault,conditionsfor autor.natic

clisconnection
of supplyin the eventof
., secondf-aultoccurringon a differentlive conductorshallbe as fbllows:
( i) Wherethe exposed-conductive-pafis are interconnected
by a protectiveconductorarrclcollectivelyearthcdto the samc
earthingsystem.the conditionssimilarto a TN systemapply and the following conditionsshallbe fulfilled rvherethe
neutralconductoris not distributedin a.c. systemsand in d.c. systemswhere the midpoint conductoris not
distributed:
I I
z' <
zL^
51
or, where the neutralconductoror midpoint conductorrespectivelyis distributed:
ttr=+
where:
U is the nominala.c.or d.c. voltage,in volts,betweenline conductors.
Uo is the nominal a.c. rms or d.c. voltage,in volts, betweena line conductorand the neutralconductoror
midpointconductor.as appropriate.
Zs is the impedance in ohms of the fault loop comprising the line conductor and the protective
conductorof the circuit.
Zt, is the impedancein ohms of the fault loop comprising the neutral conductor and the protective
Ia is the currentin amperescausingautomaticoperationof the protectivedevicewithin the time specified
Regulation4l I .3.2.3,for a TN system.
in Table41.1 of Regulation411.3.2.2,or as appropriate,
The time statedin Table 4l.l fbr a TN system is applicableto an IT systemwith a distributedor non-distributed
neutralconductoror midpoint conductor.
(ii) Where the exposed-conductive-partsare eafihedin groupsor individually, the fbllowing condition applies:
Rn'lr<50V
where:
Re is the sum of the resistancesof the earth electrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the
exposed-conductive-par1s (in ohms)'
la is the current in amperescausing automaticoperationof the protectivedevicewithin the time
specifiedfor a TT system in Table 41.l of Regulation41 1 3 '2'2
411.7 Functional Extra'Low Voltage (FELV)
4 1 1 . 7. 1 General
Where.for functionalreasons,a nominalvoltagenot exceeding50 V a.c.or 120 V d.c. is usedbut all the requirements
the supplementary
of Section414 relatingto SELV or to PELV arenot fulfilled, andwhere SELV or PELV is not necessary,
provisionsdescribedin Regulations 411.1.2 and 41 L7.3 shallbe applied to basic
ensure protection
and fault protection'
This combinationof provisionsis known as FELV.

NOTE: Suchconditions may,for example, wherethecircuitcontainsequiprnent
be encountered (suchastransformers,relays,
switches.
remote-control whichis
contactors) insulated
insufficiently with to
respect at
circuits voltage.
higher
411.7.2 Requirements for basic protection
Basicprotectionshallbe providedby either:

to the norninalvoltageof the primary circuit
(i) basicinsulationaccordingto Regulation416.1 corresponding
ofthe source.or
(ii) barriersor enclosures with Regulation416.2,
in accordance
411.7.3 Requirements for fault protection
The exposed-conductive-pafts of the equipmentof the FELV circuit shall be connectedto the protectiveconductor
of the primary circuit of the source, provided ,that the primary circuit is subject to protection by automatic
disconnectionof supplyin accordance with Regulations 4l I .3 to 41 1'6.
411.7.4 Sources
The sourceof the FELV systemshall either be a transformerwith at least simple separationbetweenwindings or
shallcomply with Regulation414.3.
If an extra-low voltage system is supplied from a higher voltage systemby equipmentwhich does not provide at
least simple separationbetween that system and the extra-low voltage system, such as an autotransformer,a
potentiometeror a semiconductordevice, the output circuit is not part of a FELV systemand is deemedto be an
extensionofthe inputcircuitand shallbe protectedby the protectivemeasureappliedto the input circuit.
NOTE: Thisdoesnotpreclude connectinga conductorof theFELV circuitto theprotective of theprimarycircuit.
conductor
52
411.7.5 Plugs, socket-outlets, LSCs, DCLs and cable couplers
Every plug, socket-outlet,
luminairesupportingcoupler(LSC), devicefor connectinga luminaire(DCL) and cable
couplerin a FELV systemshall have a protectiveconductorcontactand shall not be dimensionallycompatiblewith
thoseusedfor any other systemin use in the samepremlses.
411.8 Reduced low voltage systems
411.8.1 General
411.8.1.1 Where, for functional reasons,the use of extra-low voltage is impracticableand there is no
requirementfor the use of SELV or PELV, a reducedlow voltagesystemmay be used,for which the provisions
describedin Regulations4l 1.8.2to 4l L8.5 shallbe madeto ensurebasicprotectionand fault protection.
411.8.'1.2 The nominal voltageof the reducedlow voltagecircuitsshall not exceedll0 V a.c. rms between
hnes(three-phase63.5 V to earlhedneutral,single-phase55 V to earthedmidpoint).
41'1.8.2 Requirements for basic protection

(i) basic insulationaccordingto Regulation416.1 correspondingto the maximum nominal voltage of the
reducedlow voltagesystemgiven in Regulation4l I .8.1.2. or
(ii) barriersor enclosures
in accordance
with Regulation416.2.
4'11.8.3 Requirements for fault protection
Fault protection by automatic disconnectionof supply shall be provided by means of an overcurrentprotective

device in each line conductoror by an RCD, and all exposed-conductive-parts of the reducedlow voltage system
shall be connectedto Earlh. The earth fault loop impedanceat every point of utilisation, including socket-outlets.
shallbe suchthat the disconnectiontime doesnot exceed5 s.
Where a circuit-breakeris used,the maximum value of earth fault loop impedance(Zs) shall be determinedby the
tbrnrulain Regulation411.4.5.Alternatively,the valuesspecifiedin Table41.6 may be usedinsteadof calculation
lbr the nominal voltages(Uo) and the types and ratingsof overcurrentdevice listed therein.
Where a fuse is used,the maximum valuesof earthfault loop impedance(Zs) correspondingto a disconnectiontime
of 5 s arestatedin Table41.6 lor nominalvoltages(Uo)of 55 V and 63.5 V.
For types and rated cunents of fuses other than those mentionedin Table 41.6, referenceshould be made to the
appropriateBritish Standardto determinethe value of Ia for compliancewith Regulation41 1.4.5,accordingto the
appropriatevalue of the norninalvoltage(Ue).
Where fault protectionis provided by an RCD, the product of the rated residualoperatingcuffent (hn) in amperes
andthe earlhfault loop impedancein ohmsshallnot exceed50.
53
T A B L E4 1 . 6
Maximumearthfault loop impedance(Zs)for 5 s disconnectiontime
and Uoof 55 V (single-phase) and 63.5V (three-phase)
- see u f a t i o n s 4 1 1 . 8 . 1 . 2a n d 4 1 1 . 8 . 3
Circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the

General purpose(gG)
overcurrcntcharacteristicsof RCBOs to BS EN 61009-l
fusesto BS 88-2.2 and
l'vnc
BS 88-6
B C t)
Uo 55 63.5 55 63.5 55 63.5 55 63.5

(\'olts)
Rating Z3 oh m s
amperes
6 1.83 2.t2 0.92 0.17 0.53 3.20 3.'70
l0 l.l0 1.21 0.55 0.2u 0.32 t.77 2.05
t6
20
IJ
32
0.69
0.s5
0.44
0.34
0.79
0.64
0.51
0.40
0.3'l
0.2{J
0.22
0.11
ilil
02010 . 0 9
0 .l 8
0.14
0 . 1I
0.20
0.16
0.13
0 .r 0
1.00
0.69
0.55
0.14
l.l5
0.80
0.63
0.51
40 0.28 0.32 0.14 0.07 0.08 0.32 0.37

50 0.22 0.25 0 . 1I 0.06 0.06 0.25 0.29
63
80
r00
125
In
0.17
0 .l 4
0 . 1I
0.09
l l
I"
0.20
0 .r 6
0 .l 3
0 .I 0
12.1
In
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.04
5.5
ln
iltl
6.4
In
0.0,1
0.04
0.03
0.02
2.8
In
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
-) -L
I"
0.20
0 .l , t
0.10
0.08
0.23
0.16
0.12
0.09
NOTE: The circr.ritloop impedances given in the tableslrouldnot be erceededwhcn the conducbrsareat tlreirnormaloperatingtemperalure.
lf thc conductors tempcrature
are at a dif'l'erent when tested,the readingshouldbe adjustedaccordingly.SeeAppendix 14.
411.8.4 Sources
411.8.4.1 The sourceol'supplyto a reducedlow voltagecircuitshallbe one of the fbllowing:

( i ) A d o u b l e - w o u nids o l a t i n gt r a n s f b r m ecro m p l y i n gw i t h B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - la n d B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 2 3
(ii) A nrotor--qeneratorhavingr'vindingsprovidingisolationequivalentto that providedby the windingsof an
isolatingtransfilrmer
(iii) of'othersupplies.e.g.an enginedrivengenerator.
A sourceindependcnt
41'1.8.4.2 The neutral(star)point of the secor.rdary transfbnnersand generators,

windingsof three-phase or the
midpointof the secondarywindingsof single-phase and generators,
transfbrmers to Ear1h.
shallbe connected
411.8.5 Requirements for circuits

Every plug. socket-outlet.
couplero1-a reducedlow voltagesystenlshall have a protectiveconductorcontactand shall not be dimensionally
in the sarrcpremises.
compatiblewith thoseuscdlbr any othersystemin r-rse
412 P R O T E C T I V EM E A S U R E : D O U B L E O R R E I N F O R C E DI N S U L A T I O N
412.1 General
412.1.1 Doubleor reinfbrcedinsulationis a protectivemeasurein which:

(i) basicprotectionis providedby basicinsulationandtault protectionis providedby supplementary
insulation,or
(ii) basicand f'aultprotcctionareprovidedby rcinlbrcedinsulationbetweenlive partsand accessible
parts.
NOTE: Thisprotcctivc
mcasure to prevent
is intcndcd theappcarancc
ol'adangerous
voltage pansofelectrical
on theaccessible
equipr-nent
through in
a fault thebasic insulation.
412.1.2 The protectivemeasureof double or reinfbrcedinsulationis applicablein all situations.unless
rritations aregiven in the corresponding
sectionof Part7.
412'1'3 Where this protectivemeasureis to be used as the sole protectivemeasure(i.e. where a whole
:lstallationor circuit is intendedto consistentirelyolequipmentwith doLrbleinsulatior.ror reinfbrcedinsulation),it
.:lall be verifiedthat the installationor circuitconcernedwill be undereff'ectivesupervisionin norrnaluseso that no
-:langeis made that would impair the eflectiveness of the protectivemeasure.This protectivemeasureshall not
::.erefbrebe appliedto any circuit that includesa socket-outlet. lunrinairesupportingcoupler(LSC). devicc fbr
- rltnectinga lurr.rinaire (DCL) or cable coupler, or where a user may change items o1 eqr-ripment without
.,.lthorization.
412.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection
412.2.'l Electrical equipment
'\ hc-rcthe protectiverleasureof doubleor reinforcedinsulationis usedfor the colrplete irrstallation

or parl of tlre
":tallation,electricalequipmentshallcomply with one of the following:
ti) Regulation
4 1 2 . 2 ..11. o r
r r i t R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 ..12 a n d4 1 2 . 2 . 2o. r
r j i i ) R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 . 1 . a
3 n d4 1 2 . 2 . 2 .
412.2.1.1 Electricalequipmentshallbe of the following types,type-testedand rrrarkedto the relevantstandards:

(i) E,lectrical
equipmenthavingdoubleor reinforcedinsulation(ClassII equipment)
(ii) Electricalequipmentdeclaredin the relevantproductstarrdard
as equivalentto ClassII. suchas assemblies
of electricalequipmenthavingtotal insulation(seeBS EN 60439-I ).
NOTE: Thisequipment
is identifietl
by thesyrnbol n.f.. to BS EN 60417:ClassII equipment.
[l
412.2.'1.2 Electricalequipmenthavingbasicinsulationonly shalllravesupplementary insulationappliedin the
:rrLrcess of erectingthe electricalinstallation,providing a degreeof safety equivalentto electricalequipment
. . ; c t r r d i ntgo R e g u l a t i o n4 1 2 . 2 . 1 .aI n dc o n r p l y i n g
w i t h R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 . 2 .t1o 4 1 2 . 2 . 2 . 3 .
X^x
N O T E : T h e s y n r h ko *l i s h o u l c l b e f i r e d i n a v i s i b l e p o s i t i o n o n t h e e x t e r i o r a n c l i n t e r i o r o f t h e e n c l o s u r e . R e f e r t o B s h . N 6 0 4 l T
Protective carth(ground).
1. 412.2.1.3 E,lectricalequipmenthaving uninsulatedlive parts shall have reinfbrcedinsulationappliedin the

:rrocessof erectingthe electricalinstallation,providing a degreeof saf'etyequivalcntto electricalequiprncnt
,rccordingto Regulation412.2.1.1and complyingwith Regulatior.rs 412.2.2.2and 412.2.2.3.such insr-rlation
being
'ecognisedonly where_constructionalfeaturespreventthe applicationof doubleinsulation.
rx
NOTE: T h e s y n r b ollX l s h o u l d b e f l x e d i n a v i s i b l e p o s i t i o n o n t h e e x t e r i o r a n d i r . r t e r i o r o f t h c c n c l o s u r e . R e f b r t o B s E N 6 0 4 l T :
Protectiveeafth (ground).
412.2.2 Enclosures
412.2.2.1 The electricalequipmentbeingreadyfor operation,all conductivepartsseparated from live parlsby

basicinsulationonly shallbe containedin an insulatingenclosureaffordingat leastthe degreeof protectionIPXXB
or IP2X.
412.2.2.2 The following requirements

apply as specified:
(i) The insulatingenclosr.rre
shallnot be traversedby conductivepaftslikely to transmita potential,and
(ii) the insulatingenclosureshallnot containany screwsor otherfixing meanswhich might needto be removed.
or are likely to be removedduring installationand rnaintenance
and whosereplacenrentby metallicscre\\,s
or otherfixing nreanscould impairthe enclosure'sinsulation.
\\iherethe insulatingenclosuremust be traversedby n.rechanical

joints or connections
(e.g.for operatinghandlesof
built-in equipment)"theseshouldbe arrangedin such a way that protectionagainstshock in caseof a fault is not
impaired.
412.2.2.3 WlTerea lid or door in an insulatingenclosurecan be openedwithout the use of a tool or key. all
conductiveparlswhich are accessibleif the lid or door is open shall be behindan insulatingbarrier(providinga
degreeof protectionnot lessthan IPXXB or IP2X) preventingpersonsfiom coming unintentionallyinto contact
ri,iththoseconductiveparts.This insulatingbarriershallbe rerrovableonly by the usc of a tool or key.
55
4'12.2.2.4 No conductivepart enclosedin the insulatingenclosureshallbe connectedto a protectiveconductor.
However,provisionmay be madefor connectingprotectiveconductorswhich necessarily run throughthe enclosure
in orderto serveotheritemsof electricalequipment whose supplycircuit also runs through the enclosure.Insidethe
enclosure,any such conductorsand their terminalsshall be insulatedas though they u'ere live parts. and their
terminalsshallbe markedas protective conductor(PE) terminals.
No exposed-conductive-part or intermediateparl shall be connectedto any protective conductor unless specific

fbr the equipmentconcerned.
provisionfor this is madein the specification
412.2.2.5 The enclosureshall not adverselyaffect the operationof the equipmentprotectedin this way.
412.2.3 Installation
412.2.3.1 The installationof equiprnentmentionedin Regulation412.2.1(fixing, connectionof conductors,

etc.) shall be effected in such a way as not to impair the protection afforded in compliancewith the equipment
specification.
412.2.3.2 Except where Regulation 412.1.3 applies. a circuit supplying one or more items of Class II
equipment shall have a circuit protective conductor run to and terminated at each point in wiring and at each
accessory.
NOTE: Thisrequirement of thepossible
to takeaccount
is intended replacement by ClassI equipment.
by theuserof ClassII equipment
412.2.4 Wiringsystems
412.2.4.1 with Chapter52 areconsideredto meetthe requirements
Wiring systemsinstalledin accordance of
Regulation412.2 if:
(i) the ratedvoltageof the cable(s)is not lessthan the nominalvoltageof the systemand at least300/500V,
and
protectionof the basicinsulationis providedby one or more of the following:
(ii) adequaternechanical
(a) The non-metallicsheathof the cable
(b) Non-rnetallic trunking or ducting complying with the BS EN 50085 seriesof standards,or non-
metallicconduitcomplyingwith the BS EN 6 I 3 86 seriesof standards.
NOTE 1: Clableproductstandards thatthe insulationof
do not specifyimpulsewithstandcapability.However.it is considered
thecablingsystemis at leastequivalent in BSEN 6 I 140for reinfbrced
to therequirement insulation.
NOTE2: A wiringsystern by thesymbol
shouldnotbe identifled o, by thesymbolH . ,*.t r.to BS6217.)
E
4'13 PROTECTIVE MEASURE: ELECTRICAL SEPARATION
413.1 General
413.'1.1 is a protectivemeasurein which:

Electricalseparation
(i) basicprotectionis providedby basicinsulationof live partsor by barriersor enclosures
in accordance
with
Section4l6.and
(ii) fault protectionis providedby simple separationof the separatedcircuit from other circuits and from Earth.
413.1.2 Exceptas permittedby Regulation4l3.l.3, this protectivemeasureshallbe limited to the supplyo1'

one itern of current-usingequipmentsuppliedfiom one unearthedsourcewith sirnpleseparation.
NOTE: Wherethisprotective measureis used,it is particularly
important with the
of thebasicinsulation
to ensurecompliance
oroduclslandar(..
413.1 .3 Where more than one item of current-usingequipmentis supplied from an unearlhedsourcewith
of Regulation418.3shallbe met.
the requirements
sirnpleseparation,
All electricalequipmentshallbe subjectto one of the basicprotectiveprovisionsin Section416 or to the protective

m e a s u r eisn S e c t i o n4 1 2 .
413.3.1 Protection
by electricalseparation 413.3.2to 413.3.6.
shallbe ensuredby compliancewith Regulations
413.3.2 The separatedcircuit shall be supplied through a source with at least simple separation,and the
circuit shallnot exceed500 V.
voltageofthe separated
56
413.3.3 circuit shallnot be connectedat any point to anothercircuit or to Earthor
Live parlsofthe separated
to a protectiveconductor.
To ensureelectrical separation,arrangementsshall be such that basic insulation is achievedbetween circuits in

compliancewith Regulation4l 6.1.
413.3.4 Flexiblecablesandcordsshallbe visiblethroughoutany pafi of their lengthliableto mechanicaldamage.
413.3.5 For separated wiring systemsis recommended.

circuitsthe use of separate lf separatedcircuitsand
othercircuitsare in the samewiring system,multi-conductorcableswithout metallic coveringor insulatedconductors
in insulatingconduit,non-metallicductingor non-metallictrunkingshallbe used,providedthat:
(i) the ratedvoltageis not lessthan the highestnominal voltage.and
(ii) eachcircuit is protectedagainstovercurrent.
413.3.6 No exposed-conductive-part
of the separated circuit shallbe connectedeitherto the protective
ofother circuits,or to Earth.
conductoror exposed-conductive-parts
NOTE: If theexposed-conductive-par1s
of theseparatedcircuitareliableto comeintocontact,eitherintentionally
or fortuitously,
withtheexposed-conductive-partsolothercircuits.protectionagainst shockno longerdepends
electric solelyonprotection
by electrical but alsoon theprotective
separation provisions to whichthelatterexposed-conductive-partsaresubject.
414 PROTEGTIVE MEASURE: EXTRA.LOW VOLTAGE PROVIDED BY SELV OR PELV
414.1 General
414.1.1 Protection by extra-low voltage is a protective measurewhich consistsof either of two different
ertra-low voltagesystems:
( i ) S E L V ,o r
(ii) PELV.
Protectionby extra-lowvoltageprovided by SELV or PELV requires:

(i) limitationof voltagein the SELV or PELV systemto the upperlimit of voltageBand I, 50 V a.c.or 120 V
d.c.(seeIEC 60449),and
(ii) protective separationof the SELV or PELV systemfiom al1 circuits other than SELV and PELV circuits,
andbasicinsulationbetweenthe SELV or PELV systemand otherSELV or PELV systems,and
(iii) for SELV systemsonly, basicinsulationbetweenthe SELV systemand Earth.
414.1.2 The useof SELV or PELV accordingto Section414 is considered as a protectivemeasurein all situations.
NOTE: In cerlainlocations of Part7 limit the valueof theextra-lowvoltageto a valuelowerthan50 V a.c.
the requirements
o r 1 2 0V d . c .
Basicprotectionand fault protectionis deemedto be provided where:

(i) the nominalvoltagecannotexceedthe upperlimit of voltageBand I, and
(ii) the supplyis from one of the sourceslistedin Regulation414.3,and
(iii) the conditionsof Regulation414.4are fulfilled.
NOTE 1: If the systemis suppliedfrom a highervoltagesysten.r by equipmentwhich providesat leastsimpleseparation
betweenthatsystemandtheextra-lowvoltagesystembut whichdoesnot meettherequirements fbr SELV andPELV
sources in Regulation414.3,therequirements for FELV maybe applicable. seeRegulation 4l I .7.
NOTE 2: d.c.voltagesfor ELV circuitsgenerated by a semiconductor conveftor(seeBS EN 60146-2)requirean internala.c.
voltagecircuitto supplytherectifierstack.This internala.c.voltageexceeds the d.c.voltage.The intemala.c.circuit
is notto be consideredasa highervoltagecircuitwithinthemeaning of thisregulation.Between intemalcircuitsand
extemalhighervoltagecircuits.protective separationis required.
NOTE 3: In d.c. systemswith batteries.the batterychargingand floatingvoltagesexceedthe batterynominalvoltage,
depending on thetypeof battery.This doesnot requireany protective
provisions in additionto thosespecifiedin this
regulation. The chargingvoltageshouldnot exceeda maximumvalueof75 V a.c.or 150V d.c.as appropriate
according to theenvironmentalsituationasgivenin TableI ofPD 6536(lEC61201).
57
414.3 Sources for SELV and PELV
The following sourcesnraybe usedfor SELV and PELV systems:

(i) A safetyisolatingtransfbrmerin accordance
with BS EN 61558-2-6
(ii) A sourceof curent providing a degreeof saf-etyequivalentto that of the saf'etyisolatingtransformer
specifiedin (i) (e.g.motor-generator
with windingsprovidingequivalentisolation)
(iii) An electrochemical
source(e.g.a battery)or anothersourceindependent
of a highervoltagecircuit (e.g.a
generator)
diesel-driven
(iu) Certain electronicdevicescomplying with appropriatestandards"wlrere provisionshave been taken to
ensurethat, even in the caseof an internalfault, the voltageat the outgoingterminalscannotexceedthe
valuesspecifiedin Regulation4lz1.l.l. Highervoltagesat the outgoingtern.rinals are,however,permittedif
it is ensuredthat, in caseof contactwith a live pafi or in the eventof a lault betweena live parl and an
exposed-conductive-parl, the voltageat the outputterr.rinalsis immediatelyreducedto the value specified
i n R e g u l a t i o n4 1 4 . 1. 1 o r l e s s .
NOTE 1: Examples ol'suchdevices includeinsulationtestingequipment andrnonitoring devices.
NOTE2: Wherehighervoltages existat theoutgoing terminals, compliancewith thisregulation
maybe assumedif
thevoltageat theoutgoing terminalsis withinthelirnitsspecified
in Regulation414.1.1
whenmeasured
witha
voltmeter havinganinternal resistance
o1'atleast3 000ohrns.
A mobile sourcesuppliedat low voltage,e.g. a saf-etyisolatingtransfbrmeror a motor-generator,

shall be selected
and erectedin accordance
with the requirementslbr protectionby the use of doubleor reinforcedinsulation(see
S e c t i o n4 1 2 ) .
414.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits
414.4.1 SELV and PE,LVcircuitsshallhave:

(i) basicinsulationbetweenlive parlsand otherSELV or PELV circuits"and
(ii) protectiveseparationfiom live partsof circuitsnot being SELV or PELV providedby doubleor rcinforced
insulationor by basicinsulationand protectivescreeningfor the highestvoltagepresent.
SELV circuitsshallhavebasicinsulationbetweenlive partsand Earth.
The PELV circuitsand/orexposed-conductivc-parts of equipmer.rt

suppliedby the PELV circuitsmay be earthed.
NOTE 1: In particular,
protectiveseparationis nccessarybetweenthe live partso1-electricalequipment suchas relays,
contactors
andauxiliaryswitches,andanypartofa highervoltagecircuitor a FELVcircuit.
NOTE2: Theearthing of PELVcircuitsr.naybe achieved
by a connection
to E,arth protective
or to an earlhed conductorwithin
thesourceitsell-.
414.4.2 Protectiveseparationof wiring systemsof SELV or PE,LV circuits from the live parls of other
circuits.which haveat leastbasicinsulation,shallbe achievedby one of the following arrangements:
(i) SELV and PELV circuit conductorsenclosedin a non-metallicsheathor insulatingenclosurein additionto
basicinsulation
(ii) SELV and PELV circuil conductorsseparated from conductorsofcircuits at voltageshigherthan Band I by
an earthedmetallicsheathor earthedmetallicscreen
(iii) Circuit conductorsat voltageshigher than Band I may be containedin a multi-conductorcable or other
groupingofconductorsifthe SELV and PELV conductorsare insulatedfbrthe highestvoltagepresent
(iv) The wiring syslemsof othercircuitsare in ,compliance
with Regulation412.2.1.1
( v ) P h y s i c asle p a r a t i o n .
4'14.4.3 Every socket-outlet

and luminairesupportingcouplerin a SELV or PELV systemshall requirethe
use of a plug which is not dimensionallycompatiblewith those used fbr any other systemin use in the same
premises.
Plugsand socket-outlets
in a SELV systelrshallnot havea protectivecondr-rctor
contact.
414.4.4 Expose,l-conductive-parts
of a SELV circuit shall not be conncctedto Earth, or to protective
conductorsor exposed-conductive-parts
of anothercircuit.
NOTE: 11'theexposed-conductive-parts
of SELVcircuitsareliableto comeintocontact. eitherfortuitously
or intentionally,
with thecxposed-conductive-parts therequirements
of othercircuits" of theprotective
measure SE.LVhavenot been
metandprotectionagainstelectricshockno longerdepends solcll,orrprotection
by SELV.butalsoon theprotective
provisions
to whichthelattefexposed-conductive-parts
aresubjcct.
58
414.4.5 If the non-rinalvoltage exceeds25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c., or if the equipmentis immersed,basic
protectionshallbe providedfor SELV and PELV circuitsby:
(i) insr-rlation with Regulation416.I or
in accordance
(ii) baniersor enclosures with Regulation416.2.
in accordance
Basicprotectionis generallyunnecessary
in normaldry conditionsfbr:
(iii) SELV circuitswherethe nominalvoltagedoesnot exceed25 V a.c.or 60 V d.c.
(iv) PELV circuitswhere the norninalvoltagedoesnot exceed25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c. and exposed-conductive-
partsand/orthe live partsare connectedby a protectiveconductorto the main earthingten.ninal.
o
In all other cases,basic protectionis not requiredif the nominal voltageof the SELV or PELV systemdoesnot
f e r c e e d1 2 Y a . c .o r 3 0 V d . c .
n
d
415 ADDITIONAL PROTECTION
NOTE: Additionalprotection in accordance with Scction415 may be specificdwith the protective In particular,
measure.
additional protection
rray be required with theprotectiverleasureundercertainconditions influence
o1'external and
(seetl-recorresponding
in certainspeciallocations sectionof Part7).
415.1 Additional protection: Residual current devices (RCDs)
415.1.'l The useof RCDs with a ratedresidualoperatingcurrent(l1n) not exceeding30 mA and an operating
time not exceeding40 rns at a residualcurrentof 5 Ian is recognisedin a.c. systemsas additionalprotectionin the
erent offailure ofthe provisionfbr basicprotectionand/orthe provisionfor taultprotectionor carelessness
by users.
415.1.2 The use of RCDs is not recoglrisedas a sole meansof protectionand doesnot obviatethe needto
rpply one of the protectivemeasuresspecifiedin Sections411 to 414.
415.2 Additionalprotection:Supplementaryequipotentialbonding
NOTE1 Supplementary asanaddition
bondingis considered
equipotential to faultprotection.
NOTE2 Theuseo1'supplenrentarybondingdoesnotexclude theneedto disconnect thesupplyfor otherreasons,
fbr example
protection fire,thermalstresscs
against etc.
in equrpment.
NOTE 3 Supplementary a parlof theinstallation,
bondingmayinvolvctheentireinstallation. or a location.
anitemof equipment,
NOTE4 Additionalrequirementsmaybenecessaryforspeciallocations(seethecorrespondingsectionofPartT),orforothe
415.2.1 Supplernentaryequipotential bonding shall include all simultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-

conductive-parts of fixed equipmentand extralleous-conductive-parts including, where practicable,the main
rretallicreinforcementof constructionalreinfbrcedconcrete.The equipotentialbondingsystemshallbe connected
tr)the protectiveconductorsof all equipmentincludingthoseof socket-outlets.
415.2.2 of supplementary
Where doubt existsregardingthe effectiveness equipotentialbonding"it shall be
confirmed that the resistanceR between sirrultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-conductive-parts
and extraneous-
conductive-partsfulfils the following condition:
R < 50 V Iil i n a . c .s ) s t e n r s
R < 1 2 0V / l a i n d . c .s y s t e m s
where In is the operatirlgolrrent in amperesof the protectivedevice-
for RCDs,lan.
for overcument devices.the currentcausinsautotnaticoperationin 5 s.
416 P R O V I S I O N SF O R B A S I C P R O T E C T I O N
NOTE: Provisiorrs provideprotcction
for basicprotection undernornral
conditions
andareapplied
rvhere asa parlo1'
specified
thechosenorotectivemeasure.
416.1 Basic insulationof live parts

Liv'epartsshallbe cornpletelycoveredwith insulationwhich canonly be removedby destruction.
For equiprnent,
the insulationshallcornplywith the relevantstandardlbr suchelectricalequipment.
NOTE: Theinsulation to prevent
is intended with liveparts.
contacl
Paint,varnish,lacqueror sir.nilarproductsare generallynot consideredto provide adequateinsulationtbr basic

orotectionin normalserylce.
59
416.2 Barriers or enclosures
NOTE: Barriersor enclosures to preventcontactwith live parts.
areintended
416.2,1 Live parts shall be inside enclosuresor behind barriers providing at least the degreeof protection
IPXXB or lP2X except that, where larger openings occur during the replacementof parts. such as certain
lampholders or fuses, or where larger openings are necessaryto allow the proper functioning of equipment
accordingto the relevantrequirements for the equipment:
(i) suitableprecautionsshall be taken to preventpersonsor livestockfrom unintentionally
touchinglive parts,and
(ii) it shall be ensured,as far as practicable,that personswill be awarethat live partscan be touchedthrough the
openingand shouldnot be touchedintentionally,and
(iii) the opening shall be as small as is consistent with the requirement for proper functioning and for
replacementof a par1.
416.2.2 A horizontal top surfaceof a barrier or enclosurewhich is readily accessibleshall provide a degree
of protectionof at leastIPXXD or IP4X.
416.2.3 A barrier or enclosureshall be firmly securedin place and have sulficient stability and durability to
maintain the required degreeof protection and appropriateseparationfrom live parts in the known conditions of
normalservice,takingaccountofrelevantexternalinfluences.
416.2.4 Where it is necessaryto removea barrieror open an enclosureor removepartsof enclosures,

this
shallbe possibleonly:
(i) by the useofa key or tool. or
(ii) after disconnectionof the supply to live parts againstwhich the barriers or enclosuresafford protection,
restorationof the supply being possibleonly after replacementor reclosureof the barrieror enclosure,or
(iii) where an intermediatebarrier providing a degreeof protectionof at least I PXXB or IP2X preventscontact
with live parts,by the use of a key or tool to removethe intermediatebarrier.
NOTE: Thisregulation doesnotapplyto:
a c e i l i n gr o s ec o m p l y i n gw i t h B S 6 7
a c o r do p e r a t e sdw i t c hc o m p l y i n gw i t h B S 3 6 7 6
a b a y o n el ta m p h o l d ec ro m p l y i n w g i t h B S E N 6 11 8 4
a n E d i s o ns c r e wl a m p h o l d ec ro m p l y i n wg ithBSEN 60238.
416.2.5 Il behinda barrieror in an enclosure,an item of equipmentsuchas a capacitoris installedwhich may

retain a dangerouselectricalchargeafter it has beenswitchedofl', a warning label shall be provided.Small capacitors
such as thoseusedfor arc extinction and for delayingthe responseofrelays, etc shall not be considereddangerous.
NOTE: Unintentional contactis not considered
dangerousif thevoltageresultingfiom staticchargelalls below 120V d.c.in
lessthan5 s afierdisconnectionfromthepowersupply.
417 OBSTACLES AND PLACING OUT OF REACH
4'17.1 Application
The protective measuresof obstaclesand placing out of reach provide basic protection only. They are for
applicationin installations,with or without fault protection.that are controlledor supervisedby skilledpersons.
The conditionsof supervisionunder which the basic protectiveprovisionsof Section 417 may be appliedas part of
the protectivemeasurearegiven in Regulation410.3.5.
417.2 Obstacles
NOTE: Obstaclesare intendedto preventunintentional
contactwith live parts but not intentionalcontactby deliberate
circumventionof theobstacle.
417.2.1 Obstaclesshallprevent:
(i) unintentional
bodily approachto live parts,and
(ii) unintentionalcontactwith live partsduring the operationof live equipmentin normal servtce.
417.2.2 An obstaclemay be removedwithout the use of a key or tool but shall be securedso as to prevent
unintentional
removal.
60
417.3 Placingout of reach
onlyto preventunintentional
by placingout of reachis intended
NOTE: Protection contactwith live parts.
n A bare or insulatedoverheadline for distributionbetweenbuildings and structuresshall be installedto the standard

n requiredby the ElectricitySafety,Qualityand ContinuityRegulations 2002.
Lt
417.3.1 Simultaneously pafisat differentpotentialsshallnot be within arm'sreach.
accessible
.\ bare live part other than an overheadline shall not be within arm's reachor within 2.5 m of the following:
(i) An exposed-conductive-part
(ii) An extraneous-conductive-par-t
(iii) A barelive part of any othercircuit.
NOTE: Twopafisaredeemed if theyarenotmorethan2.50m apart(seeFigure417).
accessible
to be simultaneously
417.3.2 If a normallyoccupiedpositionis restrictedin the horizontaldirectionby an obstacle(e.g.handrail,

mesh screen)affording a degreeof protectionlessthan IPXXB or IP2X, arm'sreachshall extendfrom that obstacle.
ln the overheaddirection, arm's reach is 2.50 m from the surface, S. not taking into account any intermediate
obstacleprovidinga degreeof protectionlessthan IPXXB.
(e.g.toolsor ladder).
NOTE: Thevaluesof arm'sreachapplyto contactdirectlywith barehandswithoutassistance
417.3.3 In placeswhere bulky or long conductiveobjectsare normally handled,the distancesrequiredby

takingaccountof the relevantdimensionsof thoseobjects.
Regulations411.3.1 and 411.3.2shallbe increased,
Fig 417 - Arm's reach
0.75m
[>l-
S = surface expected to be occupied by persons
1 . 2 5m
limitof arm'sreach
The valuesrefer to barehands

without any assistance, e.g.
from tools or a ladder.
61
418 MEASURESFORAPPLICATIONONLYWHERETHE INSTALLATION
PROTECTIVE IS
CONTROLLEDOR UNDERTHE SUPERVISION
OF SKILLEDOR INSTRUCTED
PERSONS
NOTE: The conditionsof supervisionunderrvhichthe f-aultprotectivcprovisionsof Section418 may be appliedas part of the
protectivemeasLlrearc given in Regulation410.3.6.
Thismethodof protection for general
is notrecognised application.
NOTE: Thisprotectiverreasure
is intendcdto preventsimultaneous
contactwith partsn'hichmaybe at dil'l-erent
potcntials
o1'liveparts.
throughfailurcofthebasicinsulation
418.1.1 All electricalequipmentshall courply with one ol the provisionsfbr basic protectiondescribedin
S e c t i o n4 l 6 .
418.1.2 personswill not

shall bc arrangedso that under ordinarycircurxstances
Exposed-conductive-parts
comeinto sirrultaneous
contactwith:
(i) two exposed-conductive-parts,
or
(ii) an exposed-conductive-part
and any extraneous-conductive-part
if thesepartsare liableto be at differentpotentialsthroughfailureof the basicinsulationof a live par1.
418.1.3 locationthereshallbe no protectiveconductor.

In a non-conducting
418.1.4 Regulation418.1.2 is fulfilled if'the locationhasan insulatinglloor and walls and one or moreof tlre
following arrangements
applies:
(i) Relativespacingof exposed-conductive-par1s
and of ertraneous-conductive-pafts
as well as spacingof
if the distancebetweentwo parts is not less than 2.5 m; tlris distancenTaybe
This spacingis sr-Lfficient
reducedto 1.25m outsidethe zoneof arm'sreach.
(ii) Interpositionofeffectiveobstacles
betweenexposed-conductive-par1s
and extraneous-conductive-pafis
Suchobstaclesare sufficientlyelfectiveiltlrey extendthe distancesto be surmounted
to tlre valuesstatedin
point (i) above.They shallnot be connectedto Earthor to exposed-conductive-parts;
as lar as possiblethey
shallbe of insulatinguraterial.
(iii) Insulationor insulatingarrangelrlents
ofextraneous-conductive-parts.
The insulationshall be of sufflcientmeclranicalstrengthand be able to withstanda test voltageof at least
2 000 V. Leakagecurrentshallnot exceedI mA in nonnal conditionsof use.
418.'1.5 The resistanceof insulatingfloors and walls at every point of lreasurementunder the conditions
specifiedin Part6 shallbe not lessthan:
(i) 50 kf), wherethe nominalvoltageof the installationdoesnot exceed500 V, or
(ii) 100kO. wherethe nominalvoltageof the installationexceeds500 V.
NOTE: If at any pointthc resistance
is lessthanthe spccifiecl
value,the floorsanclwallsare deemed
to be extraneous-
conductive-par1sfor thepulposes against
ofprotection electric
shock.
418.1.6 The anangements madeshallbe penxanentand it shallnot be possibleto makethem ineffective.The

arrangements
shallalsoensureprotectionwherethe useof mobileequipr.nentis envisaged.
NOTE: 1 Attention is drawnto theriskthat,lvhereelectrical installations arenotundercff-cctive supcrvision,
furtherconductive
paftsnraybe introduced at a laterdate(e.g.mobilc CilassI equipmcnt, or cxftrncous-conductive-par1s
suchas
c a t epr i p e s )w. h i c hm a yi n v a l i d act co u r p l i a nw
m e t a l l iw c ei t hR e g u l a t i o4 n1 8 . 1 . 6 .
NOTE:2 It is essential
to ensure ot'lloorandwallscannotbeaffectecl
thatthcinsulation by humidity.
418.'1.7 Precautionsshall be taken to ensurethat extraneous-conductive-parts

cannot causea potentialto
appearexternalto the locationconcenred.
oz
418.2 Protection by earth-freelocal equipotentialbonding
This methodof protectionshallbe usedonly in specialcircumstances.
NOTE: Earth-free
localequipotential to preventtheappearance
bondingis intended ofa dangerous
touchvoltage.
418.2.1 All electricalequipmentshall comply with one of the provisionsfbr basicprotectiondescribedin

S e c t i o4
n1 6 .
418.2.2 Protective bonding conductors shall interconnectevery simultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-

conductive-part
and extraneous-conductive-part.
418.2.3 The local protectivebondingconductorsslrallneitherbe in electricalcontactwith Earthdirectly,nor

throughexposed-conductive-par1s,
nor throughextraneous-conductive-parts.
NOTE: Wherethisrequirement befirlfilled.protection
cannot by ar.rtomatic
disconnection (seeSection
of supplyis applicable 41I )
418.2.4 Precautionsshall be taken to ensurethat personsentering the equipotentiallocation cannot be

r'\posed to a dangerouspotential difference. in particr,rlar.where a conductive floor insulated frorn Earlh I S
,-onnectedto the earth-freeDrotectivebondine conductors.
418.2.5 Wherethis measureis applied,a warningnoticecomplyingwith Regulation514.13.2shall be fixed

n a prominentpositionadjacentto everypoint olaccessto the locationconcerned.
418.3 Electricalseparationfor the supply to more than one item of current-usingequipment

\\'here the measureis used to supply two or more items of equipr.nentfrom a single source,a warning notice
.ornplyingwith Regulation514.13.2shall be fixed in a prominentpositionadjacentto every point of accessto tlre
.r)cationconcemed.
NOTE: Electrical
separation circuitis intended
of an inclividual to preventshockcurrents throughcontactwith exposed-
conductive-parts
thatmaybeenergized in thebasicinsulation
by a faLrlt ofthecircuit.
418.3.1 All electricalequipmentshall comply with one of the provisionsfbr basic protectiondescribedin
\ r ' c 1 i o n4 1 6 .
418.3.2 Protectionby electricalseparationfbr the supply to more than one item of equipmentshall be ensured
rr compliancewith all the requirements tll'Section413 exceptRegulation413.1.2. and with the requiren.rents
in
L e c u l a t i o n4sl 8 . 3 . 3t o 4 l 8 . 3 . 8 .
418.3.3 shallbe takento protectthe separated

Precautions circuitlrom damageand insulationfailure.
418.3.4 The exposed-conductive-partsolthe separated circuit shallbe connectedtogetherby insr-rlated.

non-
:.rrthedprotectivebonding conductors.Such conductorsshall not be connectedto the protectiveconductoror
-'rposed-conductive-parts
ofany othercircuitor to any extraneous-conductive-parts.
N O T E : S e eN o t et o R e g r . r l a t4i o1n3 . 3 . 6 .
418.3.5 shall be providedwith a protectiveconductorcontactu'hich shall be connected

Every socket-outlet
:. the equipotential
bondingsystemprovidedin accordance with Regulation418.3.4.
418.3.6 Except where supplyirrgequipmentwith double or reinforcedinsulation.all f'lexiblecablesshall

:rnbodya protectiveconductorfbr useas a protectivebondingconductorin accordancc
u'ith Re-ur-rlation
418.3.4.
418.3.7 occur and theseare fed

It shall be ensuredthat il two f-aultsaff-ectinstwo exDosed-conductive-Darts
'r conductorsof different polarity. a protectivedevice shall disconnectthe supply in a disconnectiontime
, rrnfbrmingwith Table4l . l .
418.3.8 It is recommendedthat the product of the nominal voltage of the circuit in volts and length, in
'retres.of the wiring systemshouldnot exceed100 000 Vm. and thal the lengthof the wiring systemshouldnot
:rceed 500 m.
63
PART 2
DEFINITIONS
F o r t h e p L l r p o s e so l - t h e R e g u l a t i o n s .t h e f o l l o w i r r g d e f i n i t i o n s s h a l l a p p l y . A s f a r a s p r a c t i c a b l et h e d e f l n i t i o n s a l i g n
'Glossary
witlr the InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary ancl BS 1721 - of electrotechnical.power. teleconlnunicatit-ttt.
e l e c t r o n i c s .l i g h t i n g a n d c o l o u r t c r r n s ' .
Accessor-vA . d e v i c c . o t h c r t h a n c u r r e n t - r r s i n ge q L r i p r n e n ta. s s o c i a t e dw i t h s r - r c he c p r i p r n e not r w i t h t h e w i r i n g o f a n

installation.
A g r i c u l t u r a l a n d h o r t i c u l t u r a l p r e m i s e s . R o o m s . l c l c a t i o l t so r i i f e A si l ' h e r e :
l i v e s t o c ka r e k e p t . o r
f-eed.f-ertilizers.vegelable and aninral products are prodr.rced.stclrecl" prepared or processed,or
p l a n t s a r e g r o w n . s l r c ha s g r e e n h o u s e s .
A m b i e n t t e m p e r a t u r e . T h e t e r n p e r a t u r eo f t h e a i r o r o t h e r n r e d i u m w h e r e t h e e q L r i p r n e ni ts t o b e u s e d .
A m u s e m e n t d e v i c e . R i d e . s t a n d . t e r t i l e o r r l e n r b r a n c b L r i l d i n g .s i d e s t a l l . s i d e s l i o w . t e n t . b o o t h o r - u r a n d s t a n d
i n t e n d e df i r r t h e e n t e r t a i n n r e not f t h e p u b l i c .
A p p l i a n c e . A n i t e r n o f c u r r e n t - L r s i n cgq L r i p m e n ot t h e r " t h a na l r - r t n i n a i ro" er a n i n d e p e n d e n tI l o t o r .
A r m ' s r e a c h . A z o n e o f a c c e s s i b i l i t yt o t o u c h . e x t e n d i n g f i o m a n y p o i n t c l n a s L r r l a c cw h e r e p e r s o n su s u a l l y s t a n c l
o r n r o v e a b o r " rt to t h e l i r n i t si v h i c h a p e r s o nc a n r e a c hw i t h a h a n d i n a n y d i r e c t i o nr v i t h o u ta s s i s t a n c e( .S e e F i g u r e4 1 7 )
A r r a n g e m e n t s f o r l i v e s t o c k k e e p i n g . B u i l d i n g s a n d r o o r n s ( h o L r s i n -fub r a n i m a l s ) . c a g e s .r L r n so r o t h e r c o r t t a i n e r s
L r s e df b r c o n t i n u o u sa c c o m m o d a t i o no f l i v c ' s t o c k .
B a c k - u p p r o t e c t i o n . P r o t e c t i c t nu ' h i c h i s i n t e n d e c lt o o p e r a t c w h e n a s y s t e n r f a u l t i s n o t c l e a r e d . o r a b n o r t n a l
c o n d i t i o r rr r o t d e t e c t e d .i n t h e r e q r . r i r e tdi n r e b e c a u s eo f f i r i l L r r co r i n a b i l i t y o l ' o t h e r p r o t e c t i o t tt o o p e r a t eo r
f - a i l L r roef t h e a p p r o p r i a t ec i r c L r i t - b r e a k c r ( st o) t r i p .
Barrier. A parl providing a deflned degreeof protectionagainstcontactrvith live pafis tionr any usLraldirection of access.
B a s i c i n s u l a t i o n . I n s L r l a t i o na p p l i e d t o l i v e p a r t s t o p r o v i d e b a s i c p r o t e c t i o na n d r v h i c h c l o e sn o t n e c e s s a r i l yi n c l u d e
i n s L r l a t i o nu s c d c x c l r - r s i v c l yf b r f u n c t i o n a l p L r r p o s e s .
B a s i c p r o t e c t i o n . P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k u n d e r t a u l t - f i e e c o n d i t i o n s .
NoTE:Fclrlow'r,oltageirlstal|aticlns.systet-t-tsancleqLripIrreIlt.basicprotectic.ltl
c l i r c cct o n t a c tt.h a ti s ' " c o n t a cot f p c r s o n so r l i v c s t o c ku i t h l i l ' e p a r t s " .
B a s i n o f f b u n t a i n . A b a s i n n o t i n t e n d e d t o b e o c c u p i e d b y p e r s o n s a n d w h i c h c a n n o t b e a c c e s s e d( r e a c h e d b y
s h i c h n r a y b e o c c L r p i e db y p e r s o n s .t h e
p e r s o n s )w i t h o L r tt h e u s e o f l a d d e r so r s i n r i l a r m e a n s .F o r b a s i n so f f b r - r n t a i nw
r e c l u i r e m e n t fsb r s w i r n n r i n - up o o I s a p p I y .
B o n d i n g c o n d u c t o r . A p r o t e c t i v ec o n d L l c t o rp r o l ' i d i n g c q u i p o t e r r t i abl o n d i n g .
gcnerally for pleasr"rr"e

eqr-ripnrent
Booth. Non-stationaryunit. intendcd to accor.r-rrnodate or dcmonstrationpLrrposes.
B u i l d i n g v o i d , a c c e s s i b l e .A s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s t r u c t r - r roer t h e c o r n p o n e n t so f a b u i l d i n g a c c e s s i b l co n l y a t c e r t a i n
p o i n t s . S L r c hv o i c l s i n c l L r d et h e s p a c e i ' , i t l r i n p a r : t i t i o n s .s r , r s p e n d e fdl o o r s . c e i l i n g s a n d c e r t a i n t y p e s o f w i n d o w
fiittre. cJoorfl-arneand architrave.
B u i l d i n g v o i d , n o n - a c c e s s i b l e .A s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s t r u c t r - r roer t l r e c o m p o n e n t so f a b u i l d i n g w h i c h h a s n o r e a d y
r n e a n so f a c c c s s .
B u n c h e d . C a b l e s a r e s a i d t o b e b u r n c h e dw h e n t w o o r r n o r e a r e c o n t a i n e dw i t h i n a s i n g l e c o n d u i t . d u c t . d u c t i n g . o r
t r u r r k i n go r . i f n o t e n c l o s e d .a r e n o t s e p a r a t e cf li o n r c a c h o t h e r b y a s p e c i l l c d d i s t a n c e .
B u s b a r t r u n k i n g s - v s t e m .A t y p e - t e s t e da s s e m b l y .i n t h e f o r m o f a n e n c l o s e dc o n d u c t o r s y s t e n rc o t r p r i s i n g s o l i d
c o n d u c t o r - s e p a r a t e db y i n s L r l a t i n -run a t e r i a l .T h e a s s e m b l ym a y c o n s i s to l - r - r r r i tssu c h a s :
b u s b a rt r L r n k i n gi r n i t s .w ' i t h o r w i t h o u t t a p - o l ' l ' f a c i l i t i e s
t a p - o f f u r r i t sw h e r e a p p l i c a b l e
p h a s c - t r a n s p o s i t i o rer r. p a n s i o n . b u r r l d i n g - n r o v c r r e n t l.e x i b l e . e n d - f ' e c d ear n d a d a p t o ru n i t s .
NOTE: nray inclLrcle
Othcr systenrconrponents tap-of)-units.
20
Cable bracket. A horizontal cable support system, consisting of elements fixed at one end only. spaced at intervals
along the lengthof the cableand on which the cablerests.
C a b l e c h a n n e l . A n e n c l o s l t r es i t u a t e da b o v c o r i n t h e g r o u n d , v e n t i l a t e c o
l r c l o s e d . a n d l i a v i n g d i r n e n s i o n sw h i c h
do rtot perllit the accessof persons br-rtallow accessto the corrduitsand/or cables throughout their length dr,rrin-u and
a l t e r i n s t a l l a t i o n .A c a b l e c h a n n e l r r a y o r r n a y n o t f b r r r p a r t o f t l i e b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n .
Cable cleat. A cotlrponent of a sr,tpportsystetr. which consists of elernentsspaced at irrtervalsalong t h e l e n g t h o f

t h e c a b l e o r c c l n d u i ta n d w h i c h r l e c h a n i c a l l y r e t a i n st h e c a b l e o r c o n d u i t .
C a b l e c o u p l e r . A t n e a n so 1 ' c n a b l i n gt h e c o n n e c t i o r ro r d i s c o n n e c t i o n "a t w i l l . o f t w o f l c x i b l e c a b l e s .l t c o n s i s t so f a
c o n n e c t o ra n d a p l u g .
C a b l e d u c t i n g . A t l e n c l o s l t r eo f t r e t a l o r i l t s u r l a t i n -ren a t e r i a l .o t h e r t h a n c o n d u i t o r c a b l e t r r . r n k i n gi.n t e n d e d f b r t h e
p r o t e c t i o no f c a b l e sw h i c h a r e d r a w n i n a f t e r e r e c t i o no f t h e d u c t i r r g .
C a b l e l a d d e r . A c a b l e s L r p p o r tc o n s i s t i n s o f a s e r i e s o f t r a n s v e r s es r - r p p o r t i n ge l e r n e n t sr i g i c l l y f l x e d t o l t a i n
l o n g i t L r d i n asl L r p p o r t i n gr n e r n b e r s .
C a b l e t r a y . A c a b l c s l l p p o r t c o n s i s t i t - t os f a c o n t i n u o u sb a s e w i t h r a i s e c el d - e e sa n d n o c o v e r i p g . A c a b l e t r a y m a y c l r
n r a y l t ( ) tb c p e r l i r r a t e d .
C a b l e t r u n k i n g . A c l o s e d e n c l o s u r e n o r m a l l y o f r e c t a n g u l a r c r o s s - s e c t i o n .o f w h i c h o n e s i d e i s r e r n o v a b l e o r
l l i r r g e d ,L r s e df b r t h c p r o t e c t i o no f c a b l e sa n d f b r t h e a c c o r n r n o d i i t i o no f o t h e r e l e c t r i c a le q u r i p r n e n t .
C a b l e t u n n e l . A c o r r i d o r c o n t a i t r i l t s s L l p p o r t i r t gs t r r . t c t u r efsb r c a b l e s a r r d j o i n t s a r r d / o r o t h e r e l e r r e n t s o f w i r i n g
s y s t e l l l sa n d u ' h o s e d i t n e n s i o n sa l l o w p e r s o n st o p a s sf i e e l y t h r o r - r g h o ut th e e n t i r e l e n g t h .
C a r a v a n . A t r a i l e r l e i s t r r ea c c o l t l l l o d a t i o n v e h i c l c . L r s e df b r t o u r i n g . d e s i g n e d t o n t e e t t h e r e q L r i r e l r e n t sf b r t h e
c o n s t r l t c t i o na n d u s e o f r o a d v e h i c l e s ( s e e a l s o d e l l n i t i o n s o f M o t o r c a r a v a na n d L e i s u r ea c c o r x r t r o d a t i o n vehicle).
C a r a v a n p a r k / c a m p i n g p a r k . A r e a o f l a n d t h a t c o n t a i n st w o o r n t o r e c a r a v a np i t c h e sa n d / o r t e n t s .
C a r a v a n p i t c h . P l o t o f g r o u n d i n t e n d e dt o b e o c c r - r p i e bd y a l e i s u r ea c c o r l n t o d a t i o nv e h i c l e .
C a r a v a n p i t c h e l e c t r i c a l s u p p l y e q u i p m e n t . E q u i p r n e n t t h a t p r o v i d e s l r e a n s o f c o r r n e c t i n ga n c l d i s c o n n e c t i l g
s t r p p l yc a b l e sf i o r t t l e i s L l r ea c c o r l u - n o d a t i ovne h i c l e so r t e n t s w i t h a n t a i n s e l e c t r i c a ls L r p p l y .
Cartridge fuse link. A device cort-rprisinga firsc eletrent or two or lrore firse elernents connected in parallel
e n c l o s e di n a c a r t r i d g er . r s L r a l fl yl l l e d w ' i t h a r c - e r t i n g u i s h i n gr n e d i u r na n d c o n n e c t e dt o t e r m i n a t i o n s( s e e f i r s e l i l k ) .
Central power supply svstem. A systenrsLrpplyin-u

the reclLriredenrergencypower to essentialsafbty equipmept.
C i r c u i t . A n a s s e n r b l yo l e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t s L r p p l i e df i o r n t h e s a m e o r i g i n a n d p r o t e c t e da g a i n s t o v e r c u r r e n tb y
t h e s a r t r ep r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e ( s ) .
C i r c u i t - b r e a k e r . A d e v i c e c a p a b l e o f r n a k i n g . c a r r y i r r ua n d b r e a k i n g n o n n a l l o a d c u r r e n t s a n d a l s o p a k i n g a n d
t l t " t t o t r a t i c a l l yb r e a k i n g . u n d e r p r e - d e t c r m i n e c cl o n d i t i o n s . a b n o r m a l c u r r e n t s s u c h a s s h o r t - c i r c u i t c u r r e n t s . I t i s
Lrstrallyrequired to operate infiequerrtly althoLrghsome types are sLritablefbr fieqLrentoperation.
C i r c u i t - b r e a k e r , l i n k e d . A c i r c L r i t - b r e a k etrh c c o n t a c t s o f w h i c h a r c ' s o a r r a n g e d a s t o r n a k e o r b r e a k a l l p o l e s
s i m u l t a n e o u s l yo r i n a d e f l n i t e s e q L r e n c e .
C i r c u i t p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r ( c p c ) . A p r o t e c t i v ec o n d u c t o r c o n n e c t i n ge r p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r tosf e q g i p r n e n tt o
t l r e n r a i n e a r t h i n - ut e r m i n a l .
C l a s s I e q u i p m e n t . E c l u i p t r t e r ri tn w h i c h p r o t e c t i o t -at g a i r r s te l e c t r i c s h o c k d o e s n o t r e l y o n b a s i c i n s u l a t i o n o l l y .
b L r tw l i i c h i n c l u d e s l r e a n s f b r t h e c o n n e c t i o n o f e r p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t tso a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r i n t h e f i x e c l
w i r i n g o f t h e i n s t a l l a t i o (ns e eB S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C l a s s I I e q u i p m e n t . E q L r i p t t t e nitn w l i i c h p r o t e c t i o n a g a i r r s te l e c t r i c s h o c k d o e s n o t r e l y o n b a s i c i n s r - r l a t i o on n l y ,
b u t i r r w h i c h a d d i t i o n a l s a f ' e t yp r e c a u t i o t t ss t t c h a s s u p p l e r r e n t a r yi n s u l a t i o n a r e p r o v i c l e d ,t h e r e b e i n g n o p r o v i s i o n
f b r t h e c o r r n e c t i o no f e x p o s e d m e t a l w o r k o f t h e e q u i p n t e n t t o a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r , a n d n o r c l i a l c e u p o n
p r e c a u t i o t rtso b e t a k e n i r r t h e f l r e d w i r i n g o f t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n( s e e B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C l a s s I I I e q u i p m e n t . E q L r i p t . n e ni nt w h i c h p r o t e c t i o n a g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k r e l i e s o n s r , r p p l ya t S E L V a p d i n w h i c h
v o l t a g e sh i g h e r t h a n t h o s eo f S E L V a r e n o t g e n e r a r e d( s e eB S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C o l d t a i l . T h e i n t e r f b c eb e t w e c n t h e f l x e d i n s t a l l a t i o na r r da h e a t i n s u n i 1 .
21
Com pet ent person. A pcrson r,l'ho possesses sLrfflcient t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e . r e l e v a t r t p r a c t i c a l s k i l l s a t l c J
c r pc r ienc ef o r t h e n a t L t r eo f t h e c l e c t r i c a l w o r k L t n d e r t a k e na n d i s a b l e a t a l l t i n r e s t o p r e v c l t t d a n g e r a n d . w h e r e
appr opr iat e. injLrryto hinr/lierself artclotliers.
Complementar-v tloor heating. Direct heating syslem integrated into tltc f'loor constrLtctiotl.fbr eratrlple. irl tlle
b o r c l e rz o l e s c l o s e t o 6 1 r t e rw a l l s . w h i c h c o n t p l e n t e n t st h e h e a t d i s s i p a t i o no f a t h e n t t a l s t o r a g ef l o o r h e a t i t l gs y s t e t l l .
Conducting location with restricted movement. A location corrrprisedntainly of ntetallic orcotrductive surrontrdirlg
p a r t s . r v i t h i n r v h i c l i i t i s l i l < e l yt h a t a p c r s o n w i l l c o m e i n t o c c l n t a c t h r o u g h a s u b s t a n t i a lp o r t i o n o f t h e i r b o d y w i t h
t h e c o n c l r - r c t i vscu r r o g n c l i n gp a r t s a n d r v l t e r et h e p o s s i b i l i t y o 1 ' p r e v e n t i t t gt h i s c o r t t a c ti s l i l r i t e d .
C o n d u i t . A p a r t o f a c l o s e c lw r r i n g s y s t e n rf b r c a b l e s i r r c l e c t r i c a l i l t s t a l l a t i o t r sa. l l o l v i r t g t h e t l l t o b e d r a w n i r - ra n d / o r
r e p l a c e d .b L t tn o t i n s e r t c dl a t e r a l l y .
C o n n e c t 6 r . T h e p a r t o f a c a b l e c o u p l e r o r o f a n a p p l i a n c c c o l t p l e r w l i i c h i s p r o v i d e d w i t h f ' e m a l ec o n t a c t sa n d i s
i n t c n c l e dt o b e a t t a c h c dt o t h e c n c lo l ' t h c t l c r i b l c c a b l e r e t n o t ef i ' o m t h e s t r p p l y .
C o n s u m e r u n i t ( l t a y a l s o b c l < p s n ' r .ar s a c o n s L u n e rc o n t r o l r - r n i to r e l e c t r i c i t y c o r - r t r oul n i t ) . A p a r t i c L r l a rt y p e o f '

c l i s t r i b g t i o nb o a r c l c o r l l t r i s i n g a t y p e - t e s t e dc o - o r d i n a t c d a s s c t n b l y f b r t h e c o t t t r o l a r r d c l i s t r i b u t i c l no 1 ' e l e c t r i c a l
e p e r s y . p r i n c r p a l l y i n c l o n r e s t i cp r c n r i s c s .i n c o r p o r a t i n s n r a n u a l n t c a n s o f d o L r b l c - p o l ei s o l n t i o n o n t h e i n c o t t t i t t g
c i r c L r i r ( sa) n c l1 p a s s c p r b l l , i l f g n e o r n l o r e f i r s e s .c i r c L r i t - b r e a k e r sr c. s i d L r acl t t r r e n to p e r a t c dc l c v i c e so r s i g r l a l l i n ga n d
o t h e r c l e v i c e sp r o \ , ' c l ct l L r r i n gt h e t y p c - t e s to f t h e a s s e t t t b l ya s s L r i t a b l ef o r s L t c hu s e .
ControlgeAr /,\r'r' Stri It' ltgt'ttt'

1
C o n y e n t i o n a l i m p u l s c r r i t h s t a n d l , o l t a g e . T h e p e a k v a l r - r co f a n i m p r - t l s et e s t v o l t a g c a t w h i c h i r l s l t l a t i o t ld o e s n o t
shclu'ariy''clisrrrptireclischargcrr'hct-tsrrb.jectec1toaspeci1
specifiecl cond it ir-rns.
Current-carrying capacitl' of a concluctor. The nrarirnurr current which can be carried by a corldLtctorltndet'specifled
c o r i d i t i o n sn ' i t h o L r ti t s s t e a c l y - s t a ttce n r p e r a t u r ec r c c e c l i n ga s p c c i f l c d v a l u e .
which convefts electricalenergy into atrotherlbrtt-ro1'eneruy.such as light, heat

Current-using equipment. Ecpriprtrcnt
or nrotivc po\\ cr.
D a n g e r . R i s k o f i n . j u n t o p c r s o n s( a n d l i v e s t o c k w l i e r c e x p c c t e dt o b e p r e s e n t )f l - o r l l :
(i) f l r c . e l e c t r " i cs I o c l i . .b u r n s . a r c i n g a n d e r p l o s i o n a r i s i t - t gl r o n i t h e u s e o f e l c c t r i c a le n c r g y . a n d
(ii) r l e c h a 6 i c a l r . t r 6 r e p t e po t f e l e c t r i c a l l y c o n t r o l l e d e c l u i p n t e t r t i.t t s o f h r a s s u c h d a r l g e r i s i n t e n d e d t o bc
p r e v e p t c c lb y ' c l c c t r i c a l e m e r g c n c y s w i t c l i i n g o r b y e l e c t r i c a l s w i t c h i n g f b r n t c c h a n i c a l t ] ] a i n t e n a l l c co f
n o n - c l e c t t ' i c apl a r t s o f s t t c l te t l L t i p t t t c t t t .
of the cllrrent (rnis value lbr a.c.) to be carried by the circLritirr tltlrtllal
Design current (of a circuit). The nragnitLrcle
s e r vi c e .
Device for connecting a luminaire (DCL). Systent cornprising an outlet and a conlrectorproviclin-ua lked lr-rtrirlaire
l i o n r a f l r c d i n s t a l l a t i o r rb r - r nt o t p r o v i d i n g m c c h a n i c a ls L r p p o r lt b r a
r v i t h e l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i c - rtno a n c lc j i s c o n l r e c t i o n
lr-rrr-rinairc.
Direct contact Daletcd b.r'BS 7(t71: 2008 (.saaBusit' 1tt'rtlec/

irttt).
D i r e c t h e a t i n g s v s t e m . H c a t i n g s y s t e n tw h i c h g c t r e r a t e sh c a t l l ' o n r e l e c t r i c a lc n e r g y a n d d i s s i p a t e si t t o t h e r o o l l l t o
b e h e a t e dw i t h a r c s p o n s et i n t e b c i r r ga s l o r . ra' s p o s s i b l c .
- see Appertclir 9.
d.c. s-v-stcms
spccificd
Disconnector. A r-lcchapicalswitching clevicewhich. in the open position. cotlplies with thc reclr-rirctrlellts
I o r t h c i s o l u t i n gI t t t t c t i o t t .
is otlleni'isektttrut.llts lttt istrllttot'.
NOTE 1: A cliscottltcctor
NoTE2:Acliscorlncct()riscapab|ctl|clpcItitlgarrdclosiIlgacircr-ritu'Ilcneitherarre.tIli-t]iblecttrretrt
1 s s i g l i t i c l n t c 6 a n g ci n t h c v o l t a g ea.c r o s st h e t e r n r i n a los 1 ' e a c hp o l e o 1 ' t h cc l i s c o n n e c toocr c l l r s .I t i s a l s oc a p a b l eo l '
carfVlllgCtlrrentStttrc1crtltrrtltalcirctritctlIlclititlttsitnc1carryinglilra
s u c l ra s t h o s co l ' s h o r t - c i r c t r i t .
D i s t r i b u t i o n 5 o a r d . A p a s s c r l b l y c o n t a i n i n g s w i t c h i n g o r p r o t e c t i v e c l e v i c e s( e . g . f i r s e s .c i r c L r i t - b r e a k e r sr c. s i d r - r a l
currcpt operatccldevices) associatedil'ith one or lnore or-rtgoingcircuits f'ed ll'orn one or lllore incotning circLtits"
t o g c t h e r w , i t h t e r p r i p a l s l b r t l t c n e u t r a l a n c i c i r c L r i tp r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r s .l t n t a y a l s o i l t c l L t d es i g n a l l i l i g a r l d o t h e r
c o n t r o l d c v i c e s . M c a n s o f i s o l a t i o l tn t a y b c i r r c l L r c l ei dn t h e b o a r c lo r l l a y l r c p r o v i d e d s e p a r a t c l y .
22
Distribution circuit. A circLritsLrpplyinga drstributronboarcJor switchgear.
A c l i s t r i b L t t i o ct ti r c l t i t t t t a v a l s c 'cr c l r r n e ctth e o r i g i n o f a n i r r s t a l l a t i o nt o a n o u t l y i n g b L r r l d i n gr ) t ' s t - - p a r a ti n

es t a l l a t i o n .
r i , h e ni t i s s o l r i c t i r n e sc a l l e d a s u b - n r a i r r .
Distributor. A persottri'ho distributeselcctricityto consunrersLrsingelectricallines ancJecluiprncntthat lte/sheowlts or

operates.
D o u b l e i n s u l a t i o n . l n s L r l a t i ocno r n p r i s i n sb o t h b a s i c i n s u l a t i o rar n d s u p p l c n t e n t a r iyn s L r l a t i o n .
Duct, Ducting (.s'aa('ultlc tlttt'tin,q).
E a r t h . T l r c c o r l d L t c t i v et r t a s so l ' t h c E a r t h . w l t o s e c l c c t r i c p o t e n t i a la t a n y p o i r r t i s c o n v r . n t i o n a l l yt a k e n a s z c r o .
Earth electrode. CortclLtctivp e a r t . w h i c h n r a y b e e n t b e d d e d i n t h e s o i l o r i n a s p e c i f i c c o n d L r c t i v en t e c l i u n t .e . g .

c o n c r e t eo r c o l < c .i n e l e c t r i c a lc o n t a c t r i ' i t l r t h e E a r t h .
E a r t h e l e c t r o d e r e s i s t a n c e .T h c r c s i s t a n c eo f a r r e a r t h c l c c t r o d et o E a r t h .
E a r t h l a u l t c u r r e n t . A t . t o v e r c u r r e n tr e s u l t i n - {f l ' o t n a f a L r l to f n e g l i g i b l e i n t p e c l a r r c b
e e t w e c n a l i n e c o n c l u c t o ra n d
t l l c \ l ) ( ) s c d - c o r r d rtrier c - p l r r t( ) r 'l l l ) t ' ( ) t c c t icr c o r r d t r c t o r ' .
Earth fault loop impedance. Thc irnpeclance o l - t h c c a r t h f h L r l tc r - r r r e nl to o p s t a r t i n ga n c le n d i n g a t t h e p o i n t 9 f e a r t h

f a L r l t .T h i s i n r p e d a n c ei s d e n o t c d b y t h e s y r l b o l 2 . .
T h e c a r t h f a L r l tl o o p c o n r p r i s e st h c f b l l o w i n s . s t a r t i n ga t t h e p c l i r r to f l a u l t :
- t h c c i r c u i t p r o t e c t i v ec o n c l u c t o r a. n c l
- t h e c o t t s l u l e r ' s e a r t l t i n , gt e n n i n a l a n d e a r t h i n g c o n c l u c t o r a . nd
- l b r T N s y s t e l l s . t h e r r c t a l l i c r e t L r r np a t h . a n d
- f o r T T a n d l T s y s t e n t s t. l t e E a r t h r e t u r n p a t h . a n d
- t l i e p a t l t t h r o u g l t t l t e e a r t h e cnl c u t r a l p o i n t o 1 - t h et r a n s f b r r l e r .a n d
- t h e t r a n s f o n t r c rr i ' i n d i n g . a n c l
- t h c I i r r c c o n d u c t o r f l ' o n rt h c t r i i r r s f b n l c r t o t l i e p o i n t o f f a L r l t .
Earth feakage current (.;aaP rrttac'ti ya crtntlttr'Irtr cttt't't,tt|

).
E a r t h e d c o n c c n t r i c w i r i n g . A w i r i n , l rs y s t e l n i n i v l t i c h o n e o r I n o r e i n s u l a t e dc o n d u c t o r sa r e c o l l p l e t e l y s u r r o u n d e c J
t h r o t t g h o t r t h e i r l e n g t h b y a c o n c l L r c t o rl b. r e r a n r p l e a n r e t a l l i cs h e a t h .w h i c h a c t s a s a P E N c o n c J u c t o r .
E a r t h i n g . C o t l n e c t i o r t o l ' t l t e c x p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t os f a n i n s t a l l a t i o n t o t h e n t a i n e a r t l t i n g t c l t - r i n a l o f t h a t
installation.
E a r t h i n g c o n d u c t o r . A p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r c c ' r n t t c c t i ntgh e r l a i n c a r t h i n g t e n t r i n a l o f a 1 i n s t a l l a t i o nt o a p e a r t h
e l c c t r o c l co r t o o t h e r 't r c a n s o f ' e a r t h i n u .
E l e c t r i c s h o c k . A d a l t g c r o L rp
s l t y s i o l o g i c a lc l ' l - c c tr e s u l t i n g f i o m t h e p a s s i r r go f a n c l e c t r i c c L r r r c n t l r r o L r , r ral tI r L r p r a p
body or live'stock.
E l e c t r i c a l c i r c u i t f b r s a l ' e t y ' s e r v i c e sE. l e c t r i c a lc i r c L r i ti n t e n d e dt o b e u s e d a s p a r t o 1 ' a ne l e c t r i c a ls L r p p l ys v s t c n tf b r

sal-etyserr,ices.
E l e c t r i c a l s o u r c e l b r s a f ' e t ys' e r v i c e s . E l e c t r i c a l s o L r r c ci n t e n d e d t o b c u s e c la s p a r t o f a n e l e c t r i c a l s L r p p l ys y s t e n t
fbr saf'etyscrviccs.
E l e c t r i c a l s u p p l y ' s y s t e m f b r s a f ' e t 1 ' s e r v i c e sA. s u p p l y s y s t c t r i n t e n c l e dt o r n a i n t a i r rt h e o p e r a t i o no 1 - c s s e p t i apl a r t s

o f a n e l c c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o na n c le c l L r i p m e n t :
(i) f b r t h c I t e a l t ha n d s a f ' e t yo f p e r s o n sa n d l i v e s t o c k .a n c l
(ii) t o a v o i c lc l a n t n g et o t h e e n v i r o n r n e n ta n d t o o t h c r e c l u i p n t e n t .
NOTE: T h c s t r 1 t 1 t l 1 ' s y s ti n
cnc lrL r d et h
s e s o u r c ca n c tl h e c i r c L r i t ( su)p t o t h et e r r n i n a losf t h c e l e c t r i c acl c l L r i p n t e n t .
E f e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ( a b b r : l l t l t r i l t m a n l ) . A n y i t e n t f o r s u c h p u r p o s e s a s g e n e r a t i t ' r nc. o n v e r s i o n . t r a n s p r i s s i g r r .
d i s t r i b L r t i o to. tr t t t i l i s i t t i o no f e l e c t r i c a l e n e r g y . s u c l t a s t n a c h i n e s .t r a n s f o n r e r s . a p p a l ' a t u s n
. t e a s u r i n gi n s t r u n t e n t s .
protectii.,d e c l ' i c e s .u i r i n g s y s t e r l s .a c c e s s o r i e sa. p p l i a n c c sa n c ll L r m i n a i r e s .
E f e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n ( a b b r : l u . ; l u l l u l i r . , n )A. n a s s e r r i b l yo f a s s o c i a t e de l e c t r i c a l e q u i p n t e n t h a v i n s c g - o r d i r r a t e c l
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c st o f i r l f i l s p e c i f i c p L r r p o s e s .
23
Electricallv independent earth electrodes. Earth electrodes located at such a distance fiorn one another that the
curreltt likely to florv through one of thenr does rrot sigrrificantly af-fectthe potenlial of the other(s).
ntarir.r.rLrr.rr
Electrode boiler (or electrode water heater). Eclr-ripnren f ot r t h e e l e c t r i c a l h e a t i n g o f w a t e r o r e l e c t r o l y t e b y t h e

p a s s a g c ' o fa n e l e c t r i cc u r r e l r tb e t w e e ne l e c t r o d e si t n r n e r s e di n t h e w a t e r o r e l e c t r o l y t e .
Electronic convertor (static conl'ertor). A convcftor having no tnovit'tgpartsand notably using setniconductorrectif-iers.
E m e r g e n c y s t o p p i n g . E n r e r g e n c ys w i t c l i i n g i n t e n d c dt o s t o p a l t o p e r a t i o n .
E m e r g e n c l , ' s w i t c h i n g . A n o p e r a t i c ' rirn" t e n d e dt o r e r . n o v ea. s q L r i c k l ya s p o s s i b l e .d a n g e r .w h i c h n t a y h a v e o c c u r r e d

Lrncxpcctcdly.
F l n c l o s u r e . A p a r t p r o v i d i n g p r c t t c c t i c - ronf e c l L r i p n r e nat - q a i r t s ct e r t a i n e r t e r n a l i n f ' l r - r e n c easn d i n a n y d i r e c t i o n

providing basicprotcction.
t)quipmen t (.s'
ca E I acI r i cttI aqt ri 1ttrt
att| ).
E q u i p o t e n t i a l b o n d i n g . E l e c t r i c a l c o n n e c t i o n n r a i n t a i n i r r g v a r i o u s e x p o s e d - c o n d r " t c t i ' n ' e - p aarnt sd e x t r a n e o u s -

condrrctive-partsat substantially thc same potential. (See alsclProtct'live aquiyttanticrl bonding.)
E s c a p e r o u t e . P a t h t o f b l l o u ' 1 b r a c c e s st o a s a f ' ea r c a i n t h e e v e n t o f a n e l r e r g e n c y .
E x h i b i t i o n . E v c n t i n t c n d c c lf i r r t h e p u r p o s e o f d r s p l a y i r r ga n d / o r s e l l i n g p r o d u c t s e t c . . w h i c h c a n t a k e p l a c e i n a n y
sLritablckrcatii'r"r.either il roonr. builcling or ten.tporarystructure.
E x p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t . f ' o n d u c t i v e p a r t o l ' e c l u i p m c n tw h i c h c a n b e t o r " r c h e ad n d w h i c h i s n o t n o n r r a l l y l i v e , b u t

w h i c h c a r rb e c o m c l i v c u h c n b a s i ci n s L r l a t i ofna i l s .
E x t e r n a l i n l l u e n c e . A n y ' i n l l t r e n c c c x t e r n a l t o a n e l e c t r i c a l i r r s t a l l a t i o nw h i c h a f l - e c t st h e d e s i g n a n d s a f ' eo p e r a t i o n
o 1 -t h a t i n s t a l a t i o r i .
E,xtra-fow voltage (.st't'l'olttrgt', ttortti uul).
E x t r a n e o u s - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t . A c o n d u c t i i , ' ep a r t l i a b l e t o i n t r o d u c e a p o t e r r t i a l .g e n e r a l l y E a r t h p o t e n t i a l . a n d n o t
l b n r i n g p a r t o f t h e e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
t e v i c e so r b o o t h s a r e e r e c t e df b r l e i s u r eL r s e .
F a i r g r o u n d . A r e a u ' h c r e o n e o r l n o r e s t a n d s .a r r L r s s l r e n d
F a u l t . A c i r c u i t c o n c i i t i o ni r t r i ' h i c h c u r r e n t f l o w s t h r o r - r g ha t r a b n o r t n a lo r u n i n t e n d e dp a t h . T h i s m a y r e s u l t f i o r n a n
i n s u l a t i o n l a i l u r e o r a b r i d g i n g o f i n s r - r l a t i o nC. o r r v e n t i o n a l l yt h e i r n p e d a n c eb e t w e e n l i v e c o n d u c t o r s o r b e t w e e n
l i v e c o n d L r c t o r as n d e x p t - r s c col -r e x t r a n c o L r s - c o n d u c t i v e - p aar ttst h e f a u l t p o s i t i o n i s c o r t s i d c r e dn e g l i g i b l e .
F a u l t c u r r e n t . A c u r r c n t r e s u l t i n - g1 l - o nar l a u r l t .
F a u l t p r o t e c t i o n . P n r t e c t i c t na g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k u n d e r s i r r g l e - l a L rcl to n d i t i o n s .
NOTE: lrur lou voltasc installations. systcnlsand ecluipntcnt.lhLrltprotectiongenerallycorrcspclnds to protectionagainst
inclirectcontacl.rtrainly*ith regarclto tirilureof basicinsulation.lrrclirect contactis "contactof personsor livcstock
u ' i t h c r p o s e c l - c o n r i r , r c t i v e -rpvahri ct shh a v eb e c o t r cl i v e u n d c rf a u l tc o n d i t i o n s " .
F i n a l c i r c u i t . A c i r c u i t c o n n c c t c d d i r e c t l y t o c u r r e n t - L r s i n ue q L r i p r n e n to. r t o a s o c k e t - o u t l e to r s o c k e t - o u t l e t so r
o t h e r o L r t l c lp o i n t s 1 o r t l i c c o n r r c c l i o no f s u c h e c l u i p r n e n t .
F i r e d e q u i p m e n t . E c l L r i p m c ndt e s i g n e dt o b e f - a s t c n e tdo a s u p p o r to r o t h e r w i s es e c u r e di n a s p e c i f i c l o c a t i o n .
F l e x i b l e c a b l e . A c a b l e u , h o s es t n r c t u r ea n d r n a t e r i a l sm a k e i t s u i t a b l et o b e f l e r e d w h i l e i n s e r v i c e .
F l e x i b l e c o r d . A f ' l e x i b l ec a b l e i n i , i ' h i c ht h c c r o s s - s e c t i o n aal r e a o f e a c h c o n d u c t o r d o e s n o t e x c e e d4 m m 2 .
F l e x i b l e s h e e t h e a t i n g e l e m e n t . H e a t i n g c l c m e n t c o n s i s t i n g o f s h e e t s o f e l e c t r i c a l i n s u l a t i o n l a r n r n a t e dw i t h
e l e c t r i c a lr c s i s t a n c cn t a t c r i a l .o r a b a s e r r a t e r i a l o n w h i c h e l e c t r i c a l l yi n s u l a t e dh e a t i n gw i r e s a r e f l x e d .
F l e x i b l e w i r i n g s v s t e m . A w i r i n g s y s t e n l d e s i g n e dt o p r o v i d e r n c c h a n i c a lf l c x i b i l i t y i n u s e w i t h o r - r d
t e g r a d a t i o no f
t h e c l c c t r i c a lc o n - r p o n c n t s .
F u n c t i o n a l e a r t h . E a r t h i n g o l ' a p o i n t o r p o i n t s i n a s y s t e r no r i n a r r i n s t a l l a t i o no r i n e q r - r i p m e n tf .b r p u r p o s e so t h e r
t h a n e l e c t r i c a ls a f - e t ys. L r c ha s l o r p r o p c r l i r n c t i o n i n go f e l e c t r i c a le q u i p n t e n t .
F u n c t i o n a l e x t r a - l o r v v o l t a g e ( F E L \ ' ) . A n e r t r a - l o w v o l t a g e s y s t e r ni n w h i c h n o t a l l o f t h e p r o t e c t i v e m e a s L l r e s
r e c l r - r i r el b
c lr S E L V o r P E L V h a v e b e e n a p p l i e c l .
24
Func t ionals wit ch i n g .A n o p e ra ti o ni n te n d e dto sw i tch' on' or' of| or vary the sLrppl of
y el ectri calenergyto al l or
part of an installationfbr norrlal operatingpurposcs.
Fus e.A dev ic ew h i c h .b y th e rn e l ti n go 1 ' o n eo r rl ore of i ts speci al l ydesi gnedand proporti oned
components. op ens
th e c ir c uitin whic h i t i s i n s e rte db y b re a k i n -s
th e currentw hen thi s exceedsa gi venval uefor a suffi ci entti rne.The
firsecornprises all the partsthat fbrrn the cornpletedevice.
Fus ec ar r ier . T he m o v a b l ep a rto f a fu s ed e s i g ned

to carrya fi rsel i nk.
Fuseelement.A part of a firsedesignedto rneltwhen the firseoperates.
Fus elink . A par t o f a fi rs e .i n c l r-rd i nth

g e fu s ee lernent(s).
w hi ch requi resrepl acement
by a new or renew abl el use
link afterthe fusehasoperatedand beforethe firseis pr.rtback into service.
Fu s edc onnec t io nu n i t. A d e v i c ea s s o c i a tewd i t h the fked w i ri ng of an i nstal l ati on

by w hi ch appl i ances
rnay be
co nnec t ed.
and ha v i n gp ro v i s i o nfb r a re p l a c e a b lcartri
e dgefusel i nk.
Gas installation pipe. Any pipe, not being a servicepipe (otherthan any part of a servicepipe cornprisedin a
p rir nar ym et erins ta l l a ti o no)r a p i p e c o mp ri s e di n a gasappl i ance.
fbr conveyi nggasfbr a parti cul arconsur.ner
a ncl
i nc lLr ding
any as s o c i a tevda l v eo r o th e rg a sti tti n g .
Harmonized Standard. A standardwhich has beendrawn up by common agreementbetweennationalstandards

bodiesnotifledto the EuropeanComrnissionby all rnernberstatesand pLrblished
undernationalprocedr.rres.
Haz ar dous - liv e -p a rt.
A l i v e p a rtw h i c h c a ng i v e,underceftai ncondi ti ons
of externali nfl Lrence.
an el ectri cshoc k.
Heat ingc able.Ca b l ew i th o r w i th o u ta s h i e l do r a rnetal l i csheath.i ntendedto gi ve off heatfbr heati ngpurposes .
Heating-freearea. lJnheatedfloor or ceilingareawhich is completelycoveredwhen placingpiecesof firrnitureor

kept fiee fbr bLrilt-infurniture.
Heat ingunit . He a ti n gc a b l eo r f' l e x i b l es h e e th e a ti ngel ementw i th ri gi dl y fi xed col d tai l sor termi nalfi tti ngsw hich
a r ec onnec t ed
t o t h e te rrn i n a los f th e e l e c tri c ailn stal l ati on.
High-densitvlivestock rearing. Breedingand rearingof livestockfbr which the use of autornaticsysternslbr lif-e
suppor is
t nec es s a ry .
NOTE: Examples
of autornatic
lif-esupport
systems
arethosefbr ventilation.
f.eedin-e
andair-conditioning.
High voltage (see Voltagc,nominul).
H ighway .A high w a yrn e a n sa n y w a y (o th e rth a na w aterw ay)over w hi ch therei s publ i cpassage

and i ncl udest he
h ighwayv er gean da n y b ri d g eo v e r w h i c h .o r tu n nelthroLrgh
w hi ch.the hi ghw aypasses.
Highway distribution board. A tixed structureor undergroundcharnber.located on a hi-shway.useclas a

d i s t r ibut ionpoint .fb r c o n rre c ti rrg
tro re th a n o n e hi ghw aydi stri buti onci rcui tto a conrrnonori gi n. S treetfi rrni t ur e
rv hic h s uppliesm o re th a n o n e c i rc u i t i s d e fl n edas a hi ghw ay di stri buttonboard.The connecti onof a si l g le
temporaryload to an item of streetfurnitureshall not in itself make that itern of streetftrrnitLrre into a hishwav
d i s t r i b u t i obno a r d .
Highway dis t r ib u ti o n c i rc u i t. A Ba n d l l c i rc Lri connecti

t ngthe ori gi n of the i nstal l ati onto a remotehi ghway
distributionboardor itentsof streetfurnitLrre. lt rnayalsoconnecta highwaydistributionboardto streetfirrniture.
Highway power s u p p l y . An e l e c tri c a li n s ta l l a ti oncorrtpri si ngan asserrrblofy associ ated

hi ghw ay di stri br.r t ior - t
ci r c uit shighway
, d i s tri b u ti o n
b o a rd sa n ds tre e fu
t rni ture,suppl i edfi orn a comntonori gi n.
Hot air s auna.A ro o tl o r l o c a ti o ni n w h i c h a i r i s heated.i n servi ce.to hi gh temperatures w here the rel ative
h L r m idit is
y nor r na l l yl o w . ri s i n go n l y fb ra s h o rtp eri odof ti rnew henw ateri s pouredovertheheater.
Houseboat.Floatingdeckedstructurewhich is designedor adaptedfbr useas a placeof perrnanent

residenceoften
ke ptin one plac eo n i n l a n dw a te r.
Indirect contact Deleteclb.r'

BS 767I ;2008 (,seeFuult protection).
Ins pec t ion.E x am i n a ti o o

n f a n e l e c tri c ailn s ta l l a ti on
r-rsi ng
al l the senses
as appropri ate.
Instaflation (,s'ee
Electt'icalin,stullutiort
).
In s t r uc t ed per s o n . A p e rs o na d e q u a te l ya d v i s edor sLl pervi sed
by ski l l ed personsto enabl ehi m/herto avoid
d anger swhic hele c tri c i tyrn a yc re a te .
25
I n s u l a t i o n . S L r i t a b l en o n - c o n c l u c t i v en l a t e r i a le n c l c l s i n gs. u r r o u n d i n go r s l l p p o r t i n ga c o r r c l u c t o r .
I s o l a t i o n . A f i r n c t i o n i n t e n d c d t o c u t o 1 l -f u r r c a s o n s o l ' s a f - e t yt l r c s L r p p l yf i o n r a l l . o r a c l i s c t ' c t cs c c t i c l r t t" t l ' t h e

. rr s e c t i r ' r nf l ' o n rc v e r y s o L r r c eo l - e l e c t r i c a le n e r g y .
i n s t a l l a t i o nb y s e p a r - a t i ntgh e i n s t a l l a t i o r o
I s o l a t o r . A n t e c h a n i c a ls r v i t c h i n gd e v i c e u ' l i i c h . i n t h e o p c t t p o s i t i o n . c o n r p l i c s i v i t h t h e t ' c t l u i t ' e n t c ' l .st t1s' r r - c i l l efcblr

t h e i s o l a t i n g f i r n c t i o n .A n i s o l a t o r i s o t h e n l ' i s c k n o r , v na s a c l i s c c t n n e c t o r .
[,adder (.sat'Cuhla luddcr).
L e a k a g e c u r r e n t . E l c c t r i c c u r r e n t i n a n l r n w a n t e ccl o n c l t t c t i v cp a t h l t n c l e rt i o r n t a l o p c r a t i n gc o t i d i t i c l r t s .
L e i s u r c a c c o m m o d a t i o n v e h i c l e . U n i t o f l i v i n g a c c o n r . n o c l a t i o lno r t e n r p o r a r yo r s c a s o n a lo c c l t p a l i o r tn ' l r i c l t r t r a y
nreet recluiren-tcnts firr construrctionand ttse o1'roaclvchicles.
L i n e c o n d u c t o r . A c o n c l u c t o ro f i t n a . c . s y s t c n r t b r t h e t r a t t s n r i s s i o t or f ' e l e c t r i c a l c l t c r g y o t l t c r t l t a t r a t t e t t t r a l
conductor. a protcctivc cr-rnclLrctor or a PEN corrcluctot'.The ternr ltlso Ineans tltc cclttivaletttcottdLtctttro1-a cl.c.
s y s t e m u n l e s so t l r e r w i s cs p e c i f i e c il n t h c R e g r . r l a t i o n s .
L i v e c o n d u c t o r ( . ; a cL i v a p u r t ) .
L i v e p a r t . A c o n c l u c t o ro r c u n d L r c t i v ep a r t i n t c n c l e ctlc l b e e n e r - g i s c di n t r o r n r a lL t s e .i n c l L t d i n ga n e u t r a l c t l t r c l t t c t o r
but. by cclnl,enticlr.r. not a PEN cortdltctor.
Low voltage /,sc,c,

Volluga, ttorttittult.
L u m i n a i r e . E c l L r i p n t e nwt l t i c h c l i s t r i b L r t e sf l.l t e r s o r t r a n s f b r r n st h e l i g h t t r a n s n r i t t e dl i ' c i r r o t r c o r n r o r e l i i t t t p s a r t d

r v h i c l t i n c l L r d c sa l l t h c p a r t s n c c e s s a r yl b r s L r p p o r t i n gl.i r i n g a n c lp r o t e c t i n gt h e l a n t p s .b L t tt t o t t h c l a t t t l - rtsh e t t t s c l v e s .
a n c lw h e r e n e c c s s i i r y c. i r c u i t a L r r i l i a r i c st o g e t h e ri l ' i t h t h c m e a n s f b r c o n n e c t i n gt h e n t t o t h c s L r p p l y .
NOTE: s c l L r c l celser i c e ss u c ha s l i g h tc r l i t t i r t gc l i o c l c s .
L a n r l - ri n
L u m i n a i r e s u p p o r t i n g c o u p l e r ( l , S C ) . A n r e a n s .c o t n p r i s i n s a n L S C o L r t l e ta n c l a n L S C ' c o n n e c t t t r . p r o v i d i n g
tllechatricitlstt1-lportfilraltrrllinaircatlclthcelectricalcclrltlccticlntoarrddiscorrtlectiilt
L V s l v i t c h g e a r a n c l c o n t r o l g e a r a s s e m b l r " .A c o r r b i n a t i o t to 1 ' o n c o r n r o r e l o r . l 'v o l t a g e s r i ' i t c l i i n gc l e v i c c st o g e t h c r

n , i t h a s s o c i a t e ccl o n t r o l . n r e a s L r r i n gs.i g n a l l i n g . p r o t e c t i v c . r c g L r l a t i l r ge r l L r i l ) n r c n et .t c . . c o n t p l c t e l y a s s e r t t t r l e d ttrtdcr
t l i e r e s p o n s i b i l i t yo 1 - t l i en r a n u f n c t u r c rw i t h a l l t h e i n t e r n a l c l c c t r i c t r la n d n r c c l t a n i c a l i n t e r c o n n e c t i c l n
a n c l s t r l t ctttral
p a r t s . T h e c o n t p o n e n t sc l l ' t h e a s s e n t b l y m a y b c e l e c t r o n r c c h a n i c a o l r clcctronic. T h e a s s e r n b l y r t t a y b e e ithcr
t y p e - t c s t e do r p a r t i a l l yt y p e - t e s t e d( s e e B S E N 6 0 4 3 9 - l ) .
M a i n e a r t h i n g t e r m i n a l . T h e t e r n t i n a l o r b a r p r o v i d e d l b r t h e c o t r n e c t i o n o f p r o t e c t i v e c o n c 1 u c t t t t ' si r.t c l t r d i n g
p r c t e c t i v eb o n c l i n gc o n c l u c t o r sa. n d c o n c l u c t o r sf i l r f i t n c t i o t r a le a r t h i n { - Ii l. ' a n y . t o t h e l . l t e a n so l ' e a r t l t i r t g .
. t c r t d c dt c t
M a i n t e n a n c e . C ' o n t b i n a t i o nc l f a l l t c c l i n i c a l a n d a c l n r i n i s t r a t i r ea c t i o n s . i n c l L r d i n gs L t p c ni s i t l r t a c t i t - r t t si n
rctain an itcrtr in. t-rrl'r'storr'it 1o. a statc in u'hich it can perfbnr a reclLtirecl firnction.
Marina. Facility for ntooring arrclscrvicing ol- plcasure crali with llred whiirves. jctties. ltiels ot' pclrttoot.t
a r r a n g c ' n r e n tcsa p a b l eo t ' b e r t h i n g o n e o r t r o r e p l c a s l t r ec r a l t .
t r c l e a n i n g o f l a n r p s a n d t r o n - e l e c t r i c a lp a r t s o t '
M e c h a n i c a l m a i n t e n a n c e . T h e r c p l a c e m c n t . r e f L r r b i s h n l e no
e c l L r i p n r c r "prlta. n t a n d n r a c l r i n c r y .
M o b i l e a n d o f f . s h o r e i n s t a l l a t i o n s . l n s t a l l a t i o n s u s e d f b r t h c e x p l o r a t i o t r o r d c v e l o p m e n t o l ' l i c l u i c lo r g a s e o L t s
liyclrocarbonrcsourccs.
M o b i l e e q u i p m e n t ( p o r t a b l e e q u i p n t e n t( d e p r e c a t e c l ) )E. l c c t r i c a l c q r . r i p n r c ni t. r , h i c hi s n t o v c d r i ' h i l e i n o p c t ' a t i t t t ot r

u , h i c l i c a n e a s i l y b e r l o v e c l t l - o n to n e p l a c c t o a n o t h e t w
- h i l c c o t r n e c t e ct lo t h e s L r p p l y .
M o b i l e h o m e . A t r a n s p c t r t a b l lee i s L r r eu t c c o l t - l l n o d a t i ovne h i c l c w h i c h i n c l r . r c l cms c a n s l b r n t o b i l i t y b u t c l o e st r o t t . t t e e t

t h e r e c l u i r e n r e n tfsi l r c o n s t n r c t i o na n c lu s c o 1 - r o a dv e h i c l c s .
M o n i t o r i n g . C ) b s e n ' a t i o no f t h c o p e r a t i t - r n o f a s y s t e r r o r p a r t o f a s y s t c n rt o v e r i f y c o r r c c t l i t n c t i o n i n g o r c l c t c c t
i n c o r r e c tt i r n c t i o n i n ub y n t c a s u r i n gs y s t c n i v a r i a b l e sa n d c o n r p a r i n gt h e n r e a s u r e cvla l u e s w i t h s p e c i l l c c lv a l L r e s .
M o t o r c a r a v a n . S c l l ' - p r o p c l l c dl e i s L r r ca c c o n m r o c l a t i o tvr e h i c l e " L r s e df b r t o L t r i n g .t h a t t l e e t s t l t c r c c l r , r i r e t t t e t tl tbsr

t h c c c ' r n s t r L r c t ia n u s e o l -r o a d v e h i c l e s .
r -nr d
NoTE:Itiscithcracia;ltcc1ll.tlIllascricsprotlttctiotlr,chicle.
c i n gei t h c rl l r c c lo r c l i s t n o u n t a b l c .
c l r i rr n gc a b .t h c a c c o n u n o c l u t ilor n
26
\ e . u t r a l c o n d u c t o r . A c o n d u c t o r c o n n e c t e dt o t l r e n e u t r a l p o i n t o f a s y s t e t l a n d c o n t r i b u t i l r gt o t h e t r a n s t t t i s s i o no f
c l e c t r i c a le n e r g y . T h c t e r r n a l s o n t e a n st h e c c l L r i v a l e ncto n d u c t o t ' o l - a t tl T o r d . c . s y s t e r nu t r l e s so t h c r w i s e s p e c i l i e c l
i n t h e R e g u l a t i o n st r n d a l s o i d e n t i f l e s e i t h e r t l i e m i d - w i r e o f a t h r e e - l v i r cd . c . c i r c L r i to r t h e e a r t l t e ccl o t t d l t c t o ro 1 -a
l u o - w ' i r ee a r t h e dc l . c .c i r c L r i t .
\ominal voltage (.;ea Voltuga. nontinul).
O b s t a c l e . A p a r t p r e v e n t i r r uL r n i n t e n t i o n acl o n t a c tr v i t h l i v e p a r t s b u t n o t p r e v e t t t i t r gd e l i b e r a t ec o r t t a c t .
O p e n - c i r c u i t v o l t a g e u n d e r s t a n d a r d t e s t c o n d i t i o n s U s c S T C .V o l t a g e u t r d e r s t a n d a r dt e s t c o n d i t i o t t sa c r o s s a l . )
. r n l o a d e d( o p e n ) g c n c r a t o ro r o n t h e d . c . s i d e o f t l t e c o t t v e r t o r .
O r d i n a r v p e r s o n . A p e r s o nw h o i s n e i t h e ra s k i l l e d p e r s o n n o r a l ' li r t s t r r - r c t cpde r s o l . l .
O r i g i n o f a n i n s t a l l a t i o n . T l i e p o s i t i o n a t w h i c h e l e c t r i c a lc n e r g v i s d c l i v e r c d t o a n e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o r t .
O r i g i n o f t h e t e m p o r a r y e l e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n . P o i n t o n t l r e p e r n r a n e n ti n s t a l l a t i o no r o t h e r s o L l r c eo l - s L r p p l yl i o r l r
u h i c h e l e c t r i c a le n e r g y i s c l e l i v e r c dt o t h e t c n - r p o r a r ye l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
O v e r c u r r e n t . A c u r r c n t c x c e e d i n gt h c r a t e d v a l r , r eF. o r c o n d u c t o r st h e r a t e d v a l L t ei s t h e c u r r t r ' t t t - c a r r y i r cr ga p a c i t y .
O v e r c u r r e n t c l e t e c t i o n . A n t e t h o d o f - e s t a b l i s h i n gt h a t t h c v a l L r eo f c u r r c ' n t i t i a c i r c u i t c r c e e c ' l sa p r c d e t e n t t i t t e d
i alue fbr a specilicd lcngth of tinre.
O r e r l o a d c u r r e n t . A n o v e r c u r r e n to c c L r r r i n gi n a c i r c L r i tw h i c h i s e l e c t r i c a l l ys o L r n d .
P E I , V ( p r o t e c t i v e e x t r a - l o w v o l t a g e ) . A n e r t r a - l o w v o l t a - s es y s t e r r ri v h i c h i s n o t c l c c t r i c a l l y s c p a r a t e df i o r t t E a r t h .
: . L r iti . ' h i c ho t h e r l v i s es a t i s f i e sa l l t h c r e c l u i r e t r e n t sf b r S E L V .
P E \ c o n d u c t o r . A c o n d u c t o rc o r n b i n i n g t h e f i r n c t i o n so 1 ' b o t hp r o t e c t i v ec o n c l u c t c t t ' a nnde u t r a lc o n d l t c t o r .
P h a s e c o n d u c t o r ( , s a aL i n e c o u d t t t ' l o t ' ) .
P l e a s u r e c r a f t . A r r y b o a t . v e s s e l .y a c h t . t l o t o r l a u n c l i . h o u s e b o a to r o t l t e r l l o a t i n g c r a f i r - r s e de r c l r - r s i vley f o r s p o r t
,r lcisure.
P l u g . A c c c s s o r y h a v i n g p i n s d e s i g n c d t o e n g a g e w i t h t h e c o n t a c t so f a s o c k e t - o r - t t l eat .n d i n c o r p o r a t i n gr t t e a n s1 b r
r c e l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i o na n d n r e c h a n i c a rl e t e n t i o no f a f l e x i b l e c a b l e o r c o r d .
o f c u r r e t t t - u s i r t gc q u i p r t r e r t t .
P o i n t ( i n w i r i n g ) . A t e r n t i n a t i o no f t h e f l r e d w i r i n g i n t e n d e cfl o r t h e c o t r n e c t i c t n
Prrrtabfe equipment (,s'aa

Mobila cqttilttttattt).
P o u e r t r a c k . A s y s t e n t c o l . l t p o n c l r tw . h i c l t i s a g c n e r a l l y a l i n e a r a s s e n t b l y o f s p a c e d a n c l s r , r p p o r t e db L r s b a r s "
' : ' , ' r i c l i t t ge l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i o r ro f a c c e s s o r i r - s .
P o n e r t r a c k s y s t e m ( P T s y s t e m ) . A n a s s e n t b l yo f s y s t e n rc o l n p o n c n t si n c l L r d i n sa p o w e r t r a c k b y r i ' h i c h a c c e s s o t ' i c s
' - i r b e c o n n c c t c dt o a n e l e c t r i c a ls u p p l y a t o n e o r n r o r c p o i n t s ( p r e - d e t e r t r i n c do r o t l t e r w i s e )a l o r t gt h e p o r , r ' c t ' t r a c k .
\OTE: systettris (r3A.

Thc nraxirrunlcun'cntratinuof a por'r'ertrack
F ' r o t e c t i v eb o n d i n g c o n d u c t o r . P r o t e c t i v cc o n d u c t o r p l r o v i d e dt b r p r o t e c t i v ee q r " t i p o t e n t i ablo n d i r t g
c o n d u c t o r ( P E ) . A c o n d L r c t oL
F'rote.ctive r r s e d1 b r s o n r e m e a s L r r ecsl f p r o t e c t i t t t ta q a i l t s te l e c t r i c s h o c k a n c l i t t t e n c l e c l
' lonnccting to-ucthca r n y o 1 ' t h ef b l l o w ' i n g p a r t s :
rr ) Exposecl-concluctive-parts
.i ) [:rtraneous-condlrctive-parts
r) The mtrin carthingtcnlinal
,) Earthelectrode(s)
. ) T h e e a r t l i e dp o i n t o f t h e s o u r c e .o r a n a r t i f l c i a l n e l t t r a l .
P r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r c u r r e n t . E l c - c t r i cc r r r r e r r ta p p e a r i r r ui n a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d t t c t o r , s u c h a s l e a k a g e c t t r r e n t o r
- : - . r ' i c c u r r c n t r e s L r l t i n gf i o r l a n i n s L t l a t i c tlna L r l t .
: ' r o t e c t i v c e a r t h i n g . E a r t h i n g o l ' a p o i n t o r p o i n t s i n a s y s t e n to r i n a n i n s t a l l a t i o no r i n c c l r , r i p r t t e lrbt tr t h e

' ':-,rscsof saf-ety.
: .,,tcctiveequipotential bonding. EclLripotentia

b lo n d i n g f o r t h e p L r r p o s eos f s a f - c t y .
27
Prospectivefault current (lpd. The value of overcurrentat a given point in a circuit resultingfiom a tault of
negligibleimpedancebetweenlive conductorshaving a diflbrenceof potentialundernonnal operatingconditions.
or betweena live conductorand an exposed-conductive-part.
P r ot ec t iv em ul ti p l e e a rth i n g (PME ). A n e a rthi ngarrangernent. fbLrndi n TN -C -S systerl s.i n w hrch the supply
rreutralcorrductoris Ltsedto connectthe earthingconductorof an installationwith Earth.in accordance with the
E lec t r ic it yS af ' e tyQu 2002(seeal soFi gLrre
R e g u l ati ons
. a l i tya n d C o n ti n L ri ty 2.4).
Protectiveseparation.Separation of one electriccircr.rit fiotn anotherby tneansof:

( i) doLr blcin s r-rl a ti oonr.
(shi el di ng).
( ii) bas icins u l a ti o na n de l e c tn c a l l yp ro te c ti vescreeni ng or
( iii) r einf or ce di n s r-rl a ti o n .
P V . S olarphoto v o l ta i c .
P V a. c . m odu l e . In te g ra te drn o d u l e /i n v e rtoarsserrbl yw here the el ectri cali nterfacetermi nal sare a.c. onl y . No
ac c es sis pr ov id e dto th e d .c .s i d e .
assetnbl of
P V ar r ay . M ech a n i c a l l ya n d e l e c tri c a l l yi n te gratcd y P V rnodul es.
and othernecessary to
corxponent s,
f br r r a d. c .pow e rs L rp p l Ly rn i t.
PV array cable.OutpLrtcableof a PV array.
P V ar r ay juncti o n b o x . Errc l o s u re and w heredevices

w h e reP V stri ngsof any P V arrayareel ectri cal l connected
y
c anbe loc at ed .
e l ectri ci tyw henexposedto l i ght suchas sol arradi ati on.

P V c ell. B as icP V d e v i c ew h i c h c a ng e n e ra te
g e PV generatorj uncti on
P V d. c . m ain c a b l e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti n th box to the d.c.termi nal sof the P V i nvertor.
PV generator.Assen'rbly
of PV arrays.
PV generatorjunction box. Enclosure andwheredevicescanbe located.

wherePV arraysareelectricallyconnected
of a PV powersupplysystetn.
PV installation.Ercctedeqr"tiprnent
e h i c cho n v e rtsd .c .v o l ta geandd.c.currenti nto a.c.vol tageanda.c.current.

P V inv er t or . D e ' r' i c r,,'
P V m odule.S m a l l e sct o rn p l e te ley n v i ro n rn e ntalprotected

ly P V cel l s.
y i nterconnected
assernblof
PV string. CircLritin ivhich PV ntodulesare connectedin series.in order fbr a PV array to generatethe required
voltage.
outpr.rt
to fbrrna P V stri ng.

P V rro d r-r l es
P V s t r ing c abl e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti n g
ci rcLriof
th e a .c .tenni nal sof the P V i nvertorto a di stri bLrti on
P V s upply c ab l e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti rrg t the el ec t r ical
installation.
Rated current. ValLreof currcnt used ltrr specificationpurposes,establishedfbr a specifiedset of operating

devicee
c ondit ionsof a c o rrp o n e n t. o r systetl .
. c l u i p n te rtt
Reduc edlow v o l ta g es y s te m.A s y s te rli n w h i ch the nomi nall i ne to l i ne vol tagedoesnot exceedI l 0 vol tsandt he
nor ninalline t o Ea rthv o l ta g ed o e sn o t e rc e e d63.5vol ts.
Reinf or c edinsu l a ti o n .S i n g l ei n s u l a ti o na p p l iedto l i ve parts.w hrchprovi desa degreeof protecti onagai nstelect r ic
t d o L rb l ei n s r-rl a ti ounn d e rt he condi ti onsspeci fl edi n the rel evantstandard.The tertr' single
s hoc k equiv al e nto
ins ulat ion' do ens o t i n tp l yth a t th e i n s u l a ti o nr nustbe one homogeneous pi ece.It rnaycotnpri setw o or trore layer s
whic h c annotb e te s te ds i n g l ya s s u p p l e rrte n tary or basi ci nsr,rl ati on.
to the per son

g e re s u l tso f p e ri odi ci nspecti onand testi ngof an el ectri cali nstal l ati on
Repor t ing.Co m m u n i c a ti n th
o r d e r i n gt h ew o r k .
Residencesand other locations belonging to agricultural and horticultural premises.Residences and other
loc at ionswhich h a v c a c o n d L rc ti vceo n n e c ti onto the agri cul turaland horti cul turalpremi sesby ei therprot ect ive
s th e s a l rei rrs ta l l a ti oonr b y e x traneous-conducti ve-parts.
c onduc t oro1'
NOTE: E x a n t p l c s o l ' o t h e r l o c a t i o n s i n c l L r c l eo l f l c e s . s o c i a l r o o m s . m a c h i n e - h a l l s . u , o r k r o o l l s . g a r a g e sa n d s h o p s .
e el l i ngdesi gnedfbr perrnanent

Res ident ialpa rk h o me .A fa c to ryp ro d u c e drel ocatabldw w hi ch may be
resi dence
us edf br leis ur ep L rrp o s e s .
28
Res idualc ur r e n t. Al g e b ra i cs u m o f th e c u rr entsi n tl re l i ve conductorsof a ci rcui t at a poi nt i n tl i e el ect r ical
. : r> t allat ion.
Res idualc ur r e n t d e v i c e(R C D ). A m e c h a n i calsw i tchi ngdevi ceor associ ati on

of devi cesi ntendedto caLrse
t he
, peningof t he c o n ta c tsw h e nth e re s i d u acl u rrentattai nsa gi venval ueunderspeci fi edcondi ti ons.
Residualcurrent operated circuit-breaker with integral overcurrent protection (RCBO). A residualcurrcrrt

' , per at ed
s wit c h i n gd e v i c ed e s i g n e d of protecti on
to p e rfb rmt he fi rncti ons agai nstoverl oadand/orsl tort-ci rcLr it .
Res idualc ur r e n t o p e ra te dc i rc u i t-b re a k e rw i thout i ntegralovercurrentprotecti on(R C C B ). A resi dualcur r ent

, pc r at ed to p e rfb rmthe fi rncti ons
s wit c h i n gd e v i c erro td e s i g n e d of protecti orr
aqai nstoverl oadand/orshort-ci rcLr it .
Res idualoper a ti n gc u rre n t. R e s i d L ra

c l l rre n tw hi ch caLrses
the R C D to opcratcundcrspeci fi edcondi ti or-rs.
Resistancearea (for an earth electrodeonly). The surf'aceareaof -uround(aror-rnd

an earthelectrode)on which a
. ic nif lc antv olt a g eg ra d i e nm
t a y e x i s t.
Res pons et im e . T h e ti rn e th a t e l a p s e sb e tw eenthe fai l ure of the nornralpow er sr" rppland

y thc abi l i ty of t he
- r Lr r iliarpower
y s u p p l yto e n e rg i z eth e e q u i p rn ent.
Restrictive conductive location (.secConcluc'ling

lot'ution wilh ra.slt'ir'tccl
movcntent).
Ring f inal c ir c u i t. A f.i n acl i rc r-riatrra n g e d

i n th e fbrrnof a ri ng andconnected
to a si ngl epoi ntof sLrppl y.
safety service.An electricalsysternfbr electricaleqr-ripr.nerrt

provrdedto protcctor warn personsin the eventof a
:iazard"or essentialto their evacuationfiorr a locatior-r.
S E LV ( s epar a te de x tra -l o wv o l ta g e ).An e x tra-l owvol tagesysternw hi ch i s el cctri cal l yseparated fi onr E arthand
. l' onrot hers y s t e msi n s u c ha w a y th a ta s i n g l e - f-aul
cannot
t ui ve ri scto the ri sk of el ectri cshock.
Shock (saeElec'tt'ir'.shocli).
S hoc k c ur r ent. A c u rre n tp a s s i n gth ro u -u th h e body of a personor l i vestocksuchas to causeel ectri cshockand
hav ingc har ac t e ri s ti cl i sk e l y to c a u s ed a n g e ro uetfects.
s
S hor t - c ir c uitcu rre n t. An o v e rc L rrre nret s u l ti ngtl ' orna faul t of negl i gi bl ei rnpedance
betw eenl i vc condr- r ct or s
ir av inga dit f er e n c ei n p o te n ti ar-rn
l d enro n .n aol perati ngcondi ti ons.
S hor t - c ir c uitc u rre n t u n d e r s ta n d a rdte s tc o ndi ti onsIscS TCS

. hort-ci rcuicurrent
t of a P V rnodr.rl P
e.V stri ne.PV
lrray or PV -qenerator understandardtestconditions.
S how.Dis playo r p re s e n ta ti oi rr
n a n y s u ri ta b l eo cati on.ei thera room.bLri l di ng
or temporarystructure.
S im ples epar ati o n Se

. p a ra ti obne tw e e nc i rc u i tsor betw ccna ci rcui tand E arthby nteansof basi ci nsLrl ati on.
S im ult aneous l ya c c e s s i b l ep a rts . C o n d u c to rsor conducti veparts w hi ch can be toLrched

si mLrl taneoLrs
b yly'a
r r c ' r S on
or . in loc a ti o n s p e c i fi c a l l iyn te n d e dfb r t henr.by l i vestock.
NO T E : S im ul ta n e o uascl vc e s s i bpl a
e rtsrra yb e :l i vcparts.
exposecl -condLrcti ve-parts. prutect
extraneous-concl ucti ve-par t s"eir
conductors ur earthclcctrodcs.
s k illed per s on .A p e rs o nw i th te c h n i c a kl n o u ' l edgeor sr-rffl ci ent

experi ence
to enabl chi nr/herto avoi d dar r gcr s
ir hic helec t r ic i tyrl a y c re a te .
S oc k et - out letA
. d e v i c ep . ro v i d e dw i th f' e m a l econtacts.
w hi ch i s i nterrdedto be i nstal l edw i th the l l xed w i ri ng.ancl
lit endedt o r ec e i v ea p l L rgA. l u n ri n a i re
tra c ks y stemi s not regarded as a socket-oLrtlsystem.
et
S pur . A br anc hfi o n r a ri n g o r ra d i a lfi n a l c i rc r,ri t.
Stand.Area or temporarystrLlctLlre fbr display,rriarketingor sales.

Lrsed
St andar dt es tco n d i ti o n s(S T C ).T e s tc o n c l i ti o ns

speci fl edi n B S E N 60904-3for P V cel l sand P V nrodul es.
Standbvelectricalsource.ElectricalsoLlrce irrtended to maintain.filr reasons

otherthansalbty.thesupplyto an clectrical
rns t allat ion
or pa rtso r a p a rtth e re o f.i n c a s eo f i nterrupti on
of the nonnalsLrppl y.
Standbyelectricalsupply system.Supplysystemintcndedto rnaintain.fbr reasonsotherthansaf-ety. the lLrnctionins

rr fan elec t r ic alin s ta l l a ti oonr p a rtso r a p a rtth e r eof-.
i n caseof i ntcrrr,rpti on
of the nonral suppl y.
St at icc onv er t o r.A c o n v e rtohr a v i n gn o rl o v i rrgpartsand rrotabl yusi ngsemi conductor

recti l l ers.
29
Stationary equipment. Electrical ecluipnrenw
t h i c h i s c i t h c r l l x e c l . o r e q L r i p n r c nht a v i n g a n r a s s e r c c e d i n - gl 8 l < g
and not provided with a carryine handlc.
S t r e e t f ' u r n i t u r e . F i x e d e q u i p n r e n tl o c a t e do n a h i g h w a y .
NOTE: StreettirrnitLrrc
inclucles
strcctlocatecl
ec1ui1-rnrent.
S t r e e t l o c a t e d e q u i p m e n t . F i r e c l e c l r - r i p n r c nI to. c a t e do n a h i g h r v a y .t h e p L r r p o s eo l ' w h i c h i s n o t d i r e c t l y a s s o c i a t e d
w i t h t h e L r s eo l - t h e h r g h w a y .
S u p p l e m e n t a r y i n s u l a t i o n . I n d e p c n d c n ti n s u l a t i o na p p l i e c li n a d d i t i o n t o b a s i c i n s u l i i t i o nf b r f a L r l tp r o t c c t i o n .
Supplier (.;ceD i.strihtttot').
S w i t c h . A r n c c h a n i c a lc l e v i c ec a p a b l e o f r r a k i n s . c a r r y i n g a n d b r e a k i r r gc u r r e n t L r n d e rn u n r a l c i r c u i t c o n c l i t i t - r t i s .
w h i c h n r a y i n c l u d c s p c c i f i e co l p e r a t i n s o v e r l o a d c o n d i t i o n s .a n c la l s o o f c a r r y i n g f b r a s p e c i f i c dt i r l c c u r r c n t s u n c l e r
s p e c i l l e d a b n o n r a l c i r c u i t c o n d i t i o n s s u c h a s t h c l s eo f s h o r t - c i r c L r i t l.t n r a y a l s o b e c a p a b l e o f n r a l < i n g ,b r . r tn o t
h r c a ki r rg . s l r t r l t - cri c r ri t c r r r r c r r t s .
a s t o n r a k c o r b r c a k a l l p o l c s s i r n u l t a n e o r - r sol yr i r t a
S w i t c h , l i n k e d . A s w i t c h t h e c o n t a c t so f w h i c h a r e s o a r r a n - g e d
delinitc scclLlence.
S w i t c h - d i s c o n n e c t o r . A s w i t c h w h i c h . i n t h e o p c n p c - r s i t i o ns. a t i s f l e st l i e i s o l a t i n g r e c l u i r e n r e n t s p e c i l l c d l b r a
disconncctor.
NOTE: A s r v i t c h - d i s c o r - r n ci cs tootrl i c r u ' i s ke n o w na s a n i s o l a t i n gs n ' i t c h .
S w i t c h b o a r d . A n a s s e r l b l y o 1 ' s w i t c h g e a rw i t h o r w i t h o r - r ti r r s t r u n r e n t sb. L r tt h c t e r m d o c s n c l t a p p l y t o g r o L r p so l '

l o c a l s w i t c h e si n f i n a l c i r c u i t s .
S w i t c h g e a r . A n a s s e n r b l yo f n r a i n a n d a L r x i l i a r ys w i t c l i i n g e c p r i p r r c n tf b r o p e r a t i o n .r e g L r l a t i o np. r o t e c t i r - r ur rr o t h e r
c o n l r o l o f a n e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
S y s t e m . A n c l c c t r i c a l s y s t e n r c o n s i s t i n g o f a s i n g l e s o L r r c eo r n r L r l t i p l es o L r r c e sr u n n i n - r ri n p a r a l l e l o f e l e c t r i c a l
e n e r - s ya n d a n i n s t a l l a t i o n . F o r c e r t a i n p L r r p o s e so f ' t h c R e g L r l a t i o n st.y p e s o l - s y s t e n r a r e i d e n t i f l e d a s f b l l o w s .
d e p e n d i n gL r p o nt h e r e l a t i o n s h i po f t h e s o u r c e .a n c lo f c x p o s e d - c o n c l u c t i v e - p a rot sl - t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n .t o E a r t h :
- T N s y s t e m . A s y s l c r l h a v i n g o n e o r n r o r e p o i n t s o f t h e s o L r r c eo l ' c n c r g y d i r c c t l y e a r t h e d . t h e e r p o s e c l -
c o n d r " r c t i v e - p a rot sf t h e i n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c o n n e c t e dt o t h a t p o i n t b y p r o t e c t i v ec o n d L r c t o r s .
- T N - C s y s t e m . A s y s t e n r i n w h i c h n e u t r a l a n d p r o t e c t i v c f u n c t i c l n sa r e c o m b i n e d i n a s i n g l c c o n d u c t o r
t l i r o L r g l t o Ltrht e s y s t e n r( s e e F i g u r e 2 . 2 ) .
- T N - S s _ v s t e m .A s y s t e r l h a v i n g s e p a r a t c r r e u t r a l a n c l p r o t c c t i v c c o n c l u c t o r st h r o u g l i o r - rtth c s y s t e r r ( s e c
F i g L r r e2 . 3) .
- T N - C - S s y s t e m . A s y s t c m i n r v l i i c h n c u t r a l a n c l p r o t e c t i v c l L r n c t i o n sa r c c o m b i n e c li n a s i n g l c c o n d u c t o r i n
p a r t o f t h e s y s t e n r( s c c F i g L r r e2 . 4 ) .
- T T s y s t c m . A s y s t c n r h a v i n g o n e p o i n t o l ' t h e s o u r c e o f ' e n c r - u yd i r c c t l y c a r t h e c l .t h e e x p o s e c l - c o n d u c tei r-
p a r t s o l - t h c i n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c t ' r n n c c t e ct o' l e a r t h e l e c t r o d e se l e c t r i c a l l y i n d e p e n d e n to f t h e e a r t h e l e c t r o c l c :
o f t h e s o l l r c e( s e e F i g u r c 2 . - 5 ) .
- IT svstem. A systerl having no clircctconnectic'rb n c t r v e e nl i v e p a r t s a n d E a r t h . t h e e r p o s e d - c o n c l u c t i r c -
p a r t s o f t h e e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c a r t h e c(l s e e F i g u r e 2 . 6 ) .
- M u l t i p l e s o u r c e a n d d . c . s y ' s t e m s- s e e A p p c n d i x 9 .
T e m p o r a r y e l e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n . E l e c t r i c a l i r r s t a l l a t i o ne r e c t e df b r a p a r t i c u l a r p u r p o s e a n d d i s n t i t n t l e dr v h c n I r , '
l o n g e r r e q u i r e df b r t h a t p u r p o s e .
T e m p o r a r r - s t r u c t u r e . A u n i t o r p a r t o l - a u n i t . i n c l L r d i n gm o b i l e p o r t a b l e L r n i t s .s i t L r a t e ci ln c l o u r su r o u t d o o r : .
desi-gned a n d i n t e n c l e ct Jo b e a s s e r l b l e cal n d d i s n r a n t l e c l .
T e m p o r a r y s u p p l , v u n i t . A n e n c l o s t r r r ' c o n t a i n i nt-'uc l L r i p n r e fnbt r t h e p l l r p o s eo f t a k i n g a t e n . r p o r a r ye l e c t r i c a ls u p l r l r

saf-elyfionr an item of street firnritr-rrc.
T e s t i n g . I m p l e r n e n t a t i o r ro l ' m e a s u r - e st o a s s e s sa n c l c c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n b y n r c a n s o f i v h i c h i t s e f l ' e c t i v e n c s sr -
p r o v e d . T h i s i n c l u d e s a s c e r t a i n i n - vga l u e s b y n r e a n so f a p p r o p r i a t en r c a s L r r i r rign s t n r n r e n t s r. v h e r e n r c a s u r e dv a l L r c -
a r e n o t d e t e c t a b l eb y i n s p c c t i o n .
30
Thermal storage floor heating system.Heatingsystetnin which. due to a lirnitedchargingperiod.a restricted
a r ailabilit yof e l e c tri c ael n e rg yi s c o n v e rte di n t o heatand di ssi pated
rnai nl ythroughthe surfaceof the fl oor to t he
roornto be heatedwith an intendedtirnedelav.
Trunking (.secC'ubletrunking).
V er if ic at ion. A l l rrl e a s L l rebsy m e a n s o f w hi ch contpl i anceof the el ectri cali nstal l ati onw i th the rel evant
reqlt ir em entof s B S 7 6 7| a rec h e c k e dc, o n rp ri si ng
of i nspecti on.
testi ngand certi fi cati on.
V olt agebands
B and I
B andI c o v e rs :
- ins ta l l a ti o nws h e rep ro te c ti o na g a i nstel ectri cshocki s provi dedr,rndercertai ncondi ti onsby the value
of v o l ta g e :
- in s ta l l a ti o nwsh e reth e v o l ta g ei s l i rni tedfbr operati onal (e.g.tel ecommuni cati ons,
reasons si gnalling,
be l l .c o n tro la n d a l a rmi n s ta l l a ti o ns).
E r t r a- lo wv o l ta g e(E L V) w i l l n o n n a l l yfal l w i thi n vol tageB andI.
B a n dI I
B and ll c o n ta i n sth e v o l ta g e sfb r s u p pl i esto househol dand r.nostconrmerci aland i ndr-rstriial
nstal l a t iols.
L o w v o l t a g e( L V ) w i l l n o r m a l l yf a l l w i t h i nv o l r a g eB a n dI I .
N O T E : B andI I v o l ta g edso n o te x c e e 1
d 0 0 0V a .c.rmsor 1500V d.c.
Volt age,nom
, in a l . V o l ta g eb y w h i c h a n i n s ta l l ati on
(or part of an i nstal l ati on)
i s desi gnatecl
The. fbl l ow i ngran ges
of nom inalv olt a g e(n n s v a l u e sfb r a .c .)a red e fi n ed:
- E x t r a- lo w .N o t e x c e e d i n 5
g 0 V a .c .o r 120V ri ppl e-fi eed.c.,w hetherbetw eenconductors
or to E arth.
- Low. E x c e e d i n ge x tra -l o wv o l ta g eb r,r nt ot exceedi ng1000V a.c.or 1500V cl .c.bctw eenconducto r s.
or
600 V a. c .o r 9 0 0 V d .c .b e tw e e nc o n d uctors and E arth.
- High. No rrn a l l ye x c e e d i n g
l o l v v o l ta g e .
NOTE: The actr-ral
voltageof'the installationmay diffbr fiom the ttominalvalueby a qr-rarrtity
witliin ngrrraltolerances.
\ioftageo reduced (see Reduc'edI ov, voltuge,s.t,.rtuu

).
Wiring svstem. An assembly lnade r"rpof cable or busbars and parts which secure and. if necessary,enclose the
c a b l eo r b u s b a r s .
31
Fig 2.1 lllustrationof earthingand protectiveconductor terms (seeChapter
54)
1,2,3,4, = protective conductors

' t - ci rcuit protective conductor
/ = main protective bonding conductor
3 - earthing conductor
! , = supplementary protective bonding conductors (where required)
B = main earthing terminal
M = exposed-conductive-part
C = extraneous-cond uctive-pa rt
P - main metallic water pipe (extraneous-conductive-part)
J = earth electrode (TT and lT systems)
E - other means of earthing (TN systems)
Fig 2.2 TN-Csystem

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
combined
protectiveand
consumers' neutralconductor
installationt
PEN
/ \
-
- - -/ - r \
[- I
additional
source earth
e q u i p m e n ti n
installation
ex posed -co n d u ctive-Pa rts
Neutral and protective functions combined in a single conductor throughout system.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor.

'not
Regulation 8(a) of the Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 states that a consumer shall combine the
neutral and protective functions in a single conductor in his consumer's installation.
32
Fig 2.3 TN-Ssystem
source of energy
L1
L2
L3
N
protective
c o n d u c t o r( P E )
e q u i p m e n ti
installation
Separate neutral and protective conductors throughout the system.
The protective conductor (PE) is the metallic covering of the cable supplying the installations or a separate conductor.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to this protective conductor via the main earthing terminal of the
installation.
Fig 2.4 TN-C-Ssystem

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
combined
consumers' protectiveand
installations n e u t r a lc o n d u c t o r
PEN
\ additional
source earth
installation
exposed-cond uctive-parts
Neutral and protective functions combined in a single conductor in a part of the system.
The usual form of a TN-C-S system is as shown, where the supply is TN-C and the arrangement in the installations is TN-S.
This type of distribution is known also as protective multiple earthing.
The supply system PEN conductor is earthed at two or more points and an earth electrode may be necessary at or near a
consumer's installation.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor via the main earthing terminal and the neutral
terminal, these terminals being linked together.
Fig2.5 TT system
source of energy
L1
L2
L3
N
consumers'
installations
/ \
installation
__.1
installation installation
earth : earth
electrode electrode
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode which is electrically independent of the source
ea rth.
Fig 2.6 lT system

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
earthing consumers'
impedance installations
/ \
installation
installation
earth
electrode
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode.
The source is either connected to Earth through a deliberately introduced earthing impedance or is isolated from Earth.
34
S Y M B O L SU S E DI N T H E R E G U L A T I O N S
includingfirstreference
rating lactor - gcncral A p p v l . S c c3 Ic cnarglrlg crlrrcrll A7t 1.525
ratirrglhctor firr antbicnt A p p x ' 1 .S c c3 l. tt r a t c c ls h o r l - t i n t c u i t h s t a n c lc u r r c l t t :13'+.

-5.-l
tcnrpcraturc
r a t i n g l a c t o r l i r r p r o t c c l i t c d c . ri c e A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 Id l a L r l tc u r r c n t o l ' l l r s t l i r u l t 4l l.(r.l
r l r i n s t a l a t i o r rc o n d i t i o n (lT svstcnr)
rating lirctrlr lirr hirlhcr harntonic A p p r I l . S c c3 p a r t ( ) l ' t h c c a r t h l u L r l tc u r r c n t i n 112.1.2

c L l r r e n t si n l i r r c c o n r l L r c t o r s thc high roltagc systcnt that
llori s llrrough thc carlhirrg
n t l i r t s l i r e t t r tl'i ) t 'o t ' ( ) u l t) ) u A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 a r r a l r g c l n c n to l ' t h c t r a n s f i r r n r c r
s u h s t a ito r r
rating tuctor lirr conclLrctors A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 lirult currcnt 1,+2.2.1

c n r b e c l c l e ci nl t h c r n r a l i n s L r l a t i o n
r i t t i t t ul l e t o t ' l i r r o P c l u t t t . A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 thc lirult currclrl that l'lou s 112.1.2

t c n r p c r a t u r c o 1 'c o n c l u c t u r t h r o u g h t h c c a r t h i n g a r r a l rg c n r c n t
o l ' t l t c c r p o s c r l - c r l r r c l r r icvt c - p a f t s
battcrv capacitv Ah A7t 1.5t5 o l ' t h c c c l u i l l n r c n ot l - t h c l o u
r r r l 1 1 1 .igr r s l l r l l l t i o rtrl u l i r r ! .i1r
or crall cablc clianrctcr nrn A p p r . 1 .T a b l c ' { A l pcrioclu lrcn thcrc is a high
r olta{lc lirult and a llrst lirult in
llrc loii r oltlrscilt:tlrllirtiorr
convcrttional cngth ol-thc supply krl 143.2.1
Ii n c L -
I ltl 5 ' r 'h a r n r o r . t i cc r l r r c n t A p p r | 1 .S c c3
the lcngthol'thc lou roltasc knr 443.2.1

o r c r h e a c ls u p p l l ' l i n c t o t h c Il',' r r ' l 'h A r n ' r o n i cc L l r r c l r t A p p r I l . S c c3
strLrcturc
thc lcncth ol'thc lotv voltagc knr 413.2.1

r a t c c lc u r r c n t ( ) r c L l r r c l r ts c t t i n ! I o l ' T a b l c, l l . i
p r o t c c t i r c c i c ri c c
l u n s c r c c n c dl i n c t o t h e s t r u c t u r e
4,+3.1.'+ Iln r a t c d r c s i c l r r a ol p c r a t i n g c u r r c r . r o
l l- T a b l c4 l . I
t h c l c n g t l ro l ' t h e h i g h v o l t a g c knr
t h c p r o t c c t i r c c l c ri c c i n a r t r p e r c s
o r c r h e a c ls u p p l y I i n c t o t h c
stnlctrlrc
Ink r a t c c lc u r r c n t o l ' t h c p r o t c c t i v c l i l r A p p r 1 0 .S c cl
.143.1..1 concluctork
c r i t i c aI l en e t h K IIl
lpl' p r o s l . r c c t i v cI u u l t c u r r c r r t Appr 6
t h c s u n ' to l ' 1 h c c o n t i n L r o u s A A p p r 10 . S c cl
c L l r r c n t * c a r r v i r r gc a p a c i t i c s o 1 'n t
I s c S I ( s h o r t - c i r c L r i tc u r r c r r t u n d e r 711..+li.l
c o n c l u c t o r si n p a r a ll c l
s t a n c l a r ctle s t c o n d i t i t l n s
group rating ltrctor A p p r - 1 .S c cl . - 1 . 3I. l1 t l t h u l r t t e t le t t t ' r e r t t -ter l r ' 1i l r r . : A p p r . 1 .S c c 3

c a p a c i l vo l ' a c a b l c
c l a s s ' g C ' u t i l i s a t i o l tc a t c g o r y 4 | I ..1.6
l/ currcnt-carryinu capacity of' a '113.1
I .
ol'luscs to BS l{8 - scncral usc
c l r h l el i r r e o n l i r r t r o u s e r ri e e
c l a s s ' s M ' u t i l i s a t i o nc a t c c o r y .1I I ..1.6 r r n c l c tr h c p a r t i c u l a ri n s l a ll a t i o n
o l ' l i r s c s t t r B S X X n r o l t r re i l e r r i t c o n r li t i o n s c o r r c c r n c c l
applications
I,,k l l t e c o t t t i n t t o t t se t r r t ' c r t t - c u l 'i rt rt g A p p r 1 0 .S c c t i ofr r
licqucncl, in cvclcs pcr scconcl Hz l r , - _ c a p a c i t l , o l ' c o t l c l t t c l t l rk
llr c n c r g v l c t - t h r o u g hv a l u c o l ' c l s i c c /\-s .134.-s.2

c r r r r c n t(g c n c r a l t c r n r) ll2.l
c L l r r c l r tc a u s i n g c l l c c t i r c . 1 3 - 1I. 1 .
' I ' a b l c. 1 1
c u r r c n t C a u s i n ga u t o n r a t i c .I o p er a t i o n o 1 ' t h e o t c r l o a c l
o p c r a t i o r ro l ' p r o t c c t i v c c l c ri c c p n r t c c t i r c c l c ri c c
ri ithin thc tintc statcd
t h c r r n a Ic o n d u c t i v i t y ' wnr-lK-l 5t3.7
d e s i u r re r r r r e l t t t l 'c i l c L r i t 4 3 - 1L. l
| .
k nrutcrial lirctor takcn liorl
r
,/\s
-nllI -
-l
.11,+.5.1
clcsigtt cLlfrcnt lirr ctllrclLrctork A p p r 1 0 .S c cl Tablc4i.l
l(- \- c n c r g v u i t h s t a n col l ' c a b l c

^ l
,/\-s -+l-+.5.1
35
,1.13
.1.-1 t tirnc (pcriocl) .+1.1.5.1
k,r fc(hlctiolr lirctor basccl ort tlte ratio
t l l ' s t r i l < c sl r c t r rc c n o r c r h c a c l l i n c s
artrl uttclcrgroutrclscrcctrcclcablcs
tl, t t t a r i t t l t t r t ll l c r n l i t l c c l I t t l r t l l a l
'( Appr .1.Scc {'
.1.13.1..+ t t p c r a ti r tg c o l l c l u c t ( ) rt c l l l p c r a l t l r c
k1 tl,pical rccluctionluctor lirr a
lratt s lirrnrcr 4 | I .(r..1
t-l voltagc bctu ccn litrcs
( r n V t A r ' r - c s i s t i cr v o l t a u c t l r o l . l IttV'A-l rtr-l r\ppr ;1.Scc (r

nr )r pcf alrllcrc llcf lllclrc Ut' p o r i c r l i c r l u c n c v l i r t r l tr o l t a g c t h a t 112.t.2
l u l l p c a r si n t h c l o r i r o l l a g c s v s t c l l t
(nrV/At fcacti\ c r oltagc dlop ttr\"A-l ttt-l A p p r - 1 .S c c 6
bct$ ccn crltosctl-cottdtrclir c-lllrrts
nr)r p c f a r l r p c f ep c f n l c t r c
anrl callh lirr thc clurltlionol'thc lhLrlt
( n r V / A / i r n p c t l a n c c r t l l t a g c t l r o l . ll t c r rllVA-l rll-l , A p p r- 1 .S c c 6
[ ] e cSt ( o p c n - c i r c u i tr o l t a g c t t n t l c r 712.4/+.1.1
|r'r)7 an.lpcfc pcr nletrc
s t a n t l a r r lt c s t c o l t d i t i o t t s
n n r n t t l r c r , r l ' e i r e t r i tisr t l ! l r , t t r 1 r Appr -1S

. c c1 . 3 . i . l
tr.. r o l t a g c a t l c s t c l c c t r o c l ct o l l l r r t h Appr I3.S.,
( u I t c n n r c a s u r i n gi n s t r l a t i o r t
12 l l < ) r l c s i s t a n c co l ' l ' l o o r sa l r c lu a l l s )
R. r c s i s t a n c co 1 ' s u l . r p l c n r c n t a r r "
bonclingcor.trluctor
U0 nonrirtala.c rttts T a b l c' 1 1. l
It r t h c s u r r o l ' 1 h e r c s i s t u r t c c os l ' t h c () " +| L 5 . 3 [:arth
carth clcctrodc antl thc prolcctirc
LJI 1.loucr licclrrcncvstl-cssI oltagc V 112.t.2
concluclorconnccting it to thc
bctu ccrt thc linc contluclttr arttl 1hc
c r p o s c c l - c o n c l r t ci rt c - p a r t s
crposctl-ctltrcltrctirc-1tar1s tll'thc lou
A l s o c l c l l n c c la s " t h c r c s i s t a n c c t l l ' 112.1.) r oltagc cr1ttiltttrctlt ()I' thc trallsI ()rlllcr
thc carthing arrangcntcntol'lltc s u b s l a l i o r ct l u r i t t gt h c l i r t r l t
c r p o s c c l - c o n d L r c t i v c - p a r t os l ' t h c
U: slrcss r oltagc
pou cr I'r-cclLrclrcv V 1,12.t.2
c r l r r i l . r n r c r or tl ' t h c l o u r o l t a g c
l.rctuccrt thc linc corttlucltlrlrrttltltc
irtstaIIation"
crposccl-cottcltrctir c-par1sol' thc ltlu
Ii3 r c s i s t a r t c co l ' l h c c a r t h i n g () 4 , 1 1 ..1l ol'thc lori r oltagc
r ollusc crlttil-uttcnt
a r r a l l g c u r c n to l ' t h c l t x r r o l t a g c irrslallatiortdurins thc lilLrlt
svstcln nctttntl" lirl lou roltagc
1, t h c i r r p c c l a n c cl r c t u c c n t h c l ( ) \ \ t2 , 1 , + l1. .l
s ) s t c n r si r r u l r i c h t l r c c a r l h i n g
r o l t a g c s v s t c t t ta t t t l a t t c a r t h i r r g
a r r a l t g c n r c r l l so l ' t h c l r a r t s l i t r t t ' t c t
a r n l ng c n l c l l t
s u b s t a t i o r at n d o l ' t h c l o r i r o l t a g e
svstcnr ncutral arc clcctricall1- o A p p r 1 0 .s . -
7.t l l r c i r n p c c l a r r c co l ' p a l a l l c l
i n c l c p c n r l c nt
contlttctor I
Ilt, r e s i s t a n c co l ' t h c c a r t h i n g o 142.t.2 '1,c

IJ Appr 2. Sc.-
that part ol'thc carth llttrlt looll
i l r r a n g c l l c n t o l ' t l r c l r a n sl i l n t t c r
inrpcdunccri hich is crlcrtral to
substatiott
thc installatiorr
I{r r c s i s t a n c co l ' t h c l i r u l t l) ,+'+l.l.l

7.f tlrc irlpcclancc ol'cotttlttctor k i2 A p p r 10 " \ , -
I{ t r c s i s t a n c co l ' I i n c c o u c l t t c t o tr l l ' a IJ .,\ppr -1.Schccltrlc ol'

!2 A p p r 10 . S . ,
7.,r, t h c i n r p c c l a n c co l ' p a r a ll c l
c i i s t r i b L r t i oonr l l n a l c i r c u i t t c s lr c s u l t s
c o n c l u c t r l rn ' t
I{. t ' c s i : l r t t t e, rel ' ei t ' e L r P

i tt r r l e e l i r c (2 A l t p r . 1 .S c h c d u l co l ' () l)art l
carth lirtrltloop irlpctlancc
c o n c l u c t o r( c p c ) o l ' a c l i s t r i b L r l i o n t c s tr c s u l t s
t r r ' l l r u rel i r e u i t .
L \ i n r p c c l a n c co l ' l l o o r i t t s u l a t i o t t A p p r 1 3 .S . -
s i z c ( n o n r i n u l c r o s s - s c c t i t , t r aal r c a t t r t t t l 5 - 1 i .| . l
ol'thc conductor')
7 . 1, n c r r t r a l - c a r t hl o o p i I r t p c c l a n c c o 'l I I .6..1
l
S 1 . . . . S l l r c r o s s - s c c t i o t taarlc l t r l I ' p a r a l l c l lll nl
-
A p p r 10 . S c c l ( I ' f s v s t c n r sr r i t h c l i s t r i b t r t c t l
cot.ttlttctrtrs n c u t r a lr l n l y)
St c r o s s - s c c t i o t t a l a l c a t l l ' c t t t r t l t t c t t t t ' kr t t r n l A p p \ 1 0 .S c c2 \) p h a s ca n g l c Appr 4. Sc,
cos O p ( ) \ \c r l a c t o r ( s i n t t s o i c l a l ) A p p r ' 1 .S c .
36
PART 3
S c cr 6
o F G E N E R A Lc H A R A c r E R r s f l c s
ASSESSMENT
CONTENTS
301 A s s e s s m e n t o f g e n e ra l c h a racteri sti cs
C H A P T E R3 1 , U P P L I E SA N D S T R U C T U R E
PURPOSES
311 Ma x i mu m d e ma n d a n d d i v e rsi ty
312 A rra n g e m e n t o f l i v e c o n d uctors and type of earthi ng
312.1 General
312.2 N u m b e ra n d t y p e o f l i v ec o n d u c t o r s
312. 3 T y p e o f e a rth i n ga rra n g e m e nt
313 Supplies
3 13 . 1 General
313. 2 S u p p l i e sfo r s a fe tys e rv i c e sand standbysystems
314 D i v i s i o n o f i n s ta l l a ti o n
C H A P T E R3 2 O F E X T E R N A LI N F L U E N C E S
CLASSIFICATION
CHA P T E R33 C O MP AT IB IL IT Y
331 C o m p a ti b i l i ty o f c h a ra c te ri sti cs
332 E l e c tro m a g n e ti cc o m p a ti bi l i ty
CHA P T E R34 MA IN T A IN A BIL IT Y

341 Ge n e ra l
CHA P T E R35 S AF E T Y S ER VIC ES

351 Ge n e ra l
352 C l a s s i fi c a ti o n
C H A P T E R3 6 C O N T I N U I T YO F S E R V I C E
361 Ge n e ra l
37
Editions
T h e f b l l o w i n ge d i t i o n sh a v eb e e np u b l i s h c d :
F I R S TE D I T I O N 'Rules
Entitlecl a n d R e g u l a t i o nlso r t h e P r e v e n t i oonf F i r e R i s l < s
Arising ir-onrE,lectricLighting'. Issuedin lll82.
S E C O N DE D I T I O N I s s u e di n 1 8 8 8 .
THIRD EDITION E n t i t l c d' G e n e r aR l u l c sr e c o n . r r n e n df e bdr W i r i n g f b r t h e S u p p l yo f
E l c c t r i c aFl . n e r g y t' .s s L r cidn 1 8 9 7 .
F O U R T HE D I T I O N I s s L r ci d n 1903.
F I F ' T HE D I T I O N E n t i t l e d' W i r i n g R r - r l e sI's. s L r ei cnl 1 9 0 7 .
S I X T I IE D I T I O N l s s L r ci nd 1 9 1 l .
S E V E N T I IE D I T I O N I s s r - r ci nd 1 9 1 6 .
EIGHTII EDITION E n t i t l e d ' R e g u l a t i o nl bsr t h e E l e c t r i c aEl q u i p r n e notf B u i l d i n g s ' .
l s s L r eidn 1 9 2 , 1 .
NINTH EDITION I s s u e di n 1 9 2 7 .
TENTH EDITION I s s u e ci nl 1 9 3 4 .
E L E V E N T HE D I T I O N l s s r . r ei n
d 1939.
R o , i s e d i. s s u e di n 1 9 4 3 .
Rcprintedr','ithnrinorAmcndments"1945.
S u p p l e m e ni st s u e dI. 9 4 6 .
RcvisedSection8 issr,red. lc)4[J.
TWELFTHEDITION I s s u e di n 1 9 - 5 0 .
S u p p l e r n e ni st s u e dI. 9 5 2 1 .
T H I R T E E N T HE D I T I O N I s s u c ci rl r 1 9 5 5 .
R e p r i n t e dl 9 - 5 8 .1 9 (Ir" 1 9 6 2a n d 1 9 6 4 .
F O U R T E E N T HE D I T I O N l s s u e ci n l 1966.
Reprintecl incorporatingAurcndurents, I 96t1.
ReprintedincorporatingAurcnchents.| 969.
Sr.rpplement on usein mctrictern.rs issued.I969.
A m e n d n r e n ti s s u e dI.9 7 0 .
Reprintedin nretricunils incorporatingAnrencfinents. lc)70.
R e p r i n t e d1 9 7 2 .
R e p r i n t e d1 9 7 3 .
Ar.r.rcr.rdr.nents issued.I 974.
R e p r i n t c di n c o r p o r a t i nAgm e n d r n e n t s1,9 11 .
A m e n d r . n e ni tsss u e d|"9 7 6 .
Reprintecl incorporatingAmendntcnts.1976.
F I F T E E N T HE D I T I O N l - . n t i t l e'cRl e g u l a t i o nfsb r E l e c t r i c aIln s t a l l a t i o n s ' .
l s s u e di n l 9 8 l . ( R e dC o v e r )
AmenchrentsissLred. I JanLrary 1983.
ReprintedincorporatingAmendn.rcr.rts, I 91J3. (CrccnCover)
Anrendnrents issued.1 May 198.1.
ReprintedincorporatingArrendments.I 984.(Yellou,Cover)
Arlcndr.nents issued.I .lanuary1985.
Arrcndurentsissued.I .lanuary1986.
Reprinted i n c o r p o r a t i nAum e n d r r c n t s1, 9 8 ( r(.B l u c C o v c r )
A r n e n d r . n e ni st ss u e c l 2 " J u n e1 9 8 7 .
Reprintecl incorporatingAr.r.rcndurents, I 987. (Brown Cover)
Reprintecl ivith nrinorcorrcctions,19138. (Brown Covcr)
S I X T E E N T HE D I T I O N I s s u e ci nl l 9 c )I . ( R e dC o v e r )
Reprintedii'itli rlinor corrections.1992.(RedCovcr)
I L e p r i n t eads B S 7 6 7 1: 1 9 9 2 .( R c dC o v e r )
A u r e n d m e nNt o I i s s u e dD . e c e m b e 1l 9 9 , 1 .
R c p r i n t e di n c o r p o r a t i nAgm e n d m e nNt o l . 1 9 9 4 (. G r e e nC o v e r )
A m c n d m e nN t c l2 i s s u e dD " e c e m b elr9 c ) 7 .
lleplinteclincorpot'atin-o AmendrncntNo 2, lc)97.(YcllorvCiovcr)
A m e n d m e nN t o 3 i s s u e dA, p r i l 2 0 0 0 .
B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0I i s s u e dJ"u n c2 0 0l . ( B l L r eC i o v e r )
ArnendmentNo I issned.Fcbruary2002.
Amencir.r.rcr.rt No 2 issued.March2004.
lleprintedincorporatingArnendrrcntsI and 2.2004. (Brown Covcr)
S E V E N T E E N T HE D I T I O N B S 7 6 7| : 2 0 0 8i s s u e d..l a r r u a r2v0 0 8 .( R e dC o v e r )
Joint IET/BSITechnicalCommitteeJPEL/64
CONSTITUTION
as at SePtember2007
E u r I n gN C F r i s w e lB ) E n gF I E E ( C h a i r m a n )
l S c ( E n gC
lor IET
J P CuttingCEng f-lEE
A D a l e yB T e c hC E n gF I E E M I M e c h E
P E DonnachiB e S c C E n gF I E T
E u r I n g G S t o k e sB S c ( H o n sC) E n gF I E E F C I B S E
G G W i l l a r dD i p E EC E n g M I E E JP
W H W r i g h tM A C E n g F I E E
and
K S i r i w a r d h a nBaS c E n g ( H o n sM) B A M S c C E n gM I E E M C I B S E M I H E E I \ ' (I A C E )
S A MacConnacher BSc CEng MIEE MInstR (Associationof Manutacturers of DomesticAppliances)
S Archcr MIDGTE (Association of Mantrf'acturers of Pou'cr Generating Systenls)
R Jefferis(ASTA British Electrotechnical ApprovalsBoard)
C K R c e dI E n g M I I E ( B r i t i s hC a b l c sA s s o c i a t i o n )
J M R H a g g e rB T e c h ( H o n sA) M I M M M ( B r i t i s hC a b l e sA s s o c i a t i o n )
P D GalbraithlEng MIET MCMI (British Electrotechnical & Allied Manuf-acturers AssociationLtd)
R F B LewingtonMIEE (British Electrotechr.rical & Allied Manufacturers Association Ltd)
P G NewberyBSc CiEngMIET (British Electrotcclinical & Allied Manufacturcrs Association Ltd)
S R W i l h n o r eM I E E ( B E A M A lnstallation L t d )
E u r I n g M H M L r l l i n sB A C l E n gF I E E F l l E ( B E A M A I n s t a l l a t i oLnt d )
P S a y e rI E n g M I E T G C G I ( B E A M A l n s t a l l a l i o n Ltd)
D Stead (British Standards lnstitution)
I C a h i l lM A M I E E ( B r i t i s hT e l e c o m m u n i c a t i opnlsc )
H R L o v e g r o v eI E n g F I E T ( C i t y & G u i l d so f L o n d o nI n s t i l u t e )
B Sensecall (ClentralHeatinglnstallationsRHE/24)
D r A S r . r nBgS c ( H o n sM ) S c P h DC E n gM I E E F C I B S ES T M I E E EM E I M H K I E ( l r ) ( C I B S E )
S Curtler IEng MIET (Conpetent personschemeoperators)
D Irlvin BEng(Hons)(DC PclwerUsersF-orutr)
B O ' C o n n e l lB S c B A ( H o n s )M E n g ( H o n sC ) E n gM I E E ( D e p a f t r x e notf ' H e a l t l r )
Eur Ing D J Williams BTechCEng MIET (Departrrcntfor Transporl)
W R B e r r yI E n g M I I E ( E l e c t r i c aCl o n t r a c t o r sA' s s o c i a t i o n )
D L o c k el E n g M l l E A C I B S E( E , l e c t r i c C a lo n t r a c t o r s ' A s s o c i a t i o n )
D Millar lEn-rrMIET MILE (E,lectrical Clontractors' Associationof Scotlandt/a SELECT)
D J StartBSc CEng FllrE (EnergyNetrvorksAssociation)
E u r l n g J T B r a d l e yB S c C E n gM I E E F C I B S E( E l e c t r i c aSl a f ' e t C y ouncil)
M C C l a r kB S c ( E n g M ) S c C E n g F I E E F I M e c h EF C I B S E( E l e c t r i c aSl a f - e tC youncil)
M W CoatesBEng (ERA TechnologyLtd)
M H a d l c y( T h eG A M B I C A A s s o c i a t i o L nt d )
K .l Moiton BSc CEng MIEE (Health& SafetyExecutive)
I P Andreu,s(Heating,Vcntilationand Air ConditioningManul'acturers' Association)
Eur Ing P HarrisBEn-u(Hons) FIHEEM MIEE MCIBSE (lnstituteof Healthcare Engineering andEstateManagerrent)
G C T P r i t c h a r dB T e c h ( H o n sC) E n g F I L E T c c h l O S H( l n s t i t u t i o n o f L i g h t i n gE n g i n e e r s )
K R K e a r n e yI E n g M l l E ( T h eL i g h t i n gA s s o c i a t i oLnt d )
B Pratlcl,(Lighting InclustryFederationLtd)
E u r l n g P D M e a k i nB S c ( E n gC ) i E n gF I E E ( M O D D e f e n c eE s t a t e s )
J M A n d r e w sB S c M l o D ( N A P I T )
.l EadeMIEE (Prof-essional Lightingand SoundAssociation)
.l RccdARIBA (Royal InstitLrte of British Architects)
I T r u e m a nI E n g M I E T M S O E M B E S ( S a f ' c t A y s s c s s n r e tFret d e r a t i o-nS A F e d )
P Wilson MlMechE (Saf'etyAsscsstnent FederalionLimited)
C .l TanswcllCEng MIET MCIBSE (Societyol'E,lectrical and MechanicalEr.rgineers servingLocal Government)
R B a t e sB S c ( H o n s()U N I T E A m i c u ss e c l i o n )
E,urIng.l Pcttil'erBSc CEng MIET FCQI (UnitedKingdomAccreditationService)
Sec'relury
G D C r o n s h a wI E n g F I E T
Preface
B S 7 6 7 l R e q u i r e m e n t s f b r E l e c t r iIcnaslt a l l a t i o n s t a k c s a c c o u n t o f t h e t e c hsnui cbas lt a n c e o f a g r e e m e n t s r e a c h e d i n
t'F.NELEC.In particular, the technicalintentof the fbllowingCENELECHarmonization Docur.nents is inclLrded:
CENELEC Harmonization Documentreference BS 7671 reference
prHD60364-
I 2U)7 Fundarrentalprinciples.assessment
ol' generalcharactelistics. Part l. Part2 (in part),
deflnitions Parl 3
H D r O E5 2 2 0 0 1 I d e n t i l l c a t i oonf c o r e si n c a b l e sa n d l l e r i b l ec o r d s A p p e n d i x7
III) -18,1..:t.,11 S2/AI 2002 Protcctionagair-rst clcctricshock Chaplc4 rl
r r D 3 8 . + . 4 .S421A 2 1 9 9 1 Protectior-r againsttlrelrral eflects f'haptcr 42
H D i 8 4 . 4 . 4 8521 1 9 9 7 Protectionagainstfire wherepafticularrisksor dangelcrist Chapterzl2
H D 3 8 4 . 4 . 4532 2 0 0 t Protectionagainstovercurrent Chapter43
H D 3 8 ; 1 . 4 . 4A7l 3 1 9 8 0 Applicationol'measures1'orprotectionrgainstor ercurrent Chapter43
I I D 3 8 ' 1 . 4 . 4S
4 l- l 2 0 0 0 Protcctionagainstovcrvoltagcs Section4zl3
p r H D6 0 3 6 2 1 - 5 - 5210 0 3 Selectionand erectionof equipment- Commonrules C h a p t e5r l
H D 3 8 4 . 4 . 4532 2 0 0 1 Protcctionagainstovercurrent Clhapter 53
p r H D6 0 3 6 4 - 5 - 5 42 0 0 4 Earthing arrangements, protectivecorrductors and Chapter54
protcctivcbondingconductors
r r D3 t i 4 . 7 . 7 S
14t 2 0 0 0 C)utdoorlightin_u installations S e c t i o n5 5 9
H D 6 0 3 6 4 - 7 - 7 1 5 2 0 0 5 Extra-lon' .,'oltageli-uhting instalIations Scction559
H D 3 8 ; 1 . 6 .5 62
1 2 0 0 3 I n i t i a lr , e r i l i c a t i o n Part6. Appendix | 4
HD 6036,1-7-7012007 Locationscontaininga bathor shorver Section70 I
r r D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0522 2 0 0 2 Su'inrr-r-ring poolsand othcrbasins Section702
H D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0 3 2 0 0 5 ltoornsanclcabinscontainingsaunaheaters Scction703
HD 603621-7-7042007 Constructionand demolitiorrsite installations Section704
HD 603621-7-7052007 AsricLlIturaland horticulturalpremises Scction70-5
I1D6036,1-7-70(r20()1 Conductinglocalionswith restrictedlrovernent Section706
H D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0 8 2 0 0 - s (laravanparks.campingparksand similal locations Section708
prHD60364-7 -109 2.007 M a r i n a sa n c sl i m i l a rl o c a t i o n s Scction709
r r D3 t i 4 . 7 . l7 1 2 0 0 3 E,xhibitions. shor,i,s and stands S e c t i o7 nl l
HD 60364-t-112 2005 Solarphotovoltaic(PV) porvcrsupplysvstems Section7 I 2
H D 6 0 3 6 4 - 7 -57 1 2 0 0 5 Extra-lorvvoltagclightinginstallatior.rs Section5-59
HD 60364-7 -i l7 200,1 Mobile or transportable units Section7 I 7
prHD6036.1-7-72 I 200X Electricalinstallations in caravansand motorcaravans Section72 I
prHD60364-7-1102006 Temporaryelectricalinstallations firr structures.
amusement devices Section7zl0
and boothsat lair-grounds. amusement parksand circuses
The datesin bracketsreferto the yearol'issueof'amendurents

to the HarmonizationDocument(HD).
BS 761I lvill continueto be amendedliom time to time to take accoLlntof tlie publicationof ne\\'or amended
CENELEC standards. Thc opportunityhas been takento reviseregulationsthat experiencchas shou,nrecluire
clarifrcationor to allow fbr new technologyand rnethods.
Ref'crence is rrade thror-rghout

BS 7671 to publicationsof the British Standarcls Institr.rtion.
both specifications
and codcsof practice.Appendix I liststhesepLrblicationsand givestheir full titlcs whereasthroughoutBS 7671
tlreyare ref'erred
to only by their numbers.
Whereref-erencc is made in BS 7671 to a British Standardu'hich takesaccountof a CENELEC Harmonization

Documentor EuropeanNonlr, it is understoodthat the ref'ercnce also relatesto any Europeannationalstandard
sintilarlyderivedfrom the CENELtsCstandard.althoLrgh accoLlntneedsto be takeno1'anynationalexernptions.
Note by the Healthand Safety Executive
T h e H e a l t ha n c lS a t - e tE y r e c u t i v e( H S E )w e l c o n r etsh c p u b l i c a t i o n o 1 ' B S7 ( r 7l : 2 0 0 8 ,R e q u i r - e r r e nf bt sr E l e c t r i c a l
I n s t a l l a t i o n sI ,E E W i r i n g R e g L r l a t i o nl sT t h E d i t i o n .B S 7 6 71 a n d t h e I E E W i r i n - r rR e g u l a t i o n sh a v e b e e n
extensivclyrclcrredto in HSE gr-ridance ovcr the years.Installations rr"hichconfirlrnto thc standardslaid dorvn
in BS 767l:2008 areregardcdby HSE as Iikely to achicveconftrrnrityu,ith thc rclcvantpartsolthe Illectricityat
W o r k R e g u l a t i o nls9 l i c ) E . x i s t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nrs. n a yh a v eb e e nd e s i q n e d
a n d i n s t a l l e dt o c o n f u r r r1 ot h c s t a n d a r d s
s e t b y c a r l i c rc c ' l i t i o nosf B S 7 6 7 1 o r t h e I E E W i r i n g R c g u l a t i o n sT. h i s c l o e sn o t r r e a n t h a t t h e y w i l l l a i l t o
achieveconfornrityrvith the relevantpartsof the Elcctricityat WclrkRcgulationslc)89.
Notes on the plan of the 17th Edition

The edition is bascd on thc plan agreed internationallyfor the arrangenlentof saf'etyrules fbr electrical
irrstallations.
The regulationnLrrrbcrirrglbllolvs the patternand corresponding

references
of IIIC 60364.Thc numberingdoes
not.thercfirre.necessarily Thc numberingsystemusediu Part7 is erplainedin Section700.
fbllorv scclucntially.
In the numberilrgsystemused,the lirst digit signiliesa Part,the seconddigit a Chapter.the third cligita Scction
d ti - q i t tsh e R e g u l a t i o n u r r b e r .F o r e x a m p l ct.h e S e c t i o nn u m b e r4 1 3 i s m a d eu p a s f b l l o w s :
a n dt h e s u b s e q u e n
P A R T4 _ P R O T E C T I O N F O RS A F E T Y
C h a p t e4 r 1 ( l i r s t c h a p t eor f P a r t4 ) - P R O T E C T I O A
N G A I N S TE L E C T R I C
SHOCK.
S e c t i o n4 1 3 ( t h i r d 4 1
s e c t i o no f C h a p t e r ) - P R O T E C T I V M
E E A S U R E E
: L E C T R I C AS
LE P A R A T I O N
principlcs.
Part 1 setsout the scope.ob.jcctand funclarncntal
the sensein which certaintcrmsare usedthroughor-rt

Part2 clef-ines the Regulations.
The sub.jccts partsare as indicatcdbelou':

of the sr"rbsecluent
Part Subject
3 of the installationthat rvill need to be taken into accountin
ldentillcationo[' the characteristics
choosingand applyingthc requirenrents ol'the subsequent Parts.Thcsecharacteristics rnayvary fiom
one part of an installationto anotherand should be asscsscd1br cach locationto be servedby the
installatior.r.
4 Descriptiono1'themeasuresthat are availablclbr the protectionof persons"propertyand livestock.
and againstthe hazardsthat may arisefiorn the rtseo1'electricity.
5 P r e c a u t i o n1sob c t a k e ni n t h e s c l c c t i o na n de r c c t i o no f t h e e c l u i p r n e o
n ft t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n .
6 Inspectionancltesting.
7 S p c c i a il n s t a l l a t i o nosr l o c a t i o n s p a r t i c u l arre c l u i r e m e n t s .
The scqucnccol'the plan shoLrldbc lbllou,edin consideringthe applicationo1-anyparticr-rlal

lecluirer.nent
of the
Thc gcncralindcx providesa ready ref-erence
Regulations. to particularregulationsby subject.bLrtin applying
any one regulationthe rcquircmentsof rclatcd regr-rlations should be borne in nrincl.Cross-ref'crences are
provided.anclthe index is arrangedto lacilitatethis.
ln tnany cascs.a group of associated regulationsis coveredby a side headingrvhichis iclentiflcdby a tu'o-part
number. e.g. 544.2.Throughor-rt the Rcgulationsu,herc rcfcrcnceis rnadeto sucl.ta two-part nunrber.thal
refbrenccis to bc takento includcall the inclividualregulationnurrberslvhich are covereclby that sidc heading
and includethat tu'o-nartnurnber.
10
PART 1
S C O P EO
, B J E C TA N D F U N D A M E N T APLR I N C I P L E S
CONTENTS
C H A P T E R1 1 SCOPE
'1
1 0.'1 General
1 14.2 Exclusionsfrom scooe
11 3 Equipment
114 R e l a t i o n s h i pw i t h S t a t u t o r y R e g u l a t i o n s
1 ' l5 I n s t a l l a t i o n si n p r e m i s e s s u b j e c t t o l i c e n s i n g
C H A P T E R1 2 O B J E C TA N D E F F E C T S
120 General
'24.4
N e w m a t e r i a l sa n d i n v e n t i o n s
C H A P T E R1 3 F U N D A M E N T A LP R I N C I P L E S
131 Protection for safety
'31
1 General
-
3 1. 2 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s te l e c t r i cs h o c k
'31.3
P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s t h e r m a le f f e c t s
'31
.4 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s to v e r c u r r e n t
-
31.5 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tf a u l tc u r r e n t
'3'1
.6 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tv o l t a g ed i s t u r b a n c e a
s n d m e a s u r e sa g a i n s te l e c t r o m a g n e t i cn f l u e n c e s
'31
.7 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tp o w e rs u p p l yi n t e r r u p t i o n
'31
8 A d d i t i o n sa n d a l t e r a t i o n tso a n i n s t a l l a t i o n
132 Design
'32.1
General
'32.2
C h a r a c t e r i s t i cosf a v a i l a b l es u p p l yo r s u p p l i e s
'32.3
N a t u r eo f d e m a n d
'
)2 4 Electricalsupply systemsfor safety servicesor standbyelectricalsupply systems
^
J2.5 E n v i r o n m e n t aclo n d i t i o n s
'
:2 6 Cross-sectionalarea of conductors
'
.2.7 T y p e o f w i r i n ga n d m e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i o n
'
:2 8 Protective quipment
'
:2 9 E m e r g e n c yc o n t r o l
'
:2 10 D i s c o n n e c t i ndge v i c e s
'
:2 11 P r e v e n t i o no f m u t u a ld e t r i m e n t ailn f l u e n c e
" :2 12 A c c e s s i b i l i toyf e l e c t r i c ael q u i p m e n t
'
:2 13 D o c u m e n t a t i ofno r t h e e l e c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o n
:2.14 P r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e sa n d s w i t c h e s
:2 15 l s o l a t i o na n d s w i t c h i n o
S e l e c t i o no f e l e c t r i c a le q u i p m e n t
1 General
2 Characteristics
3 C o n d i t i o n so f i n s t a l l a t i o n
J Preventionof harmfuleffects
. 1 4
E r e c t i o n a n d i n i t i a l v e r i f i c a t i o no f e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n s
::' Erection
'--
2 I n i t i avl e r i f i c a t i o n
i5 Periodicinspectionand testing
11
PART 1
S C O P E ,O B J E C TA N D F U N D A M E N T A P
L RINCIPLES
C H A P T E R11
SCOPE
110.1 GENERAL
suchas thoseo1:
applyto the dcsign.erectionand veriflcationofelectricalinstallations
The Regulations
(i) residentialpremrses
( i i ) c o m m e r c i apl r e m r s e s
( i i i ) p u b l i cp r e m i s e s
(ir,1 industrialprernises
( v ) a g r i c u l t u r aal n c hl o r t i c u l t u r aplr e m i s e s
( v i ) p r e f a b r i c a t ebdu i l d i n g s
( v i i ) c a r a v a n sc.a r a v a np a r k sa n ds i r n i l a rs i t c s
pulposesincluding
(viii) constructionsites.exhibitions,sholvs.tairgroundsand other installationsfbr ter.r.rporary
prof'essional
stageand broadcastapplications
(ir) nrarinas
( x ) e x t e r n alli e h t i n ga n d s i m i l a ri n s t a l l a t i o n s
( x i ) m o b i l eo r t r a n s p o r l a b u l en i t s
( x i i ) p h o t o v o l t a iscy s t e r r s
( x i i i ) l o w v o l t a g eg c n c r a t i n sg c l s
(riv) highrvaycquipurentand streetfurniture.
N O T E : " P r e r r r i s cc (s)"\ c rt\l r cl r r n rdn dr l l i l ei l i r r ur:r r c l t r d ibr ur gi l d i n ghse l o r r g itnogi t .
The Regulationsincluderequirerncnts 1br:

( x r , ) c i r c u i t ss u p p l i e da t n o r n i n avl o l t a g e su p t o a n d i n c l u d i n g1 0 0 0V a . c .o r 1 5 0 0V d . c . F o r a . c . ,t h e p r e f e r r e d
fi-equencies wlrich are takcn into accouutin this Standardare 50 Hz. 60 Hz and 100 Hz..The use of other
fiecluencies for specialpurllosesis not cxcluded
(xvi) r:ircuits,othcrthanthc intemalwiring ol'equipurcnt, operctingat voltagcscxceeding1000V anddcrivedfiom
. l e c t r o s t a tpi cr e c i p i t a t o r s
a n i n s t a l l a t i ohna v i n ga v o l t a g en o t e x c e e c l i n1g0 0 0 V a . c . .e . g .d i s c h a r g lei g h t i n g e
(xvii) wiring systerrsand cablesnot specificallycovereclby the standards fbr appliances
( x v i i i ) a l l c o n s L l m ei nr s t a l l a t i o ncsx t e r n atlo b u i l d i n g s
( x i x ) f i x e d r v i r i n gf i r r i n f o r n r a t i o na n d c o m r n u n i c a t i otne c h n o l o g ys, i g n a l l i n gc, o n t r o la n d t h e l i k e ( e x c l u d i n g
i n t e r n aul , i r i n go f e q u i p n r c n t )
(xx) additionsand alterationsto installations and also partsof the existinginstallationafl-ected by an additionor
alteration.
Thc Rcgulationsare intendedto bc appliedto clectricalinstallationsgenerallybLrt,in ccrtaincases,they uay need

to be supplerrented or recommendalions
by thc rcqLrirements o1-othcr British Standardsor by the rcquirerrentsof
thc personorderingthe lvork.
S u c hc a s c si n c l u d ct h c l b l l o u ' i n g :
( x x i ) E l e c t r i cs i g n sa n dh i g h v o l t a - ulcu n r i n o u d s i s c h a r gteu h ei n s t a l l a t i o n- sB S 5 5 9 a n d B S E N 5 0 1 0 7
( x x i i ) E u r e r g c n clyi g h t i n g- B S 5 2 6 6
( x x i i i ) I l l e c t r i c ael q u i p n r e nf ot r e x p l o s i v eg a sa t m o s p h e r e- sB S E N 6 0 0 7 9
t r u s ei n t h c p r e s e n coef c o u b u s t i b l ed u s t- B S E N 5 0 2 8 1a n d B S E N 6 1 2 4 1
( r x i v ) E l e c t r i c ael q u i p n t e nl b
a n da l a n l rs y s t c l n si n b u i l d i n g s- t l S 5 8 3 9
( x x r ' 1 F i r ed e t e c t i o n
'felecommunications
(xxl'i) s y s t e l x -s B S 6 7 0I
( x x v i i ) E . l e c t r iscu r f a c eh e a t i n -ssy s t c r x -s B S 6 3 5 1
s r o p e n - c a sntr i n e sa n dq u a r r i e s- B S 6 9 0 7 .
( x x v i i i )E l c c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o nl b
o 1 ' t e l r p o r a r yd i s t r i b u t i o ns v s t e m sd e l i v e r i n ga . c . e l e c t r i c asl u p p l i e sf o r l i g h t i n g ,
( x x i x ) D c s i g na n d i n s t a l l a t i o n
tcchnicalservicesarrdothcrentertainmcnt relatedllLlrposes BS 7909.
12
.10.2
E X C L U S I O N SF R O M S C O P E
, R c g u l a t i o ncsl on o t a p p l yt o t h e f b l l o w i n gi n s t a l l a t i r t n s :
r S y s t e m tsb r t h e d i s t r i b u t i o o
n 1 ' c l e c t r i c i t yo t h e p u b l i c
, R a i l w a yl r a c t i o nc q u i p r n e n rt o
. l l i n gs t o c ka n ds i g n a l l i n ge q i r i p m e n t
' Ecluiptrcrlto1' t.notorvehicles.except thosc to u'hich the reqLrilenrents
of thc Regulationscencerning
caravarls
or ntobileunitsare applicablc
. , [:qLripnrent
on boardshipscovcrcdby BS 8450
. , F.cluipment
of rnobilcand flxed oll.sl.rore
installations
. F.qr-ripntent
of aircrafi
I Radiointerf-ercnce supl)rcs5i1rneqrripnrr-nt.
cxceptso far as it all'cctssal'ctyof the clectricalinstallatign
r.I Lightningprotectionsystemstbr buildingsand structures coveredby BS EN 62305
\' ) Thoseaspcctso 1'lift installations
coveredby rel$,antpartsof B S 5(155and BS IrN 8 l - l
'.rr Elcctricalcquipntcntof utachincscoveredby BS EN 60201.
'11
Not used
112 Nof used
.13
EQUIPMENT
'13.1 I h c R e g u l a t i o nasp p l yt o i t e m so f e l e c l r i c ael q u i p r n c notn l y s o f a r a s s e l e c t i o a
n n ca
l p p l i c a t i o on f t h e
,- . Illlellt in the installatiottare concerned.Thc Regulaticlns do not deal witlr requirer.nents for the constructionol
"-'rllblicsof elcctricalcclLripmcnt. which are requircdto conrplyrvith appropriatcstandarcls.
.14
R E L A T I O N S H I PW I T H S T A T U T O R Y R E G U L A T I O N S
' 14.1 The Regulationsare lton-statutorv. They t.nay.howct,er.bc used in a court o1'law in evidcncetcl
rrl cotnpliancewith a statutoryrcquircment.The relevantstatutoryprovisionsare listed in Appendix 2 and
- .rt'lcAcls of Parliarnentand Regulationsrrade thereuncler.ln somc cases statLltoryRegLrlations ntay be
, - ' t r t p a n i ebc yl C o d e so f P r a c t i c e a p p r o v e du n d c rS c c t i o nl 6 o l ' t h e I l c a l t ha n d S a f e t ya t W o r k e t c .A c t 1 9 7 4 .T h c
- - , , 1s t a t u so f t h e s e( ' o d e si s e r p l a i n e di n S e c r i o nl 7 o f t h e 1 9 7 4A c t .
: l s t r p p l yg i v e n i n a c c o r d a n cue' i t h t h c E l e c t l i c i t yS a l b t y ,Q u a l i t ya n d f l o n t i n u i t yR e g u l a t i o n2s0 0 2 .i t s h a l lb e
-rlllecl hatthe connection i l ' i t h E a r t ho f t h e n e u t r a ol f t h e s u p p l yi s p c r r r a n e n tO. u t s i d eE n g l a n d S . c o t l a n caln d
.,,;s.confln.t.tation shallbe soughtfiom thc distributorthat thc sLrpplyconfbrntsto reclirirernenls corresponding to
' r ' t r f ' t h eE l c c t r i c i t yS a f - e t yQ. u a l i t ya n d C o n t i n u i t yR e g r - r l a t i o2n0s0 2 .i n t h i s r e s p e c tW . h e r er h c E S Q C Rd o r . r o t
' ' r . e c l t r i p n t efnctl ri s o l a t i o n
a n d s u , i t c h i n sgh a l lb c s c l e c t e ca lc c o r d i n g lay s s p e c i f i e d
i r rC h a p t e -r 5 3 .
INSTALLATIONS
IN PREMISESSUBJECTTO LICENSING
115.1 F o r i n s t a l l a t i o ni sn p r e r n i s eosv c r u ' h i c ha l i c e n s i n -our o t h e ra r - r t h o r ict vx e r c i s e as s t a t L l t o rcyo n t r o l .
, : c q u i r e l r e n t so l ' t h a t a r - r t h o r i tsyh a l l b e a s c e r t a i n eadn d c o n . r p l i e w
d i t h i n t h e d e s i g na n d e x e c u t i o no f t h e
.:-,llation.
I J
12
CHAPTER
OBJECTAND EFFECTS
120 GENERAL
120.1 so as to provide
This Standardcontainsthe rulesfbr the designand erectionof electricalinstallations
lbr safetyand properfunctioningfbr thc intendcduse.
'120.2 Chapter l3 statesthe fundarrentalprinciples.It docs not include detailedtcchnicalrequirements,
which may be subjectto modificationbecauseof technicaldevelopments.
120.3 This Standardsetsout technicalrequirements confbrm

intendedto ensurethat electricalinstallations
13.as follor.vs:
principlesof Cl.rapter
to tl.rcf undamental
Part3 of generalcharacteristics
Assessment
Part zl Protectionfbr saf-ety
Part5 Selectionand erectionofcquiptrcnt
Part6 Inspectionand testing
ParlJ or locations.
Specialinstallatiotts
Any intendeddeparturefiom thesePartsrequiresspecialconsideration by the designerofthe installationand shall

be noted on the Electrical lnstallalionCcrtificate specificd in Part 6. The rcsulting degree of sal'etyof the
with the Regulations.
installationshallbe not lcssthanthat obtainedby conrpliance
120.4 New materials and inventions
Where the use of a ncu, rnaterialor inventionlcads to departuresfiom the Rcgulations,the resultitlgdegreeof
Suchuse is to be
saletyoithe installationshallbe not lessthan that obtainedby complianccu,ith the Regulations.
notedon the ElectricalInstallationCcrtificatcspecifledin Part6.
C H A P T E R1 3
FUNDAMENTAP
L RINCIPLES
131 PROTECTIONFOR SAFETY
131.1 General
The requirements of this chapterarc intendedto providefbr the saf'etyol persons.livestockar.rdpropcrtyagainst

dangersanclclamagewhich may arisein the reasonable The requirements
usc ol clcctricalinstallations. to provide
of livcstockareapplicablein locations
lor the saf-ety intended 1brthem.
risk of iniury tnay resultfrom:

ln electricalinstallations.
(i) shockcurrents
likely to causeburns,fires and otherinjuriousc1l-ects
(ii) excessivctcmperatures
(iii) ignitionof a potentiallyexplosiveatlnospherc
(iv) undervoltages. influenceslikely to causeor resultin injury or damage
and electromagnetic
overvoltages
(u) mechanicalmovemcnt of electricallyactuatedequiprrent.in so f-ar as such injury is intendedto be
preventecl of non-
by elcctricaletnergencyswitchingor by elcctricalswitchingfor mechanicaltnaintenance
electricalpartsof suchequipmcnt
and/orinterruptionof saf-ety
(vi) powersupplyinterruptions services
(vii) arcingor burning.likely to causeblindingeflbcts.excessivepressureand/ortoxic gases.
131.2 Protectionagainstelectricshock
131.2.1 Basic protection(protectionagainstdirect contact)

\OTE: systernsand equipnrcnt.'basicprotection'generallycorespondsto proteutitrnirgainst
For Ioq'voltage installatior-rs.
'dircct contact'.
:r-:.:LrnS and livestock shall be protectedagainstdangersthat nray arise fiorn contact with live parts of the
' '- : . r l l a t i o n .
':: prcltection
can be achievedby one of the lbllowing rnethods:
r t Preventinga cllrrentfiom passingthroughthe body o1'anypersonor any livestock
: r Limiting the currentwhich can passthrougha body to a non-hazardous
value.
131.2.2 Fault protection (protection against indirect contact)

NOTE: For lon'r,oltage
installations.
systems ar-rd protcction'generalll'
cquipment.'f'aLrlt to protection
corresponds agaiust
-inclirect
contact'.
mainlt'withresarcl insulation.
to lailureo1-basic
,r'.rr1rS 3rd liveskrckshallbe protectedagainstdangersthat rnayarisefion.rcontactrvith exposed-conc|-rctive-parts

: . : n ga f a u l t .
-'
) pfotectioncan be acl.rievcd by one of the fbllowing methods:
i t Prcventinga currentresultingfi-oma faLrltfiom passingthroughthe body ofany personor any livestock
ir Lirriting the magnitudeof a current resulting1iorn a fault, which can pass through a body, to a non-
h a z a r d o uvsa l u e
;r Limiting the durationof a currentresultingfiorn a fault. which can passthroLrgha body, to a non-hazardous
timcpcriod.
. ,,,nnecticlnrvith f'aLrlt
protection,the applicationolthe methodof protectiveecluipotential
bondingis one of the
principlesfbr saf-ety.
:-.,1-lan1
131.3 Protection against thermal effects
131.3.1 The electricalinstallationshall be so arrangedthat the risk of ignition of flarnrnablematerialsdue tcr

- :.nrperaturcor electricarc is rninimized.In addition,duringnormaloperationof the electricalequipment.there
:'!' lrlilrimalrisk of bums to personsor livestock.
",31.3.2 Persons.fixed cquipmentand flxed matcrialsadjacentto electricaleqiripmentshall be protected

'-: harmfirl effectsol heat or thermal radiationen.rittedby electricalequipment,particularlythe fbllowing
.
. r-lLlellCeS:
Ctrnrbustion,
ignition.or degradation
of rraterials
R i s ko f b u m s
Inrpairrnent
of the saf-efirnctionof installcdequipment.
,. shallnot presenta flre hazardto adjacentmaterials.

..rl !-(lLripment
" 3' 4 Protection against overcurrent

-.rnrl livestockshall be protectedagainstinjury. and propertyshall be protecteclagainstdamage,due to
.' tenrperatLlres stresses
or electromechanical causedby any overcurrents likely to arisein live conductors.
*' :-= Pr',rtcction
canbeachier"ecl to a safe'n'alue
by limitingthco'n'crcurrent and/orduration.
'i"
- :'r othel'than live conductors.and any other parts intendedto carry a fault current.shall be capableo1'
- :r'.rtcurrentwithout attainingan excessivetelnperature. Electricalequipment,includingcondllctors,shall
.r-.rlri ith mechanicalprotectionagainstelectromechanical stresses of fault currentsas necessary to prevent
-:,,nilgeto pcrsons"livestockor property.
"':-: : : l i r c c o r . r c l u c t o r s . c o r n p l i a n c e r v i t h l 3t cl .g4ual sa st iuorne s t h c i r p r t r t e c t i o n a s a i n s t ( ) \ c r e u r r e n t s c a u s e d b y l i r u l t s
1tr
131 .6 protection against voltage disturbances and measures against electromagnetic influences
131.6.1 ancllivestockshall be protectcdagairtstinjury. and propertyshall be protectedagaiustany

Per-sorrs
o1'a lault betwcen live parts ol circuits supplied at tlil-fererrtroltages. in
harrrlul ef1'ccts.as a conscc'luelce
accordancc u'ith Scction442.
13,1.6.2 Personsand livcstock shall be prolectedagainstinjury. and property shall be protectcdagainst

as a consecluence
clarnage. q1-overvoltages suchas thoseoriginatingliom atuosphcriceventsor fionl srvitching.in
q'ith
accorclancc Scction 44J.
NOTE: lrorprotcction againstlightning sccBS LIN(r230-5'
strihcs.
131.6.3 pcrsonsar.rdlivestock shall be protectcdagainstinjury. ancl propeny shall bc protectedagarrlst

danrage. of unclervoltage
as a consecplcnce voltagcrecovcry.in accordance
iinclauy subsequcnt lvitlr Section'1215.
131.6.4 The installationshall havc an adequateIeVelof iurmunityagainstelectronta-enetic disturbances so as

T
t . t u n c t i o n c o r r e c t l yi n t h c s p c c i f i e de n v i r o n r n e n t . h c i n s t a l l a t i o d
n e s i g n s h a l l t a k e i n t o c o n s i d e r a t i otnh e
anticipatedelectror.lagnetic emissions.generatccl by thc installation or thc installed equiprnent. ivhich shall be
suitablelbr thc current-Lrsing cquiprrentusecl ."r'ith. or connectcd to. the installation.
131.7 Protection against power supply interruption
Wheredangeror dama-ec is expectcdto arisedue to an interruptionof sLrpply.suitablcprovisionsshall be made in

t h e i n s t a l l a t i oonr i n s t a l l e de q u i p m e n t .
131.8 Additions and alterations to an installation
No addition or altcration.temporarvor pcrmanent.shall be macleto an cxistirt-oinstallatioll.utllcssit has bcen

a s c e r t a i n ctdh a t t h c r a t i r . r ag n c lt h e c o n d i t i o no l ' a n y e r i s t i n ge c l u i p t r e n ti .n c l u d i n gt h a t o f t h c d i s t r i b u t o rr.i i l l b e
aclecluate fbr the altcredcircurrstalces.I-urthent.rrlre" the earthingand bonclingarraltgelrlctlls" if necessarr' lbr thc
protectivemeasureapplicdfbr the saf'ety of thc adclition or alteration. shall be adccluate.
132 DESIGN
132.1 General
to proviclelbr:
The clectricalinstallationshallbe designecl
u'ith Sectionl3l
(i) the protcctionof'persons.livestockand propertyit.ritccordauce
o l ' t h ec l e c t r i c ailr t s t a l l a t i t tl b
( i i ) t h c p r o p e rl u n c t i o n i n g trse.
r lr t h e i r l t c n d e d
t si t h w h i c h
T h e i l l b r m a t i o nr e q g i r c da s a b a s i sl b r d e s i g ni s s t a t e di n R e g u l a t i o n1s3 2 . 2t o 1 3 2 . - 5T.h e r c q t t i r c t n e nw
t h e d e s i - ssnh a l lc o m p l ya l c s t a t e di n R e g u l a t i o n1s3 2 . 6t o 1 3 2 . 1 5 .
'132.2 Characteristics of available supply or supplies
I l f b r p t a t i o n 6 1 t h e c h a r a c t c r i s t i cosf t h e a r , a i l a b l es u p p l y o r s u p p l i e ss h a l l b e d e t c r m i n e db y c a l c u l a t i o n .
l u l e r s u r e r n ce nnt .q t r i r lo r i t t s p e c t i o t t .
The lollorving charactcristics relbrredto in Regulation132.13to shou'

shall be included in thc docur.nentation
conlbnritl' rvith the Regttlations:
NOTE: Il'theclisrribLrtor changes thccharacteristics all'cctthesafetvof theinstallatiorr.
of thcpoucrsupplythistna,v
(i) Naturcol-cttrrct.tt: a.c.ancliord.c.
(ii) Purpose a t t dn u n r b e or f c o n d u c t o r s :
- fbr a.c. line condtrctot'(s)
ncutralcondttctor
protectivecondltctor
PLINconductor
lbrcl.c. concluctors live conductors.protectire
equivalenttcl those listed above(outer/rniddle/earthed
corrductor. PEN cortduclor)
( i i i ) V a l u e sa n dl o l e r a n c c s :
- notrinal voltagcanclvoltagetolerances
- norninal{iequencyand lr-eqrrency tolcranccs
- nraxln-lLlm currcntallor,vable
- prospectiveshort-circtrit cttrrent
- earthlaLrltloon irntlcdarlcc
16
( i v ) P r c l t c c t i vl cr e a s u r e isn h e r e nitn t h e s u p p l y c. . g .e a r t h e dn c u t r a ol r m i d - w i r e
(v) Particularrecluircr.nents ol thc clistribulor.
132.3 Nature of demand
T h e n r - r t n b earn d t y p e o 1 ' c i r c u i t sr c q u i r e df b r l i g h t i n g .h e a t i n g .p o w c r "c o n t r o l .s i g n a l l i n gc, o m n r r . n i c a t i cal n c l

rnfbrnration tcchncllogl," etc shallbe deternrined fiom knorvledgcof-:
(i) locationof pointsof'l.loivcrdemand
( i i ) l o a d st o b e e r p e c t e dc l nt h e v a r i o u sc i r c u i t s
( i i i ) c l a i l ya n dy e a r l yv a r i a t i o no f c l c r n a n d
t i l ) a n y s p c c i acl o n d i t i o n ss.u c ha s h a r m o n i c s
(v ) requirements tor control"signallirrg. courrnunication and inlorurationtechrrology. etc.
( v i ) a n t i c i p a t efdu t L r r de c n r a n di l ' s p e c i l i e d .
132.4 Electrical supply systems for safety services or standby electrical supply systems
\\'hcrc a supply lbr saf'ctyserviccsor standby electricalsupply systcnrsis specifiedthe fbllorving shall bt:
tleternrined:
( i ) C h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs' t h es L r p p l y
( i i ) C i r c u i t st o b e s u p p l i e db y t h e s a f - e tsyo u r c e .
132.5 Environmental conditions
132.5.1 Ecluiprnentlikcly to bc cxposedto r'veather.

corrosivcatlnospheres or otheraclverse
conditionsshall
or protectedas may be necessalyto prcvcntdangerarisingliour suchexposLlrc.
be so constructcd
132.5.2 E,quipmentin surroundin-os susceptibleto risk o1' flrc or cxplosion shall be so constructecl
or
and sLrchotherspecialprecautions
nt'otected, shallbc takcu.as to preventdangcr.
132.6 Cross-sectional area of conductors
The cross-scctional area o1-conductorsshall be dctcrmincd for both normal opcratingconditionsanc1.whcrc

.rpprclpriatc. tbr fault conditionsaccordingto:
r i t t l r ca t l r r r i s s i hr lnea r i r n u rtrcr r n p c r r i u r e
( i i ) t h e v o l t a g cd r o pl i n r i t
(iii) the electrourcchanical stresses likely to occurdue to short-circuitar.rdearthfault cr-rrrents
r ir ) othermechanicalstresses to which thc conductorsare likely to be exposed
(\ ) tl.tcr.naximum impcdancclbr opcrationof short-circnitand earthfault protection
i r i ) t h e m e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i o n
r ii) hanronics
, r i ) t h e r m a il n s L r l a t i o n .
132.7 Type of wiring and method of installation
r e c h o i c co f t h et y p eo 1 - r v i r i r .srygs t c uar n dt h e n r e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i osnh a l li n c l u d ec o n s i d e r a t i oonf t h c ' l b l l o u ' i n g :

r i) The natr-rre of the locaticln
r ) The naturcolthe structuresupportingthe u iring
r i t . A c c e s s i b i l iot yf r i ' i r i n gt o p e r s o n a
s n dl i v e s t o c k
\ ) Voltage
\ ) Thc clectromechanical stresses likely to occul clueto short-circuitand earthfault currents
. i ) Electroma-gr.rctic interf-erence
: ) O t h c r c x t e r n a il n f l u e n c e (se . g .r n e c h a n i c atlh. e m a l a n d t h o s ea s s o c i a t ewdi t h f i r e ) t o w h i c h t h e n i r i n g i s
l i k e l yt o b c c x p o s e cdlu r i n gt h e e r e c t i o no 1 ' t h ee l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i oonl i n s e n i c c - .
'32.8
Protective equipment
- .huracteristics o1-protcctivc shall be deternrinedwith respectto their firnction,includingprotection

cqLripmcnt
- :r>1thc ct'fectsof:
, r)\ercurrcnt(overload.short-circuit)
, carthfhult cr-rrrcnt
f)\ crvoltage
Lrnclen'oltagc and no-r,oltage.
. .:'i)tcctiveclevicesshall opcratc at values of current.voltage and time which are suitably relatedto the
- i c l i s t i c so 1 ' t h ec i r c u i t sa r r dt o t h ep o s s i b i l i t i eosf d a n g c r .
17
132.9 Emergency control
Wlicrc in caseof dangerthere is the neccssityfbr imnrediatcinterruptionol'supply.an interruptingdeviceshall be

and rapidlyoperated.
and e1}'cctively
installedin sucha rvaythat it can be easilyrecognised
132J0 Disconnecting devices
Disconnccting devicesshallbe providedso as to permitswitchingand/orisolationol'the electricalinstallation.

circuits
itemsof equipllentas requiredfor opcration.inspcctiolr,
or individLral testing.uaintenance
ftiultdetection. andrepair.
132.11 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence
The electricalinstallationshall be arrangedin sucha rvay that no mutualdetrimentalinfluencewill occur betu'ecn

electricalinstallalions
and non-electricalir.rstallations.
Electromagnetic shallbc takeninto accctltt.tt.

inlcrl'ercnce
132.12 Accessibility of electrical equipment
Electricalequiprnentshallbe arrangedso as to atfbrdas may be necessary:

(i) sufllcicntspacclbr the initial installationand latcrreplaceurent ol'individualiterrs of electricalequiprnent
( i i ) a c c c s s i b i l i tlyb r o p e r a t i o ni r. r s p e c t i o tne. s t i n gt.a u l td e t e c t i o nm. a i n t e n a n caen dr e p a i r .
132.13 Documentation for the electrical installation

E.,,eryelectrical installationshall be providcd u'ith appropriatcdocumentation,incluclingthat reqr-riredby
P a r t7 .
R e g u l a t i o 5n 1 4 . 9 .P a r t6 a n dw h e r ea p p l i c a b l e
132.14 Protective devices and switches
132.14.1 A single-polefusc.srvitchor circuiLbreakershallbe insertedin the line conductoronly.

'132.14.2 cxcept rvhcrelinked. or fuse shall be inserledin an earthedneutral
No s'"l,itchor circuit-breaker,
conductor.Any linkeclsrvitchor linkedcircuit-breaker insertedin an earthedncutralconductorshallbe arrangedtcl
breal<all the relatcdlinc conductors.
132.15 lsolation and switching
132.15Jl EtJ-ectivemeans,sLritablyplacedfor readycperation.shall be providedso thatall voltager.naybe cut off

to preventor temovedanger.
ficltr evcrycircuitthcreofandliorn all equipment.aslray be necessary
fiont everyinstallation"
132.15.2 Every lixcd clectric rrotor shall be providcd u'ith an efJlcientmeans of switching o11,readily
casilyoperatedand so placedas to preventdanger.
acccssiblc.
133 S E L E C T I O NO F E L E C T R I C A LE Q U I P M E N T
133.1 General
133.1.1 shall compll, ri,'iththe appropriateBritish Standard.In the absenceo1-an
Lvcry itent of equipn.rent
shall be nradcto the appropriateIEC standardor the appropriatenational
appropriatcBritish Standard.ret'ercnce
standardof anothercountry.
133.1.2 Whcrc thcrc are no applicablestarrdalcls.thc item of cquiprnentconcernedshall be sclectedby
spccialagrccrnent
betu'eenthe personspecilyingthe installationand the installer.
133.1.3 e i t h R c g u l a t i o n1 3 3 . 1 . 1o r i s u s e do r - r t s i dt eh e
W h e r ee q u i p n t e ntto b e u s e di s n o t i n a c c o r d a n cw
scopcof ils standard.the designeror other pcrsonresponsiblefbr specilyingthe installationshall conflrm that the
prot,idesat leastthe sariredegrecof saf-ety
eqr-ripn.rent as that affordedby cornpliancewith the Regulations.
133.2 Gharacteristics
Flvery itern of electricaleqLripurent sclectedshall have suitablecharactcristics appropriateto the valr-resand

conditionson ri,hichthc clcsignof the clectrical (scc
installation Section132)is basedarrdshall,in parlicular,fulfil
t
t h e r e q u i r e n r e not sf R e g u l a t i o n1s3 3 . 2 . I o 1 3 3 . 2 . 4 .
133.2.1 Voltage
lrlectricalecluipnrent voltage(nns valuefbr a.c.)likely to

shallbe suitableu'ith respeclto the maximumsteady-state
be appliecl.as r'r'ellas ovcrvoltageslikely to occur.
to takeaccount
tt mal alsobc necessar-v
NOTE: Forcertainecluipnrent. voltagelikelyto occur'.
of'thelorvest
'18
'-.22
Current
- :.lLripttrct.tt shall bc selectedu'ith respectto the nraxiururnsteadycurrent(rrrs valLrefbr a.c.)r.i'hichit has
'' :tirt'tttal scrviceand with respectto the currentlil<elyto be carricclin abnorntalconditionsand thc pcrioci
- - . . , : i t t st i r n eo l ' p r o t e c t i vdee v i c e si.1 ' a n y d) u r i n gu , h i c hi t n . r a yb e e x p e c t c d
t c lf l o u ' .
"-:23 Frequency
' - : . h a l l b e s u i t a b l ef b r t h c l i c q u c n c i e lsi l < e l yt o o c c L lirn t h ec i r c r - r i t .
"-:2 4 Power
- . , c . p t i p t n e nltv h i c h i s s e l e c t e do n l h e b a s i so f i t s p o u ' e rc h a r a c t e r i s t i cssh a l l b e s u i t a b l cf o r t h e d L r 1 1 ,
. : . t o l - t l t ec c l u i p n t e nt la. k i r . rign t oa c c o u ntth e l o a df a c t o ra n c tl h e n o r r n asl e r v i c cc o n d i t i o n s .
'
:: 3 Gonditionsof installation
-,,. r'c1t-tiptnent shall be selectedso as lo withstandsafely the stresses, the envirclnmental conditions(see
- . , J r t1 3 2 . 5 )a n d t h c c h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs i t s l o c a t i o nA
. n itcrr of'ccluipnren
u t, h i c hd o e sn o t b y d c s i g nh a v et h e
. ,r C()rresponding to its locationmay be usecln'hereadequatelurtherprotectionis providedas part of thc
- . : J c ' l c c t r i c ai nl s t a l l a t i o n .
'
-r J Prevention of harmful effects
, --::rcal cqr-ripmerrt shallbe selectedso that it \r,ill not car-rse harnrfulell-ectson other equiprr.rcltt
or inrpairthe
' . : L r r j nngo r m a ls e r v i c ei.n c l i r d i n gs u , i t c h i n g
operations.
". l-! Frrlttplesof characteristics
n'hicharclikclyto haveharnrlirl
efltctsaregivcnin Chapter
-33.
.
.,.! E R E C T I O N A N D I N I T I A L V E R I F I C A T I O NO F E L E C T R I C A L I N S T A L L A T I O N S
':j 1 Erection
' :: 1,1
Good u'orkmanshipby competentpersonsor personsunclertheir supcrvisior.r and propcr rraterials
- - . L t : c ci nl t h e e r c c t i o no l ' t h c c l c c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o nE. l e c t r i c a l
e c l u i p m c nsth a l lb e i n s t a l l c di n a c c o r d a n crc, v i t l t
. . :.rctionsprovidedby the manuf-acturer o1'theequipntcnt.
'
:'! 1.2 T h e c h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs t h e e l e c t r i c ael q u i p r n e n at .s d e t e r u r i n eicnl a c c o r d a r r cwei t h S e c t i o n1 3 3 .s h a l l
-, ::rpuir-ecl by the processof erection.
':-1 (-'ondr"rctors
13 shall bc idcntitledin accordance u,itli Section-5lzl. Where idcntiflcationof terminalsis
. , . . . , r . ) .t h e ys h a l lb e i d c n t i f i e idn a c c o r d a n cwei t h S e c t i o n 5lrl.
'
:! 1.4 E v e r y e l e c t r i c ajlo i n t a n d c o n n e c t i o ns h a l l b e o f p r o p e l c o n s t r u c t i o nr s r c g a r d sc o r . r d u c t a n c c .
,.. ,,n.rlechanicalstrcngthand protection.
" iJ 1 5 Electricalecluiptrentshallbc installcdin sr-rch a lrannerthatthc designtempcraturcs
arenot excccclcd.
" jj '1
.6 Electricalcquipr.nent likely to caLrsc hi-shtclrperaturcsor electricarcs shall be placcclor euardedsc)
- i n i n r i z et h e r i s ko f i g n i t i o no f f - l a r n n r a bm
l ea t e r i a l s .
- : iltc tetnperatureof an cxposedpart clf electricalequipmcntis likcly to causcinjury to personsor livestocl<
-.,:rsltallbe so locatedor guarclecl
as to preventaccidentalcontactthcrervith.
'
:! 1,7 Wherenccessary pLlrposes.
fbr sal'c1y suitable\varningsignsancl/ornoticesshallbe provided.
'
:J 2 Initial verification
' :!
2,1 D L r r i n ge r e c t i o na n d o n c o m p l e t i o no 1 - a ni n s t a l l a t i o or .rr a n a d d i t i o no r a l t e r a t i o nt o a n i n s t a l l a t i o n .
^J:brL- it is put into sen icc-.rppropriateinspectionandtestingshallbc car-ried out bv collpetentpersor.rs to verify
'J r'!'rlr-lirelrents of this Standardhavebeenrnet.
- . , : . r ' i a tcec r t i f i c a t i o n
s h a l lb e i s s u e di n a c c o r d a n cwc i t h S e c t i o n6 3 1 .
'
:t 2.2 The designerof the installationshall rlakc a recor.r.rnrendation tbr the intervalto the first periodic
. ' : - i i L r l ta n dt e s ta s c i e t a i l eidn P a r t6 .
',3TE: I-helecluircments of Clhapter 34 (nraintainabilitl,) shouJd bc tal<en intoconsideration.
.J5
P E R I O D I CI N S P E C T I O NA N D T E S T I N G
'
)5.1 I t i s r e c o r n u r c n c ltehcalte v e r ye l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i oins s L r b j e c t et od p e r i o d i ci n s p e c t i o a
n n c tl e s t i n gi.n
' - : . r n c$c -i t h C h a p t c r
62.
19
CONTENTS
l n t r o d u c t i ot n
o B S 7 6 7 ' :12 0 0 8 4
N o t e so n t h e p l a no f t h e 1 7 t he d i t i o n 10
Part 1 S c o p e ,o b j e c ta n d f u n d a m e n t apl r i n c i p l e s 11
Chantor 11 Qnnno 12
Chapter12 Objectand effects 14
C h a p t e r1 3 F u n d a m e n t aplr i n c i p l e s 14
Part 2 Definitions 20
Part 3 Assessmentof generalcharacteristics 37
C h a p t e3 r '1 P u r p o s es, u p p l i e sa n d s t r u c t u r e 38
Chapter32 Classification of externalinfluences 39
Chapter33 Compatibility 40
Chapter34 Maintainability 4Q
Chapter35 Safetyservices 41
Chapter36 Continuityof service 41
Part 4 Protection for safety 42
Chapter41 Protectionagainstelectricshock Z+J
Chapler42 Protectionagainstthermaleffects o4
Chapter43 Protectionagainstovercurrent 70
Chapter44 Protectionagainstvoltagedisturbances and electromagnetic disturbances 78
Part 5 Selectionand erection of equipment 86
C h a p t e5 r1 C o m m o nr u l e s 88
Chapter52 Selectionand erectionof wiringsystems 96
C h a p t e5 r3 P r o t e c t i o ni s, o l a t i o ns,w i t c h i n gc,o n t r oal n d m o n i t o r i n g 110
Chapter54 Earthingarrangements and protectiveconductors 125
C h a p t e5 r5 O t h e re q u i p m e n t tJo
Part 6 I n s p e c t i o na n d t e s t i n g 155
C h a p t e6r 1 I n i t i avl e r i f i c a t i o n 155
C h a p t e6r 2 P e r i o d i ci n s p e c t i oann d t e s t i n g 162
Chapter63 Certification and reporting 163
Part 7 S p e c i a li n s t a l l a t i o n so r l o c a t i o n s 164
S e c t i o n7 0 0 General 164
Section701 Locationscontaininga bathor shower 165
S e c t i o n7 0 2 S w i m m i n gp o o l sa n d o t h e rb a s r n s 170
S e c t i o n7 0 3 R o o m sa n d c a b i n sc o n t a i n i nsga u n ah e a t e r s 179
S e c t i o n7 0 4 C o n s t r u c t i oann d d e m o l i t i osni t ei n s t a l l a t i o n s 181
Section705 Agricultural and horticultural premises 183
Section706 Conductinglocationswith restrictedmovement 188
S e c t i o n7 0 8 E l e c t r i c ai nl s t a l l a t i o ni ns c a r a v a n/ c a m p i n gp a r k sa n d s i m i l a rl o c a t i o n s 190
S e c t i o n7 0 9 M a r i n a sa n d s i m i l a lro c a t i o n s '193
S e c t i o n7 1 1 E x h i b i t i o ns h , o w sa n d s t a n d s 197
S e c t i o n7 1 2 S o l a rp h o t o v o l t a (i cP V )p o w e rs u p p l ys y s t e m s 200
S e c t i o n7 1 7 M o b i l eo r t r a n s p o r t a b ul en i t s 204
Section72'1 Electricalinstallations in caravansand motorcaravans 209
Section740 Temporaryelectricalinstallations for structures, amusementdevicesand
boothsat fairgrounds, amusementparksand circuses 219
S e c t i o n7 5 3 F l o o ra n d c e i l i n gh e a t i n gs y s t e m s 224
APPENDICES 227
1 BritishStandardsto whichreferenceis made in the Regulations 228
2 Statutoryregulatrons and associatedmemoranda 240
3 Time/current characteristics of overcurrentprotectivedevicesand rcds 243
4 Currentcarrying capacityand voltagedropfor cablesand flexiblecords 252
5 Classification of externalinfluences 318
6 Modelformsfor certification and reporting 331
7 Harmonizedcablecorecolours 342
B Current-carrying capacityand voltagedropfor busbartrunkingand powertracksystems 345
9 D e f i n i t i o n- sm u l t i p l e s o u r c e d, . c .a n d o t h e rs y s t e m s 346
'10 Protection of conductorsin parallelagainstovercurrent 353
''1 Effectof harmoniccurrentson balancedthree-phase systems 356
'2
V o l t a g ed r o pi n c o n s u m e r si n' s t a l l a t i o n s 358
'3
M e t h o d sf o r m e a s u r i n tgh e i n s u l a t i orne s i s t a n c e / i m p e d a n o cf fel o o r sa n d
wallsto Earthor to the orotectiveconductorsvstem 359
'J
Measurement of earthfaultloop impedance:consideration of the increaseof the resistance
of conductorswith increaseof temperature JOI
'a
R i n ga n d r a d i a fl i n a lc i r c u iat r r a n g e m e n tR s ,e g u l a t i o4n3 3 . 1 362
-:ex 364
Foreword
t hr e d i r e c t i o no f t h e B r i t i s h E l e c t r o t e c h r l i cCaol r n r n i t t e (cB E C ) a n d
: r r . B r i r i s hS t a r r d a r ids p u b l i s h e crl- r p c l e
- n g i n c c r i nagn d
. h c l n s t i t L r t i oor1r E T c c h n o l o g y( l E T ) .
F o l l g ui n g a f u l l r c v i e u ,t,h. i s S t a n d a r rce' lp l a c e ct hl c l 6 t h E d i t i o no f t h e I E E W i r i n g R e g u l a t i o nBsS 7 6 7I : 2 0 0 1a s

. m ! - n d e dC. o p y r i g h its h e l dj o i n t l y b y T h c l l l T a n d B S I .
:
: Tc-chnical is vcstedin thc Joint IET/BSI TechnicalCommittcc.lPEL/64.This Joint
authorityfbr this Stanclard
Committee.u'hich is responsiblelbr the work previouslyundertakcnby thc IEE Wiring Rcgulatiotrs
Techr.rical
Corrnrittecand the BSI TechnicalConrlittee Ptrl/(r2l.rneetsthe constitutionaland operationalrcquirementsol'
b6th parcnt boclies.JPFIL/64has the rcsponsibilityfbr thc content of'this British StandardLrrrderthe joint
Board.
of the IET anclthe USI Standards
aLrthority
All rcl'crencesin this text to thc Wiring Rcgulalionsor the Regulation(s).u'here not othcrrvisespecifically
shallbc lakento ref-ertoBS 767l:200t1Requircments
iclentiflccj. lbr ElcctricalInstallations.
l n t r o d u c t i o nt o B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 8
o n l " . l a n u a r y2 0 0 1aJ n di s i n t e n d e tdo c o l r e
B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 fRj c c t L r i r e l l e uf ot sr E l e c t r i c aIln s t a l l a t i o nr sv a si s s t t e d
i r . r r c r e f J - e cl "t Jo un l y 2 0 0 8 .I n s t a l l a t i o n s c l c s i - q n c d a f t e r 3 0 ' h . l l t n e 2 0 0 S a r e t o c o r r p l y ul' :i 2
t h0B( )S81. 6 1
T h e R e g u l a t i o rar sp p l yr o t h ed e s i g ne. r e c t i o na n dv e r i l l c a t i o no f c l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i o nasl.s oa d d i t i o r .ar sn d

s a th a v eb e e ni n s t a l l e di u a c c t t r d a t r cuc' i t he a r l i e r
a l t e r a t i o ptso e x i s l i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nIsr.x i s t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nt h
editiols of the RegLrlations rray not colnply lvith this eclition in everyfespect.This doesuot neccssarily meiin
that thcy are unsal-e fbr continr,recl useor recluire upgrading.
B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 8i n c l u c l e cs h a n g c sn e c e s s a r tyo t r a i n t a i nt e c h n i c a la l i g n r . n e nwt i t h t I H N E L F . Ch' a r r r o n i z a t i o n

docur.nents. A sut.ntlaryof thc rnairlchangcsis given belou'.
-l'his
N O T E1 : i s n o 1a nc x h a L t s t li ivsct .
NOTE2: par.ticulrr attcntion is cl'rrvnto Section 701.this section norvallurvssocket-outlcts (otherthanSELVanclshaver
s u p p l l r r i t st o B S g N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 5 )bt oei n s t a l l ci dn l o c a t i o ncso n t a i n i nagb a t ho r s h o w c3r m h o r i z o n t a lbl ye y o n c l
t h c b o L r n c h r l 'o f z o n c l .
Regulation 131.6 acldsrcquirelrentsto protect against voltage disturbancesand irlplernent measures

agaigst elcctromagleticinf-lgcnces.ln doing so. the design shall take into considerationthc anticipated
eutissions.generatecl
electrorragnetic u'hich shall be suitablelbr
by the installationor the installedcquiprner.rt.
rl'ith.
useci
ccluiptr.rertt
the current-using or to"
ctlntlectcd thc installaticltl.
Regufation 132.13 requiresthat documcntationfor the electricalinstallation.including that recluireclby

f b r c v e r yc l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i o n .
c h a p t e r5 1 , P a r t6 a n d P a r t7 . i s p r o v i c l e d
Ghapter 35 Safety scrviccs,recogniscsthe need lbr saf-etyscrvicesas they are fi-equentlyrc-uulatcdby

statLlforyauthoritiesu'h6se requirelrcntshave to be observed.e.g. emergencyescapelighting. llre alarnl
systems"installations and heatcxlractionequipurent.
lbr flre pumps.llre rescueserl,icclifts. srncll<e
Chapter 36 Continuity ol- service.requircsthat an asscsslrentbe made fbr each circuit ofany need lbr
dLrringthe intcndedlif-eof the installation.
necessary
continuityol'serviceconsidered
Chapter 41 Protcctionagainstelcctricshock,nou' ref-ers to basicprotection,which is protectionundertlormal

conclitions(previouslyref-errecl to as protectionagainstdilect contact).and lault protection.rvhich is protectiotl
underfallt cclnditions(previoLrsly rcf'errecl to us protcctionagaiustindirectcontact).Chapter41 r.ror"'includes
y i v e r li n S c c t i o n4 l I c t l ' B S7 6 7 1: 2 0 0l .
t h o s er c q u i r e t r e n tpsr e v i o u s l g
Chapter41 now requircsthat fbr the prolectivclneasurctl1'autonraticdisconnectiotlof supply firr an a.c.

systeln,aclditionalprotcctionby nteanso1'anRCIDwith a ratedresidLral operatingcurrent(lrn) llot cxcecding
30 rnA lnd an operatingtir.ncnot cxceeding 40 rrs at a residual currentclf 5 l.rnbe providcdfbr socket-orrtlets
r.vitha ratedcurrentncltexcceding20 A that are firr r-rse
by ordinary persons and arc intendedfbr generaluse.
and lbr ntobilc ecluipmcntrvith a current rating not excecding 32 A fbr usc outdoors.This additional
protecti6nis norv to be plovidecl in thc evcnl of lailure of the provision lbr basic protectionand/or the
provisiop fbr fault protectionor carelcssness by users r:lf the inslallation. Note that cerlain exct-ptionsare
411.3.3.
pcrmittecl rcl'crto Regr.rlation
T a b l e s4 l B I . 4 l 8 2
C h a p t e4r 1 i n c l u d e sT a b l e s1 1. 2 .1 l . 3 a n d4 l . 4 l b r e a r t hl a u l t l o o p i r n p e d a n c c( rse p l a c i n g
and ztlD). Thcsc ner,vtablesare bascdon a not.uit.tttl voltagc of 230 V (not 240 V). hencethe valltesarc
:liuhtly-reducccl.It has been clarillcd that where an RCBO is rcf'erredto in theseTables"tlre overcurrent
c h a r a c t e r i s toi c1 - t h e
d o , i c c i s b e i n - cu o n s i d e r e d .
Chapter41 includcsa nerv Table 41.5 giving maxirruur valuesof carth f'aLrltloop irnpcdancefirr f{CDs to
B S E N 6 1 0 0 8 - al n dB S E N 6 1 0 0 9 - 1 .
F E L V i s r e c c l g n i s eads r p r o t c c t i r er r e a s u r e
a n dt h e n c w r e q u i r e m e n at sr ed c t a i l c di n R c g L r l a t i o4n1 1 . 7 .
C h a p t e r 4 l i n c l u d e st h c U K r c d u c e dl o u ' r ' o l t a g es y s t c m R
. e q u i r e m e nat sr eg i v e ni n R c g u l a t i o 4
n1 1 . 8 .
Chapter 42 Protection againstthenral efTects. includesrequirements in Section422 Precautions whcreparlicular

r i s k so l f l r e e x i s t( T h c s el e q u i l e r r c n t\s\ L ' r ep r e v i o u s l ys t a t e di n S e c t i o n4 8 2 o f B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 l0) .
Chapter 43 Protectionagairrst()\creurrcnt.includesthoserequircmcnts previouslygiven in Section473 of BS

l67 l:2001. Infbrmationor.rtl.rcovercurrentprotectionol'conductorsin parallelis given in Appendix 10.
Chapter 44 Protcctiorragainstvoltagedisturbances, includesa ncw Section442" Protectionof low voltagc

installationsa-uainst
tcrnporarvovcrvoltages due to earthfaultsin the high voltagesystemand due tcl faultsin thc
lor,"'voltagesysteln.This nov sectionprovidestbr thc sal'ctyof the low voltagesystclnunder lault conditions
includinglaultsin thc high voltagesystcln.lossof the supplyneutralin the lou'voltagesystelrand short-circuit
betweena line cclnductor and ueLltralin the lorv voltageinstallation.
Section 443 Protectionagainstovervoltages of atmosphericorigin or due to switching.retainsthc cxistingtexl

fr-onrBS l6ll and adds regulationsenablingdesignersto use a risk assessment approachrtu,hen designing
installations
ivhich may be susceptible
to ovcrvoltages
of atnrosphericoligirr.
Chapter 52 Selectionand erectionof wiring systems,now ir.rcludes

busbartrunkingsystemsand powertrack
systems.
It is now rccluirecl to proteclcablesconcealedin a *'all or partition(at a depthol'lessthan 50 mm) by a 30 mA
RCD where the installationis not intcndedto be underthe supervisionof a skilled or instructedperson.if the
nornralt'nethods of protecticlnirrcludinguse of cablcswith an earthedmetalliccovcring,rnechanicalprolcction
(includingusc of cablesu''ithan earthedmctalliccoverirrg.or tlechanicalprotection)cannotbe employed.This
appliesto a cable in a parlitionwherc the constructionincludesmetallicpartsotherthan fixings irrespectiveof
t l r cd e p t ho l ' t h ce u h l .e
Table52.2 Clablesurroundedby therrnalinsulation.givcs slightlyreducedderatinglactors,to takeaccounto1'the
availabiIitv o 1-rrateriaI lv ith i nrpror,'ed
therrnali nsulation.
Chapter 53 Protection.iscllation" sr,r'itching. control and r.nonitoring. Simplilicationmcausthat rccluircmcnts

p r e v i o u s l yi n C h a p t c r4 6 " S e c t i o n 4
s 7 6 a n d 5 3 7 o 1 ' B S7 6 7l : 2 0 0I a r en o w i n t h i s s i n g l ec h a p t e rC. h a p t e r5 3 a l s o
includesa new Section532 Dcviccslbr protectionagainstthe risk of flre, and a new Section538 Monitoring
clevices.
Chapter 54 Earthingarrangelrents and protectivcconductors. The requirer.nent

that a mctallicpipe of a \\'a1cr
Lrtilitysupplyshallnot bc useclas an carthelectrodeis retainedin Rcgulation542.2.4which also statesthat other
rnetallicwater supply pipeworkshall not be usedas an earthelectrodeunless;lrecautions are taken againstits
retrovaland it hasbeenconsideredfbr sucl.ta use.An exaurplc- of othermetallicwater supplypipelvorkcould bc
a privatelyowncd u'atersupplynetrvork.
A noteto RcgLrlation 543.4.1statesthat in Grcat Britain.rcgulation8(4) ol'thc ElectricitySal'ety,Quality and

Continuity Regulations2002 prohibils the use of PEN conductorsin consumers'installations.Regulation
543.7 has earthingrecluircr.nents lbr the installationof equiprnenthavinghigh protectivecurductorcurrents.
p r e v i o u s l yi n S e c t i o n6 0 7 o f B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0 1 .
Chapter 55 Othcr ccluiprnent" includesncw additionalrequirenrents in Regulation551.7 to ensurcthc sal-e

connectiot.t gcneratin-e
o1'lor"'r,oltage setsincluclingsuall-scaleernbeddcd (SSEGs).
generators
Section 559 Lurninairesand lightingirrstallations" is a neu''seriesol'Regulationsgiving recluirements fbr fixed

l i s l r t i n - ien s t a l l a t i o n o
s .u t d o o rl i g h t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o n e
s ,x t r a - l o wv o l t a g cl i g h t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o n sl i .g h t i n gt b r d i s p l a y
: t i l n c l s a n d h i g h r v a y p o w e r s u p p l i esst a r enectl t i r r n i t u r c ( p r e v i o u s l y i n S e c t i o n 6Bl lSoTf ( r 7 l : 2 0l0) .
Chapter 56 Sal'ctyservices.hasbeencxpandcdin line rvith IECIstandardization.
Part 6 lnsl.lcction and testing.u,asPaft7 o1'BS7671:2001.Changeshavc bcenrnadcto the requirements

: ' ' r i n s L r l a t i or e
ns i s t a n cw
e :h c n t e s t i r r gS F I L Va n d P E , L Vc i r c u i t sa t 2 5 0 V . t l r em i n i m u mi n s u l a t i o nr e s i s t a u cies
' . : r s c dt o 0 . 5 M O : f b r s y s t e n rus p t c la n d i n c l u d i n g5 0 0 V . i n c l u d i n gl ' E L V , t h c m i n i m u mi n s L r l a t i or ne s i s t a n cics
. , r . c (tlo 1 . 0M C ) .
PartT Spccialinstallations
or locations.u'asPart6 of BS 16ll:2001. The structureof Part 7 includesthe
f o l l o u ' i n gc h a n s e s .
Scction607 in BS 1671:2001relalingto liigh protectiveconductorcuffentshasbeenincorporatedinto Chapter54.
Scction608 in BS 1671:2001rclatingto caravans.lrotor caravansand caravanparkshasbccn incorporated into
Section708: L,lcctrical installations in caravan/campingparksand similarlocationsand Section721: Electrical
i n s t a l l a t i o ni sn c a r a t , a nasn dm o t o rc a r a v a n s -
S e c t i o n 6 l l i n t s S l ( t 7l : 2 ( 1 0 r1e l a t i n g t o h i - e h w a y p o w e r s u p p l i e s i s n o w i n c o r p o r a t e d i n t o S e c t i o n 5 5 g .
The following major changes are incorporated in PartT:

Section 701 Locationsconlaininga bathtub or shou'erbasin.
7.one3 is no longcrdeflned.
E a c hc i r c u i ti n t h e s p c c i al o c a t i o nm u s th a v e3 0 r r , A R C D p r o t e c t i o n .
Supplemcntary bonclingis no longerrcquiredprovidingthc iristallationhas main bondingin accordance
with
C h a p t e4r 1 .
T h i s s e c t i o nn o w a l l o u ' ss o c k e t - o u t l c(tos t h e rt h a nS E L V a n d s h a v c rs u p p l yu n i t st o B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 5t)o b e
instnlledin locationscontaininga bathor shower3m horizontallybeyondthe boundaryof zone l.
Section 702 Swirnmingpools and other basins.This speciallocationnow includcsbasinsof fbr-rntains.
Zones
A , B a n cC
l i n B S 1 6 71 : 2 0 0| a r er e p l a c e d
b y z o n e s0 . I a n d2 .
S e c t i o n 7 0 3 R o o r r sa n d c a b i n sc o n t a i n i n gs a u n ah e a t e r sZ. o n e sA . B . C a n d D i n B S 7 6 71 : 2 0 0I a r e r e p l a c e d
l ( w i t hc h a n g e d i m e n s i o n s ) .
b y z o n e sl . 2 a n c 3
Section 704 Construction and denrolitionsile installations.
The reduceddisconnection
tirnes(0.2 s) andthe 25 V
eclutrtiotr
no Iongcrappcar.
Section 705 AsricultLrral prcmises.
andhorticultural The redr-rced times(0.2s) andthe25 V equation
discor.rnection
no lottgerappcaf.Additionalrequirementsapplicablcto lif-esupportsystemsare included.
S e c t i o n T 0 6 C o n d L r c t i n g l o c a t i o n s w i t h r c s l r i c t c d m o v e m e n t . u , a s S e c t i o n 6 0 6 i n B S. l 6 T l : 2 0 0 1
Section 708 Elcctricalinstallations in caravanicamping parksand similarlocations. now includesthe requirement
t h a te a c hs o c k e t - o u t l rcnt u s tb c -p r o ri d c d i n d i r i d u a l l l ' u ' i t ho v e r c u r r e natn d R C D p r o t e c t i o n .
The following new sections are now included in Part 7:

S e c t i o n 7 0 9 M a r i n a sa n d s i r n i l a rl o c a l i o n s
S e c t i o n 7 1 1 E x h i b i t i o n ss"l . r o r vasn ds t a n d s
S e c t i o n 7 1 2 S o l a rp h o t o v o l t a i(cp v ) p o r v e rs u p p l , sv v s t e t n s
S e c t i o n 7 1 7 M o b i l co r t r a n s p o r l a b ul en i t s
Section 721 Electricalinstallations
in caravans
and mntorcaravans previouslyin Section608 of BS 7671:2001
Section 740 Terttporaryclcctricalinstallationsfbr structures.amusementdevicesand boothsat fairgrounds.
amLlselrent
parksand ctrcllses
S e c t i o n 7 5 3 F l o o ra n dc e i l i n gh c a t i n gs y s t e m s .
Appropriatechanseshavebeenmadeto Appendices 1 to 7.
i n p a r t i c u l atrh c n t e t h o d as n dt a b l e su s e di n A p p e n d i x 4 .
The following new appendices are now included:

Appendix 8 Current-carrying
capacityand voltagcdrop for br,rsbar
trunkingand powertracksystems
Appendix 9 Deflnitions multiplesollrce,d.c. and othersystents
Appendix 10 Protcctiono1-condirctors
in parallelagainstovercurrent
Appendix 11 Eff-ectol'hannoniccurrentson balancedthree-phase
systcms
A p p e n d i x 1 2 V o l t a g ed r o p i n c o n s u r r e r si n
' stallations
Appendix 13 Methodsfbr measuringthe insLrlation resistance/impedance
of f'loorsanclu,allsto Earlh
or to the protcctiveconductorsysteln
Appendix 14 Measuremen o tf e a r t hl ' a u l tl o o pi m p e d a n c e :
consideratiot.t
of the increaseof the resistance olconductorswith increaseof temoerature
A p p e n d i x 1 5 R i n ga n c rl a c l i afll n a l c i r c L r iat r r a n g c m e n tR
s .e g L r l a t i o4n3 3 . 1
CONTENTS
l n t r o d u c t i ot n
o B S 7 6 7 ' :12 0 0 8 4
N o t e so n t h e p l a no f t h e 1 7 t he d i t i o n 10
Part 1 S c o p e ,o b j e c ta n d f u n d a m e n t apl r i n c i p l e s 11
Chantor 11 Qnnno 12
Chapter12 Objectand effects 14
C h a p t e r1 3 F u n d a m e n t aplr i n c i p l e s 14
Part 2 Definitions 20
Part 3 Assessmentof generalcharacteristics 37
C h a p t e3 r '1 P u r p o s es, u p p l i e sa n d s t r u c t u r e 38
Chapter32 Classification of externalinfluences 39
Chapter33 Compatibility 40
Chapter34 Maintainability 4Q
Chapter36 Continuityof service 41
Part 4 Protection for safety 42
Chapter41 Protectionagainstelectricshock Z+J
Chapler42 Protectionagainstthermaleffects o4
Chapter43 Protectionagainstovercurrent 70
Chapter44 Protectionagainstvoltagedisturbances and electromagnetic disturbances 78
Part 5 Selectionand erection of equipment 86
C h a p t e5 r1 C o m m o nr u l e s 88
Chapter52 Selectionand erectionof wiringsystems 96
C h a p t e5 r3 P r o t e c t i o ni s, o l a t i o ns,w i t c h i n gc,o n t r oal n d m o n i t o r i n g 110
Chapter54 Earthingarrangements and protectiveconductors 125
C h a p t e5 r5 O t h e re q u i p m e n t tJo
Part 6 I n s p e c t i o na n d t e s t i n g 155
C h a p t e6r 1 I n i t i avl e r i f i c a t i o n 155
C h a p t e6r 2 P e r i o d i ci n s p e c t i oann d t e s t i n g 162
Chapter63 Certification and reporting 163
Part 7 S p e c i a li n s t a l l a t i o n so r l o c a t i o n s 164
S e c t i o n7 0 0 General 164
Section701 Locationscontaininga bathor shower 165
S e c t i o n7 0 2 S w i m m i n gp o o l sa n d o t h e rb a s r n s 170
S e c t i o n7 0 3 R o o m sa n d c a b i n sc o n t a i n i nsga u n ah e a t e r s 179
S e c t i o n7 0 4 C o n s t r u c t i oann d d e m o l i t i osni t ei n s t a l l a t i o n s 181
Section705 Agricultural and horticultural premises 183
Section706 Conductinglocationswith restrictedmovement 188
S e c t i o n7 0 8 E l e c t r i c ai nl s t a l l a t i o ni ns c a r a v a n/ c a m p i n gp a r k sa n d s i m i l a rl o c a t i o n s 190
S e c t i o n7 0 9 M a r i n a sa n d s i m i l a lro c a t i o n s '193
S e c t i o n7 1 1 E x h i b i t i o ns h , o w sa n d s t a n d s 197
S e c t i o n7 1 2 S o l a rp h o t o v o l t a (i cP V )p o w e rs u p p l ys y s t e m s 200
S e c t i o n7 1 7 M o b i l eo r t r a n s p o r t a b ul en i t s 204
Section72'1 Electricalinstallations in caravansand motorcaravans 209
Section740 Temporaryelectricalinstallations for structures, amusementdevicesand
boothsat fairgrounds, amusementparksand circuses 219
S e c t i o n7 5 3 F l o o ra n d c e i l i n gh e a t i n gs y s t e m s 224
APPENDICES 227
1 BritishStandardsto whichreferenceis made in the Regulations 228
2 Statutoryregulatrons and associatedmemoranda 240
3 Time/current characteristics of overcurrentprotectivedevicesand rcds 243
4 Currentcarrying capacityand voltagedropfor cablesand flexiblecords 252
5 Classification of externalinfluences 318
6 Modelformsfor certification and reporting 331
7 Harmonizedcablecorecolours 342
B Current-carrying capacityand voltagedropfor busbartrunkingand powertracksystems 345
9 D e f i n i t i o n- sm u l t i p l e s o u r c e d, . c .a n d o t h e rs y s t e m s 346
'10 Protection of conductorsin parallelagainstovercurrent 353
''1 Effectof harmoniccurrentson balancedthree-phase systems 356
'2
V o l t a g ed r o pi n c o n s u m e r si n' s t a l l a t i o n s 358
'3
M e t h o d sf o r m e a s u r i n tgh e i n s u l a t i orne s i s t a n c e / i m p e d a n o cf fel o o r sa n d
wallsto Earthor to the orotectiveconductorsvstem 359
'J
Measurement of earthfaultloop impedance:consideration of the increaseof the resistance
of conductorswith increaseof temperature JOI
'a
R i n ga n d r a d i a fl i n a lc i r c u iat r r a n g e m e n tR s ,e g u l a t i o4n3 3 . 1 362
-:ex 364
Foreword
t hr e d i r e c t i o no f t h e B r i t i s h E l e c t r o t e c h r l i cCaol r n r n i t t e (cB E C ) a n d
: r r . B r i r i s hS t a r r d a r ids p u b l i s h e crl- r p c l e
- n g i n c c r i nagn d
. h c l n s t i t L r t i oor1r E T c c h n o l o g y( l E T ) .
F o l l g ui n g a f u l l r c v i e u ,t,h. i s S t a n d a r rce' lp l a c e ct hl c l 6 t h E d i t i o no f t h e I E E W i r i n g R e g u l a t i o nBsS 7 6 7I : 2 0 0 1a s

. m ! - n d e dC. o p y r i g h its h e l dj o i n t l y b y T h c l l l T a n d B S I .
:
: Tc-chnical is vcstedin thc Joint IET/BSI TechnicalCommittcc.lPEL/64.This Joint
authorityfbr this Stanclard
Committee.u'hich is responsiblelbr the work previouslyundertakcnby thc IEE Wiring Rcgulatiotrs
Techr.rical
Corrnrittecand the BSI TechnicalConrlittee Ptrl/(r2l.rneetsthe constitutionaland operationalrcquirementsol'
b6th parcnt boclies.JPFIL/64has the rcsponsibilityfbr thc content of'this British StandardLrrrderthe joint
Board.
of the IET anclthe USI Standards
aLrthority
All rcl'crencesin this text to thc Wiring Rcgulalionsor the Regulation(s).u'here not othcrrvisespecifically
shallbc lakento ref-ertoBS 767l:200t1Requircments
iclentiflccj. lbr ElcctricalInstallations.
l n t r o d u c t i o nt o B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 8
o n l " . l a n u a r y2 0 0 1aJ n di s i n t e n d e tdo c o l r e
B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 fRj c c t L r i r e l l e uf ot sr E l e c t r i c aIln s t a l l a t i o nr sv a si s s t t e d
i r . r r c r e f J - e cl "t Jo un l y 2 0 0 8 .I n s t a l l a t i o n s c l c s i - q n c d a f t e r 3 0 ' h . l l t n e 2 0 0 S a r e t o c o r r p l y ul' :i 2
t h0B( )S81. 6 1
T h e R e g u l a t i o rar sp p l yr o t h ed e s i g ne. r e c t i o na n dv e r i l l c a t i o no f c l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i o nasl.s oa d d i t i o r .ar sn d

s a th a v eb e e ni n s t a l l e di u a c c t t r d a t r cuc' i t he a r l i e r
a l t e r a t i o ptso e x i s l i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nIsr.x i s t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nt h
editiols of the RegLrlations rray not colnply lvith this eclition in everyfespect.This doesuot neccssarily meiin
that thcy are unsal-e fbr continr,recl useor recluire upgrading.
B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 0 8i n c l u c l e cs h a n g c sn e c e s s a r tyo t r a i n t a i nt e c h n i c a la l i g n r . n e nwt i t h t I H N E L F . Ch' a r r r o n i z a t i o n

docur.nents. A sut.ntlaryof thc rnairlchangcsis given belou'.
-l'his
N O T E1 : i s n o 1a nc x h a L t s t li ivsct .
NOTE2: par.ticulrr attcntion is cl'rrvnto Section 701.this section norvallurvssocket-outlcts (otherthanSELVanclshaver
s u p p l l r r i t st o B S g N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 5 )bt oei n s t a l l ci dn l o c a t i o ncso n t a i n i nagb a t ho r s h o w c3r m h o r i z o n t a lbl ye y o n c l
t h c b o L r n c h r l 'o f z o n c l .
Regulation 131.6 acldsrcquirelrentsto protect against voltage disturbancesand irlplernent measures

agaigst elcctromagleticinf-lgcnces.ln doing so. the design shall take into considerationthc anticipated
eutissions.generatecl
electrorragnetic u'hich shall be suitablelbr
by the installationor the installedcquiprner.rt.
rl'ith.
useci
ccluiptr.rertt
the current-using or to"
ctlntlectcd thc installaticltl.
Regufation 132.13 requiresthat documcntationfor the electricalinstallation.including that recluireclby

f b r c v e r yc l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i o n .
c h a p t e r5 1 , P a r t6 a n d P a r t7 . i s p r o v i c l e d
Ghapter 35 Safety scrviccs,recogniscsthe need lbr saf-etyscrvicesas they are fi-equentlyrc-uulatcdby

statLlforyauthoritiesu'h6se requirelrcntshave to be observed.e.g. emergencyescapelighting. llre alarnl
systems"installations and heatcxlractionequipurent.
lbr flre pumps.llre rescueserl,icclifts. srncll<e
Chapter 36 Continuity ol- service.requircsthat an asscsslrentbe made fbr each circuit ofany need lbr
dLrringthe intcndedlif-eof the installation.
necessary
continuityol'serviceconsidered
Chapter 41 Protcctionagainstelcctricshock,nou' ref-ers to basicprotection,which is protectionundertlormal

conclitions(previouslyref-errecl to as protectionagainstdilect contact).and lault protection.rvhich is protectiotl
underfallt cclnditions(previoLrsly rcf'errecl to us protcctionagaiustindirectcontact).Chapter41 r.ror"'includes
y i v e r li n S c c t i o n4 l I c t l ' B S7 6 7 1: 2 0 0l .
t h o s er c q u i r e t r e n tpsr e v i o u s l g
Chapter41 now requircsthat fbr the prolectivclneasurctl1'autonraticdisconnectiotlof supply firr an a.c.

systeln,aclditionalprotcctionby nteanso1'anRCIDwith a ratedresidLral operatingcurrent(lrn) llot cxcecding
30 rnA lnd an operatingtir.ncnot cxceeding 40 rrs at a residual currentclf 5 l.rnbe providcdfbr socket-orrtlets
r.vitha ratedcurrentncltexcceding20 A that are firr r-rse
by ordinary persons and arc intendedfbr generaluse.
and lbr ntobilc ecluipmcntrvith a current rating not excecding 32 A fbr usc outdoors.This additional
protecti6nis norv to be plovidecl in thc evcnl of lailure of the provision lbr basic protectionand/or the
provisiop fbr fault protectionor carelcssness by users r:lf the inslallation. Note that cerlain exct-ptionsare
411.3.3.
pcrmittecl rcl'crto Regr.rlation
T a b l e s4 l B I . 4 l 8 2
C h a p t e4r 1 i n c l u d e sT a b l e s1 1. 2 .1 l . 3 a n d4 l . 4 l b r e a r t hl a u l t l o o p i r n p e d a n c c( rse p l a c i n g
and ztlD). Thcsc ner,vtablesare bascdon a not.uit.tttl voltagc of 230 V (not 240 V). hencethe valltesarc
:liuhtly-reducccl.It has been clarillcd that where an RCBO is rcf'erredto in theseTables"tlre overcurrent
c h a r a c t e r i s toi c1 - t h e
d o , i c c i s b e i n - cu o n s i d e r e d .
Chapter41 includcsa nerv Table 41.5 giving maxirruur valuesof carth f'aLrltloop irnpcdancefirr f{CDs to
B S E N 6 1 0 0 8 - al n dB S E N 6 1 0 0 9 - 1 .
F E L V i s r e c c l g n i s eads r p r o t c c t i r er r e a s u r e
a n dt h e n c w r e q u i r e m e n at sr ed c t a i l c di n R c g L r l a t i o4n1 1 . 7 .
C h a p t e r 4 l i n c l u d e st h c U K r c d u c e dl o u ' r ' o l t a g es y s t c m R
. e q u i r e m e nat sr eg i v e ni n R c g u l a t i o 4
n1 1 . 8 .
Chapter 42 Protection againstthenral efTects. includesrequirements in Section422 Precautions whcreparlicular

r i s k so l f l r e e x i s t( T h c s el e q u i l e r r c n t\s\ L ' r ep r e v i o u s l ys t a t e di n S e c t i o n4 8 2 o f B S 7 6 7 1 : 2 0 l0) .
Chapter 43 Protectionagairrst()\creurrcnt.includesthoserequircmcnts previouslygiven in Section473 of BS

l67 l:2001. Infbrmationor.rtl.rcovercurrentprotectionol'conductorsin parallelis given in Appendix 10.
Chapter 44 Protcctiorragainstvoltagedisturbances, includesa ncw Section442" Protectionof low voltagc

installationsa-uainst
tcrnporarvovcrvoltages due to earthfaultsin the high voltagesystemand due tcl faultsin thc
lor,"'voltagesysteln.This nov sectionprovidestbr thc sal'ctyof the low voltagesystclnunder lault conditions
includinglaultsin thc high voltagesystcln.lossof the supplyneutralin the lou'voltagesystelrand short-circuit
betweena line cclnductor and ueLltralin the lorv voltageinstallation.
Section 443 Protectionagainstovervoltages of atmosphericorigin or due to switching.retainsthc cxistingtexl

fr-onrBS l6ll and adds regulationsenablingdesignersto use a risk assessment approachrtu,hen designing
installations
ivhich may be susceptible
to ovcrvoltages
of atnrosphericoligirr.
Chapter 52 Selectionand erectionof wiring systems,now ir.rcludes

busbartrunkingsystemsand powertrack
systems.
It is now rccluirecl to proteclcablesconcealedin a *'all or partition(at a depthol'lessthan 50 mm) by a 30 mA
RCD where the installationis not intcndedto be underthe supervisionof a skilled or instructedperson.if the
nornralt'nethods of protecticlnirrcludinguse of cablcswith an earthedmetalliccovcring,rnechanicalprolcction
(includingusc of cablesu''ithan earthedmctalliccoverirrg.or tlechanicalprotection)cannotbe employed.This
appliesto a cable in a parlitionwherc the constructionincludesmetallicpartsotherthan fixings irrespectiveof
t l r cd e p t ho l ' t h ce u h l .e
Table52.2 Clablesurroundedby therrnalinsulation.givcs slightlyreducedderatinglactors,to takeaccounto1'the
availabiIitv o 1-rrateriaI lv ith i nrpror,'ed
therrnali nsulation.
Chapter 53 Protection.iscllation" sr,r'itching. control and r.nonitoring. Simplilicationmcausthat rccluircmcnts

p r e v i o u s l yi n C h a p t c r4 6 " S e c t i o n 4
s 7 6 a n d 5 3 7 o 1 ' B S7 6 7l : 2 0 0I a r en o w i n t h i s s i n g l ec h a p t e rC. h a p t e r5 3 a l s o
includesa new Section532 Dcviccslbr protectionagainstthe risk of flre, and a new Section538 Monitoring
clevices.
Chapter 54 Earthingarrangelrents and protectivcconductors. The requirer.nent

that a mctallicpipe of a \\'a1cr
Lrtilitysupplyshallnot bc useclas an carthelectrodeis retainedin Rcgulation542.2.4which also statesthat other
rnetallicwater supply pipeworkshall not be usedas an earthelectrodeunless;lrecautions are taken againstits
retrovaland it hasbeenconsideredfbr sucl.ta use.An exaurplc- of othermetallicwater supplypipelvorkcould bc
a privatelyowncd u'atersupplynetrvork.
A noteto RcgLrlation 543.4.1statesthat in Grcat Britain.rcgulation8(4) ol'thc ElectricitySal'ety,Quality and

Continuity Regulations2002 prohibils the use of PEN conductorsin consumers'installations.Regulation
543.7 has earthingrecluircr.nents lbr the installationof equiprnenthavinghigh protectivecurductorcurrents.
p r e v i o u s l yi n S e c t i o n6 0 7 o f B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0 1 .
Chapter 55 Othcr ccluiprnent" includesncw additionalrequirenrents in Regulation551.7 to ensurcthc sal-e

connectiot.t gcneratin-e
o1'lor"'r,oltage setsincluclingsuall-scaleernbeddcd (SSEGs).
generators
Section 559 Lurninairesand lightingirrstallations" is a neu''seriesol'Regulationsgiving recluirements fbr fixed

l i s l r t i n - ien s t a l l a t i o n o
s .u t d o o rl i g h t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o n e
s ,x t r a - l o wv o l t a g cl i g h t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o n sl i .g h t i n gt b r d i s p l a y
: t i l n c l s a n d h i g h r v a y p o w e r s u p p l i esst a r enectl t i r r n i t u r c ( p r e v i o u s l y i n S e c t i o n 6Bl lSoTf ( r 7 l : 2 0l0) .
Chapter 56 Sal'ctyservices.hasbeencxpandcdin line rvith IECIstandardization.
Part 6 lnsl.lcction and testing.u,asPaft7 o1'BS7671:2001.Changeshavc bcenrnadcto the requirements

: ' ' r i n s L r l a t i or e
ns i s t a n cw
e :h c n t e s t i r r gS F I L Va n d P E , L Vc i r c u i t sa t 2 5 0 V . t l r em i n i m u mi n s u l a t i o nr e s i s t a u cies
' . : r s c dt o 0 . 5 M O : f b r s y s t e n rus p t c la n d i n c l u d i n g5 0 0 V . i n c l u d i n gl ' E L V , t h c m i n i m u mi n s L r l a t i or ne s i s t a n cics
. , r . c (tlo 1 . 0M C ) .
PartT Spccialinstallations
or locations.u'asPart6 of BS 16ll:2001. The structureof Part 7 includesthe
f o l l o u ' i n gc h a n s e s .
Scction607 in BS 1671:2001relalingto liigh protectiveconductorcuffentshasbeenincorporatedinto Chapter54.
Scction608 in BS 1671:2001rclatingto caravans.lrotor caravansand caravanparkshasbccn incorporated into
Section708: L,lcctrical installations in caravan/campingparksand similarlocationsand Section721: Electrical
i n s t a l l a t i o ni sn c a r a t , a nasn dm o t o rc a r a v a n s -
S e c t i o n 6 l l i n t s S l ( t 7l : 2 ( 1 0 r1e l a t i n g t o h i - e h w a y p o w e r s u p p l i e s i s n o w i n c o r p o r a t e d i n t o S e c t i o n 5 5 g .
The following major changes are incorporated in PartT:

Section 701 Locationsconlaininga bathtub or shou'erbasin.
7.one3 is no longcrdeflned.
E a c hc i r c u i ti n t h e s p c c i al o c a t i o nm u s th a v e3 0 r r , A R C D p r o t e c t i o n .
Supplemcntary bonclingis no longerrcquiredprovidingthc iristallationhas main bondingin accordance
with
C h a p t e4r 1 .
T h i s s e c t i o nn o w a l l o u ' ss o c k e t - o u t l c(tos t h e rt h a nS E L V a n d s h a v c rs u p p l yu n i t st o B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 5t)o b e
instnlledin locationscontaininga bathor shower3m horizontallybeyondthe boundaryof zone l.
Section 702 Swirnmingpools and other basins.This speciallocationnow includcsbasinsof fbr-rntains.
Zones
A , B a n cC
l i n B S 1 6 71 : 2 0 0| a r er e p l a c e d
b y z o n e s0 . I a n d2 .
S e c t i o n 7 0 3 R o o r r sa n d c a b i n sc o n t a i n i n gs a u n ah e a t e r sZ. o n e sA . B . C a n d D i n B S 7 6 71 : 2 0 0I a r e r e p l a c e d
l ( w i t hc h a n g e d i m e n s i o n s ) .
b y z o n e sl . 2 a n c 3
Section 704 Construction and denrolitionsile installations.
The reduceddisconnection
tirnes(0.2 s) andthe 25 V
eclutrtiotr
no Iongcrappcar.
Section 705 AsricultLrral prcmises.
andhorticultural The redr-rced times(0.2s) andthe25 V equation
discor.rnection
no lottgerappcaf.Additionalrequirementsapplicablcto lif-esupportsystemsare included.
S e c t i o n T 0 6 C o n d L r c t i n g l o c a t i o n s w i t h r c s l r i c t c d m o v e m e n t . u , a s S e c t i o n 6 0 6 i n B S. l 6 T l : 2 0 0 1
Section 708 Elcctricalinstallations in caravanicamping parksand similarlocations. now includesthe requirement
t h a te a c hs o c k e t - o u t l rcnt u s tb c -p r o ri d c d i n d i r i d u a l l l ' u ' i t ho v e r c u r r e natn d R C D p r o t e c t i o n .
The following new sections are now included in Part 7:

S e c t i o n 7 0 9 M a r i n a sa n d s i r n i l a rl o c a l i o n s
S e c t i o n 7 1 1 E x h i b i t i o n ss"l . r o r vasn ds t a n d s
S e c t i o n 7 1 2 S o l a rp h o t o v o l t a i(cp v ) p o r v e rs u p p l , sv v s t e t n s
S e c t i o n 7 1 7 M o b i l co r t r a n s p o r l a b ul en i t s
Section 721 Electricalinstallations
in caravans
and mntorcaravans previouslyin Section608 of BS 7671:2001
Section 740 Terttporaryclcctricalinstallationsfbr structures.amusementdevicesand boothsat fairgrounds.
amLlselrent
parksand ctrcllses
S e c t i o n 7 5 3 F l o o ra n dc e i l i n gh c a t i n gs y s t e m s .
Appropriatechanseshavebeenmadeto Appendices 1 to 7.
i n p a r t i c u l atrh c n t e t h o d as n dt a b l e su s e di n A p p e n d i x 4 .
The following new appendices are now included:

Appendix 8 Current-carrying
capacityand voltagcdrop for br,rsbar
trunkingand powertracksystems
Appendix 9 Deflnitions multiplesollrce,d.c. and othersystents
Appendix 10 Protcctiono1-condirctors
in parallelagainstovercurrent
Appendix 11 Eff-ectol'hannoniccurrentson balancedthree-phase
systcms
A p p e n d i x 1 2 V o l t a g ed r o p i n c o n s u r r e r si n
' stallations
Appendix 13 Methodsfbr measuringthe insLrlation resistance/impedance
of f'loorsanclu,allsto Earlh
or to the protcctiveconductorsysteln
Appendix 14 Measuremen o tf e a r t hl ' a u l tl o o pi m p e d a n c e :
consideratiot.t
of the increaseof the resistance olconductorswith increaseof temoerature
A p p e n d i x 1 5 R i n ga n c rl a c l i afll n a l c i r c L r iat r r a n g c m e n tR
s .e g L r l a t i o4n3 3 . 1
Editions
T h e f b l l o w i n ge d i t i o n sh a v eb e e np u b l i s h c d :
F I R S TE D I T I O N 'Rules
Entitlecl a n d R e g u l a t i o nlso r t h e P r e v e n t i oonf F i r e R i s l < s
Arising ir-onrE,lectricLighting'. Issuedin lll82.
S E C O N DE D I T I O N I s s u e di n 1 8 8 8 .
THIRD EDITION E n t i t l c d' G e n e r aR l u l c sr e c o n . r r n e n df e bdr W i r i n g f b r t h e S u p p l yo f
E l c c t r i c aFl . n e r g y t' .s s L r cidn 1 8 9 7 .
F O U R T HE D I T I O N I s s L r ci d n 1903.
F I F ' T HE D I T I O N E n t i t l e d' W i r i n g R r - r l e sI's. s L r ei cnl 1 9 0 7 .
S I X T I IE D I T I O N l s s L r ci nd 1 9 1 l .
S E V E N T I IE D I T I O N I s s r - r ci nd 1 9 1 6 .
EIGHTII EDITION E n t i t l e d ' R e g u l a t i o nl bsr t h e E l e c t r i c aEl q u i p r n e notf B u i l d i n g s ' .
l s s L r eidn 1 9 2 , 1 .
NINTH EDITION I s s u e di n 1 9 2 7 .
TENTH EDITION I s s u e ci nl 1 9 3 4 .
E L E V E N T HE D I T I O N l s s r . r ei n
d 1939.
R o , i s e d i. s s u e di n 1 9 4 3 .
Rcprintedr','ithnrinorAmcndments"1945.
S u p p l e m e ni st s u e dI. 9 4 6 .
RcvisedSection8 issr,red. lc)4[J.
TWELFTHEDITION I s s u e di n 1 9 - 5 0 .
S u p p l e r n e ni st s u e dI. 9 5 2 1 .
T H I R T E E N T HE D I T I O N I s s u c ci rl r 1 9 5 5 .
R e p r i n t e dl 9 - 5 8 .1 9 (Ir" 1 9 6 2a n d 1 9 6 4 .
F O U R T E E N T HE D I T I O N l s s u e ci n l 1966.
Reprintecl incorporatingAurcndurents, I 96t1.
ReprintedincorporatingAurcnchents.| 969.
Sr.rpplement on usein mctrictern.rs issued.I969.
A m e n d n r e n ti s s u e dI.9 7 0 .
Reprintedin nretricunils incorporatingAnrencfinents. lc)70.
R e p r i n t e d1 9 7 2 .
R e p r i n t e d1 9 7 3 .
Ar.r.rcr.rdr.nents issued.I 974.
R e p r i n t c di n c o r p o r a t i nAgm e n d r n e n t s1,9 11 .
A m e n d r . n e ni tsss u e d|"9 7 6 .
Reprintecl incorporatingAmendntcnts.1976.
F I F T E E N T HE D I T I O N l - . n t i t l e'cRl e g u l a t i o nfsb r E l e c t r i c aIln s t a l l a t i o n s ' .
l s s u e di n l 9 8 l . ( R e dC o v e r )
AmenchrentsissLred. I JanLrary 1983.
ReprintedincorporatingAmendn.rcr.rts, I 91J3. (CrccnCover)
Anrendnrents issued.1 May 198.1.
ReprintedincorporatingArrendments.I 984.(Yellou,Cover)
Arlcndr.nents issued.I .lanuary1985.
Arrcndurentsissued.I .lanuary1986.
Reprinted i n c o r p o r a t i nAum e n d r r c n t s1, 9 8 ( r(.B l u c C o v c r )
A r n e n d r . n e ni st ss u e c l 2 " J u n e1 9 8 7 .
Reprintecl incorporatingAr.r.rcndurents, I 987. (Brown Cover)
Reprintecl ivith nrinorcorrcctions,19138. (Brown Covcr)
S I X T E E N T HE D I T I O N I s s u e ci nl l 9 c )I . ( R e dC o v e r )
Reprintedii'itli rlinor corrections.1992.(RedCovcr)
I L e p r i n t eads B S 7 6 7 1: 1 9 9 2 .( R c dC o v e r )
A u r e n d m e nNt o I i s s u e dD . e c e m b e 1l 9 9 , 1 .
R c p r i n t e di n c o r p o r a t i nAgm e n d m e nNt o l . 1 9 9 4 (. G r e e nC o v e r )
A m c n d m e nN t c l2 i s s u e dD " e c e m b elr9 c ) 7 .
lleplinteclincorpot'atin-o AmendrncntNo 2, lc)97.(YcllorvCiovcr)
A m e n d m e nN t o 3 i s s u e dA, p r i l 2 0 0 0 .
B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0I i s s u e dJ"u n c2 0 0l . ( B l L r eC i o v e r )
ArnendmentNo I issned.Fcbruary2002.
Amencir.r.rcr.rt No 2 issued.March2004.
lleprintedincorporatingArnendrrcntsI and 2.2004. (Brown Covcr)
S E V E N T E E N T HE D I T I O N B S 7 6 7| : 2 0 0 8i s s u e d..l a r r u a r2v0 0 8 .( R e dC o v e r )
Joint IET/BSITechnicalCommitteeJPEL/64
CONSTITUTION
as at SePtember2007
E u r I n gN C F r i s w e lB ) E n gF I E E ( C h a i r m a n )
l S c ( E n gC
lor IET
J P CuttingCEng f-lEE
A D a l e yB T e c hC E n gF I E E M I M e c h E
P E DonnachiB e S c C E n gF I E T
E u r I n g G S t o k e sB S c ( H o n sC) E n gF I E E F C I B S E
G G W i l l a r dD i p E EC E n g M I E E JP
W H W r i g h tM A C E n g F I E E
and
K S i r i w a r d h a nBaS c E n g ( H o n sM) B A M S c C E n gM I E E M C I B S E M I H E E I \ ' (I A C E )
S A MacConnacher BSc CEng MIEE MInstR (Associationof Manutacturers of DomesticAppliances)
S Archcr MIDGTE (Association of Mantrf'acturers of Pou'cr Generating Systenls)
R Jefferis(ASTA British Electrotechnical ApprovalsBoard)
C K R c e dI E n g M I I E ( B r i t i s hC a b l c sA s s o c i a t i o n )
J M R H a g g e rB T e c h ( H o n sA) M I M M M ( B r i t i s hC a b l e sA s s o c i a t i o n )
P D GalbraithlEng MIET MCMI (British Electrotechnical & Allied Manuf-acturers AssociationLtd)
R F B LewingtonMIEE (British Electrotechr.rical & Allied Manufacturers Association Ltd)
P G NewberyBSc CiEngMIET (British Electrotcclinical & Allied Manufacturcrs Association Ltd)
S R W i l h n o r eM I E E ( B E A M A lnstallation L t d )
E u r I n g M H M L r l l i n sB A C l E n gF I E E F l l E ( B E A M A I n s t a l l a t i oLnt d )
P S a y e rI E n g M I E T G C G I ( B E A M A l n s t a l l a l i o n Ltd)
D Stead (British Standards lnstitution)
I C a h i l lM A M I E E ( B r i t i s hT e l e c o m m u n i c a t i opnlsc )
H R L o v e g r o v eI E n g F I E T ( C i t y & G u i l d so f L o n d o nI n s t i l u t e )
B Sensecall (ClentralHeatinglnstallationsRHE/24)
D r A S r . r nBgS c ( H o n sM ) S c P h DC E n gM I E E F C I B S ES T M I E E EM E I M H K I E ( l r ) ( C I B S E )
S Curtler IEng MIET (Conpetent personschemeoperators)
D Irlvin BEng(Hons)(DC PclwerUsersF-orutr)
B O ' C o n n e l lB S c B A ( H o n s )M E n g ( H o n sC ) E n gM I E E ( D e p a f t r x e notf ' H e a l t l r )
Eur Ing D J Williams BTechCEng MIET (Departrrcntfor Transporl)
W R B e r r yI E n g M I I E ( E l e c t r i c aCl o n t r a c t o r sA' s s o c i a t i o n )
D L o c k el E n g M l l E A C I B S E( E , l e c t r i c C a lo n t r a c t o r s ' A s s o c i a t i o n )
D Millar lEn-rrMIET MILE (E,lectrical Clontractors' Associationof Scotlandt/a SELECT)
D J StartBSc CEng FllrE (EnergyNetrvorksAssociation)
E u r l n g J T B r a d l e yB S c C E n gM I E E F C I B S E( E l e c t r i c aSl a f ' e t C y ouncil)
M C C l a r kB S c ( E n g M ) S c C E n g F I E E F I M e c h EF C I B S E( E l e c t r i c aSl a f - e tC youncil)
M W CoatesBEng (ERA TechnologyLtd)
M H a d l c y( T h eG A M B I C A A s s o c i a t i o L nt d )
K .l Moiton BSc CEng MIEE (Health& SafetyExecutive)
I P Andreu,s(Heating,Vcntilationand Air ConditioningManul'acturers' Association)
Eur Ing P HarrisBEn-u(Hons) FIHEEM MIEE MCIBSE (lnstituteof Healthcare Engineering andEstateManagerrent)
G C T P r i t c h a r dB T e c h ( H o n sC) E n g F I L E T c c h l O S H( l n s t i t u t i o n o f L i g h t i n gE n g i n e e r s )
K R K e a r n e yI E n g M l l E ( T h eL i g h t i n gA s s o c i a t i oLnt d )
B Pratlcl,(Lighting InclustryFederationLtd)
E u r l n g P D M e a k i nB S c ( E n gC ) i E n gF I E E ( M O D D e f e n c eE s t a t e s )
J M A n d r e w sB S c M l o D ( N A P I T )
.l EadeMIEE (Prof-essional Lightingand SoundAssociation)
.l RccdARIBA (Royal InstitLrte of British Architects)
I T r u e m a nI E n g M I E T M S O E M B E S ( S a f ' c t A y s s c s s n r e tFret d e r a t i o-nS A F e d )
P Wilson MlMechE (Saf'etyAsscsstnent FederalionLimited)
C .l TanswcllCEng MIET MCIBSE (Societyol'E,lectrical and MechanicalEr.rgineers servingLocal Government)
R B a t e sB S c ( H o n s()U N I T E A m i c u ss e c l i o n )
E,urIng.l Pcttil'erBSc CEng MIET FCQI (UnitedKingdomAccreditationService)
Sec'relury
G D C r o n s h a wI E n g F I E T
Preface
B S 7 6 7 l R e q u i r e m e n t s f b r E l e c t r iIcnaslt a l l a t i o n s t a k c s a c c o u n t o f t h e t e c hsnui cbas lt a n c e o f a g r e e m e n t s r e a c h e d i n
t'F.NELEC.In particular, the technicalintentof the fbllowingCENELECHarmonization Docur.nents is inclLrded:
CENELEC Harmonization Documentreference BS 7671 reference
prHD60364-
I 2U)7 Fundarrentalprinciples.assessment
ol' generalcharactelistics. Part l. Part2 (in part),
deflnitions Parl 3
H D r O E5 2 2 0 0 1 I d e n t i l l c a t i oonf c o r e si n c a b l e sa n d l l e r i b l ec o r d s A p p e n d i x7
III) -18,1..:t.,11 S2/AI 2002 Protcctionagair-rst clcctricshock Chaplc4 rl
r r D 3 8 . + . 4 .S421A 2 1 9 9 1 Protectior-r againsttlrelrral eflects f'haptcr 42
H D i 8 4 . 4 . 4 8521 1 9 9 7 Protectionagainstfire wherepafticularrisksor dangelcrist Chapterzl2
H D 3 8 4 . 4 . 4532 2 0 0 t Protectionagainstovercurrent Chapter43
H D 3 8 ; 1 . 4 . 4A7l 3 1 9 8 0 Applicationol'measures1'orprotectionrgainstor ercurrent Chapter43
I I D 3 8 ' 1 . 4 . 4S
4 l- l 2 0 0 0 Protcctionagainstovcrvoltagcs Section4zl3
p r H D6 0 3 6 2 1 - 5 - 5210 0 3 Selectionand erectionof equipment- Commonrules C h a p t e5r l
H D 3 8 4 . 4 . 4532 2 0 0 1 Protcctionagainstovercurrent Clhapter 53
p r H D6 0 3 6 4 - 5 - 5 42 0 0 4 Earthing arrangements, protectivecorrductors and Chapter54
protcctivcbondingconductors
r r D3 t i 4 . 7 . 7 S
14t 2 0 0 0 C)utdoorlightin_u installations S e c t i o n5 5 9
H D 6 0 3 6 4 - 7 - 7 1 5 2 0 0 5 Extra-lon' .,'oltageli-uhting instalIations Scction559
H D 3 8 ; 1 . 6 .5 62
1 2 0 0 3 I n i t i a lr , e r i l i c a t i o n Part6. Appendix | 4
HD 6036,1-7-7012007 Locationscontaininga bathor shorver Section70 I
r r D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0522 2 0 0 2 Su'inrr-r-ring poolsand othcrbasins Section702
H D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0 3 2 0 0 5 ltoornsanclcabinscontainingsaunaheaters Scction703
HD 603621-7-7042007 Constructionand demolitiorrsite installations Section704
HD 603621-7-7052007 AsricLlIturaland horticulturalpremises Scction70-5
I1D6036,1-7-70(r20()1 Conductinglocalionswith restrictedlrovernent Section706
H D 3 8 4 . 7 . 7 0 8 2 0 0 - s (laravanparks.campingparksand similal locations Section708
prHD60364-7 -109 2.007 M a r i n a sa n c sl i m i l a rl o c a t i o n s Scction709
r r D3 t i 4 . 7 . l7 1 2 0 0 3 E,xhibitions. shor,i,s and stands S e c t i o7 nl l
HD 60364-t-112 2005 Solarphotovoltaic(PV) porvcrsupplysvstems Section7 I 2
H D 6 0 3 6 4 - 7 -57 1 2 0 0 5 Extra-lorvvoltagclightinginstallatior.rs Section5-59
HD 60364-7 -i l7 200,1 Mobile or transportable units Section7 I 7
prHD6036.1-7-72 I 200X Electricalinstallations in caravansand motorcaravans Section72 I
prHD60364-7-1102006 Temporaryelectricalinstallations firr structures.
amusement devices Section7zl0
and boothsat lair-grounds. amusement parksand circuses
The datesin bracketsreferto the yearol'issueof'amendurents

to the HarmonizationDocument(HD).
BS 761I lvill continueto be amendedliom time to time to take accoLlntof tlie publicationof ne\\'or amended
CENELEC standards. Thc opportunityhas been takento reviseregulationsthat experiencchas shou,nrecluire
clarifrcationor to allow fbr new technologyand rnethods.
Ref'crence is rrade thror-rghout

BS 7671 to publicationsof the British Standarcls Institr.rtion.
both specifications
and codcsof practice.Appendix I liststhesepLrblicationsand givestheir full titlcs whereasthroughoutBS 7671
tlreyare ref'erred
to only by their numbers.
Whereref-erencc is made in BS 7671 to a British Standardu'hich takesaccountof a CENELEC Harmonization

Documentor EuropeanNonlr, it is understoodthat the ref'ercnce also relatesto any Europeannationalstandard
sintilarlyderivedfrom the CENELtsCstandard.althoLrgh accoLlntneedsto be takeno1'anynationalexernptions.
Note by the Healthand Safety Executive
T h e H e a l t ha n c lS a t - e tE y r e c u t i v e( H S E )w e l c o n r etsh c p u b l i c a t i o n o 1 ' B S7 ( r 7l : 2 0 0 8 ,R e q u i r - e r r e nf bt sr E l e c t r i c a l
I n s t a l l a t i o n sI ,E E W i r i n g R e g L r l a t i o nl sT t h E d i t i o n .B S 7 6 71 a n d t h e I E E W i r i n - r rR e g u l a t i o n sh a v e b e e n
extensivclyrclcrredto in HSE gr-ridance ovcr the years.Installations rr"hichconfirlrnto thc standardslaid dorvn
in BS 767l:2008 areregardcdby HSE as Iikely to achicveconftrrnrityu,ith thc rclcvantpartsolthe Illectricityat
W o r k R e g u l a t i o nls9 l i c ) E . x i s t i n gi n s t a l l a t i o nrs. n a yh a v eb e e nd e s i q n e d
a n d i n s t a l l e dt o c o n f u r r r1 ot h c s t a n d a r d s
s e t b y c a r l i c rc c ' l i t i o nosf B S 7 6 7 1 o r t h e I E E W i r i n g R c g u l a t i o n sT. h i s c l o e sn o t r r e a n t h a t t h e y w i l l l a i l t o
achieveconfornrityrvith the relevantpartsof the Elcctricityat WclrkRcgulationslc)89.
Notes on the plan of the 17th Edition

The edition is bascd on thc plan agreed internationallyfor the arrangenlentof saf'etyrules fbr electrical
irrstallations.
The regulationnLrrrbcrirrglbllolvs the patternand corresponding

references
of IIIC 60364.Thc numberingdoes
not.thercfirre.necessarily Thc numberingsystemusediu Part7 is erplainedin Section700.
fbllorv scclucntially.
In the numberilrgsystemused,the lirst digit signiliesa Part,the seconddigit a Chapter.the third cligita Scction
d ti - q i t tsh e R e g u l a t i o n u r r b e r .F o r e x a m p l ct.h e S e c t i o nn u m b e r4 1 3 i s m a d eu p a s f b l l o w s :
a n dt h e s u b s e q u e n
P A R T4 _ P R O T E C T I O N F O RS A F E T Y
C h a p t e4 r 1 ( l i r s t c h a p t eor f P a r t4 ) - P R O T E C T I O A
N G A I N S TE L E C T R I C
SHOCK.
S e c t i o n4 1 3 ( t h i r d 4 1
s e c t i o no f C h a p t e r ) - P R O T E C T I V M
E E A S U R E E
: L E C T R I C AS
LE P A R A T I O N
principlcs.
Part 1 setsout the scope.ob.jcctand funclarncntal
the sensein which certaintcrmsare usedthroughor-rt

Part2 clef-ines the Regulations.
The sub.jccts partsare as indicatcdbelou':

of the sr"rbsecluent
Part Subject
3 of the installationthat rvill need to be taken into accountin
ldentillcationo[' the characteristics
choosingand applyingthc requirenrents ol'the subsequent Parts.Thcsecharacteristics rnayvary fiom
one part of an installationto anotherand should be asscsscd1br cach locationto be servedby the
installatior.r.
4 Descriptiono1'themeasuresthat are availablclbr the protectionof persons"propertyand livestock.
and againstthe hazardsthat may arisefiorn the rtseo1'electricity.
5 P r e c a u t i o n1sob c t a k e ni n t h e s c l c c t i o na n de r c c t i o no f t h e e c l u i p r n e o
n ft t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n .
6 Inspectionancltesting.
7 S p c c i a il n s t a l l a t i o nosr l o c a t i o n s p a r t i c u l arre c l u i r e m e n t s .
The scqucnccol'the plan shoLrldbc lbllou,edin consideringthe applicationo1-anyparticr-rlal

lecluirer.nent
of the
Thc gcncralindcx providesa ready ref-erence
Regulations. to particularregulationsby subject.bLrtin applying
any one regulationthe rcquircmentsof rclatcd regr-rlations should be borne in nrincl.Cross-ref'crences are
provided.anclthe index is arrangedto lacilitatethis.
ln tnany cascs.a group of associated regulationsis coveredby a side headingrvhichis iclentiflcdby a tu'o-part
number. e.g. 544.2.Throughor-rt the Rcgulationsu,herc rcfcrcnceis rnadeto sucl.ta two-part nunrber.thal
refbrenccis to bc takento includcall the inclividualregulationnurrberslvhich are covereclby that sidc heading
and includethat tu'o-nartnurnber.
10
PART 1
S C O P EO
, B J E C TA N D F U N D A M E N T APLR I N C I P L E S
CONTENTS
C H A P T E R1 1 SCOPE
'1
1 0.'1 General
1 14.2 Exclusionsfrom scooe
11 3 Equipment
114 R e l a t i o n s h i pw i t h S t a t u t o r y R e g u l a t i o n s
1 ' l5 I n s t a l l a t i o n si n p r e m i s e s s u b j e c t t o l i c e n s i n g
C H A P T E R1 2 O B J E C TA N D E F F E C T S
120 General
'24.4
N e w m a t e r i a l sa n d i n v e n t i o n s
C H A P T E R1 3 F U N D A M E N T A LP R I N C I P L E S
131 Protection for safety
'31
1 General
-
3 1. 2 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s te l e c t r i cs h o c k
'31.3
P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s t h e r m a le f f e c t s
'31
.4 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s to v e r c u r r e n t
-
31.5 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tf a u l tc u r r e n t
'3'1
.6 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tv o l t a g ed i s t u r b a n c e a
s n d m e a s u r e sa g a i n s te l e c t r o m a g n e t i cn f l u e n c e s
'31
.7 P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s tp o w e rs u p p l yi n t e r r u p t i o n
'31
8 A d d i t i o n sa n d a l t e r a t i o n tso a n i n s t a l l a t i o n
132 Design
'32.1
General
'32.2
C h a r a c t e r i s t i cosf a v a i l a b l es u p p l yo r s u p p l i e s
'32.3
N a t u r eo f d e m a n d
'
)2 4 Electricalsupply systemsfor safety servicesor standbyelectricalsupply systems
^
J2.5 E n v i r o n m e n t aclo n d i t i o n s
'
:2 6 Cross-sectionalarea of conductors
'
.2.7 T y p e o f w i r i n ga n d m e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i o n
'
:2 8 Protective quipment
'
:2 9 E m e r g e n c yc o n t r o l
'
:2 10 D i s c o n n e c t i ndge v i c e s
'
:2 11 P r e v e n t i o no f m u t u a ld e t r i m e n t ailn f l u e n c e
" :2 12 A c c e s s i b i l i toyf e l e c t r i c ael q u i p m e n t
'
:2 13 D o c u m e n t a t i ofno r t h e e l e c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o n
:2.14 P r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e sa n d s w i t c h e s
:2 15 l s o l a t i o na n d s w i t c h i n o
S e l e c t i o no f e l e c t r i c a le q u i p m e n t
1 General
2 Characteristics
3 C o n d i t i o n so f i n s t a l l a t i o n
J Preventionof harmfuleffects
. 1 4
E r e c t i o n a n d i n i t i a l v e r i f i c a t i o no f e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n s
::' Erection
'--
2 I n i t i avl e r i f i c a t i o n
i5 Periodicinspectionand testing
11
PART 1
S C O P E ,O B J E C TA N D F U N D A M E N T A P
L RINCIPLES
C H A P T E R11
SCOPE
110.1 GENERAL
suchas thoseo1:
applyto the dcsign.erectionand veriflcationofelectricalinstallations
The Regulations
(i) residentialpremrses
( i i ) c o m m e r c i apl r e m r s e s
( i i i ) p u b l i cp r e m i s e s
(ir,1 industrialprernises
( v ) a g r i c u l t u r aal n c hl o r t i c u l t u r aplr e m i s e s
( v i ) p r e f a b r i c a t ebdu i l d i n g s
( v i i ) c a r a v a n sc.a r a v a np a r k sa n ds i r n i l a rs i t c s
pulposesincluding
(viii) constructionsites.exhibitions,sholvs.tairgroundsand other installationsfbr ter.r.rporary
prof'essional
stageand broadcastapplications
(ir) nrarinas
( x ) e x t e r n alli e h t i n ga n d s i m i l a ri n s t a l l a t i o n s
( x i ) m o b i l eo r t r a n s p o r l a b u l en i t s
( x i i ) p h o t o v o l t a iscy s t e r r s
( x i i i ) l o w v o l t a g eg c n c r a t i n sg c l s
(riv) highrvaycquipurentand streetfurniture.
N O T E : " P r e r r r i s cc (s)"\ c rt\l r cl r r n rdn dr l l i l ei l i r r ur:r r c l t r d ibr ur gi l d i n ghse l o r r g itnogi t .
The Regulationsincluderequirerncnts 1br:

( x r , ) c i r c u i t ss u p p l i e da t n o r n i n avl o l t a g e su p t o a n d i n c l u d i n g1 0 0 0V a . c .o r 1 5 0 0V d . c . F o r a . c . ,t h e p r e f e r r e d
fi-equencies wlrich are takcn into accouutin this Standardare 50 Hz. 60 Hz and 100 Hz..The use of other
fiecluencies for specialpurllosesis not cxcluded
(xvi) r:ircuits,othcrthanthc intemalwiring ol'equipurcnt, operctingat voltagcscxceeding1000V anddcrivedfiom
. l e c t r o s t a tpi cr e c i p i t a t o r s
a n i n s t a l l a t i ohna v i n ga v o l t a g en o t e x c e e c l i n1g0 0 0 V a . c . .e . g .d i s c h a r g lei g h t i n g e
(xvii) wiring systerrsand cablesnot specificallycovereclby the standards fbr appliances
( x v i i i ) a l l c o n s L l m ei nr s t a l l a t i o ncsx t e r n atlo b u i l d i n g s
( x i x ) f i x e d r v i r i n gf i r r i n f o r n r a t i o na n d c o m r n u n i c a t i otne c h n o l o g ys, i g n a l l i n gc, o n t r o la n d t h e l i k e ( e x c l u d i n g
i n t e r n aul , i r i n go f e q u i p n r c n t )
(xx) additionsand alterationsto installations and also partsof the existinginstallationafl-ected by an additionor
alteration.
Thc Rcgulationsare intendedto bc appliedto clectricalinstallationsgenerallybLrt,in ccrtaincases,they uay need

to be supplerrented or recommendalions
by thc rcqLrirements o1-othcr British Standardsor by the rcquirerrentsof
thc personorderingthe lvork.
S u c hc a s c si n c l u d ct h c l b l l o u ' i n g :
( x x i ) E l e c t r i cs i g n sa n dh i g h v o l t a - ulcu n r i n o u d s i s c h a r gteu h ei n s t a l l a t i o n- sB S 5 5 9 a n d B S E N 5 0 1 0 7
( x x i i ) E u r e r g c n clyi g h t i n g- B S 5 2 6 6
( x x i i i ) I l l e c t r i c ael q u i p n r e nf ot r e x p l o s i v eg a sa t m o s p h e r e- sB S E N 6 0 0 7 9
t r u s ei n t h c p r e s e n coef c o u b u s t i b l ed u s t- B S E N 5 0 2 8 1a n d B S E N 6 1 2 4 1
( r x i v ) E l e c t r i c ael q u i p n t e nl b
a n da l a n l rs y s t c l n si n b u i l d i n g s- t l S 5 8 3 9
( x x r ' 1 F i r ed e t e c t i o n
'felecommunications
(xxl'i) s y s t e l x -s B S 6 7 0I
( x x v i i ) E . l e c t r iscu r f a c eh e a t i n -ssy s t c r x -s B S 6 3 5 1
s r o p e n - c a sntr i n e sa n dq u a r r i e s- B S 6 9 0 7 .
( x x v i i i )E l c c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o nl b
o 1 ' t e l r p o r a r yd i s t r i b u t i o ns v s t e m sd e l i v e r i n ga . c . e l e c t r i c asl u p p l i e sf o r l i g h t i n g ,
( x x i x ) D c s i g na n d i n s t a l l a t i o n
tcchnicalservicesarrdothcrentertainmcnt relatedllLlrposes BS 7909.
12
.10.2
E X C L U S I O N SF R O M S C O P E
, R c g u l a t i o ncsl on o t a p p l yt o t h e f b l l o w i n gi n s t a l l a t i r t n s :
r S y s t e m tsb r t h e d i s t r i b u t i o o
n 1 ' c l e c t r i c i t yo t h e p u b l i c
, R a i l w a yl r a c t i o nc q u i p r n e n rt o
. l l i n gs t o c ka n ds i g n a l l i n ge q i r i p m e n t
' Ecluiptrcrlto1' t.notorvehicles.except thosc to u'hich the reqLrilenrents
of thc Regulationscencerning
caravarls
or ntobileunitsare applicablc
. , [:qLripnrent
on boardshipscovcrcdby BS 8450
. , F.cluipment
of rnobilcand flxed oll.sl.rore
installations
. F.qr-ripntent
of aircrafi
I Radiointerf-ercnce supl)rcs5i1rneqrripnrr-nt.
cxceptso far as it all'cctssal'ctyof the clectricalinstallatign
r.I Lightningprotectionsystemstbr buildingsand structures coveredby BS EN 62305
\' ) Thoseaspcctso 1'lift installations
coveredby rel$,antpartsof B S 5(155and BS IrN 8 l - l
'.rr Elcctricalcquipntcntof utachincscoveredby BS EN 60201.
'11
Not used
112 Nof used
.13
EQUIPMENT
'13.1 I h c R e g u l a t i o nasp p l yt o i t e m so f e l e c l r i c ael q u i p r n c notn l y s o f a r a s s e l e c t i o a
n n ca
l p p l i c a t i o on f t h e
,- . Illlellt in the installatiottare concerned.Thc Regulaticlns do not deal witlr requirer.nents for the constructionol
"-'rllblicsof elcctricalcclLripmcnt. which are requircdto conrplyrvith appropriatcstandarcls.
.14
R E L A T I O N S H I PW I T H S T A T U T O R Y R E G U L A T I O N S
' 14.1 The Regulationsare lton-statutorv. They t.nay.howct,er.bc used in a court o1'law in evidcncetcl
rrl cotnpliancewith a statutoryrcquircment.The relevantstatutoryprovisionsare listed in Appendix 2 and
- .rt'lcAcls of Parliarnentand Regulationsrrade thereuncler.ln somc cases statLltoryRegLrlations ntay be
, - ' t r t p a n i ebc yl C o d e so f P r a c t i c e a p p r o v e du n d c rS c c t i o nl 6 o l ' t h e I l c a l t ha n d S a f e t ya t W o r k e t c .A c t 1 9 7 4 .T h c
- - , , 1s t a t u so f t h e s e( ' o d e si s e r p l a i n e di n S e c r i o nl 7 o f t h e 1 9 7 4A c t .
: l s t r p p l yg i v e n i n a c c o r d a n cue' i t h t h c E l e c t l i c i t yS a l b t y ,Q u a l i t ya n d f l o n t i n u i t yR e g u l a t i o n2s0 0 2 .i t s h a l lb e
-rlllecl hatthe connection i l ' i t h E a r t ho f t h e n e u t r a ol f t h e s u p p l yi s p c r r r a n e n tO. u t s i d eE n g l a n d S . c o t l a n caln d
.,,;s.confln.t.tation shallbe soughtfiom thc distributorthat thc sLrpplyconfbrntsto reclirirernenls corresponding to
' r ' t r f ' t h eE l c c t r i c i t yS a f - e t yQ. u a l i t ya n d C o n t i n u i t yR e g r - r l a t i o2n0s0 2 .i n t h i s r e s p e c tW . h e r er h c E S Q C Rd o r . r o t
' ' r . e c l t r i p n t efnctl ri s o l a t i o n
a n d s u , i t c h i n sgh a l lb c s c l e c t e ca lc c o r d i n g lay s s p e c i f i e d
i r rC h a p t e -r 5 3 .
INSTALLATIONS
IN PREMISESSUBJECTTO LICENSING
115.1 F o r i n s t a l l a t i o ni sn p r e r n i s eosv c r u ' h i c ha l i c e n s i n -our o t h e ra r - r t h o r ict vx e r c i s e as s t a t L l t o rcyo n t r o l .
, : c q u i r e l r e n t so l ' t h a t a r - r t h o r i tsyh a l l b e a s c e r t a i n eadn d c o n . r p l i e w
d i t h i n t h e d e s i g na n d e x e c u t i o no f t h e
.:-,llation.
I J
12
CHAPTER
OBJECTAND EFFECTS
120 GENERAL
120.1 so as to provide
This Standardcontainsthe rulesfbr the designand erectionof electricalinstallations
lbr safetyand properfunctioningfbr thc intendcduse.
'120.2 Chapter l3 statesthe fundarrentalprinciples.It docs not include detailedtcchnicalrequirements,
which may be subjectto modificationbecauseof technicaldevelopments.
120.3 This Standardsetsout technicalrequirements confbrm

intendedto ensurethat electricalinstallations
13.as follor.vs:
principlesof Cl.rapter
to tl.rcf undamental
Part3 of generalcharacteristics
Assessment
Part zl Protectionfbr saf-ety
Part5 Selectionand erectionofcquiptrcnt
Part6 Inspectionand testing
ParlJ or locations.
Specialinstallatiotts
Any intendeddeparturefiom thesePartsrequiresspecialconsideration by the designerofthe installationand shall

be noted on the Electrical lnstallalionCcrtificate specificd in Part 6. The rcsulting degree of sal'etyof the
with the Regulations.
installationshallbe not lcssthanthat obtainedby conrpliance
120.4 New materials and inventions
Where the use of a ncu, rnaterialor inventionlcads to departuresfiom the Rcgulations,the resultitlgdegreeof
Suchuse is to be
saletyoithe installationshallbe not lessthan that obtainedby complianccu,ith the Regulations.
notedon the ElectricalInstallationCcrtificatcspecifledin Part6.
C H A P T E R1 3
FUNDAMENTAP
L RINCIPLES
131 PROTECTIONFOR SAFETY
131.1 General
The requirements of this chapterarc intendedto providefbr the saf'etyol persons.livestockar.rdpropcrtyagainst

dangersanclclamagewhich may arisein the reasonable The requirements
usc ol clcctricalinstallations. to provide
of livcstockareapplicablein locations
lor the saf-ety intended 1brthem.
risk of iniury tnay resultfrom:

ln electricalinstallations.
(i) shockcurrents
likely to causeburns,fires and otherinjuriousc1l-ects
(ii) excessivctcmperatures
(iii) ignitionof a potentiallyexplosiveatlnospherc
(iv) undervoltages. influenceslikely to causeor resultin injury or damage
and electromagnetic
overvoltages
(u) mechanicalmovemcnt of electricallyactuatedequiprrent.in so f-ar as such injury is intendedto be
preventecl of non-
by elcctricaletnergencyswitchingor by elcctricalswitchingfor mechanicaltnaintenance
electricalpartsof suchequipmcnt
and/orinterruptionof saf-ety
(vi) powersupplyinterruptions services
(vii) arcingor burning.likely to causeblindingeflbcts.excessivepressureand/ortoxic gases.
131.2 Protectionagainstelectricshock
131.2.1 Basic protection(protectionagainstdirect contact)

\OTE: systernsand equipnrcnt.'basicprotection'generallycorespondsto proteutitrnirgainst
For Ioq'voltage installatior-rs.
'dircct contact'.
:r-:.:LrnS and livestock shall be protectedagainstdangersthat nray arise fiorn contact with live parts of the
' '- : . r l l a t i o n .
':: prcltection
can be achievedby one of the lbllowing rnethods:
r t Preventinga cllrrentfiom passingthroughthe body o1'anypersonor any livestock
: r Limiting the currentwhich can passthrougha body to a non-hazardous
value.
131.2.2 Fault protection (protection against indirect contact)

NOTE: For lon'r,oltage
installations.
systems ar-rd protcction'generalll'
cquipment.'f'aLrlt to protection
corresponds agaiust
-inclirect
contact'.
mainlt'withresarcl insulation.
to lailureo1-basic
,r'.rr1rS 3rd liveskrckshallbe protectedagainstdangersthat rnayarisefion.rcontactrvith exposed-conc|-rctive-parts

: . : n ga f a u l t .
-'
) pfotectioncan be acl.rievcd by one of the fbllowing methods:
i t Prcventinga currentresultingfi-oma faLrltfiom passingthroughthe body ofany personor any livestock
ir Lirriting the magnitudeof a current resulting1iorn a fault, which can pass through a body, to a non-
h a z a r d o uvsa l u e
;r Limiting the durationof a currentresultingfiorn a fault. which can passthroLrgha body, to a non-hazardous
timcpcriod.
. ,,,nnecticlnrvith f'aLrlt
protection,the applicationolthe methodof protectiveecluipotential
bondingis one of the
principlesfbr saf-ety.
:-.,1-lan1
131.3 Protection against thermal effects
131.3.1 The electricalinstallationshall be so arrangedthat the risk of ignition of flarnrnablematerialsdue tcr

- :.nrperaturcor electricarc is rninimized.In addition,duringnormaloperationof the electricalequipment.there
:'!' lrlilrimalrisk of bums to personsor livestock.
",31.3.2 Persons.fixed cquipmentand flxed matcrialsadjacentto electricaleqiripmentshall be protected

'-: harmfirl effectsol heat or thermal radiationen.rittedby electricalequipment,particularlythe fbllowing
.
. r-lLlellCeS:
Ctrnrbustion,
ignition.or degradation
of rraterials
R i s ko f b u m s
Inrpairrnent
of the saf-efirnctionof installcdequipment.
,. shallnot presenta flre hazardto adjacentmaterials.

..rl !-(lLripment
" 3' 4 Protection against overcurrent

-.rnrl livestockshall be protectedagainstinjury. and propertyshall be protecteclagainstdamage,due to
.' tenrperatLlres stresses
or electromechanical causedby any overcurrents likely to arisein live conductors.
*' :-= Pr',rtcction
canbeachier"ecl to a safe'n'alue
by limitingthco'n'crcurrent and/orduration.
'i"
- :'r othel'than live conductors.and any other parts intendedto carry a fault current.shall be capableo1'
- :r'.rtcurrentwithout attainingan excessivetelnperature. Electricalequipment,includingcondllctors,shall
.r-.rlri ith mechanicalprotectionagainstelectromechanical stresses of fault currentsas necessary to prevent
-:,,nilgeto pcrsons"livestockor property.
"':-: : : l i r c c o r . r c l u c t o r s . c o r n p l i a n c e r v i t h l 3t cl .g4ual sa st iuorne s t h c i r p r t r t e c t i o n a s a i n s t ( ) \ c r e u r r e n t s c a u s e d b y l i r u l t s
1tr
131 .6 protection against voltage disturbances and measures against electromagnetic influences
131.6.1 ancllivestockshall be protectcdagairtstinjury. and propertyshall be protectedagaiustany

Per-sorrs
o1'a lault betwcen live parts ol circuits supplied at tlil-fererrtroltages. in
harrrlul ef1'ccts.as a conscc'luelce
accordancc u'ith Scction442.
13,1.6.2 Personsand livcstock shall be prolectedagainstinjury. and property shall be protectcdagainst

as a consecluence
clarnage. q1-overvoltages suchas thoseoriginatingliom atuosphcriceventsor fionl srvitching.in
q'ith
accorclancc Scction 44J.
NOTE: lrorprotcction againstlightning sccBS LIN(r230-5'
strihcs.
131.6.3 pcrsonsar.rdlivestock shall be protectcdagainstinjury. ancl propeny shall bc protectedagarrlst

danrage. of unclervoltage
as a consecplcnce voltagcrecovcry.in accordance
iinclauy subsequcnt lvitlr Section'1215.
131.6.4 The installationshall havc an adequateIeVelof iurmunityagainstelectronta-enetic disturbances so as

T
t . t u n c t i o n c o r r e c t l yi n t h c s p c c i f i e de n v i r o n r n e n t . h c i n s t a l l a t i o d
n e s i g n s h a l l t a k e i n t o c o n s i d e r a t i otnh e
anticipatedelectror.lagnetic emissions.generatccl by thc installation or thc installed equiprnent. ivhich shall be
suitablelbr thc current-Lrsing cquiprrentusecl ."r'ith. or connectcd to. the installation.
131.7 Protection against power supply interruption
Wheredangeror dama-ec is expectcdto arisedue to an interruptionof sLrpply.suitablcprovisionsshall be made in

t h e i n s t a l l a t i oonr i n s t a l l e de q u i p m e n t .
131.8 Additions and alterations to an installation
No addition or altcration.temporarvor pcrmanent.shall be macleto an cxistirt-oinstallatioll.utllcssit has bcen

a s c e r t a i n ctdh a t t h c r a t i r . r ag n c lt h e c o n d i t i o no l ' a n y e r i s t i n ge c l u i p t r e n ti .n c l u d i n gt h a t o f t h c d i s t r i b u t o rr.i i l l b e
aclecluate fbr the altcredcircurrstalces.I-urthent.rrlre" the earthingand bonclingarraltgelrlctlls" if necessarr' lbr thc
protectivemeasureapplicdfbr the saf'ety of thc adclition or alteration. shall be adccluate.
132 DESIGN
132.1 General
to proviclelbr:
The clectricalinstallationshallbe designecl
u'ith Sectionl3l
(i) the protcctionof'persons.livestockand propertyit.ritccordauce
o l ' t h ec l e c t r i c ailr t s t a l l a t i t tl b
( i i ) t h c p r o p e rl u n c t i o n i n g trse.
r lr t h e i r l t c n d e d
t si t h w h i c h
T h e i l l b r m a t i o nr e q g i r c da s a b a s i sl b r d e s i g ni s s t a t e di n R e g u l a t i o n1s3 2 . 2t o 1 3 2 . - 5T.h e r c q t t i r c t n e nw
t h e d e s i - ssnh a l lc o m p l ya l c s t a t e di n R e g u l a t i o n1s3 2 . 6t o 1 3 2 . 1 5 .
'132.2 Characteristics of available supply or supplies
I l f b r p t a t i o n 6 1 t h e c h a r a c t c r i s t i cosf t h e a r , a i l a b l es u p p l y o r s u p p l i e ss h a l l b e d e t c r m i n e db y c a l c u l a t i o n .
l u l e r s u r e r n ce nnt .q t r i r lo r i t t s p e c t i o t t .
The lollorving charactcristics relbrredto in Regulation132.13to shou'

shall be included in thc docur.nentation
conlbnritl' rvith the Regttlations:
NOTE: Il'theclisrribLrtor changes thccharacteristics all'cctthesafetvof theinstallatiorr.
of thcpoucrsupplythistna,v
(i) Naturcol-cttrrct.tt: a.c.ancliord.c.
(ii) Purpose a t t dn u n r b e or f c o n d u c t o r s :
- fbr a.c. line condtrctot'(s)
ncutralcondttctor
protectivecondltctor
PLINconductor
lbrcl.c. concluctors live conductors.protectire
equivalenttcl those listed above(outer/rniddle/earthed
corrductor. PEN cortduclor)
( i i i ) V a l u e sa n dl o l e r a n c c s :
- notrinal voltagcanclvoltagetolerances
- norninal{iequencyand lr-eqrrency tolcranccs
- nraxln-lLlm currcntallor,vable
- prospectiveshort-circtrit cttrrent
- earthlaLrltloon irntlcdarlcc
16
( i v ) P r c l t c c t i vl cr e a s u r e isn h e r e nitn t h e s u p p l y c. . g .e a r t h e dn c u t r a ol r m i d - w i r e
(v) Particularrecluircr.nents ol thc clistribulor.
132.3 Nature of demand
T h e n r - r t n b earn d t y p e o 1 ' c i r c u i t sr c q u i r e df b r l i g h t i n g .h e a t i n g .p o w c r "c o n t r o l .s i g n a l l i n gc, o m n r r . n i c a t i cal n c l

rnfbrnration tcchncllogl," etc shallbe deternrined fiom knorvledgcof-:
(i) locationof pointsof'l.loivcrdemand
( i i ) l o a d st o b e e r p e c t e dc l nt h e v a r i o u sc i r c u i t s
( i i i ) c l a i l ya n dy e a r l yv a r i a t i o no f c l c r n a n d
t i l ) a n y s p c c i acl o n d i t i o n ss.u c ha s h a r m o n i c s
(v ) requirements tor control"signallirrg. courrnunication and inlorurationtechrrology. etc.
( v i ) a n t i c i p a t efdu t L r r de c n r a n di l ' s p e c i l i e d .
132.4 Electrical supply systems for safety services or standby electrical supply systems
\\'hcrc a supply lbr saf'ctyserviccsor standby electricalsupply systcnrsis specifiedthe fbllorving shall bt:
tleternrined:
( i ) C h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs' t h es L r p p l y
( i i ) C i r c u i t st o b e s u p p l i e db y t h e s a f - e tsyo u r c e .
132.5 Environmental conditions
132.5.1 Ecluiprnentlikcly to bc cxposedto r'veather.

corrosivcatlnospheres or otheraclverse
conditionsshall
or protectedas may be necessalyto prcvcntdangerarisingliour suchexposLlrc.
be so constructcd
132.5.2 E,quipmentin surroundin-os susceptibleto risk o1' flrc or cxplosion shall be so constructecl
or
and sLrchotherspecialprecautions
nt'otected, shallbc takcu.as to preventdangcr.
132.6 Cross-sectional area of conductors
The cross-scctional area o1-conductorsshall be dctcrmincd for both normal opcratingconditionsanc1.whcrc

.rpprclpriatc. tbr fault conditionsaccordingto:
r i t t l r ca t l r r r i s s i hr lnea r i r n u rtrcr r n p c r r i u r e
( i i ) t h e v o l t a g cd r o pl i n r i t
(iii) the electrourcchanical stresses likely to occurdue to short-circuitar.rdearthfault cr-rrrents
r ir ) othermechanicalstresses to which thc conductorsare likely to be exposed
(\ ) tl.tcr.naximum impcdancclbr opcrationof short-circnitand earthfault protection
i r i ) t h e m e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i o n
r ii) hanronics
, r i ) t h e r m a il n s L r l a t i o n .
132.7 Type of wiring and method of installation
r e c h o i c co f t h et y p eo 1 - r v i r i r .srygs t c uar n dt h e n r e t h o do f i n s t a l l a t i osnh a l li n c l u d ec o n s i d e r a t i oonf t h c ' l b l l o u ' i n g :

r i) The natr-rre of the locaticln
r ) The naturcolthe structuresupportingthe u iring
r i t . A c c e s s i b i l iot yf r i ' i r i n gt o p e r s o n a
s n dl i v e s t o c k
\ ) Voltage
\ ) Thc clectromechanical stresses likely to occul clueto short-circuitand earthfault currents
. i ) Electroma-gr.rctic interf-erence
: ) O t h c r c x t e r n a il n f l u e n c e (se . g .r n e c h a n i c atlh. e m a l a n d t h o s ea s s o c i a t ewdi t h f i r e ) t o w h i c h t h e n i r i n g i s
l i k e l yt o b c c x p o s e cdlu r i n gt h e e r e c t i o no 1 ' t h ee l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i oonl i n s e n i c c - .
'32.8
Protective equipment
- .huracteristics o1-protcctivc shall be deternrinedwith respectto their firnction,includingprotection

cqLripmcnt
- :r>1thc ct'fectsof:
, r)\ercurrcnt(overload.short-circuit)
, carthfhult cr-rrrcnt
f)\ crvoltage
Lrnclen'oltagc and no-r,oltage.
. .:'i)tcctiveclevicesshall opcratc at values of current.voltage and time which are suitably relatedto the
- i c l i s t i c so 1 ' t h ec i r c u i t sa r r dt o t h ep o s s i b i l i t i eosf d a n g c r .
17
132.9 Emergency control
Wlicrc in caseof dangerthere is the neccssityfbr imnrediatcinterruptionol'supply.an interruptingdeviceshall be

and rapidlyoperated.
and e1}'cctively
installedin sucha rvaythat it can be easilyrecognised
132J0 Disconnecting devices
Disconnccting devicesshallbe providedso as to permitswitchingand/orisolationol'the electricalinstallation.

circuits
itemsof equipllentas requiredfor opcration.inspcctiolr,
or individLral testing.uaintenance
ftiultdetection. andrepair.
132.11 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence
The electricalinstallationshall be arrangedin sucha rvay that no mutualdetrimentalinfluencewill occur betu'ecn

electricalinstallalions
and non-electricalir.rstallations.
Electromagnetic shallbc takeninto accctltt.tt.

inlcrl'ercnce
132.12 Accessibility of electrical equipment
Electricalequiprnentshallbe arrangedso as to atfbrdas may be necessary:

(i) sufllcicntspacclbr the initial installationand latcrreplaceurent ol'individualiterrs of electricalequiprnent
( i i ) a c c c s s i b i l i tlyb r o p e r a t i o ni r. r s p e c t i o tne. s t i n gt.a u l td e t e c t i o nm. a i n t e n a n caen dr e p a i r .
132.13 Documentation for the electrical installation

E.,,eryelectrical installationshall be providcd u'ith appropriatcdocumentation,incluclingthat reqr-riredby
P a r t7 .
R e g u l a t i o 5n 1 4 . 9 .P a r t6 a n dw h e r ea p p l i c a b l e
132.14 Protective devices and switches
132.14.1 A single-polefusc.srvitchor circuiLbreakershallbe insertedin the line conductoronly.

'132.14.2 cxcept rvhcrelinked. or fuse shall be inserledin an earthedneutral
No s'"l,itchor circuit-breaker,
conductor.Any linkeclsrvitchor linkedcircuit-breaker insertedin an earthedncutralconductorshallbe arrangedtcl
breal<all the relatcdlinc conductors.
132.15 lsolation and switching
132.15Jl EtJ-ectivemeans,sLritablyplacedfor readycperation.shall be providedso thatall voltager.naybe cut off

to preventor temovedanger.
ficltr evcrycircuitthcreofandliorn all equipment.aslray be necessary
fiont everyinstallation"
132.15.2 Every lixcd clectric rrotor shall be providcd u'ith an efJlcientmeans of switching o11,readily
casilyoperatedand so placedas to preventdanger.
acccssiblc.
133 S E L E C T I O NO F E L E C T R I C A LE Q U I P M E N T
133.1 General
133.1.1 shall compll, ri,'iththe appropriateBritish Standard.In the absenceo1-an
Lvcry itent of equipn.rent
shall be nradcto the appropriateIEC standardor the appropriatenational
appropriatcBritish Standard.ret'ercnce
standardof anothercountry.
133.1.2 Whcrc thcrc are no applicablestarrdalcls.thc item of cquiprnentconcernedshall be sclectedby
spccialagrccrnent
betu'eenthe personspecilyingthe installationand the installer.
133.1.3 e i t h R c g u l a t i o n1 3 3 . 1 . 1o r i s u s e do r - r t s i dt eh e
W h e r ee q u i p n t e ntto b e u s e di s n o t i n a c c o r d a n cw
scopcof ils standard.the designeror other pcrsonresponsiblefbr specilyingthe installationshall conflrm that the
prot,idesat leastthe sariredegrecof saf-ety
eqr-ripn.rent as that affordedby cornpliancewith the Regulations.
133.2 Gharacteristics
Flvery itern of electricaleqLripurent sclectedshall have suitablecharactcristics appropriateto the valr-resand

conditionson ri,hichthc clcsignof the clectrical (scc
installation Section132)is basedarrdshall,in parlicular,fulfil
t
t h e r e q u i r e n r e not sf R e g u l a t i o n1s3 3 . 2 . I o 1 3 3 . 2 . 4 .
133.2.1 Voltage
lrlectricalecluipnrent voltage(nns valuefbr a.c.)likely to

shallbe suitableu'ith respeclto the maximumsteady-state
be appliecl.as r'r'ellas ovcrvoltageslikely to occur.
to takeaccount
tt mal alsobc necessar-v
NOTE: Forcertainecluipnrent. voltagelikelyto occur'.
of'thelorvest
'18
'-.22
Current
- :.lLripttrct.tt shall bc selectedu'ith respectto the nraxiururnsteadycurrent(rrrs valLrefbr a.c.)r.i'hichit has
'' :tirt'tttal scrviceand with respectto the currentlil<elyto be carricclin abnorntalconditionsand thc pcrioci
- - . . , : i t t st i r n eo l ' p r o t e c t i vdee v i c e si.1 ' a n y d) u r i n gu , h i c hi t n . r a yb e e x p e c t c d
t c lf l o u ' .
"-:23 Frequency
' - : . h a l l b e s u i t a b l ef b r t h c l i c q u c n c i e lsi l < e l yt o o c c L lirn t h ec i r c r - r i t .
"-:2 4 Power
- . , c . p t i p t n e nltv h i c h i s s e l e c t e do n l h e b a s i so f i t s p o u ' e rc h a r a c t e r i s t i cssh a l l b e s u i t a b l cf o r t h e d L r 1 1 ,
. : . t o l - t l t ec c l u i p n t e nt la. k i r . rign t oa c c o u ntth e l o a df a c t o ra n c tl h e n o r r n asl e r v i c cc o n d i t i o n s .
'
:: 3 Gonditionsof installation
-,,. r'c1t-tiptnent shall be selectedso as lo withstandsafely the stresses, the envirclnmental conditions(see
- . , J r t1 3 2 . 5 )a n d t h c c h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs i t s l o c a t i o nA
. n itcrr of'ccluipnren
u t, h i c hd o e sn o t b y d c s i g nh a v et h e
. ,r C()rresponding to its locationmay be usecln'hereadequatelurtherprotectionis providedas part of thc
- . : J c ' l c c t r i c ai nl s t a l l a t i o n .
'
-r J Prevention of harmful effects
, --::rcal cqr-ripmerrt shallbe selectedso that it \r,ill not car-rse harnrfulell-ectson other equiprr.rcltt
or inrpairthe
' . : L r r j nngo r m a ls e r v i c ei.n c l i r d i n gs u , i t c h i n g
operations.
". l-! Frrlttplesof characteristics
n'hicharclikclyto haveharnrlirl
efltctsaregivcnin Chapter
-33.
.
.,.! E R E C T I O N A N D I N I T I A L V E R I F I C A T I O NO F E L E C T R I C A L I N S T A L L A T I O N S
':j 1 Erection
' :: 1,1
Good u'orkmanshipby competentpersonsor personsunclertheir supcrvisior.r and propcr rraterials
- - . L t : c ci nl t h e e r c c t i o no l ' t h c c l c c t r i c ailn s t a l l a t i o nE. l e c t r i c a l
e c l u i p m c nsth a l lb e i n s t a l l c di n a c c o r d a n crc, v i t l t
. . :.rctionsprovidedby the manuf-acturer o1'theequipntcnt.
'
:'! 1.2 T h e c h a r a c t e r i s t ioc fs t h e e l e c t r i c ael q u i p r n e n at .s d e t e r u r i n eicnl a c c o r d a r r cwei t h S e c t i o n1 3 3 .s h a l l
-, ::rpuir-ecl by the processof erection.
':-1 (-'ondr"rctors
13 shall bc idcntitledin accordance u,itli Section-5lzl. Where idcntiflcationof terminalsis
. , . . . , r . ) .t h e ys h a l lb e i d c n t i f i e idn a c c o r d a n cwei t h S e c t i o n 5lrl.
'
:! 1.4 E v e r y e l e c t r i c ajlo i n t a n d c o n n e c t i o ns h a l l b e o f p r o p e l c o n s t r u c t i o nr s r c g a r d sc o r . r d u c t a n c c .
,.. ,,n.rlechanicalstrcngthand protection.
" iJ 1 5 Electricalecluiptrentshallbc installcdin sr-rch a lrannerthatthc designtempcraturcs
arenot excccclcd.
" jj '1
.6 Electricalcquipr.nent likely to caLrsc hi-shtclrperaturcsor electricarcs shall be placcclor euardedsc)
- i n i n r i z et h e r i s ko f i g n i t i o no f f - l a r n n r a bm
l ea t e r i a l s .
- : iltc tetnperatureof an cxposedpart clf electricalequipmcntis likcly to causcinjury to personsor livestocl<
-.,:rsltallbe so locatedor guarclecl
as to preventaccidentalcontactthcrervith.
'
:! 1,7 Wherenccessary pLlrposes.
fbr sal'c1y suitable\varningsignsancl/ornoticesshallbe provided.
'
:J 2 Initial verification
' :!
2,1 D L r r i n ge r e c t i o na n d o n c o m p l e t i o no 1 - a ni n s t a l l a t i o or .rr a n a d d i t i o no r a l t e r a t i o nt o a n i n s t a l l a t i o n .
^J:brL- it is put into sen icc-.rppropriateinspectionandtestingshallbc car-ried out bv collpetentpersor.rs to verify
'J r'!'rlr-lirelrents of this Standardhavebeenrnet.
- . , : . r ' i a tcec r t i f i c a t i o n
s h a l lb e i s s u e di n a c c o r d a n cwc i t h S e c t i o n6 3 1 .
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:t 2.2 The designerof the installationshall rlakc a recor.r.rnrendation tbr the intervalto the first periodic
. ' : - i i L r l ta n dt e s ta s c i e t a i l eidn P a r t6 .
',3TE: I-helecluircments of Clhapter 34 (nraintainabilitl,) shouJd bc tal<en intoconsideration.
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P E R I O D I CI N S P E C T I O NA N D T E S T I N G
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)5.1 I t i s r e c o r n u r c n c ltehcalte v e r ye l e c t r i c ai ln s t a l l a t i oins s L r b j e c t et od p e r i o d i ci n s p e c t i o a
n n c tl e s t i n gi.n
' - : . r n c$c -i t h C h a p t c r
62.
19
PART 2
DEFINITIONS
F o r t h e p L l r p o s e so l - t h e R e g u l a t i o n s .t h e f o l l o w i r r g d e f i n i t i o n s s h a l l a p p l y . A s f a r a s p r a c t i c a b l et h e d e f l n i t i o n s a l i g n
'Glossary
witlr the InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary ancl BS 1721 - of electrotechnical.power. teleconlnunicatit-ttt.
e l e c t r o n i c s .l i g h t i n g a n d c o l o u r t c r r n s ' .
Accessor-vA . d e v i c c . o t h c r t h a n c u r r e n t - r r s i n ge q L r i p r n e n ta. s s o c i a t e dw i t h s r - r c he c p r i p r n e not r w i t h t h e w i r i n g o f a n

installation.
A g r i c u l t u r a l a n d h o r t i c u l t u r a l p r e m i s e s . R o o m s . l c l c a t i o l t so r i i f e A si l ' h e r e :
l i v e s t o c ka r e k e p t . o r
f-eed.f-ertilizers.vegelable and aninral products are prodr.rced.stclrecl" prepared or processed,or
p l a n t s a r e g r o w n . s l r c ha s g r e e n h o u s e s .
A m b i e n t t e m p e r a t u r e . T h e t e r n p e r a t u r eo f t h e a i r o r o t h e r n r e d i u m w h e r e t h e e q L r i p r n e ni ts t o b e u s e d .
A m u s e m e n t d e v i c e . R i d e . s t a n d . t e r t i l e o r r l e n r b r a n c b L r i l d i n g .s i d e s t a l l . s i d e s l i o w . t e n t . b o o t h o r - u r a n d s t a n d
i n t e n d e df i r r t h e e n t e r t a i n n r e not f t h e p u b l i c .
A p p l i a n c e . A n i t e r n o f c u r r e n t - L r s i n cgq L r i p m e n ot t h e r " t h a na l r - r t n i n a i ro" er a n i n d e p e n d e n tI l o t o r .
A r m ' s r e a c h . A z o n e o f a c c e s s i b i l i t yt o t o u c h . e x t e n d i n g f i o m a n y p o i n t c l n a s L r r l a c cw h e r e p e r s o n su s u a l l y s t a n c l
o r n r o v e a b o r " rt to t h e l i r n i t si v h i c h a p e r s o nc a n r e a c hw i t h a h a n d i n a n y d i r e c t i o nr v i t h o u ta s s i s t a n c e( .S e e F i g u r e4 1 7 )
A r r a n g e m e n t s f o r l i v e s t o c k k e e p i n g . B u i l d i n g s a n d r o o r n s ( h o L r s i n -fub r a n i m a l s ) . c a g e s .r L r n so r o t h e r c o r t t a i n e r s
L r s e df b r c o n t i n u o u sa c c o m m o d a t i o no f l i v c ' s t o c k .
B a c k - u p p r o t e c t i o n . P r o t e c t i c t nu ' h i c h i s i n t e n d e c lt o o p e r a t c w h e n a s y s t e n r f a u l t i s n o t c l e a r e d . o r a b n o r t n a l
c o n d i t i o r rr r o t d e t e c t e d .i n t h e r e q r . r i r e tdi n r e b e c a u s eo f f i r i l L r r co r i n a b i l i t y o l ' o t h e r p r o t e c t i o t tt o o p e r a t eo r
f - a i l L r roef t h e a p p r o p r i a t ec i r c L r i t - b r e a k c r ( st o) t r i p .
Barrier. A parl providing a deflned degreeof protectionagainstcontactrvith live pafis tionr any usLraldirection of access.
B a s i c i n s u l a t i o n . I n s L r l a t i o na p p l i e d t o l i v e p a r t s t o p r o v i d e b a s i c p r o t e c t i o na n d r v h i c h c l o e sn o t n e c e s s a r i l yi n c l u d e
i n s L r l a t i o nu s c d c x c l r - r s i v c l yf b r f u n c t i o n a l p L r r p o s e s .
B a s i c p r o t e c t i o n . P r o t e c t i o na g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k u n d e r t a u l t - f i e e c o n d i t i o n s .
NoTE:Fclrlow'r,oltageirlstal|aticlns.systet-t-tsancleqLripIrreIlt.basicprotectic.ltl
c l i r c cct o n t a c tt.h a ti s ' " c o n t a cot f p c r s o n so r l i v c s t o c ku i t h l i l ' e p a r t s " .
B a s i n o f f b u n t a i n . A b a s i n n o t i n t e n d e d t o b e o c c u p i e d b y p e r s o n s a n d w h i c h c a n n o t b e a c c e s s e d( r e a c h e d b y
s h i c h n r a y b e o c c L r p i e db y p e r s o n s .t h e
p e r s o n s )w i t h o L r tt h e u s e o f l a d d e r so r s i n r i l a r m e a n s .F o r b a s i n so f f b r - r n t a i nw
r e c l u i r e m e n t fsb r s w i r n n r i n - up o o I s a p p I y .
B o n d i n g c o n d u c t o r . A p r o t e c t i v ec o n d L l c t o rp r o l ' i d i n g c q u i p o t e r r t i abl o n d i n g .
gcnerally for pleasr"rr"e

eqr-ripnrent
Booth. Non-stationaryunit. intendcd to accor.r-rrnodate or dcmonstrationpLrrposes.
B u i l d i n g v o i d , a c c e s s i b l e .A s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s t r u c t r - r roer t h e c o r n p o n e n t so f a b u i l d i n g a c c e s s i b l co n l y a t c e r t a i n
p o i n t s . S L r c hv o i c l s i n c l L r d et h e s p a c e i ' , i t l r i n p a r : t i t i o n s .s r , r s p e n d e fdl o o r s . c e i l i n g s a n d c e r t a i n t y p e s o f w i n d o w
fiittre. cJoorfl-arneand architrave.
B u i l d i n g v o i d , n o n - a c c e s s i b l e .A s p a c e w i t h i n t h e s t r u c t r - r roer t l r e c o m p o n e n t so f a b u i l d i n g w h i c h h a s n o r e a d y
r n e a n so f a c c c s s .
B u n c h e d . C a b l e s a r e s a i d t o b e b u r n c h e dw h e n t w o o r r n o r e a r e c o n t a i n e dw i t h i n a s i n g l e c o n d u i t . d u c t . d u c t i n g . o r
t r u r r k i n go r . i f n o t e n c l o s e d .a r e n o t s e p a r a t e cf li o n r c a c h o t h e r b y a s p e c i l l c d d i s t a n c e .
B u s b a r t r u n k i n g s - v s t e m .A t y p e - t e s t e da s s e m b l y .i n t h e f o r m o f a n e n c l o s e dc o n d u c t o r s y s t e n rc o t r p r i s i n g s o l i d
c o n d u c t o r - s e p a r a t e db y i n s L r l a t i n -run a t e r i a l .T h e a s s e m b l ym a y c o n s i s to l - r - r r r i tssu c h a s :
b u s b a rt r L r n k i n gi r n i t s .w ' i t h o r w i t h o u t t a p - o l ' l ' f a c i l i t i e s
t a p - o f f u r r i t sw h e r e a p p l i c a b l e
p h a s c - t r a n s p o s i t i o rer r. p a n s i o n . b u r r l d i n g - n r o v c r r e n t l.e x i b l e . e n d - f ' e c d ear n d a d a p t o ru n i t s .
NOTE: nray inclLrcle
Othcr systenrconrponents tap-of)-units.
20
Cable bracket. A horizontal cable support system, consisting of elements fixed at one end only. spaced at intervals
along the lengthof the cableand on which the cablerests.
C a b l e c h a n n e l . A n e n c l o s l t r es i t u a t e da b o v c o r i n t h e g r o u n d , v e n t i l a t e c o
l r c l o s e d . a n d l i a v i n g d i r n e n s i o n sw h i c h
do rtot perllit the accessof persons br-rtallow accessto the corrduitsand/or cables throughout their length dr,rrin-u and
a l t e r i n s t a l l a t i o n .A c a b l e c h a n n e l r r a y o r r n a y n o t f b r r r p a r t o f t l i e b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n .
Cable cleat. A cotlrponent of a sr,tpportsystetr. which consists of elernentsspaced at irrtervalsalong t h e l e n g t h o f

t h e c a b l e o r c c l n d u i ta n d w h i c h r l e c h a n i c a l l y r e t a i n st h e c a b l e o r c o n d u i t .
C a b l e c o u p l e r . A t n e a n so 1 ' c n a b l i n gt h e c o n n e c t i o r ro r d i s c o n n e c t i o n "a t w i l l . o f t w o f l c x i b l e c a b l e s .l t c o n s i s t so f a
c o n n e c t o ra n d a p l u g .
C a b l e d u c t i n g . A t l e n c l o s l t r eo f t r e t a l o r i l t s u r l a t i n -ren a t e r i a l .o t h e r t h a n c o n d u i t o r c a b l e t r r . r n k i n gi.n t e n d e d f b r t h e
p r o t e c t i o no f c a b l e sw h i c h a r e d r a w n i n a f t e r e r e c t i o no f t h e d u c t i r r g .
C a b l e l a d d e r . A c a b l e s L r p p o r tc o n s i s t i n s o f a s e r i e s o f t r a n s v e r s es r - r p p o r t i n ge l e r n e n t sr i g i c l l y f l x e d t o l t a i n
l o n g i t L r d i n asl L r p p o r t i n gr n e r n b e r s .
C a b l e t r a y . A c a b l c s l l p p o r t c o n s i s t i t - t os f a c o n t i n u o u sb a s e w i t h r a i s e c el d - e e sa n d n o c o v e r i p g . A c a b l e t r a y m a y c l r
n r a y l t ( ) tb c p e r l i r r a t e d .
C a b l e t r u n k i n g . A c l o s e d e n c l o s u r e n o r m a l l y o f r e c t a n g u l a r c r o s s - s e c t i o n .o f w h i c h o n e s i d e i s r e r n o v a b l e o r
l l i r r g e d ,L r s e df b r t h c p r o t e c t i o no f c a b l e sa n d f b r t h e a c c o r n r n o d i i t i o no f o t h e r e l e c t r i c a le q u r i p r n e n t .
C a b l e t u n n e l . A c o r r i d o r c o n t a i t r i l t s s L l p p o r t i r t gs t r r . t c t u r efsb r c a b l e s a r r d j o i n t s a r r d / o r o t h e r e l e r r e n t s o f w i r i n g
s y s t e l l l sa n d u ' h o s e d i t n e n s i o n sa l l o w p e r s o n st o p a s sf i e e l y t h r o r - r g h o ut th e e n t i r e l e n g t h .
C a r a v a n . A t r a i l e r l e i s t r r ea c c o l t l l l o d a t i o n v e h i c l c . L r s e df b r t o u r i n g . d e s i g n e d t o n t e e t t h e r e q L r i r e l r e n t sf b r t h e
c o n s t r l t c t i o na n d u s e o f r o a d v e h i c l e s ( s e e a l s o d e l l n i t i o n s o f M o t o r c a r a v a na n d L e i s u r ea c c o r x r t r o d a t i o n vehicle).
C a r a v a n p a r k / c a m p i n g p a r k . A r e a o f l a n d t h a t c o n t a i n st w o o r n t o r e c a r a v a np i t c h e sa n d / o r t e n t s .
C a r a v a n p i t c h . P l o t o f g r o u n d i n t e n d e dt o b e o c c r - r p i e bd y a l e i s u r ea c c o r l n t o d a t i o nv e h i c l e .
C a r a v a n p i t c h e l e c t r i c a l s u p p l y e q u i p m e n t . E q u i p r n e n t t h a t p r o v i d e s l r e a n s o f c o r r n e c t i n ga n c l d i s c o n n e c t i l g
s t r p p l yc a b l e sf i o r t t l e i s L l r ea c c o r l u - n o d a t i ovne h i c l e so r t e n t s w i t h a n t a i n s e l e c t r i c a ls L r p p l y .
Cartridge fuse link. A device cort-rprisinga firsc eletrent or two or lrore firse elernents connected in parallel
e n c l o s e di n a c a r t r i d g er . r s L r a l fl yl l l e d w ' i t h a r c - e r t i n g u i s h i n gr n e d i u r na n d c o n n e c t e dt o t e r m i n a t i o n s( s e e f i r s e l i l k ) .
Central power supply svstem. A systenrsLrpplyin-u

the reclLriredenrergencypower to essentialsafbty equipmept.
C i r c u i t . A n a s s e n r b l yo l e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t s L r p p l i e df i o r n t h e s a m e o r i g i n a n d p r o t e c t e da g a i n s t o v e r c u r r e n tb y
t h e s a r t r ep r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e ( s ) .
C i r c u i t - b r e a k e r . A d e v i c e c a p a b l e o f r n a k i n g . c a r r y i r r ua n d b r e a k i n g n o n n a l l o a d c u r r e n t s a n d a l s o p a k i n g a n d
t l t " t t o t r a t i c a l l yb r e a k i n g . u n d e r p r e - d e t c r m i n e c cl o n d i t i o n s . a b n o r m a l c u r r e n t s s u c h a s s h o r t - c i r c u i t c u r r e n t s . I t i s
Lrstrallyrequired to operate infiequerrtly althoLrghsome types are sLritablefbr fieqLrentoperation.
C i r c u i t - b r e a k e r , l i n k e d . A c i r c L r i t - b r e a k etrh c c o n t a c t s o f w h i c h a r c ' s o a r r a n g e d a s t o r n a k e o r b r e a k a l l p o l e s
s i m u l t a n e o u s l yo r i n a d e f l n i t e s e q L r e n c e .
C i r c u i t p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r ( c p c ) . A p r o t e c t i v ec o n d u c t o r c o n n e c t i n ge r p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r tosf e q g i p r n e n tt o
t l r e n r a i n e a r t h i n - ut e r m i n a l .
C l a s s I e q u i p m e n t . E c l u i p t r t e r ri tn w h i c h p r o t e c t i o t -at g a i r r s te l e c t r i c s h o c k d o e s n o t r e l y o n b a s i c i n s u l a t i o n o l l y .
b L r tw l i i c h i n c l u d e s l r e a n s f b r t h e c o n n e c t i o n o f e r p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t tso a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r i n t h e f i x e c l
w i r i n g o f t h e i n s t a l l a t i o (ns e eB S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C l a s s I I e q u i p m e n t . E q L r i p t t t e nitn w l i i c h p r o t e c t i o n a g a i r r s te l e c t r i c s h o c k d o e s n o t r e l y o n b a s i c i n s r - r l a t i o on n l y ,
b u t i r r w h i c h a d d i t i o n a l s a f ' e t yp r e c a u t i o t t ss t t c h a s s u p p l e r r e n t a r yi n s u l a t i o n a r e p r o v i c l e d ,t h e r e b e i n g n o p r o v i s i o n
f b r t h e c o r r n e c t i o no f e x p o s e d m e t a l w o r k o f t h e e q u i p n t e n t t o a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r , a n d n o r c l i a l c e u p o n
p r e c a u t i o t rtso b e t a k e n i r r t h e f l r e d w i r i n g o f t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n( s e e B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C l a s s I I I e q u i p m e n t . E q L r i p t . n e ni nt w h i c h p r o t e c t i o n a g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k r e l i e s o n s r , r p p l ya t S E L V a p d i n w h i c h
v o l t a g e sh i g h e r t h a n t h o s eo f S E L V a r e n o t g e n e r a r e d( s e eB S E N 6 1 1 4 0 ) .
C o l d t a i l . T h e i n t e r f b c eb e t w e c n t h e f l x e d i n s t a l l a t i o na r r da h e a t i n s u n i 1 .
21
Com pet ent person. A pcrson r,l'ho possesses sLrfflcient t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e . r e l e v a t r t p r a c t i c a l s k i l l s a t l c J
c r pc r ienc ef o r t h e n a t L t r eo f t h e c l e c t r i c a l w o r k L t n d e r t a k e na n d i s a b l e a t a l l t i n r e s t o p r e v c l t t d a n g e r a n d . w h e r e
appr opr iat e. injLrryto hinr/lierself artclotliers.
Complementar-v tloor heating. Direct heating syslem integrated into tltc f'loor constrLtctiotl.fbr eratrlple. irl tlle
b o r c l e rz o l e s c l o s e t o 6 1 r t e rw a l l s . w h i c h c o n t p l e n t e n t st h e h e a t d i s s i p a t i o no f a t h e n t t a l s t o r a g ef l o o r h e a t i t l gs y s t e t l l .
Conducting location with restricted movement. A location corrrprisedntainly of ntetallic orcotrductive surrontrdirlg
p a r t s . r v i t h i n r v h i c l i i t i s l i l < e l yt h a t a p c r s o n w i l l c o m e i n t o c c l n t a c t h r o u g h a s u b s t a n t i a lp o r t i o n o f t h e i r b o d y w i t h
t h e c o n c l r - r c t i vscu r r o g n c l i n gp a r t s a n d r v l t e r et h e p o s s i b i l i t y o 1 ' p r e v e n t i t t gt h i s c o r t t a c ti s l i l r i t e d .
C o n d u i t . A p a r t o f a c l o s e c lw r r i n g s y s t e n rf b r c a b l e s i r r c l e c t r i c a l i l t s t a l l a t i o t r sa. l l o l v i r t g t h e t l l t o b e d r a w n i r - ra n d / o r
r e p l a c e d .b L t tn o t i n s e r t c dl a t e r a l l y .
C o n n e c t 6 r . T h e p a r t o f a c a b l e c o u p l e r o r o f a n a p p l i a n c c c o l t p l e r w l i i c h i s p r o v i d e d w i t h f ' e m a l ec o n t a c t sa n d i s
i n t c n c l e dt o b e a t t a c h c dt o t h e c n c lo l ' t h c t l c r i b l c c a b l e r e t n o t ef i ' o m t h e s t r p p l y .
C o n s u m e r u n i t ( l t a y a l s o b c l < p s n ' r .ar s a c o n s L u n e rc o n t r o l r - r n i to r e l e c t r i c i t y c o r - r t r oul n i t ) . A p a r t i c L r l a rt y p e o f '

c l i s t r i b g t i o nb o a r c l c o r l l t r i s i n g a t y p e - t e s t e dc o - o r d i n a t c d a s s c t n b l y f b r t h e c o t t t r o l a r r d c l i s t r i b u t i c l no 1 ' e l e c t r i c a l
e p e r s y . p r i n c r p a l l y i n c l o n r e s t i cp r c n r i s c s .i n c o r p o r a t i n s n r a n u a l n t c a n s o f d o L r b l c - p o l ei s o l n t i o n o n t h e i n c o t t t i t t g
c i r c L r i r ( sa) n c l1 p a s s c p r b l l , i l f g n e o r n l o r e f i r s e s .c i r c L r i t - b r e a k e r sr c. s i d L r acl t t r r e n to p e r a t c dc l c v i c e so r s i g r l a l l i n ga n d
o t h e r c l e v i c e sp r o \ , ' c l ct l L r r i n gt h e t y p c - t e s to f t h e a s s e t t t b l ya s s L r i t a b l ef o r s L t c hu s e .
ControlgeAr /,\r'r' Stri It' ltgt'ttt'

1
C o n y e n t i o n a l i m p u l s c r r i t h s t a n d l , o l t a g e . T h e p e a k v a l r - r co f a n i m p r - t l s et e s t v o l t a g c a t w h i c h i r l s l t l a t i o t ld o e s n o t
shclu'ariy''clisrrrptireclischargcrr'hct-tsrrb.jectec1toaspeci1
specifiecl cond it ir-rns.
Current-carrying capacitl' of a concluctor. The nrarirnurr current which can be carried by a corldLtctorltndet'specifled
c o r i d i t i o n sn ' i t h o L r ti t s s t e a c l y - s t a ttce n r p e r a t u r ec r c c e c l i n ga s p c c i f l c d v a l u e .
which convefts electricalenergy into atrotherlbrtt-ro1'eneruy.such as light, heat

Current-using equipment. Ecpriprtrcnt
or nrotivc po\\ cr.
D a n g e r . R i s k o f i n . j u n t o p c r s o n s( a n d l i v e s t o c k w l i e r c e x p c c t e dt o b e p r e s e n t )f l - o r l l :
(i) f l r c . e l e c t r " i cs I o c l i . .b u r n s . a r c i n g a n d e r p l o s i o n a r i s i t - t gl r o n i t h e u s e o f e l c c t r i c a le n c r g y . a n d
(ii) r l e c h a 6 i c a l r . t r 6 r e p t e po t f e l e c t r i c a l l y c o n t r o l l e d e c l u i p n t e t r t i.t t s o f h r a s s u c h d a r l g e r i s i n t e n d e d t o bc
p r e v e p t c c lb y ' c l c c t r i c a l e m e r g c n c y s w i t c l i i n g o r b y e l e c t r i c a l s w i t c h i n g f b r n t c c h a n i c a l t ] ] a i n t e n a l l c co f
n o n - c l e c t t ' i c apl a r t s o f s t t c l te t l L t i p t t t c t t t .
of the cllrrent (rnis value lbr a.c.) to be carried by the circLritirr tltlrtllal
Design current (of a circuit). The nragnitLrcle
s e r vi c e .
Device for connecting a luminaire (DCL). Systent cornprising an outlet and a conlrectorproviclin-ua lked lr-rtrirlaire
l i o n r a f l r c d i n s t a l l a t i o r rb r - r nt o t p r o v i d i n g m c c h a n i c a ls L r p p o r lt b r a
r v i t h e l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i c - rtno a n c lc j i s c o n l r e c t i o n
lr-rrr-rinairc.
Direct contact Daletcd b.r'BS 7(t71: 2008 (.saaBusit' 1tt'rtlec/

irttt).
D i r e c t h e a t i n g s v s t e m . H c a t i n g s y s t e n tw h i c h g c t r e r a t e sh c a t l l ' o n r e l e c t r i c a lc n e r g y a n d d i s s i p a t e si t t o t h e r o o l l l t o
b e h e a t e dw i t h a r c s p o n s et i n t e b c i r r ga s l o r . ra' s p o s s i b l c .
- see Appertclir 9.
d.c. s-v-stcms
spccificd
Disconnector. A r-lcchapicalswitching clevicewhich. in the open position. cotlplies with thc reclr-rirctrlellts
I o r t h c i s o l u t i n gI t t t t c t i o t t .
is otlleni'isektttrut.llts lttt istrllttot'.
NOTE 1: A cliscottltcctor
NoTE2:Acliscorlncct()riscapab|ctl|clpcItitlgarrdclosiIlgacircr-ritu'Ilcneitherarre.tIli-t]iblecttrretrt
1 s s i g l i t i c l n t c 6 a n g ci n t h c v o l t a g ea.c r o s st h e t e r n r i n a los 1 ' e a c hp o l e o 1 ' t h cc l i s c o n n e c toocr c l l r s .I t i s a l s oc a p a b l eo l '
carfVlllgCtlrrentStttrc1crtltrrtltalcirctritctlIlclititlttsitnc1carryinglilra
s u c l ra s t h o s co l ' s h o r t - c i r c t r i t .
D i s t r i b u t i o n 5 o a r d . A p a s s c r l b l y c o n t a i n i n g s w i t c h i n g o r p r o t e c t i v e c l e v i c e s( e . g . f i r s e s .c i r c L r i t - b r e a k e r sr c. s i d r - r a l
currcpt operatccldevices) associatedil'ith one or lnore or-rtgoingcircuits f'ed ll'orn one or lllore incotning circLtits"
t o g c t h e r w , i t h t e r p r i p a l s l b r t l t c n e u t r a l a n c i c i r c L r i tp r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r s .l t n t a y a l s o i l t c l L t d es i g n a l l i l i g a r l d o t h e r
c o n t r o l d c v i c e s . M c a n s o f i s o l a t i o l tn t a y b c i r r c l L r c l ei dn t h e b o a r c lo r l l a y l r c p r o v i d e d s e p a r a t c l y .
22
Distribution circuit. A circLritsLrpplyinga drstributronboarcJor switchgear.
A c l i s t r i b L t t i o ct ti r c l t i t t t t a v a l s c 'cr c l r r n e ctth e o r i g i n o f a n i r r s t a l l a t i o nt o a n o u t l y i n g b L r r l d i n gr ) t ' s t - - p a r a ti n

es t a l l a t i o n .
r i , h e ni t i s s o l r i c t i r n e sc a l l e d a s u b - n r a i r r .
Distributor. A persottri'ho distributeselcctricityto consunrersLrsingelectricallines ancJecluiprncntthat lte/sheowlts or

operates.
D o u b l e i n s u l a t i o n . l n s L r l a t i ocno r n p r i s i n sb o t h b a s i c i n s u l a t i o rar n d s u p p l c n t e n t a r iyn s L r l a t i o n .
Duct, Ducting (.s'aa('ultlc tlttt'tin,q).
E a r t h . T l r c c o r l d L t c t i v et r t a s so l ' t h c E a r t h . w l t o s e c l c c t r i c p o t e n t i a la t a n y p o i r r t i s c o n v r . n t i o n a l l yt a k e n a s z c r o .
Earth electrode. CortclLtctivp e a r t . w h i c h n r a y b e e n t b e d d e d i n t h e s o i l o r i n a s p e c i f i c c o n d L r c t i v en t e c l i u n t .e . g .

c o n c r e t eo r c o l < c .i n e l e c t r i c a lc o n t a c t r i ' i t l r t h e E a r t h .
E a r t h e l e c t r o d e r e s i s t a n c e .T h c r c s i s t a n c eo f a r r e a r t h c l c c t r o d et o E a r t h .
E a r t h l a u l t c u r r e n t . A t . t o v e r c u r r e n tr e s u l t i n - {f l ' o t n a f a L r l to f n e g l i g i b l e i n t p e c l a r r c b
e e t w e c n a l i n e c o n c l u c t o ra n d
t l l c \ l ) ( ) s c d - c o r r d rtrier c - p l r r t( ) r 'l l l ) t ' ( ) t c c t icr c o r r d t r c t o r ' .
Earth fault loop impedance. Thc irnpeclance o l - t h c c a r t h f h L r l tc r - r r r e nl to o p s t a r t i n ga n c le n d i n g a t t h e p o i n t 9 f e a r t h

f a L r l t .T h i s i n r p e d a n c ei s d e n o t c d b y t h e s y r l b o l 2 . .
T h e c a r t h f a L r l tl o o p c o n r p r i s e st h c f b l l o w i n s . s t a r t i n ga t t h e p c l i r r to f l a u l t :
- t h c c i r c u i t p r o t e c t i v ec o n c l u c t o r a. n c l
- t h e c o t t s l u l e r ' s e a r t l t i n , gt e n n i n a l a n d e a r t h i n g c o n c l u c t o r a . nd
- l b r T N s y s t e l l s . t h e r r c t a l l i c r e t L r r np a t h . a n d
- f o r T T a n d l T s y s t e n t s t. l t e E a r t h r e t u r n p a t h . a n d
- t l i e p a t l t t h r o u g l t t l t e e a r t h e cnl c u t r a l p o i n t o 1 - t h et r a n s f b r r l e r .a n d
- t h e t r a n s f o n t r c rr i ' i n d i n g . a n c l
- t h c I i r r c c o n d u c t o r f l ' o n rt h c t r i i r r s f b n l c r t o t l i e p o i n t o f f a L r l t .
Earth feakage current (.;aaP rrttac'ti ya crtntlttr'Irtr cttt't't,tt|

).
E a r t h e d c o n c c n t r i c w i r i n g . A w i r i n , l rs y s t e l n i n i v l t i c h o n e o r I n o r e i n s u l a t e dc o n d u c t o r sa r e c o l l p l e t e l y s u r r o u n d e c J
t h r o t t g h o t r t h e i r l e n g t h b y a c o n c l L r c t o rl b. r e r a n r p l e a n r e t a l l i cs h e a t h .w h i c h a c t s a s a P E N c o n c J u c t o r .
E a r t h i n g . C o t l n e c t i o r t o l ' t l t e c x p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t os f a n i n s t a l l a t i o n t o t h e n t a i n e a r t l t i n g t c l t - r i n a l o f t h a t
installation.
E a r t h i n g c o n d u c t o r . A p r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r c c ' r n t t c c t i ntgh e r l a i n c a r t h i n g t e n t r i n a l o f a 1 i n s t a l l a t i o nt o a p e a r t h
e l c c t r o c l co r t o o t h e r 't r c a n s o f ' e a r t h i n u .
E l e c t r i c s h o c k . A d a l t g c r o L rp
s l t y s i o l o g i c a lc l ' l - c c tr e s u l t i n g f i o m t h e p a s s i r r go f a n c l e c t r i c c L r r r c n t l r r o L r , r ral tI r L r p r a p
body or live'stock.
E l e c t r i c a l c i r c u i t f b r s a l ' e t y ' s e r v i c e sE. l e c t r i c a lc i r c L r i ti n t e n d e dt o b e u s e d a s p a r t o 1 ' a ne l e c t r i c a ls L r p p l ys v s t c n tf b r

sal-etyserr,ices.
E l e c t r i c a l s o u r c e l b r s a f ' e t ys' e r v i c e s . E l e c t r i c a l s o L r r c ci n t e n d e d t o b c u s e c la s p a r t o f a n e l e c t r i c a l s L r p p l ys y s t e n t
fbr saf'etyscrviccs.
E l e c t r i c a l s u p p l y ' s y s t e m f b r s a f ' e t 1 ' s e r v i c e sA. s u p p l y s y s t c t r i n t e n c l e dt o r n a i n t a i r rt h e o p e r a t i o no 1 - c s s e p t i apl a r t s

o f a n e l c c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o na n c le c l L r i p m e n t :
(i) f b r t h c I t e a l t ha n d s a f ' e t yo f p e r s o n sa n d l i v e s t o c k .a n c l
(ii) t o a v o i c lc l a n t n g et o t h e e n v i r o n r n e n ta n d t o o t h c r e c l u i p n t e n t .
NOTE: T h c s t r 1 t 1 t l 1 ' s y s ti n
cnc lrL r d et h
s e s o u r c ca n c tl h e c i r c L r i t ( su)p t o t h et e r r n i n a losf t h c e l e c t r i c acl c l L r i p n t e n t .
E f e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ( a b b r : l l t l t r i l t m a n l ) . A n y i t e n t f o r s u c h p u r p o s e s a s g e n e r a t i t ' r nc. o n v e r s i o n . t r a n s p r i s s i g r r .
d i s t r i b L r t i o to. tr t t t i l i s i t t i o no f e l e c t r i c a l e n e r g y . s u c l t a s t n a c h i n e s .t r a n s f o n r e r s . a p p a l ' a t u s n
. t e a s u r i n gi n s t r u n t e n t s .
protectii.,d e c l ' i c e s .u i r i n g s y s t e r l s .a c c e s s o r i e sa. p p l i a n c c sa n c ll L r m i n a i r e s .
E f e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n ( a b b r : l u . ; l u l l u l i r . , n )A. n a s s e r r i b l yo f a s s o c i a t e de l e c t r i c a l e q u i p n t e n t h a v i n s c g - o r d i r r a t e c l
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c st o f i r l f i l s p e c i f i c p L r r p o s e s .
23
Electricallv independent earth electrodes. Earth electrodes located at such a distance fiorn one another that the
curreltt likely to florv through one of thenr does rrot sigrrificantly af-fectthe potenlial of the other(s).
ntarir.r.rLrr.rr
Electrode boiler (or electrode water heater). Eclr-ripnren f ot r t h e e l e c t r i c a l h e a t i n g o f w a t e r o r e l e c t r o l y t e b y t h e

p a s s a g c ' o fa n e l e c t r i cc u r r e l r tb e t w e e ne l e c t r o d e si t n r n e r s e di n t h e w a t e r o r e l e c t r o l y t e .
Electronic convertor (static conl'ertor). A convcftor having no tnovit'tgpartsand notably using setniconductorrectif-iers.
E m e r g e n c y s t o p p i n g . E n r e r g e n c ys w i t c l i i n g i n t e n d c dt o s t o p a l t o p e r a t i o n .
E m e r g e n c l , ' s w i t c h i n g . A n o p e r a t i c ' rirn" t e n d e dt o r e r . n o v ea. s q L r i c k l ya s p o s s i b l e .d a n g e r .w h i c h n t a y h a v e o c c u r r e d

Lrncxpcctcdly.
F l n c l o s u r e . A p a r t p r o v i d i n g p r c t t c c t i c - ronf e c l L r i p n r e nat - q a i r t s ct e r t a i n e r t e r n a l i n f ' l r - r e n c easn d i n a n y d i r e c t i o n

providing basicprotcction.
t)quipmen t (.s'
ca E I acI r i cttI aqt ri 1ttrt
att| ).
E q u i p o t e n t i a l b o n d i n g . E l e c t r i c a l c o n n e c t i o n n r a i n t a i n i r r g v a r i o u s e x p o s e d - c o n d r " t c t i ' n ' e - p aarnt sd e x t r a n e o u s -

condrrctive-partsat substantially thc same potential. (See alsclProtct'live aquiyttanticrl bonding.)
E s c a p e r o u t e . P a t h t o f b l l o u ' 1 b r a c c e s st o a s a f ' ea r c a i n t h e e v e n t o f a n e l r e r g e n c y .
E x h i b i t i o n . E v c n t i n t c n d c c lf i r r t h e p u r p o s e o f d r s p l a y i r r ga n d / o r s e l l i n g p r o d u c t s e t c . . w h i c h c a n t a k e p l a c e i n a n y
sLritablckrcatii'r"r.either il roonr. builcling or ten.tporarystructure.
E x p o s e d - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t . f ' o n d u c t i v e p a r t o l ' e c l u i p m c n tw h i c h c a n b e t o r " r c h e ad n d w h i c h i s n o t n o n r r a l l y l i v e , b u t

w h i c h c a r rb e c o m c l i v c u h c n b a s i ci n s L r l a t i ofna i l s .
E x t e r n a l i n l l u e n c e . A n y ' i n l l t r e n c c c x t e r n a l t o a n e l e c t r i c a l i r r s t a l l a t i o nw h i c h a f l - e c t st h e d e s i g n a n d s a f ' eo p e r a t i o n
o 1 -t h a t i n s t a l a t i o r i .
E,xtra-fow voltage (.st't'l'olttrgt', ttortti uul).
E x t r a n e o u s - c o n d u c t i v e - p a r t . A c o n d u c t i i , ' ep a r t l i a b l e t o i n t r o d u c e a p o t e r r t i a l .g e n e r a l l y E a r t h p o t e n t i a l . a n d n o t
l b n r i n g p a r t o f t h e e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
t e v i c e so r b o o t h s a r e e r e c t e df b r l e i s u r eL r s e .
F a i r g r o u n d . A r e a u ' h c r e o n e o r l n o r e s t a n d s .a r r L r s s l r e n d
F a u l t . A c i r c u i t c o n c i i t i o ni r t r i ' h i c h c u r r e n t f l o w s t h r o r - r g ha t r a b n o r t n a lo r u n i n t e n d e dp a t h . T h i s m a y r e s u l t f i o r n a n
i n s u l a t i o n l a i l u r e o r a b r i d g i n g o f i n s r - r l a t i o nC. o r r v e n t i o n a l l yt h e i r n p e d a n c eb e t w e e n l i v e c o n d u c t o r s o r b e t w e e n
l i v e c o n d L r c t o r as n d e x p t - r s c col -r e x t r a n c o L r s - c o n d u c t i v e - p aar ttst h e f a u l t p o s i t i o n i s c o r t s i d c r e dn e g l i g i b l e .
F a u l t c u r r e n t . A c u r r c n t r e s u l t i n - g1 l - o nar l a u r l t .
F a u l t p r o t e c t i o n . P n r t e c t i c t na g a i n s te l e c t r i c s h o c k u n d e r s i r r g l e - l a L rcl to n d i t i o n s .
NOTE: lrur lou voltasc installations. systcnlsand ecluipntcnt.lhLrltprotectiongenerallycorrcspclnds to protectionagainst
inclirectcontacl.rtrainly*ith regarclto tirilureof basicinsulation.lrrclirect contactis "contactof personsor livcstock
u ' i t h c r p o s e c l - c o n r i r , r c t i v e -rpvahri ct shh a v eb e c o t r cl i v e u n d c rf a u l tc o n d i t i o n s " .
F i n a l c i r c u i t . A c i r c u i t c o n n c c t c d d i r e c t l y t o c u r r e n t - L r s i n ue q L r i p r n e n to. r t o a s o c k e t - o u t l e to r s o c k e t - o u t l e t so r
o t h e r o L r t l c lp o i n t s 1 o r t l i c c o n r r c c l i o no f s u c h e c l u i p r n e n t .
F i r e d e q u i p m e n t . E c l L r i p m c ndt e s i g n e dt o b e f - a s t c n e tdo a s u p p o r to r o t h e r w i s es e c u r e di n a s p e c i f i c l o c a t i o n .
F l e x i b l e c a b l e . A c a b l e u , h o s es t n r c t u r ea n d r n a t e r i a l sm a k e i t s u i t a b l et o b e f l e r e d w h i l e i n s e r v i c e .
F l e x i b l e c o r d . A f ' l e x i b l ec a b l e i n i , i ' h i c ht h c c r o s s - s e c t i o n aal r e a o f e a c h c o n d u c t o r d o e s n o t e x c e e d4 m m 2 .
F l e x i b l e s h e e t h e a t i n g e l e m e n t . H e a t i n g c l c m e n t c o n s i s t i n g o f s h e e t s o f e l e c t r i c a l i n s u l a t i o n l a r n r n a t e dw i t h
e l e c t r i c a lr c s i s t a n c cn t a t c r i a l .o r a b a s e r r a t e r i a l o n w h i c h e l e c t r i c a l l yi n s u l a t e dh e a t i n gw i r e s a r e f l x e d .
F l e x i b l e w i r i n g s v s t e m . A w i r i n g s y s t e n l d e s i g n e dt o p r o v i d e r n c c h a n i c a lf l c x i b i l i t y i n u s e w i t h o r - r d
t e g r a d a t i o no f
t h e c l c c t r i c a lc o n - r p o n c n t s .
F u n c t i o n a l e a r t h . E a r t h i n g o l ' a p o i n t o r p o i n t s i n a s y s t e r no r i n a r r i n s t a l l a t i o no r i n e q r - r i p m e n tf .b r p u r p o s e so t h e r
t h a n e l e c t r i c a ls a f - e t ys. L r c ha s l o r p r o p c r l i r n c t i o n i n go f e l e c t r i c a le q u i p n t e n t .
F u n c t i o n a l e x t r a - l o r v v o l t a g e ( F E L \ ' ) . A n e r t r a - l o w v o l t a g e s y s t e r ni n w h i c h n o t a l l o f t h e p r o t e c t i v e m e a s L l r e s
r e c l r - r i r el b
c lr S E L V o r P E L V h a v e b e e n a p p l i e c l .
24
Func t ionals wit ch i n g .A n o p e ra ti o ni n te n d e dto sw i tch' on' or' of| or vary the sLrppl of
y el ectri calenergyto al l or
part of an installationfbr norrlal operatingpurposcs.
Fus e.A dev ic ew h i c h .b y th e rn e l ti n go 1 ' o n eo r rl ore of i ts speci al l ydesi gnedand proporti oned
components. op ens
th e c ir c uitin whic h i t i s i n s e rte db y b re a k i n -s
th e currentw hen thi s exceedsa gi venval uefor a suffi ci entti rne.The
firsecornprises all the partsthat fbrrn the cornpletedevice.
Fus ec ar r ier . T he m o v a b l ep a rto f a fu s ed e s i g ned

to carrya fi rsel i nk.
Fuseelement.A part of a firsedesignedto rneltwhen the firseoperates.
Fus elink . A par t o f a fi rs e .i n c l r-rd i nth

g e fu s ee lernent(s).
w hi ch requi resrepl acement
by a new or renew abl el use
link afterthe fusehasoperatedand beforethe firseis pr.rtback into service.
Fu s edc onnec t io nu n i t. A d e v i c ea s s o c i a tewd i t h the fked w i ri ng of an i nstal l ati on

by w hi ch appl i ances
rnay be
co nnec t ed.
and ha v i n gp ro v i s i o nfb r a re p l a c e a b lcartri
e dgefusel i nk.
Gas installation pipe. Any pipe, not being a servicepipe (otherthan any part of a servicepipe cornprisedin a
p rir nar ym et erins ta l l a ti o no)r a p i p e c o mp ri s e di n a gasappl i ance.
fbr conveyi nggasfbr a parti cul arconsur.ner
a ncl
i nc lLr ding
any as s o c i a tevda l v eo r o th e rg a sti tti n g .
Harmonized Standard. A standardwhich has beendrawn up by common agreementbetweennationalstandards

bodiesnotifledto the EuropeanComrnissionby all rnernberstatesand pLrblished
undernationalprocedr.rres.
Haz ar dous - liv e -p a rt.
A l i v e p a rtw h i c h c a ng i v e,underceftai ncondi ti ons
of externali nfl Lrence.
an el ectri cshoc k.
Heat ingc able.Ca b l ew i th o r w i th o u ta s h i e l do r a rnetal l i csheath.i ntendedto gi ve off heatfbr heati ngpurposes .
Heating-freearea. lJnheatedfloor or ceilingareawhich is completelycoveredwhen placingpiecesof firrnitureor

kept fiee fbr bLrilt-infurniture.
Heat ingunit . He a ti n gc a b l eo r f' l e x i b l es h e e th e a ti ngel ementw i th ri gi dl y fi xed col d tai l sor termi nalfi tti ngsw hich
a r ec onnec t ed
t o t h e te rrn i n a los f th e e l e c tri c ailn stal l ati on.
High-densitvlivestock rearing. Breedingand rearingof livestockfbr which the use of autornaticsysternslbr lif-e
suppor is
t nec es s a ry .
NOTE: Examples
of autornatic
lif-esupport
systems
arethosefbr ventilation.
f.eedin-e
andair-conditioning.
High voltage (see Voltagc,nominul).
H ighway .A high w a yrn e a n sa n y w a y (o th e rth a na w aterw ay)over w hi ch therei s publ i cpassage

and i ncl udest he
h ighwayv er gean da n y b ri d g eo v e r w h i c h .o r tu n nelthroLrgh
w hi ch.the hi ghw aypasses.
Highway distribution board. A tixed structureor undergroundcharnber.located on a hi-shway.useclas a

d i s t r ibut ionpoint .fb r c o n rre c ti rrg
tro re th a n o n e hi ghw aydi stri buti onci rcui tto a conrrnonori gi n. S treetfi rrni t ur e
rv hic h s uppliesm o re th a n o n e c i rc u i t i s d e fl n edas a hi ghw ay di stri buttonboard.The connecti onof a si l g le
temporaryload to an item of streetfurnitureshall not in itself make that itern of streetftrrnitLrre into a hishwav
d i s t r i b u t i obno a r d .
Highway dis t r ib u ti o n c i rc u i t. A Ba n d l l c i rc Lri connecti

t ngthe ori gi n of the i nstal l ati onto a remotehi ghway
distributionboardor itentsof streetfurnitLrre. lt rnayalsoconnecta highwaydistributionboardto streetfirrniture.
Highway power s u p p l y . An e l e c tri c a li n s ta l l a ti oncorrtpri si ngan asserrrblofy associ ated

hi ghw ay di stri br.r t ior - t
ci r c uit shighway
, d i s tri b u ti o n
b o a rd sa n ds tre e fu
t rni ture,suppl i edfi orn a comntonori gi n.
Hot air s auna.A ro o tl o r l o c a ti o ni n w h i c h a i r i s heated.i n servi ce.to hi gh temperatures w here the rel ative
h L r m idit is
y nor r na l l yl o w . ri s i n go n l y fb ra s h o rtp eri odof ti rnew henw ateri s pouredovertheheater.
Houseboat.Floatingdeckedstructurewhich is designedor adaptedfbr useas a placeof perrnanent

residenceoften
ke ptin one plac eo n i n l a n dw a te r.
Indirect contact Deleteclb.r'

BS 767I ;2008 (,seeFuult protection).
Ins pec t ion.E x am i n a ti o o

n f a n e l e c tri c ailn s ta l l a ti on
r-rsi ng
al l the senses
as appropri ate.
Instaflation (,s'ee
Electt'icalin,stullutiort
).
In s t r uc t ed per s o n . A p e rs o na d e q u a te l ya d v i s edor sLl pervi sed
by ski l l ed personsto enabl ehi m/herto avoid
d anger swhic hele c tri c i tyrn a yc re a te .
25
I n s u l a t i o n . S L r i t a b l en o n - c o n c l u c t i v en l a t e r i a le n c l c l s i n gs. u r r o u n d i n go r s l l p p o r t i n ga c o r r c l u c t o r .
I s o l a t i o n . A f i r n c t i o n i n t e n d c d t o c u t o 1 l -f u r r c a s o n s o l ' s a f - e t yt l r c s L r p p l yf i o n r a l l . o r a c l i s c t ' c t cs c c t i c l r t t" t l ' t h e

. rr s e c t i r ' r nf l ' o n rc v e r y s o L r r c eo l - e l e c t r i c a le n e r g y .
i n s t a l l a t i o nb y s e p a r - a t i ntgh e i n s t a l l a t i o r o
I s o l a t o r . A n t e c h a n i c a ls r v i t c h i n gd e v i c e u ' l i i c h . i n t h e o p c t t p o s i t i o n . c o n r p l i c s i v i t h t h e t ' c t l u i t ' e n t c ' l .st t1s' r r - c i l l efcblr

t h e i s o l a t i n g f i r n c t i o n .A n i s o l a t o r i s o t h e n l ' i s c k n o r , v na s a c l i s c c t n n e c t o r .
[,adder (.sat'Cuhla luddcr).
L e a k a g e c u r r e n t . E l c c t r i c c u r r e n t i n a n l r n w a n t e ccl o n c l t t c t i v cp a t h l t n c l e rt i o r n t a l o p c r a t i n gc o t i d i t i c l r t s .
L e i s u r c a c c o m m o d a t i o n v e h i c l e . U n i t o f l i v i n g a c c o n r . n o c l a t i o lno r t e n r p o r a r yo r s c a s o n a lo c c l t p a l i o r tn ' l r i c l t r t r a y
nreet recluiren-tcnts firr construrctionand ttse o1'roaclvchicles.
L i n e c o n d u c t o r . A c o n c l u c t o ro f i t n a . c . s y s t c n r t b r t h e t r a t t s n r i s s i o t or f ' e l e c t r i c a l c l t c r g y o t l t c r t l t a t r a t t e t t t r a l
conductor. a protcctivc cr-rnclLrctor or a PEN corrcluctot'.The ternr ltlso Ineans tltc cclttivaletttcottdLtctttro1-a cl.c.
s y s t e m u n l e s so t l r e r w i s cs p e c i f i e c il n t h c R e g r . r l a t i o n s .
L i v e c o n d u c t o r ( . ; a cL i v a p u r t ) .
L i v e p a r t . A c o n c l u c t o ro r c u n d L r c t i v ep a r t i n t c n c l e ctlc l b e e n e r - g i s c di n t r o r n r a lL t s e .i n c l L t d i n ga n e u t r a l c t l t r c l t t c t o r
but. by cclnl,enticlr.r. not a PEN cortdltctor.
Low voltage /,sc,c,

Volluga, ttorttittult.
L u m i n a i r e . E c l L r i p n t e nwt l t i c h c l i s t r i b L r t e sf l.l t e r s o r t r a n s f b r r n st h e l i g h t t r a n s n r i t t e dl i ' c i r r o t r c o r n r o r e l i i t t t p s a r t d

r v h i c l t i n c l L r d c sa l l t h c p a r t s n c c e s s a r yl b r s L r p p o r t i n gl.i r i n g a n c lp r o t e c t i n gt h e l a n t p s .b L t tt t o t t h c l a t t t l - rtsh e t t t s c l v e s .
a n c lw h e r e n e c c s s i i r y c. i r c u i t a L r r i l i a r i c st o g e t h e ri l ' i t h t h c m e a n s f b r c o n n e c t i n gt h e n t t o t h c s L r p p l y .
NOTE: s c l L r c l celser i c e ss u c ha s l i g h tc r l i t t i r t gc l i o c l c s .
L a n r l - ri n
L u m i n a i r e s u p p o r t i n g c o u p l e r ( l , S C ) . A n r e a n s .c o t n p r i s i n s a n L S C o L r t l e ta n c l a n L S C ' c o n n e c t t t r . p r o v i d i n g
tllechatricitlstt1-lportfilraltrrllinaircatlclthcelectricalcclrltlccticlntoarrddiscorrtlectiilt
L V s l v i t c h g e a r a n c l c o n t r o l g e a r a s s e m b l r " .A c o r r b i n a t i o t to 1 ' o n c o r n r o r e l o r . l 'v o l t a g e s r i ' i t c l i i n gc l e v i c c st o g e t h c r

n , i t h a s s o c i a t e ccl o n t r o l . n r e a s L r r i n gs.i g n a l l i n g . p r o t e c t i v c . r c g L r l a t i l r ge r l L r i l ) n r c n et .t c . . c o n t p l c t e l y a s s e r t t t r l e d ttrtdcr
t l i e r e s p o n s i b i l i t yo 1 - t l i en r a n u f n c t u r c rw i t h a l l t h e i n t e r n a l c l c c t r i c t r la n d n r c c l t a n i c a l i n t e r c o n n e c t i c l n
a n c l s t r l t ctttral
p a r t s . T h e c o n t p o n e n t sc l l ' t h e a s s e n t b l y m a y b c e l e c t r o n r c c h a n i c a o l r clcctronic. T h e a s s e r n b l y r t t a y b e e ithcr
t y p e - t c s t e do r p a r t i a l l yt y p e - t e s t e d( s e e B S E N 6 0 4 3 9 - l ) .
M a i n e a r t h i n g t e r m i n a l . T h e t e r n t i n a l o r b a r p r o v i d e d l b r t h e c o t r n e c t i o n o f p r o t e c t i v e c o n c 1 u c t t t t ' si r.t c l t r d i n g
p r c t e c t i v eb o n c l i n gc o n c l u c t o r sa. n d c o n c l u c t o r sf i l r f i t n c t i o t r a le a r t h i n { - Ii l. ' a n y . t o t h e l . l t e a n so l ' e a r t l t i r t g .
. t c r t d c dt c t
M a i n t e n a n c e . C ' o n t b i n a t i o nc l f a l l t c c l i n i c a l a n d a c l n r i n i s t r a t i r ea c t i o n s . i n c l L r d i n gs L t p c ni s i t l r t a c t i t - r t t si n
rctain an itcrtr in. t-rrl'r'storr'it 1o. a statc in u'hich it can perfbnr a reclLtirecl firnction.
Marina. Facility for ntooring arrclscrvicing ol- plcasure crali with llred whiirves. jctties. ltiels ot' pclrttoot.t
a r r a n g c ' n r e n tcsa p a b l eo t ' b e r t h i n g o n e o r t r o r e p l c a s l t r ec r a l t .
t r c l e a n i n g o f l a n r p s a n d t r o n - e l e c t r i c a lp a r t s o t '
M e c h a n i c a l m a i n t e n a n c e . T h e r c p l a c e m c n t . r e f L r r b i s h n l e no
e c l L r i p n r c r "prlta. n t a n d n r a c l r i n c r y .
M o b i l e a n d o f f . s h o r e i n s t a l l a t i o n s . l n s t a l l a t i o n s u s e d f b r t h c e x p l o r a t i o t r o r d c v e l o p m e n t o l ' l i c l u i c lo r g a s e o L t s
liyclrocarbonrcsourccs.
M o b i l e e q u i p m e n t ( p o r t a b l e e q u i p n t e n t( d e p r e c a t e c l ) )E. l c c t r i c a l c q r . r i p n r c ni t. r , h i c hi s n t o v c d r i ' h i l e i n o p c t ' a t i t t t ot r

u , h i c l i c a n e a s i l y b e r l o v e c l t l - o n to n e p l a c c t o a n o t h e t w
- h i l c c o t r n e c t e ct lo t h e s L r p p l y .
M o b i l e h o m e . A t r a n s p c t r t a b l lee i s L r r eu t c c o l t - l l n o d a t i ovne h i c l c w h i c h i n c l r . r c l cms c a n s l b r n t o b i l i t y b u t c l o e st r o t t . t t e e t

t h e r e c l u i r e n r e n tfsi l r c o n s t n r c t i o na n c lu s c o 1 - r o a dv e h i c l c s .
M o n i t o r i n g . C ) b s e n ' a t i o no f t h c o p e r a t i t - r n o f a s y s t e r r o r p a r t o f a s y s t c n rt o v e r i f y c o r r c c t l i t n c t i o n i n g o r c l c t c c t
i n c o r r e c tt i r n c t i o n i n ub y n t c a s u r i n gs y s t c n i v a r i a b l e sa n d c o n r p a r i n gt h e n r e a s u r e cvla l u e s w i t h s p e c i l l c c lv a l L r e s .
M o t o r c a r a v a n . S c l l ' - p r o p c l l c dl e i s L r r ca c c o n m r o c l a t i o tvr e h i c l e " L r s e df b r t o L t r i n g .t h a t t l e e t s t l t c r c c l r , r i r e t t t e t tl tbsr

t h c c c ' r n s t r L r c t ia n u s e o l -r o a d v e h i c l e s .
r -nr d
NoTE:Itiscithcracia;ltcc1ll.tlIllascricsprotlttctiotlr,chicle.
c i n gei t h c rl l r c c lo r c l i s t n o u n t a b l c .
c l r i rr n gc a b .t h c a c c o n u n o c l u t ilor n
26
\ e . u t r a l c o n d u c t o r . A c o n d u c t o r c o n n e c t e dt o t l r e n e u t r a l p o i n t o f a s y s t e t l a n d c o n t r i b u t i l r gt o t h e t r a n s t t t i s s i o no f
c l e c t r i c a le n e r g y . T h c t e r r n a l s o n t e a n st h e c c l L r i v a l e ncto n d u c t o t ' o l - a t tl T o r d . c . s y s t e r nu t r l e s so t h c r w i s e s p e c i l i e c l
i n t h e R e g u l a t i o n st r n d a l s o i d e n t i f l e s e i t h e r t l i e m i d - w i r e o f a t h r e e - l v i r cd . c . c i r c L r i to r t h e e a r t l t e ccl o t t d l t c t o ro 1 -a
l u o - w ' i r ee a r t h e dc l . c .c i r c L r i t .
\ominal voltage (.;ea Voltuga. nontinul).
O b s t a c l e . A p a r t p r e v e n t i r r uL r n i n t e n t i o n acl o n t a c tr v i t h l i v e p a r t s b u t n o t p r e v e t t t i t r gd e l i b e r a t ec o r t t a c t .
O p e n - c i r c u i t v o l t a g e u n d e r s t a n d a r d t e s t c o n d i t i o n s U s c S T C .V o l t a g e u t r d e r s t a n d a r dt e s t c o n d i t i o t t sa c r o s s a l . )
. r n l o a d e d( o p e n ) g c n c r a t o ro r o n t h e d . c . s i d e o f t l t e c o t t v e r t o r .
O r d i n a r v p e r s o n . A p e r s o nw h o i s n e i t h e ra s k i l l e d p e r s o n n o r a l ' li r t s t r r - r c t cpde r s o l . l .
O r i g i n o f a n i n s t a l l a t i o n . T l i e p o s i t i o n a t w h i c h e l e c t r i c a lc n e r g v i s d c l i v e r c d t o a n e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o r t .
O r i g i n o f t h e t e m p o r a r y e l e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n . P o i n t o n t l r e p e r n r a n e n ti n s t a l l a t i o no r o t h e r s o L l r c eo l - s L r p p l yl i o r l r
u h i c h e l e c t r i c a le n e r g y i s c l e l i v e r c dt o t h e t c n - r p o r a r ye l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
O v e r c u r r e n t . A c u r r c n t c x c e e d i n gt h c r a t e d v a l r , r eF. o r c o n d u c t o r st h e r a t e d v a l L t ei s t h e c u r r t r ' t t t - c a r r y i r cr ga p a c i t y .
O v e r c u r r e n t c l e t e c t i o n . A n t e t h o d o f - e s t a b l i s h i n gt h a t t h c v a l L r eo f c u r r c ' n t i t i a c i r c u i t c r c e e c ' l sa p r c d e t e n t t i t t e d
i alue fbr a specilicd lcngth of tinre.
O r e r l o a d c u r r e n t . A n o v e r c u r r e n to c c L r r r i n gi n a c i r c L r i tw h i c h i s e l e c t r i c a l l ys o L r n d .
P E I , V ( p r o t e c t i v e e x t r a - l o w v o l t a g e ) . A n e r t r a - l o w v o l t a - s es y s t e r r ri v h i c h i s n o t c l c c t r i c a l l y s c p a r a t e df i o r t t E a r t h .
: . L r iti . ' h i c ho t h e r l v i s es a t i s f i e sa l l t h c r e c l u i r e t r e n t sf b r S E L V .
P E \ c o n d u c t o r . A c o n d u c t o rc o r n b i n i n g t h e f i r n c t i o n so 1 ' b o t hp r o t e c t i v ec o n c l u c t c t t ' a nnde u t r a lc o n d l t c t o r .
P h a s e c o n d u c t o r ( , s a aL i n e c o u d t t t ' l o t ' ) .
P l e a s u r e c r a f t . A r r y b o a t . v e s s e l .y a c h t . t l o t o r l a u n c l i . h o u s e b o a to r o t l t e r l l o a t i n g c r a f i r - r s e de r c l r - r s i vley f o r s p o r t
,r lcisure.
P l u g . A c c c s s o r y h a v i n g p i n s d e s i g n c d t o e n g a g e w i t h t h e c o n t a c t so f a s o c k e t - o r - t t l eat .n d i n c o r p o r a t i n gr t t e a n s1 b r
r c e l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i o na n d n r e c h a n i c a rl e t e n t i o no f a f l e x i b l e c a b l e o r c o r d .
o f c u r r e t t t - u s i r t gc q u i p r t r e r t t .
P o i n t ( i n w i r i n g ) . A t e r n t i n a t i o no f t h e f l r e d w i r i n g i n t e n d e cfl o r t h e c o t r n e c t i c t n
Prrrtabfe equipment (,s'aa

Mobila cqttilttttattt).
P o u e r t r a c k . A s y s t e n t c o l . l t p o n c l r tw . h i c l t i s a g c n e r a l l y a l i n e a r a s s e n t b l y o f s p a c e d a n c l s r , r p p o r t e db L r s b a r s "
' : ' , ' r i c l i t t ge l e c t r i c a lc o n n e c t i o r ro f a c c e s s o r i r - s .
P o n e r t r a c k s y s t e m ( P T s y s t e m ) . A n a s s e n t b l yo f s y s t e n rc o l n p o n c n t si n c l L r d i n sa p o w e r t r a c k b y r i ' h i c h a c c e s s o t ' i c s
' - i r b e c o n n c c t c dt o a n e l e c t r i c a ls u p p l y a t o n e o r n r o r c p o i n t s ( p r e - d e t e r t r i n c do r o t l t e r w i s e )a l o r t gt h e p o r , r ' c t ' t r a c k .
\OTE: systettris (r3A.

Thc nraxirrunlcun'cntratinuof a por'r'ertrack
F ' r o t e c t i v eb o n d i n g c o n d u c t o r . P r o t e c t i v cc o n d u c t o r p l r o v i d e dt b r p r o t e c t i v ee q r " t i p o t e n t i ablo n d i r t g
c o n d u c t o r ( P E ) . A c o n d L r c t oL
F'rote.ctive r r s e d1 b r s o n r e m e a s L r r ecsl f p r o t e c t i t t t ta q a i l t s te l e c t r i c s h o c k a n c l i t t t e n c l e c l
' lonnccting to-ucthca r n y o 1 ' t h ef b l l o w ' i n g p a r t s :
rr ) Exposecl-concluctive-parts
.i ) [:rtraneous-condlrctive-parts
r) The mtrin carthingtcnlinal
,) Earthelectrode(s)
. ) T h e e a r t l i e dp o i n t o f t h e s o u r c e .o r a n a r t i f l c i a l n e l t t r a l .
P r o t e c t i v e c o n d u c t o r c u r r e n t . E l c - c t r i cc r r r r e r r ta p p e a r i r r ui n a p r o t e c t i v e c o n d t t c t o r , s u c h a s l e a k a g e c t t r r e n t o r
- : - . r ' i c c u r r c n t r e s L r l t i n gf i o r l a n i n s L t l a t i c tlna L r l t .
: ' r o t e c t i v c e a r t h i n g . E a r t h i n g o l ' a p o i n t o r p o i n t s i n a s y s t e n to r i n a n i n s t a l l a t i o no r i n c c l r , r i p r t t e lrbt tr t h e

' ':-,rscsof saf-ety.
: .,,tcctiveequipotential bonding. EclLripotentia

b lo n d i n g f o r t h e p L r r p o s eos f s a f - c t y .
27
Prospectivefault current (lpd. The value of overcurrentat a given point in a circuit resultingfiom a tault of
negligibleimpedancebetweenlive conductorshaving a diflbrenceof potentialundernonnal operatingconditions.
or betweena live conductorand an exposed-conductive-part.
P r ot ec t iv em ul ti p l e e a rth i n g (PME ). A n e a rthi ngarrangernent. fbLrndi n TN -C -S systerl s.i n w hrch the supply
rreutralcorrductoris Ltsedto connectthe earthingconductorof an installationwith Earth.in accordance with the
E lec t r ic it yS af ' e tyQu 2002(seeal soFi gLrre
R e g u l ati ons
. a l i tya n d C o n ti n L ri ty 2.4).
Protectiveseparation.Separation of one electriccircr.rit fiotn anotherby tneansof:

( i) doLr blcin s r-rl a ti oonr.
(shi el di ng).
( ii) bas icins u l a ti o na n de l e c tn c a l l yp ro te c ti vescreeni ng or
( iii) r einf or ce di n s r-rl a ti o n .
P V . S olarphoto v o l ta i c .
P V a. c . m odu l e . In te g ra te drn o d u l e /i n v e rtoarsserrbl yw here the el ectri cali nterfacetermi nal sare a.c. onl y . No
ac c es sis pr ov id e dto th e d .c .s i d e .
assetnbl of
P V ar r ay . M ech a n i c a l l ya n d e l e c tri c a l l yi n te gratcd y P V rnodul es.
and othernecessary to
corxponent s,
f br r r a d. c .pow e rs L rp p l Ly rn i t.
PV array cable.OutpLrtcableof a PV array.
P V ar r ay juncti o n b o x . Errc l o s u re and w heredevices

w h e reP V stri ngsof any P V arrayareel ectri cal l connected
y
c anbe loc at ed .
e l ectri ci tyw henexposedto l i ght suchas sol arradi ati on.

P V c ell. B as icP V d e v i c ew h i c h c a ng e n e ra te
g e PV generatorj uncti on
P V d. c . m ain c a b l e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti n th box to the d.c.termi nal sof the P V i nvertor.
PV generator.Assen'rbly
of PV arrays.
PV generatorjunction box. Enclosure andwheredevicescanbe located.

wherePV arraysareelectricallyconnected
of a PV powersupplysystetn.
PV installation.Ercctedeqr"tiprnent
e h i c cho n v e rtsd .c .v o l ta geandd.c.currenti nto a.c.vol tageanda.c.current.

P V inv er t or . D e ' r' i c r,,'
P V m odule.S m a l l e sct o rn p l e te ley n v i ro n rn e ntalprotected

ly P V cel l s.
y i nterconnected
assernblof
PV string. CircLritin ivhich PV ntodulesare connectedin series.in order fbr a PV array to generatethe required
voltage.
outpr.rt
to fbrrna P V stri ng.

P V rro d r-r l es
P V s t r ing c abl e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti n g
ci rcLriof
th e a .c .tenni nal sof the P V i nvertorto a di stri bLrti on
P V s upply c ab l e .C a b l ec o n n e c ti rrg t the el ec t r ical
installation.
Rated current. ValLreof currcnt used ltrr specificationpurposes,establishedfbr a specifiedset of operating

devicee
c ondit ionsof a c o rrp o n e n t. o r systetl .
. c l u i p n te rtt
Reduc edlow v o l ta g es y s te m.A s y s te rli n w h i ch the nomi nall i ne to l i ne vol tagedoesnot exceedI l 0 vol tsandt he
nor ninalline t o Ea rthv o l ta g ed o e sn o t e rc e e d63.5vol ts.
Reinf or c edinsu l a ti o n .S i n g l ei n s u l a ti o na p p l iedto l i ve parts.w hrchprovi desa degreeof protecti onagai nstelect r ic
t d o L rb l ei n s r-rl a ti ounn d e rt he condi ti onsspeci fl edi n the rel evantstandard.The tertr' single
s hoc k equiv al e nto
ins ulat ion' do ens o t i n tp l yth a t th e i n s u l a ti o nr nustbe one homogeneous pi ece.It rnaycotnpri setw o or trore layer s
whic h c annotb e te s te ds i n g l ya s s u p p l e rrte n tary or basi ci nsr,rl ati on.
to the per son

g e re s u l tso f p e ri odi ci nspecti onand testi ngof an el ectri cali nstal l ati on
Repor t ing.Co m m u n i c a ti n th
o r d e r i n gt h ew o r k .
Residencesand other locations belonging to agricultural and horticultural premises.Residences and other
loc at ionswhich h a v c a c o n d L rc ti vceo n n e c ti onto the agri cul turaland horti cul turalpremi sesby ei therprot ect ive
s th e s a l rei rrs ta l l a ti oonr b y e x traneous-conducti ve-parts.
c onduc t oro1'
NOTE: E x a n t p l c s o l ' o t h e r l o c a t i o n s i n c l L r c l eo l f l c e s . s o c i a l r o o m s . m a c h i n e - h a l l s . u , o r k r o o l l s . g a r a g e sa n d s h o p s .
e el l i ngdesi gnedfbr perrnanent

Res ident ialpa rk h o me .A fa c to ryp ro d u c e drel ocatabldw w hi ch may be
resi dence
us edf br leis ur ep L rrp o s e s .
28
Res idualc ur r e n t. Al g e b ra i cs u m o f th e c u rr entsi n tl re l i ve conductorsof a ci rcui t at a poi nt i n tl i e el ect r ical
. : r> t allat ion.
Res idualc ur r e n t d e v i c e(R C D ). A m e c h a n i calsw i tchi ngdevi ceor associ ati on

of devi cesi ntendedto caLrse
t he
, peningof t he c o n ta c tsw h e nth e re s i d u acl u rrentattai nsa gi venval ueunderspeci fi edcondi ti ons.
Residualcurrent operated circuit-breaker with integral overcurrent protection (RCBO). A residualcurrcrrt

' , per at ed
s wit c h i n gd e v i c ed e s i g n e d of protecti on
to p e rfb rmt he fi rncti ons agai nstoverl oadand/orsl tort-ci rcLr it .
Res idualc ur r e n t o p e ra te dc i rc u i t-b re a k e rw i thout i ntegralovercurrentprotecti on(R C C B ). A resi dualcur r ent

, pc r at ed to p e rfb rmthe fi rncti ons
s wit c h i n gd e v i c erro td e s i g n e d of protecti orr
aqai nstoverl oadand/orshort-ci rcLr it .
Res idualoper a ti n gc u rre n t. R e s i d L ra

c l l rre n tw hi ch caLrses
the R C D to opcratcundcrspeci fi edcondi ti or-rs.
Resistancearea (for an earth electrodeonly). The surf'aceareaof -uround(aror-rnd

an earthelectrode)on which a
. ic nif lc antv olt a g eg ra d i e nm
t a y e x i s t.
Res pons et im e . T h e ti rn e th a t e l a p s e sb e tw eenthe fai l ure of the nornralpow er sr" rppland

y thc abi l i ty of t he
- r Lr r iliarpower
y s u p p l yto e n e rg i z eth e e q u i p rn ent.
Restrictive conductive location (.secConcluc'ling

lot'ution wilh ra.slt'ir'tccl
movcntent).
Ring f inal c ir c u i t. A f.i n acl i rc r-riatrra n g e d

i n th e fbrrnof a ri ng andconnected
to a si ngl epoi ntof sLrppl y.
safety service.An electricalsysternfbr electricaleqr-ripr.nerrt

provrdedto protcctor warn personsin the eventof a
:iazard"or essentialto their evacuationfiorr a locatior-r.
S E LV ( s epar a te de x tra -l o wv o l ta g e ).An e x tra-l owvol tagesysternw hi ch i s el cctri cal l yseparated fi onr E arthand
. l' onrot hers y s t e msi n s u c ha w a y th a ta s i n g l e - f-aul
cannot
t ui ve ri scto the ri sk of el ectri cshock.
Shock (saeElec'tt'ir'.shocli).
S hoc k c ur r ent. A c u rre n tp a s s i n gth ro u -u th h e body of a personor l i vestocksuchas to causeel ectri cshockand
hav ingc har ac t e ri s ti cl i sk e l y to c a u s ed a n g e ro uetfects.
s
S hor t - c ir c uitcu rre n t. An o v e rc L rrre nret s u l ti ngtl ' orna faul t of negl i gi bl ei rnpedance
betw eenl i vc condr- r ct or s
ir av inga dit f er e n c ei n p o te n ti ar-rn
l d enro n .n aol perati ngcondi ti ons.
S hor t - c ir c uitc u rre n t u n d e r s ta n d a rdte s tc o ndi ti onsIscS TCS

. hort-ci rcuicurrent
t of a P V rnodr.rl P
e.V stri ne.PV
lrray or PV -qenerator understandardtestconditions.
S how.Dis playo r p re s e n ta ti oi rr
n a n y s u ri ta b l eo cati on.ei thera room.bLri l di ng
or temporarystructure.
S im ples epar ati o n Se

. p a ra ti obne tw e e nc i rc u i tsor betw ccna ci rcui tand E arthby nteansof basi ci nsLrl ati on.
S im ult aneous l ya c c e s s i b l ep a rts . C o n d u c to rsor conducti veparts w hi ch can be toLrched

si mLrl taneoLrs
b yly'a
r r c ' r S on
or . in loc a ti o n s p e c i fi c a l l iyn te n d e dfb r t henr.by l i vestock.
NO T E : S im ul ta n e o uascl vc e s s i bpl a
e rtsrra yb e :l i vcparts.
exposecl -condLrcti ve-parts. prutect
extraneous-concl ucti ve-par t s"eir
conductors ur earthclcctrodcs.
s k illed per s on .A p e rs o nw i th te c h n i c a kl n o u ' l edgeor sr-rffl ci ent

experi ence
to enabl chi nr/herto avoi d dar r gcr s
ir hic helec t r ic i tyrl a y c re a te .
S oc k et - out letA
. d e v i c ep . ro v i d e dw i th f' e m a l econtacts.
w hi ch i s i nterrdedto be i nstal l edw i th the l l xed w i ri ng.ancl
lit endedt o r ec e i v ea p l L rgA. l u n ri n a i re
tra c ks y stemi s not regarded as a socket-oLrtlsystem.
et
S pur . A br anc hfi o n r a ri n g o r ra d i a lfi n a l c i rc r,ri t.
Stand.Area or temporarystrLlctLlre fbr display,rriarketingor sales.

Lrsed
St andar dt es tco n d i ti o n s(S T C ).T e s tc o n c l i ti o ns

speci fl edi n B S E N 60904-3for P V cel l sand P V nrodul es.
Standbvelectricalsource.ElectricalsoLlrce irrtended to maintain.filr reasons

otherthansalbty.thesupplyto an clectrical
rns t allat ion
or pa rtso r a p a rtth e re o f.i n c a s eo f i nterrupti on
of the nonnalsLrppl y.
Standbyelectricalsupply system.Supplysystemintcndedto rnaintain.fbr reasonsotherthansaf-ety. the lLrnctionins

rr fan elec t r ic alin s ta l l a ti oonr p a rtso r a p a rtth e r eof-.
i n caseof i ntcrrr,rpti on
of the nonral suppl y.
St at icc onv er t o r.A c o n v e rtohr a v i n gn o rl o v i rrgpartsand rrotabl yusi ngsemi conductor

recti l l ers.
29
Stationary equipment. Electrical ecluipnrenw
t h i c h i s c i t h c r l l x e c l . o r e q L r i p n r c nht a v i n g a n r a s s e r c c e d i n - gl 8 l < g
and not provided with a carryine handlc.
S t r e e t f ' u r n i t u r e . F i x e d e q u i p n r e n tl o c a t e do n a h i g h w a y .
NOTE: StreettirrnitLrrc
inclucles
strcctlocatecl
ec1ui1-rnrent.
S t r e e t l o c a t e d e q u i p m e n t . F i r e c l e c l r - r i p n r c nI to. c a t e do n a h i g h r v a y .t h e p L r r p o s eo l ' w h i c h i s n o t d i r e c t l y a s s o c i a t e d
w i t h t h e L r s eo l - t h e h r g h w a y .
S u p p l e m e n t a r y i n s u l a t i o n . I n d e p c n d c n ti n s u l a t i o na p p l i e c li n a d d i t i o n t o b a s i c i n s u l i i t i o nf b r f a L r l tp r o t c c t i o n .
Supplier (.;ceD i.strihtttot').
S w i t c h . A r n c c h a n i c a lc l e v i c ec a p a b l e o f r r a k i n s . c a r r y i n g a n d b r e a k i r r gc u r r e n t L r n d e rn u n r a l c i r c u i t c o n c l i t i t - r t i s .
w h i c h n r a y i n c l u d c s p c c i f i e co l p e r a t i n s o v e r l o a d c o n d i t i o n s .a n c la l s o o f c a r r y i n g f b r a s p e c i f i c dt i r l c c u r r c n t s u n c l e r
s p e c i l l e d a b n o n r a l c i r c u i t c o n d i t i o n s s u c h a s t h c l s eo f s h o r t - c i r c L r i t l.t n r a y a l s o b e c a p a b l e o f n r a l < i n g ,b r . r tn o t
h r c a ki r rg . s l r t r l t - cri c r ri t c r r r r c r r t s .
a s t o n r a k c o r b r c a k a l l p o l c s s i r n u l t a n e o r - r sol yr i r t a
S w i t c h , l i n k e d . A s w i t c h t h e c o n t a c t so f w h i c h a r e s o a r r a n - g e d
delinitc scclLlence.
S w i t c h - d i s c o n n e c t o r . A s w i t c h w h i c h . i n t h e o p c n p c - r s i t i o ns. a t i s f l e st l i e i s o l a t i n g r e c l u i r e n r e n t s p e c i l l c d l b r a
disconncctor.
NOTE: A s r v i t c h - d i s c o r - r n ci cs tootrl i c r u ' i s ke n o w na s a n i s o l a t i n gs n ' i t c h .
S w i t c h b o a r d . A n a s s e r l b l y o 1 ' s w i t c h g e a rw i t h o r w i t h o r - r ti r r s t r u n r e n t sb. L r tt h c t e r m d o c s n c l t a p p l y t o g r o L r p so l '

l o c a l s w i t c h e si n f i n a l c i r c u i t s .
S w i t c h g e a r . A n a s s e n r b l yo f n r a i n a n d a L r x i l i a r ys w i t c l i i n g e c p r i p r r c n tf b r o p e r a t i o n .r e g L r l a t i o np. r o t e c t i r - r ur rr o t h e r
c o n l r o l o f a n e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o n .
S y s t e m . A n c l c c t r i c a l s y s t e n r c o n s i s t i n g o f a s i n g l e s o L r r c eo r n r L r l t i p l es o L r r c e sr u n n i n - r ri n p a r a l l e l o f e l e c t r i c a l
e n e r - s ya n d a n i n s t a l l a t i o n . F o r c e r t a i n p L r r p o s e so f ' t h c R e g L r l a t i o n st.y p e s o l - s y s t e n r a r e i d e n t i f l e d a s f b l l o w s .
d e p e n d i n gL r p o nt h e r e l a t i o n s h i po f t h e s o u r c e .a n c lo f c x p o s e d - c o n c l u c t i v e - p a rot sl - t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n .t o E a r t h :
- T N s y s t e m . A s y s l c r l h a v i n g o n e o r n r o r e p o i n t s o f t h e s o L r r c eo l ' c n c r g y d i r c c t l y e a r t h e d . t h e e r p o s e c l -
c o n d r " r c t i v e - p a rot sf t h e i n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c o n n e c t e dt o t h a t p o i n t b y p r o t e c t i v ec o n d L r c t o r s .
- T N - C s y s t e m . A s y s t e n r i n w h i c h n e u t r a l a n d p r o t e c t i v c f u n c t i c l n sa r e c o m b i n e d i n a s i n g l c c o n d u c t o r
t l i r o L r g l t o Ltrht e s y s t e n r( s e e F i g u r e 2 . 2 ) .
- T N - S s _ v s t e m .A s y s t e r l h a v i n g s e p a r a t c r r e u t r a l a n c l p r o t c c t i v c c o n c l u c t o r st h r o u g l i o r - rtth c s y s t e r r ( s e c
F i g L r r e2 . 3) .
- T N - C - S s y s t e m . A s y s t c m i n r v l i i c h n c u t r a l a n c l p r o t e c t i v c l L r n c t i o n sa r c c o m b i n e c li n a s i n g l c c o n d u c t o r i n
p a r t o f t h e s y s t e n r( s c c F i g L r r e2 . 4 ) .
- T T s y s t c m . A s y s t c n r h a v i n g o n e p o i n t o l ' t h e s o u r c e o f ' e n c r - u yd i r c c t l y c a r t h e c l .t h e e x p o s e c l - c o n d u c tei r-
p a r t s o l - t h c i n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c t ' r n n c c t e ct o' l e a r t h e l e c t r o d e se l e c t r i c a l l y i n d e p e n d e n to f t h e e a r t h e l e c t r o c l c :
o f t h e s o l l r c e( s e e F i g u r c 2 . - 5 ) .
- IT svstem. A systerl having no clircctconnectic'rb n c t r v e e nl i v e p a r t s a n d E a r t h . t h e e r p o s e d - c o n c l u c t i r c -
p a r t s o f t h e e l e c t r i c a li n s t a l l a t i o nb e i n g c a r t h e c(l s e e F i g u r e 2 . 6 ) .
- M u l t i p l e s o u r c e a n d d . c . s y ' s t e m s- s e e A p p c n d i x 9 .
T e m p o r a r y e l e c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n . E l e c t r i c a l i r r s t a l l a t i o ne r e c t e df b r a p a r t i c u l a r p u r p o s e a n d d i s n t i t n t l e dr v h c n I r , '
l o n g e r r e q u i r e df b r t h a t p u r p o s e .
T e m p o r a r r - s t r u c t u r e . A u n i t o r p a r t o l - a u n i t . i n c l L r d i n gm o b i l e p o r t a b l e L r n i t s .s i t L r a t e ci ln c l o u r su r o u t d o o r : .
desi-gned a n d i n t e n c l e ct Jo b e a s s e r l b l e cal n d d i s n r a n t l e c l .
T e m p o r a r y s u p p l , v u n i t . A n e n c l o s t r r r ' c o n t a i n i nt-'uc l L r i p n r e fnbt r t h e p l l r p o s eo f t a k i n g a t e n . r p o r a r ye l e c t r i c a ls u p l r l r

saf-elyfionr an item of street firnritr-rrc.
T e s t i n g . I m p l e r n e n t a t i o r ro l ' m e a s u r - e st o a s s e s sa n c l c c t r i c a l i n s t a l l a t i o n b y n r c a n s o f i v h i c h i t s e f l ' e c t i v e n c s sr -
p r o v e d . T h i s i n c l u d e s a s c e r t a i n i n - vga l u e s b y n r e a n so f a p p r o p r i a t en r c a s L r r i r rign s t n r n r e n t s r. v h e r e n r c a s u r e dv a l L r c -
a r e n o t d e t e c t a b l eb y i n s p c c t i o n .
30
Thermal storage floor heating system.Heatingsystetnin which. due to a lirnitedchargingperiod.a restricted
a r ailabilit yof e l e c tri c ael n e rg yi s c o n v e rte di n t o heatand di ssi pated
rnai nl ythroughthe surfaceof the fl oor to t he
roornto be heatedwith an intendedtirnedelav.
Trunking (.secC'ubletrunking).
V er if ic at ion. A l l rrl e a s L l rebsy m e a n s o f w hi ch contpl i anceof the el ectri cali nstal l ati onw i th the rel evant
reqlt ir em entof s B S 7 6 7| a rec h e c k e dc, o n rp ri si ng
of i nspecti on.
testi ngand certi fi cati on.
V olt agebands
B and I
B andI c o v e rs :
- ins ta l l a ti o nws h e rep ro te c ti o na g a i nstel ectri cshocki s provi dedr,rndercertai ncondi ti onsby the value
of v o l ta g e :
- in s ta l l a ti o nwsh e reth e v o l ta g ei s l i rni tedfbr operati onal (e.g.tel ecommuni cati ons,
reasons si gnalling,
be l l .c o n tro la n d a l a rmi n s ta l l a ti o ns).
E r t r a- lo wv o l ta g e(E L V) w i l l n o n n a l l yfal l w i thi n vol tageB andI.
B a n dI I
B and ll c o n ta i n sth e v o l ta g e sfb r s u p pl i esto househol dand r.nostconrmerci aland i ndr-rstriial
nstal l a t iols.
L o w v o l t a g e( L V ) w i l l n o r m a l l yf a l l w i t h i nv o l r a g eB a n dI I .
N O T E : B andI I v o l ta g edso n o te x c e e 1
d 0 0 0V a .c.rmsor 1500V d.c.
Volt age,nom
, in a l . V o l ta g eb y w h i c h a n i n s ta l l ati on
(or part of an i nstal l ati on)
i s desi gnatecl
The. fbl l ow i ngran ges
of nom inalv olt a g e(n n s v a l u e sfb r a .c .)a red e fi n ed:
- E x t r a- lo w .N o t e x c e e d i n 5
g 0 V a .c .o r 120V ri ppl e-fi eed.c.,w hetherbetw eenconductors
or to E arth.
- Low. E x c e e d i n ge x tra -l o wv o l ta g eb r,r nt ot exceedi ng1000V a.c.or 1500V cl .c.bctw eenconducto r s.
or
600 V a. c .o r 9 0 0 V d .c .b e tw e e nc o n d uctors and E arth.
- High. No rrn a l l ye x c e e d i n g
l o l v v o l ta g e .
NOTE: The actr-ral
voltageof'the installationmay diffbr fiom the ttominalvalueby a qr-rarrtity
witliin ngrrraltolerances.
\ioftageo reduced (see Reduc'edI ov, voltuge,s.t,.rtuu

).
Wiring svstem. An assembly lnade r"rpof cable or busbars and parts which secure and. if necessary,enclose the
c a b l eo r b u s b a r s .
31
Fig 2.1 lllustrationof earthingand protectiveconductor terms (seeChapter
54)
1,2,3,4, = protective conductors

' t - ci rcuit protective conductor
/ = main protective bonding conductor
3 - earthing conductor
! , = supplementary protective bonding conductors (where required)
B = main earthing terminal
M = exposed-conductive-part
C = extraneous-cond uctive-pa rt
P - main metallic water pipe (extraneous-conductive-part)
J = earth electrode (TT and lT systems)
E - other means of earthing (TN systems)
Fig 2.2 TN-Csystem

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
combined
protectiveand
consumers' neutralconductor
installationt
PEN
/ \
-
- - -/ - r \
[- I
additional
source earth
installation
ex posed -co n d u ctive-Pa rts
Neutral and protective functions combined in a single conductor throughout system.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor.

'not
Regulation 8(a) of the Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 states that a consumer shall combine the
neutral and protective functions in a single conductor in his consumer's installation.
32
Fig 2.3 TN-Ssystem
source of energy
L1
L2
L3
N
protective
c o n d u c t o r( P E )
e q u i p m e n ti
installation
Separate neutral and protective conductors throughout the system.
The protective conductor (PE) is the metallic covering of the cable supplying the installations or a separate conductor.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to this protective conductor via the main earthing terminal of the
installation.
Fig 2.4 TN-C-Ssystem

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
combined
consumers' protectiveand
installations n e u t r a lc o n d u c t o r
PEN
\ additional
source earth
installation
Neutral and protective functions combined in a single conductor in a part of the system.
The usual form of a TN-C-S system is as shown, where the supply is TN-C and the arrangement in the installations is TN-S.
This type of distribution is known also as protective multiple earthing.
The supply system PEN conductor is earthed at two or more points and an earth electrode may be necessary at or near a
consumer's installation.
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor via the main earthing terminal and the neutral
terminal, these terminals being linked together.
Fig2.5 TT system
source of energy
L1
L2
L3
N
consumers'
installations
/ \
installation
__.1
installation installation
earth : earth
electrode electrode
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode which is electrically independent of the source
ea rth.
Fig 2.6 lT system

source of energy
L1
L2
L3
earthing consumers'
impedance installations
/ \
installation
installation
earth
electrode
All exposed-conductive-parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode.
The source is either connected to Earth through a deliberately introduced earthing impedance or is isolated from Earth.
34
S Y M B O L SU S E DI N T H E R E G U L A T I O N S
includingfirstreference
rating lactor - gcncral A p p v l . S c c3 Ic cnarglrlg crlrrcrll A7t 1.525
ratirrglhctor firr antbicnt A p p x ' 1 .S c c3 l. tt r a t c c ls h o r l - t i n t c u i t h s t a n c lc u r r c l t t :13'+.

-5.-l
tcnrpcraturc
r a t i n g l a c t o r l i r r p r o t c c l i t c d c . ri c e A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 Id l a L r l tc u r r c n t o l ' l l r s t l i r u l t 4l l.(r.l
r l r i n s t a l a t i o r rc o n d i t i o n (lT svstcnr)
rating lirctrlr lirr hirlhcr harntonic A p p r I l . S c c3 p a r t ( ) l ' t h c c a r t h l u L r l tc u r r c n t i n 112.1.2

c L l r r e n t si n l i r r c c o n r l L r c t o r s thc high roltagc systcnt that
llori s llrrough thc carlhirrg
n t l i r t s l i r e t t r tl'i ) t 'o t ' ( ) u l t) ) u A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 a r r a l r g c l n c n to l ' t h c t r a n s f i r r n r c r
s u h s t a ito r r
rating tuctor lirr conclLrctors A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 lirult currcnt 1,+2.2.1

c n r b e c l c l e ci nl t h c r n r a l i n s L r l a t i o n
r i t t i t t ul l e t o t ' l i r r o P c l u t t t . A p p r . 1 .S c c 3 thc lirult currclrl that l'lou s 112.1.2

t c n r p c r a t u r c o 1 'c o n c l u c t u r t h r o u g h t h c c a r t h i n g a r r a l rg c n r c n t
o l ' t l t c c r p o s c r l - c r l r r c l r r icvt c - p a f t s
battcrv capacitv Ah A7t 1.5t5 o l ' t h c c c l u i l l n r c n ot l - t h c l o u
r r r l 1 1 1 .igr r s l l r l l l t i o rtrl u l i r r ! .i1r
or crall cablc clianrctcr nrn A p p r . 1 .T a b l c ' { A l pcrioclu lrcn thcrc is a high
r olta{lc lirult and a llrst lirult in
llrc loii r oltlrscilt:tlrllirtiorr
convcrttional cngth ol-thc supply krl 143.2.1
Ii n c L -
I ltl 5 ' r 'h a r n r o r . t i cc r l r r c n t A p p r | 1 .S c c3
the lcngthol'thc lou roltasc knr 443.2.1

o r c r h e a c ls u p p l l ' l i n c t o t h c Il',' r r ' l 'h A r n ' r o n i cc L l r r c l r t A p p r I l . S c c3
strLrcturc
thc lcncth ol'thc lotv voltagc knr 413.2.1

r a t c c lc u r r c n t ( ) r c L l r r c l r ts c t t i n ! I o l ' T a b l c, l l . i
p r o t c c t i r c c i c ri c c
l u n s c r c c n c dl i n c t o t h e s t r u c t u r e
4,+3.1.'+ Iln r a t c d r c s i c l r r a ol p c r a t i n g c u r r c r . r o
l l- T a b l c4 l . I
t h c l c n g t l ro l ' t h e h i g h v o l t a g c knr
t h c p r o t c c t i r c c l c ri c c i n a r t r p e r c s
o r c r h e a c ls u p p l y I i n c t o t h c
stnlctrlrc
Ink r a t c c lc u r r c n t o l ' t h c p r o t c c t i v c l i l r A p p r 1 0 .S c cl
.143.1..1 concluctork
c r i t i c aI l en e t h K IIl
lpl' p r o s l . r c c t i v cI u u l t c u r r c r r t Appr 6
t h c s u n ' to l ' 1 h c c o n t i n L r o u s A A p p r 10 . S c cl
c L l r r c n t * c a r r v i r r gc a p a c i t i c s o 1 'n t
I s c S I ( s h o r t - c i r c L r i tc u r r c r r t u n d e r 711..+li.l
c o n c l u c t o r si n p a r a ll c l
s t a n c l a r ctle s t c o n d i t i t l n s
group rating ltrctor A p p r - 1 .S c cl . - 1 . 3I. l1 t l t h u l r t t e t le t t t ' r e r t t -ter l r ' 1i l r r . : A p p r . 1 .S c c 3

c a p a c i l vo l ' a c a b l c
c l a s s ' g C ' u t i l i s a t i o l tc a t c g o r y 4 | I ..1.6
l/ currcnt-carryinu capacity of' a '113.1
I .
ol'luscs to BS l{8 - scncral usc
c l r h l el i r r e o n l i r r t r o u s e r ri e e
c l a s s ' s M ' u t i l i s a t i o nc a t c c o r y .1I I ..1.6 r r n c l c tr h c p a r t i c u l a ri n s l a ll a t i o n
o l ' l i r s c s t t r B S X X n r o l t r re i l e r r i t c o n r li t i o n s c o r r c c r n c c l
applications
I,,k l l t e c o t t t i n t t o t t se t r r t ' c r t t - c u l 'i rt rt g A p p r 1 0 .S c c t i ofr r
licqucncl, in cvclcs pcr scconcl Hz l r , - _ c a p a c i t l , o l ' c o t l c l t t c l t l rk
llr c n c r g v l c t - t h r o u g hv a l u c o l ' c l s i c c /\-s .134.-s.2

c r r r r c n t(g c n c r a l t c r n r) ll2.l
c L l r r c l r tc a u s i n g c l l c c t i r c . 1 3 - 1I. 1 .
' I ' a b l c. 1 1
c u r r c n t C a u s i n ga u t o n r a t i c .I o p er a t i o n o 1 ' t h e o t c r l o a c l
o p c r a t i o r ro l ' p r o t c c t i v c c l c ri c c p n r t c c t i r c c l c ri c c
ri ithin thc tintc statcd
t h c r r n a Ic o n d u c t i v i t y ' wnr-lK-l 5t3.7
d e s i u r re r r r r e l t t t l 'c i l c L r i t 4 3 - 1L. l
| .
k nrutcrial lirctor takcn liorl
r
,/\s
-nllI -
-l
.11,+.5.1
clcsigtt cLlfrcnt lirr ctllrclLrctork A p p r 1 0 .S c cl Tablc4i.l
l(- \- c n c r g v u i t h s t a n col l ' c a b l c

^ l
,/\-s -+l-+.5.1
35
,1.13
.1.-1 t tirnc (pcriocl) .+1.1.5.1
k,r fc(hlctiolr lirctor basccl ort tlte ratio
t l l ' s t r i l < c sl r c t r rc c n o r c r h c a c l l i n c s
artrl uttclcrgroutrclscrcctrcclcablcs
tl, t t t a r i t t l t t r t ll l c r n l i t l c c l I t t l r t l l a l
'( Appr .1.Scc {'
.1.13.1..+ t t p c r a ti r tg c o l l c l u c t ( ) rt c l l l p c r a l t l r c
k1 tl,pical rccluctionluctor lirr a
lratt s lirrnrcr 4 | I .(r..1
t-l voltagc bctu ccn litrcs
( r n V t A r ' r - c s i s t i cr v o l t a u c t l r o l . l IttV'A-l rtr-l r\ppr ;1.Scc (r

nr )r pcf alrllcrc llcf lllclrc Ut' p o r i c r l i c r l u c n c v l i r t r l tr o l t a g c t h a t 112.t.2
l u l l p c a r si n t h c l o r i r o l l a g c s v s t c l l t
(nrV/At fcacti\ c r oltagc dlop ttr\"A-l ttt-l A p p r - 1 .S c c 6
bct$ ccn crltosctl-cottdtrclir c-lllrrts
nr)r p c f a r l r p c f ep c f n l c t r c
anrl callh lirr thc clurltlionol'thc lhLrlt
( n r V / A / i r n p c t l a n c c r t l l t a g c t l r o l . ll t c r rllVA-l rll-l , A p p r- 1 .S c c 6
[ ] e cSt ( o p c n - c i r c u i tr o l t a g c t t n t l c r 712.4/+.1.1
|r'r)7 an.lpcfc pcr nletrc
s t a n t l a r r lt c s t c o l t d i t i o t t s
n n r n t t l r c r , r l ' e i r e t r i tisr t l ! l r , t t r 1 r Appr -1S

. c c1 . 3 . i . l
tr.. r o l t a g c a t l c s t c l c c t r o c l ct o l l l r r t h Appr I3.S.,
( u I t c n n r c a s u r i n gi n s t r l a t i o r t
12 l l < ) r l c s i s t a n c co l ' l ' l o o r sa l r c lu a l l s )
R. r c s i s t a n c co 1 ' s u l . r p l c n r c n t a r r "
bonclingcor.trluctor
U0 nonrirtala.c rttts T a b l c' 1 1. l
It r t h c s u r r o l ' 1 h e r c s i s t u r t c c os l ' t h c () " +| L 5 . 3 [:arth
carth clcctrodc antl thc prolcctirc
LJI 1.loucr licclrrcncvstl-cssI oltagc V 112.t.2
concluclorconnccting it to thc
bctu ccrt thc linc contluclttr arttl 1hc
c r p o s c c l - c o n c l r t ci rt c - p a r t s
crposctl-ctltrcltrctirc-1tar1s tll'thc lou
A l s o c l c l l n c c la s " t h c r c s i s t a n c c t l l ' 112.1.) r oltagc cr1ttiltttrctlt ()I' thc trallsI ()rlllcr
thc carthing arrangcntcntol'lltc s u b s l a l i o r ct l u r i t t gt h c l i r t r l t
c r p o s c c l - c o n d L r c t i v c - p a r t os l ' t h c
U: slrcss r oltagc
pou cr I'r-cclLrclrcv V 1,12.t.2
c r l r r i l . r n r c r or tl ' t h c l o u r o l t a g c
l.rctuccrt thc linc corttlucltlrlrrttltltc
irtstaIIation"
crposccl-cottcltrctir c-par1sol' thc ltlu
Ii3 r c s i s t a r t c co l ' l h c c a r t h i n g () 4 , 1 1 ..1l ol'thc lori r oltagc
r ollusc crlttil-uttcnt
a r r a l l g c u r c n to l ' t h c l t x r r o l t a g c irrslallatiortdurins thc lilLrlt
svstcln nctttntl" lirl lou roltagc
1, t h c i r r p c c l a n c cl r c t u c c n t h c l ( ) \ \ t2 , 1 , + l1. .l
s ) s t c n r si r r u l r i c h t l r c c a r l h i n g
r o l t a g c s v s t c t t ta t t t l a t t c a r t h i r r g
a r r a l t g c n r c r l l so l ' t h c l r a r t s l i t r t t ' t c t
a r n l ng c n l c l l t
s u b s t a t i o r at n d o l ' t h c l o r i r o l t a g e
svstcnr ncutral arc clcctricall1- o A p p r 1 0 .s . -
7.t l l r c i r n p c c l a r r c co l ' p a l a l l c l
i n c l c p c n r l c nt
contlttctor I
Ilt, r e s i s t a n c co l ' t h c c a r t h i n g o 142.t.2 '1,c

IJ Appr 2. Sc.-
that part ol'thc carth llttrlt looll
i l r r a n g c l l c n t o l ' t l r c l r a n sl i l n t t c r
inrpcdunccri hich is crlcrtral to
substatiott
thc installatiorr
I{r r c s i s t a n c co l ' t h c l i r u l t l) ,+'+l.l.l

7.f tlrc irlpcclancc ol'cotttlttctor k i2 A p p r 10 " \ , -
I{ t r c s i s t a n c co l ' I i n c c o u c l t t c t o tr l l ' a IJ .,\ppr -1.Schccltrlc ol'

!2 A p p r 10 . S . ,
7.,r, t h c i n r p c c l a n c co l ' p a r a ll c l
c i i s t r i b L r t i oonr l l n a l c i r c u i t t c s lr c s u l t s
c o n c l u c t r l rn ' t
I{. t ' c s i : l r t t t e, rel ' ei t ' e L r P

i tt r r l e e l i r c (2 A l t p r . 1 .S c h c d u l co l ' () l)art l
carth lirtrltloop irlpctlancc
c o n c l u c t o r( c p c ) o l ' a c l i s t r i b L r l i o n t c s tr c s u l t s
t r r ' l l r u rel i r e u i t .
L \ i n r p c c l a n c co l ' l l o o r i t t s u l a t i o t t A p p r 1 3 .S . -
s i z c ( n o n r i n u l c r o s s - s c c t i t , t r aal r c a t t r t t t l 5 - 1 i .| . l
ol'thc conductor')
7 . 1, n c r r t r a l - c a r t hl o o p i I r t p c c l a n c c o 'l I I .6..1
l
S 1 . . . . S l l r c r o s s - s c c t i o t taarlc l t r l I ' p a r a l l c l lll nl
-
A p p r 10 . S c c l ( I ' f s v s t c n r sr r i t h c l i s t r i b t r t c t l
cot.ttlttctrtrs n c u t r a lr l n l y)
St c r o s s - s c c t i o t t a l a l c a t l l ' c t t t r t l t t c t t t t ' kr t t r n l A p p \ 1 0 .S c c2 \) p h a s ca n g l c Appr 4. Sc,
cos O p ( ) \ \c r l a c t o r ( s i n t t s o i c l a l ) A p p r ' 1 .S c .
36
PART 3
S c cr 6
o F G E N E R A Lc H A R A c r E R r s f l c s
ASSESSMENT
CONTENTS
301 A s s e s s m e n t o f g e n e ra l c h a racteri sti cs
C H A P T E R3 1 , U P P L I E SA N D S T R U C T U R E
PURPOSES
311 Ma x i mu m d e ma n d a n d d i v e rsi ty
312 A rra n g e m e n t o f l i v e c o n d uctors and type of earthi ng
312.1 General
312.2 N u m b e ra n d t y p e o f l i v ec o n d u c t o r s
312. 3 T y p e o f e a rth i n ga rra n g e m e nt
313 Supplies
3 13 . 1 General
313. 2 S u p p l i e sfo r s a fe tys e rv i c e sand standbysystems
314 D i v i s i o n o f i n s ta l l a ti o n
C H A P T E R3 2 O F E X T E R N A LI N F L U E N C E S
CLASSIFICATION
CHA P T E R33 C O MP AT IB IL IT Y
331 C o m p a ti b i l i ty o f c h a ra c te ri sti cs
332 E l e c tro m a g n e ti cc o m p a ti bi l i ty
CHA P T E R34 MA IN T A IN A BIL IT Y

341 Ge n e ra l
CHA P T E R35 S AF E T Y S ER VIC ES

351 Ge n e ra l
352 C l a s s i fi c a ti o n
C H A P T E R3 6 C O N T I N U I T YO F S E R V I C E
361 Ge n e ra l
37
PART 3
O F G E N E R A LC H A R A C T E R I S T I C S
ASSESSMENT
301 ASSESSMENT OF GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
301.1 A n a s s e s s r . n es n c sf t h c i n s t a l l a t i o itnr a c c o r d a n clev i t h

h ta l lb c m a c l eo l ' t h e f i r l l o w i n gc h a r a c l e r i s t i o
the chaptersindicatecl:
(i) The purposefbr u'hichthe installation is intcndedto be usecl.its generalstrLrcture anclits supplies(Cihaptcr 3l)
( i i ) T h c e . r t e r n ai nl f l u e n c etso r i , h i c hi t i s t o b e e x p o s e d( C h a p t e3r 2 )
( i i i ) T h e c o m p a t i b i l i t oy l i t s c q u i p m e n(tt i h a p t e 3
r 3)
( i v ) l t s m a i n t a i n a b i l i t(yC h a p t e3r 4 )
(v) Recognised sen'iccs(Chaptcr35)
saf-ety
( v i ) A s s c s s u c r tl lb r c o n t i n u i t yo 1 ' s e n , i c(eC h a p t e3r 6 ) .
C H A P T E R3 1
P U R P O S ES, U P P L I E SA N D S T R U C T U R E
311 MAXIMUM DEMAND AND DIVERSITY
311.1 the uraximuurdeuand of an installationshall be asscssed.Itl

For cconclnricancl rcliable clesigrr"
demandof ar.rinstallationor partthereof.cliversityuraybe takeninto accoLlnl.
detenriningthe r.naxin.rum
312 ARRANGEMENT OF LIVE CONDUCTORSAND TYPE OF EARTHING
312.1 General
3 1 2 . ' 1. 1 T h c c h a r a c t e r i s t i cnst e n t i o n e di n R c g L r l a t i o n3s1 2 . 2 . 1 a n d 3 1 2 . 3 . 1 s h a l l b e a s c c r t a i n e da r l c l

appropriatcmcthodsof protectiontbr saf-ety selcctedin contplianccrvith Part'1.
3'12.2 Number and type of live conductors
312.2.1 Thc nuurberand typc ol'live conductors(c.g. singlc-phasc two-rvirea.c..three-phasefirur-rvirea.c.)

Wherc the
both fcrrthc sourceof'cnergyand fbr eachcircuit to be usedwithin the installatiort.
shall be deternrined,
sourceofencrgy is providedby a distributor"thc distributorshallbc consultedil'necessary.
312.3 Type of earthing arrangement
312.3.1 systemto be uscd fbr the installationshall be dctcrrnined,clueaccountbeirt,s

The t-vpeof ear-thing
and in particularof any facilitiesfbr carthing.
of thc sourceof cncrg1,"
lakeno1-thecharacteristics
Typesofsystemare:
T N - C . T N - S .T N - C - S .T T a n c lI T .
313 SUPPLIES
313.1 General
The fbllowing charactcristics of the supply or supplies.fltnr r.vhatevcr source,and the normal range of those
c sh e r ea p p r o p r i a t es .h a l lb e c l e t c r r r i n ebdy c a l c u l a t i o nm. c a s u r e u r e netn. e l u i roy r i n s p e c t r o n :
c h a r a c t c r i s t iw
( i ) T h e n o m i n a lv o l t a g e ( sa) n di t s c h a r a c t e r i s t iicnsc l u d i n -hua r m o n i cd i s t o r t i o n
(ii) The naturcol'thc currentancifi'cquency
(iii) The prospcctivcshort-circuitcurrentat thc clriginof thc installatror.r
Z"
( il'1 The earthfirult loop irr,pedanceo1-thatpar-to l'the systenrertemal to the installation.
( v ) T h e s u i t a b i l i t yt b r t h c r e q u i r e m c n tos1 ' t h ei n s t a l l a t i o ni n" c l u d i n gt h e n r a x i m u r .dne r . n a n c l
d e v i c e ( sa) c t i n ga t t h eo r i g i no l ' t h ei n s t a l l a t i t t r t .
( v i ) T h e t y p ea n c rl a t i n go 1t h c o v e r c u r f c upt r o t e c l i v e
3B
l-hesecharacteristics shallbe ascertained for an cxternalsLrpplyand shallbc determinedfbr a privatcsource.These
iirc cqLrallyapplicableto main suppliesand to saf-ety
lcclr.rircrlcnts servicesanclstandbysupplics.
NOTE: Theaboveinlbrrnatiorr shouldbeprovided on
by distribLrtols (sccAppcndix2 Para2).
rcqllcst
313.2 Supplies for safety services and standby systems
\\'lterethe provisionof satctyscrvicesis rcquired"lbr exarnple.by the authoritiesconcerncdwith fire precautions

.rndother conditionsfor ernergencyevacuationof the pren.rises. and/orrvhcrethe provisiono1'standbysuppliesis
lcquiredby the pcrsonspccilyingthe installation. thc of the sourceor sollrccsol supply for safcty
characteristics
s!'r\'icesand/orstandbysystemsshallbe separately assessed.Such sLrppliesshall haveadequatecapacity.reliability
.rnclratingand appropriatechangeover time tbr the opcrationspecified.
NOTE1: Forfirrtherrecluireutents lbr safctlserr"ices.
lbr sLtpplies sccCihapte-r
35 hcrcaftcr 56.
andCihapter
NOTE2: Forstandby theleareno particular
systems. in theseRegulations.
rcquirerlents
314 D I V I S I O NO F I N S T A L L A T I O N
314.1 lrvery installationshallbe divided into circuits.as ltccessary.

to:
( i ) a v o i dh a z a r d a
s n dm i n i r n i z ei n c o n v e n i e n ci nc t h e e v e n to f a f i t u l t
( i i ) t a c i l i t a t cs a f ' ci n s p e c t i o nt e. s t i n ga n d u r a i n t e n a n c( see ea l s cS
l e c t i o n, 5 3 7 )
( i i i ) t a k c a c c o u n t o f c l a n g c r t h a t m a y a r i s c l i o n r t h e t a i l au sr ei no-fs l e c i r c r . r i t s u c h a s a l i g h t i n g c i r c t r i t
currentsproduccd
trippingof RCDs due to exccssivcprolectiveconcluctor
{ir,) reducethe possibilityof unwantecl
by equipnrentin nclrnralopcration
(\') rnitigetethe eff-ects (EMI)
intcrl-erences
of electrouragnetic
t l i ) p r e v e nt h e i n d i r e c et n e r g i z i n o to be isolated.
g 1 ' ac i r c u i ti n t e n d e d
314.2 Separate circuitsshallbe providcdlbr partso1'theinstallationwhich needto be separatcly corrtrolled,

bi, the failure of other circuits.and due accollntshall be tal<etto1'
l sucha way that thosecircLritsare not afl-ected
:lreconsequences of any singleprotectivedevicc.
of the operatior.r
314.3 The numberrrf t-inalcircuitsrecluircd. of pointssupplicclby any flnal circuit.shallbe

and the nut.nber
.,.rchas to facilitatecor.npliance
with the requirenrentso1'Clrapter.l3lbr overcurrentprotectiort.Scctiott537 tbr
>rrlationand switchingand Chapter52 as rcgardscurrcnt-carrying capacitiesof conductors.
314.4 Wherean installationcomprisesr.nore than onc llnal circuit.eachlinal circLritshallbe conncctedto a

-Ji)arateway in a distributionboard.The rviringof eachflnal circuit shallbe electricallyseparatcliorn tlratof evcry
:herfinal circuit"so as to preventthe indirectencrgizingo1'allnal circuit intcndcdto be isolatecl.
CHAPTER32
NF E X T E R N A LI N F L U E N C E S
C L A S S I F I C A T I OO
l . el c r t o C h a p t e5r l a n dA p p c n d i x5 .
39
C H A P T E R3 3
COMPATIBILITY
331 C O M P A T I B I L I T YO F C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S
331.1 An assessmentshallbe rnadeol'any characteristicsof equipmentlikely to haveharntfuleff-ects upon

other electricalequipmentor other servicesor likely to impair thc supply, lirr example.fbr co-ordinationwith
concernedpartiese.g.petrolstations"
kiosksand shopswithin shops.Thosecharacteristics inclucle,fbr exarrple:
(i) transientovervoltases
(ii) undervoltage
( i i i ) u n b a l a n c eldo a d s
(iu) rapidly fluctuatingloads
(r ) startine grlrrenls
( v i ) h a r m o n i cc u r r e n t s
(vii) lcal<age current
(viii) excessil,e protectiveconductorcurrent
( i x ) d . c .f ' e e d b a c k
(r) h i g h - f i e q u c n coys c i l l a t i o n s
(ri) necessityfbr additionalconnections to Earth
(rii) p o w e rl a c t o r .
For an externalsourceof energy the distributorshall be cor.rsulted

regardingany equipmentof the installation
havinga characteristic
likely to havesignificanlinlluenccon tlresupply.
332 E L E C T R O M A G N E T I CC O M P A T I B I L I T Y
332.'l All flxcd installations

shallbe in accordance
with the rclevantEMC rcgulations.
332.2 Considerationshall be given by the plannerand designerof the electricalinstallationto measures

reducingthe effectof inducedvoltagedisturbancesand electromagr.retic (EMl). Measuresare given in
interl'crences
Chapter44.
CHAPTER34
MAINTAINABILITY
341 GENERAL
341 .1 An asscssment shall bc uradc of the fieqLrencyand quality of rnaintenance thc installationcan
reasonablybe expcctedto rcceiveduring its intendedlife. The personor body responsiblclbr the operationand/or
tnaintenance of'the installationshallbe consulted.Thosecharacteristics are to be takeninto accountin applyingthe
requirct.nentsof Par1s,1 to 7 so that,havingregardto the fi'equencyand qualityof rnaintenance expected:
(') any periodicinspectionand testing.maintenance and repairslikely to be necessary dLrringthe intendedlif-e
can be readilyand sal'elycarriedout. and
(ii) the etTectivcncss of the protcctivemeasures fbr saf'etyduringthe inlcndedlife shallnot diurinish,and
(iii) the reliabilityof equipmentfor properfunctioningolthc installationis appropriate to the intendedlif-e.
NOTE: Thcrcnraybeparticular
statutor-v
requircr.ncnts
rclatingto maintcnance.
40
35
CHAPTER
SAFETYSERVICES
351 GENERAL
NOTE 1: The neeclfbr safetyseruicesand thcir ni,rtufeare licqnently regulatcdby statutor'yauthoritieswhosc rcquircmcntshar"e
to be observed.
NOTE 2: Eramples of saf-et1' servicesarc: clnergencycscapelighting. llre alarm systems.installationsfbr firc punrps.lire
rcscuescrvicelifts. smokcandheatextractiouecluipment.
351.1 The lbllowing sources for saf'etyservices are recognised:

(i) S t o l a g eh a t t e r i e s
(ii) Primarycells
(iii) Generator sets independenttl1-thenonlral supply
(iv) A separatcf'eederof the supply network cl1-ectivelyindcpcndentof the nonxal f-eeder(see Regulation 560.6.4).
352 CLASSIFICATION
Ref-er
to Reeulation
560.4.
C H A P T E R3 6
OF SERVICE
CONTINUITY
361 GENERAL
361.1 An assessuient shall be rnade tbr each circuit ol any need fbr continuity of serviceconsiderecl
duringthe intendedlif-eof the installationc.g. life-supportsystel.ns.
necessary shallbe
The fbllowing charactcristics
considered:
(i) Selectionof tl.resystemearthing
(ii) Selectiono1'theprolectivedevicein orderto achievediscrimination
( i i i ) N u r n h eor l - c i r c u i t s
(iv) Multiple power supplies
( v ) U s eo 1 ' m o n i t o r i ndge v i c e s .
A 4
PART4
FORSAFETY
PROTECTION
CONTENTS
C H A P T E R4 1 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T E L E C T R I CS H O C K
410 Introduction
411 Protective measure: Automatic disconnection of supply
412 Protective measure: Double or reinforced insulation
413 Protective measure: Electrical separation
414 Protective measure: Extra-low voltage provided by sELV or PELV
415 Additional Protection
416 Provisions for basic protection
417 Obstacles and placing out of reach
418 P r o t e c t i v em e a s u r e s f o r a p p l i c a t i o no n l y w h e n t h e i n s t a l l a t i o ni s c o n t r o l l e d
or under the supervisionof skilled or instructedpersons
C H A P T E R4 2 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T T H E R M A L E F F E C T S
421 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment
422 Precautions where particular risks of fire exist
423 Protection against burns
C H A P T E R4 3 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T O V E R C U R R E N T
430 Introduction
431 Protection according to the nature of the circuits and the distribution system
432 Nature of Protective devices
433 Protection against overload current
435 Co-ordination of overload current and fault current protection
436 Limitation of overcurrent by the characteristics of the supply
C H A P T E R4 4 P R O T E C T I O NA G A I N S T V O L T A G E D I S T U R B A N C E S
AND ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES
440 Introduction
441 Not used
442 Protectionof low voltage installationsagainsttemporaryovervoltagesdue to earth faults in
the high voltage system and due to faults in the low voltage system
443 Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switching
444 Measures against electromagnetic influences - Reserved for future use
445 Protection against undervoltage
+z
C H A P T E R4 1
PROTECTION
AGAINSTELECTRICSHOCK
CONTENTS
410 Introduction
410.1 Scooe
410.2 l/of used
410.3 Generalreouirements
411 Protectivemeasure:automaticdisconnectionof supply
411.1 General
411.4 TN system
411.5 TT system
411.6 lT system
411.7 Functional
Extra-Low Voltage(FELV)
411.8 Reducedlowvoltagesystems
412 Protectivemeasure:doubleor reinforcedinsulation
412.1 General
412.2 Requirements andfaultprotection
for basicprotection
413 Protectivemeasure:electricalseparation
413.1 General
414 Protectivemeasure:extra-lowvoltageprovidedby SELVor PELV
414.1 General
andfaultprotection
414.3 Sourcesfor SELVandPELV
414.4 Reouirementsfor SELVand PELVcircuits
415 Additionalprotection
415.1 protection:
Additional currentdevices(RCDs)
Residual
415.2 protection:
Additional equipotential
Supplementary bonding
416 Provisionsfor basic protection
416.1 Basicinsulationof liveoarts
416.2 Barriersor enclosures
417 Obstaclesand placingout of reach
417.1 Application
417.2 Obstacles
417.3 Placing
outof reach
418 Protectivemeasuresfor applicationonly wherethe installationis controlled
or underthe supervisionof skilledor instructedpersons
418.2 Protection
by earth-freelocalequipotential
bonding
418.3 Electrical
separationfor thesupplyto morethanone itemof current-using
equipment
C H A P T E R4 1
A G A I N S TE L E C T R I CS H O C K
PROTECTION
4'IO INTRODUCTION
This chapterclealsrvith plotectionagainstelectricshock as appliedlo electricalinstallations.lt is bascdon IEC

. S EN 6l 140is
( r 1 1 . 1 0w. h i c h i s a b a s i cs a l ' c t ys t a n d a r dt h a t a p p l i e st o t h e p r o t c c t i o no f p c r s o l l sa r l d l i v e s t o c kB
intendcclto give firndamental principlesand requircments that are colrlrronto electricalinstallatiorts and ecluipment
or are necessnry
lbr their co-ordination.
T h e t i r n c l a n t c n traull e 0 1 ' p r o t e c t i oang a i n set l e c t r i cs h o c k ,a c c o r d i n gt o B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 .i s t h a t h a z a r d o L r s - l i v c - p a r t s

shallnot be accessible and accessible conductivcpartsshallr.rotbc hazardous-live. eitherin tlscwithotlt a fault clrin
single-f'au lt conditions.
A c c r l r d i n gr o 4 . 2 o f B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 .p r o t c c t i o nu n d e rn o r t l a l c o n d i l i o n si s p r o v i d e db y b a s i cp r o t e c t i v cp r o v i s i o n s
alcl protectionundcr single-fhultconditionsis provided by fhult protcctiveprovisions.Alternativcly.protectloll
againstelectricshock is providedby an cnhanccdprotectivcprovisionrvhichprovidesprotectionin usc without a
f-aulttrndundersinglc-fhultconditions.
I n B S 7 6 7 1: 2 0 0 1:
(i) protectionin use lvithout a f'ault(norv designatcdbasic protection)was rcl-erredto as prolcctionagainst
directcontact.and
(ii) protectionundcr fault conclitions(norv designatedf-aultprotection)\r'as rcf-erred1tl as protcctionagainst
i n d i r e c ct o l r t a c t .
410.1 Scope
Chaptcr,ll specifiescssentialrcquirentents rcgardingprotcctionagainstclectricshock.includingbasicprotcctiorl

and fault protcction of persons and livcstock. tt clealsalso rvith the applicaticlnand co-ofdinationof thcse
in relatiou
recluirct.t.tct.tts to inf-luences.
exterttal
aregiven tbr the applicationof additionalprotectionin certaincases.

Requirements
410.2 Nof used
410.3 General requirements
410.3.1 stated:
T h e f o l l o w i n gs p e c i l i c a t i oonf v o l t a g ei s i n t e n d c du n l e s so t h e r w i s e
a.c.volta-uesare rrrs
d.c. voltagesarc ripple-fi'ce.
4'10.3.2 shallconsistof-:
A protectivclrleasure
(i) an appropriatecornbinationof a provision lbr basic protcctionand an indepcndentprovisiorl lbr lault
protcction.or
(ii) an euhancedprotectiveprovisionu,hichprovidcsboth basicprotectionand fault protectiotl.
Adclitionalprotectionis spccifieclas parl of a protectivelreasurcuttdercertainconditionsof externalinfluenceand

in certainspeciallocations(sccthe corresponding, of Palt 7).
Sectior.rs
NOTE 1: Forspecial protecti\,c
applicatigrrs. rneasures (sceRegtrlations'1
arepcnllitted
*'hichdo notfollowthisconccpt 10.3.5
z l
and 10.3.6).
NOTE2: An cxamplco1'arr protectivc
enhancecl nreasure insulation.
is rcinfbrcecl
410.3.3 I n e a c hp a r to f a n i n s t a l l a t i oonn eo r l r o r e p r o t e c t i v ler l e a s u r essh a l lb c a p p l i e dt.a k i n ga c c o u not f t h e

conditionsof cxtcrnalinflucnce.
The fbllou'ingprcltective mcasLlres generallyare pernlitlcd:

( i ) A u t o m a t i cd i s c o n n c c t i oonf s u p p l y( S e c t i o n' 1I I )
( S e c t i o n: l l 2 )
( i i ) D o u b l eo r r e i n f t r r c eidn s u l a t i o n
( i i i ) E l e c t r i c asl c p a r a t i ofnb r t h es u p p l yt o o n e i t c l r o f c u r r c r t l - t t s i negq t r i p m e n( tS c c t i o n4 1 3 )
( i r , ) E x t r a - l o wv o l t a g e( S E L V a n c P l E L V ) ( S e c t i o n' 1l 4 ) .
t rn de r c c t i c lonf c q u i p m c n t .
T h c p r o t e c t i y ter e a s u r eas p p l i e di n t h c i r r s t a l l a t i osnh a l lb c c o n s i d e r eicnl t h c s e l e c t i o a
44
F o r p a r t i c u l airn s t a l l a t i o nsse eR e g u l a t i o n2s1 0 . 3 . 4t o , 11 0 . 3 . 9 .
NOTE: In clcctrical
installations usedprotcctivc
themostcor.r.u.r-ronly urcasllfe
is autonratic o1'supply.
clisconnection
410.3.4 For special installationsor locations, thc additional protective measures specified in thc
corresponding
sectionof Part7 shallbe applied.
410.3.5 T h e p r o t e c t i v em e a s u r essp e c i f i e di n S e c t i o n4 1 7 . i . e .t h e u s eo f o b s t a c l eas n c lp l a c i n go u t o f r c a c l . t .

shallbe usedonly in installations rvhereaccessis restrictedto:
( i ) s k i l l c d ,o r
( i i ) i n s t r u c t epde r s o n sL r n d et rh c s u p e r v i s i oonf s k i l l e dp e r s o n s .
410.3.6 T h ep r o t e c t i v e
m e a s u r essp e c i f i c di n S e c t i o n4 1 8 "i . e .
( i ) n o n - c o n d u c t i nl o
gc a t i o n
(ii) earth-fieelocaleqLripotcntial
bonding
(iii) fbr the supplyto lrore thanone item of currerrt-using
electricalseparation equipnrent
pcrsonsso that
shall be applied only where the installationis undcr the supcrvisionof skilled or instrLrctcd
runauthorized
changescannotbe made.
410.3.7 If certain conditionsof a protectivemeasurecannot be met. suppleurentary

provisionsshall be
appliedso that the protectiveprovisionstogctherachievethc sat.ne
degreeof safbty.
N O T E : A n e x a m p loef t h ca p p l i c a t i o nf t h i sr e g u l a t i oi sng i v e ni n R e g u l a t i o
4nl 1 . 7( F E L V ) .
410.3.8 applicd tcl the same installationor part of an installationor within

Difl-crcntprotectivr-nrL-asLrres
!'cluiprrentshall har"eno influenceon eachothcr sLlchthat failureof one protectivcrneasurr-
could inrpairthe clther
protectlvemcasul'cor measures.
410.3.9 The provisionfbr f'aultprotectionmay be omittedlor thc lbllorvingequipment:

( i ) M e t a l s u p p o r t so l ' o v e r h c a dl i n e i n s u l a t o r rsv h i c ha r e a t t a c h c ct ol t h e b u i l d i n ga n d a r c p l a c e do u t o 1 ' a r n r ' s
rcaeh
rii) Steelreinfbrcedconcrctcpolesof overheadlinesin rvhichthc stcelreinfbrcerrentis not accessiblc
(iii) Exposcd-conductive-partswhich. owing to tl.reirrcduceddimensions(approximater.naximut.t.r ol'50 rnm x
50 mm) or their disposition"cannotbe grippedor comc into significantcontactu'ith a part ol thc human
body and providcdthat conncctionu,ith a protcctiveconductorcould only bc madclvith difficulty or u'ouicl
bc unreliable
NOTE:Thiserenrption to bolts.rir,ets.
tbr examplc.
applies" nanreplates,
cablcclips.scrcwsarrdotherlirings.
( i v ) M e t a le n c l o s u r epsr o t e c t i n e
g r l u i p l r e nitn a c c o r d a n cwei t h S e c t i o n4 1 2
(v) Unearthedstreetfirrnituresuppliedfiotn an overheadline and inaccessible
in norrlal use.
4'11 P R O T E C T I V E M E A S U R E : A U T O M A T I C D I S C O N N E C T I O NO F S U P P L Y
4'11.1 General
of'supplyis a protectivelreasurein u'hich:

.\utouatic disconnection
(i) basicprotectionis prclvidedby basicinsulationof live partsor by barriersor errclosures.
in accorclancc
ri'ith
S c c t i o r4. r1 6 "a n d
(ii) f'aultprotectionis providedby protectivceafthing.protcctiveequipotentialbondingand automaticdisconucction
i n c a s eo f a f a u l t .i n a c c o r d a n cwei t h R e g u l a t i o n4s1 1 . 3t o 4 l 1 . 6
Wherethis protectivemeasureis applied,Classll equipnrentI.nayalsclbe used.
Wherespccificd.the requirernents fbr aclditionalprotectionshallbe providedby an RtiD havingthe charactcristics

specifiedin Rcgulation.1I 5. I . | .
NOTE: A rcsidualcufrentInonitor(R(lM) is not a protective
dcvicebr,rtit rray be usedto rnonitorresiclual
currentsin atr
electrical An t{ClMproduces
installation. andvisualsignalrvhcna prcselected
an audiblcor ar.rclible valueof resiclual
currcntis reached.
d e s c r i b e idn S e c t i o n4 1 6 ( b a s i c
\ l l c l c c t r i c ael c l u i p m e ns th a l lc o r n p l yu , i t ho n eo 1 ' t h ep r o v i s i o n fso r b a s i cp r o t e c t i o n
i n s u l a t i o nb:a r r i e r so r e n c l o s u r e so)r . r v h e r ea p p r o p r i a t eS,e c t i o n4 17 ( o b s t a c l e spl a c i n go u t o f r e a c h ) .
411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding
411.3.1.1 Protective earthing
Exposed-conductive-partsshall be connectedto a protectiveconductorunderthe specificconditior.rs

fbr eachtype
,1I 1.4to 4l 1.6.
of systemearthingas specifiedir.rRegr-rlations
Sirnultaneously
accessible
shallbe connectedto the saurecafthingsystemindividually.in
groupsor collectivelv.
Conductorsfbr protectiveearthingshallcomply rvith Chapter-54.
A circLritprotectiveconductorshallbe run to and tcrminatedat eachpoint in wiring and at eachaccessory

exccpta
lampholderhavingno exposed-conductivc-par1s and suspended f}om sucha point.
411.3.1.2 Protectiveequipotential bonding
In each installationurain protectivebonding conductorscorrrplyingu,ith Chapter54 shall connectto the urain

earthir.rg tcrtrinal extrancous-conductive-parts includingthe fbllorving:
( i ) W a t e ri n s t a l l a t i opni p e s
( i i t C a s i n s t a l l a t i opni p e s
(iii) Otherinstallationpipeu,orkand ducting
(iv) Centralheatingand air conditioningsystems
(v) Exposedmetallicstructuralpartsof the bLrilding.
Connectionof a lightning protectionsystelnto the protectiveequipotentialbondingshall be made in accordance

with BS EN 62305.
Wherean installationservesmorethanone buildingthe aboverequirementshallbe appliedto eachbuilding.
To corrtplyrviththc requirenrents
o1-these it is alsonecessary
Regulations to applyequipotential bondingto any metallic
sheathof a telecornmunication cable.Hcrwever.
thc ct'rnscntof the owncr or oDeratorof the cableshallbe obtaincd.
411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault
411.3.2.1 E x c e p ta s p r o v i d e db y R e g u l a t i o n4s1 1 . 3 . 2 . 5a n d 4 l 1 . 3 . 2 . 6 ^a p r o t e c t i v ed e v i c es h a l la L r t o u r a t i c a l l y
interruptthe supplyto the line corrductorof a circuit or equipmentin the eventof a lault of negligiblcimpedance
betweenthe line cot.tductor and an exposed-conductive-part or a protectiveconductorin the circrrittrr ecluipnrent
w i t h i nt h ed i s c o n n e c t i toi nr n er e q u i r e bd y R e g u l a t i o4n11 . 3 . 2 . 2 , 4 1 1 . 3 . o2 r. :311 1 . 3 . 2 . 4 .
411.3.2.2 The rnaximuurdisconncction

tiurestatedirrTable4l . I shallbe appliedto finalcircuitsnotexcceding
32 A.
TABLE 41.1
Maximum disconnection times
5 0 V < U o < 1 2 0 V l 2 0 V < U o < 2 3 0 V2 3 0 V < U o < 4 0 0 V Uo>400V

System seconds seconds seconds seconds
a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.
TN 0.8 NOTE1 0.4 5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1
TT 0.3 N O T E1 0.2 0.4 0.07 0.2 0.04 0.1
Where, in a TT system,disconnectionis achievedby an overcurrentprotectivedevice and protective

equipotentialbondingis connected to all the extraneous-conductive-parts
within the installationin accordance
u'ithRegLrlation
411.3.1.2,
thc maximumdisconnection timesapplicable
to a TN systemmaybe used.
Uo is the nor.ninal
a.c.nxs or d.c. line voltageto Earth.
NOTE 1: Disconncctionis not requiredltrr protcctionagainstelectricshocl<but nra1,bc rcquircdfbr otherreasons.

suchas protectionagainstthermalefftcts.
NOTE 2: Wherecomplianccr'viththis rcgulationis providcdby an RCD. the disconnection times in accordatrcc
rvith Table z1l.l relateto prospectiveresidualtault currentssiunificantlyhigherthan the fatedresidual
operatingcurrento1'theItCD (typically2 L1n).
40
411.3.2.3 In a TN systern.a disconnection tiure not exceeding5 s is pernrittedfbr a distribLrtion
circuit and 1br
4 1| . 3 . 2 . 2 .
r c i r c r - rni to t c o v e r e db y R c g u l a l i o n
411.3.2.4 tirnenot cxceedingI s is permittedfbr a distributioncircuit anclltrr

In a TT systelr,a disconnection
4l |
r circuitnot coveredby Regulation .3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 For a syster.n with a nominalvoltageU0 greatcrthan 50 V a.c.or 120V d.c.,automaticdisconrrection

r n t h e t i r n er e q u i r e db y R e g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2 . 4 1 1 . 3 . 2o.r34 l 1 . 3 . 2 . ra1s, a p p r t r p r i a t ies. n o t r e q u i r e di f - .i n t h e e r c r t t
o1'alault to a protectiveconductoror Earth,the outputvoltageof thc sourccis rcducedin not more thanthat tinie to
-i0 V a.c.or 120 V d.c. or less.In sucha caseconsideration shallbe given 1odisconnection as recluiredfbr reasons
. ' t l r e tr h a r er l e c t r i sc l r o c k .
411.3.2.6 W h c r c a u t o m a t i cd i s c o n n e c t i oanc c o r d i n gt o R e g u l a t i o n 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 1c a n n o tb e a c h i e v e di n t h c t i r r e
d y R c g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2 , 411. 3 . 2 . 3o r 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . , a
r ! - q u i r eb b lo n d i n gs h a l l
1 s, a p p r o p r i a t es ,u p p l c m c n t a reyq u i p o t e n t i a
r u -p r o v i d e di n a c c o r d a n cwei t h R e g u l a t i o4n1 5 . 2 .
411.3.3 Additionalprotection
additionalprotectionby meansof an RCD in accordance

In a.c.systems, 4 I 5.I shallbe provicled
u'ith Regulation fbr:
(i) socket-outlets by ordinarypersonsand are intended
with a ratedcurrentnot exceeding20 A that arc fbr r-rse
fbr gerreraluse.and
(ii) mobileequipmentwith a currentratingnot exceeding32 A for useoutdoors.
\n exceptionto (i) is permittedfbr:

(a) socket-outlets for use underthe supervisionof skilled or instructedpersons.e.g. in some commercialor
industriallocations"
or
(b) a specificlabelledor otheruisesuitablyidentilledsocket-outletprovidedfbr connectionol'a particularitem ol'
eqLllplnent.
t hgca v o i d a n coe1 ' u n u ' a n t reidp p i n g .
N O T E1 : S e ea l s oI t e g u l a t i o3nlsz l l.( i v )a n d5 3 1 . 2 .c' 1o n c e r n i n
NOTE2: Thercquirements ol-ttegulation ,111.3.3do notapplyto FELVsvsterns according to l{cgulatiorr 4l 1.7or reduccd
low
voltagcsystems acctrlding to Regulatron 4l I .8.
411.4 TN system
411.4.1 In a TN system.the integrityof the earthingof the installationdependson the reliablcand el-fective
-'onnectionof the PEN or PE conductorsto Earth.Where the earthingis providedtiom a public or other suppli'
:\stem, complianceu'iththe necessaryconditionsexternalto the installationis the responsibilityof thc distributor.
411.4.2 The ner.rtralpoint or the uridpointof the porversupplysyslelnshall be earthed.If a ncutralpoint ttr
:lrdpoint is not availableor not accessible,a line conductorshallbe connected
to Ear1h.
Lach exposed-conductive-par1 ofthe installationshallbe connectcdby a protectivcconductorto the nraincarthing

:enrinal of the installation,which shallbe connectedto thc earthedpoint of thc powersupplysystenr.
NOTE: Thc PEandPENconductors

mayadditionally to [:arth.suchasat thcpointof entryintothebLrilding.
beconr.rcctcd
411.4.3 conductorlray scrveboth as a ploteclivcconductoranclas a neutral

ln a flxcd installation.a sir.rgle
,'i)nductor(PEN conductor)providedthat the requircments of Regulation543.4are satisflecl.
NOTE: In Clreat 8(4)of theElectricity

Britain.regulation Saf'ety. Corrtinuity
QLralitl'and 2002prohibits
Regulations theuscof
PENcor-rcluctors
in consumers'installations.
411.4.4 The fbllowing typesof protectivedevicemay be uscdfbr fault protcction:

(i) An overcurrentprotectivedevice
(ii) An RCD.
protcction
NOTE1: Whcrean RCDis usedfbr earthfar.rlt thecircuitshouldalsoincorporatc protectivc
an overcurrent dcl'icein
accordance
rvithChapter
43.
\n RCD shallnot be usedin a TN-C systenl.
\\ herean RCD is usedin a TN-C-S system.a PEN conductorshallnot be usedon the load side.The connectiotr
of
:hc protectiveconductorto the PEN conductorshallbe madeon the sourcesideof tlre RCD.
NOTE2: Wherediscrimination seeltequlation

RCDsis necessat'v.
betrveen 5i 1.2.9.
47
411.4.5 T h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i cos1 ' t h ep r o t e c t i v ed e v i c e s( s e eR e g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 4 . 4 )a n d t l . r ec i r c u i t i r u p c d a n c e s
s h a l l1 u l f i lt h e f b l l o w i n gr e q u i r e n t e n t :
ZsxlaSUtt
where:
7.s is the impcdancein ohnrs(Q) of the fault loop cornprising:
- the source
- the line conductorup to the point of the f-ault,arrd
- thc protectivcconductorbctwccnthe point ofthe fault and the source.
1,, is the currentin amperes(A) causingthe autouatic operationol the disconnecting devicc within the timc
2 r , a s a p p r o p r i a t cR, e g u l a t i o znl l l . 3 . 2 . 3 . W h c r ae n R C D i s
s p c c i f i e di n T a b l e . l l . l o l ' R c g u l a t i o n4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . o
used this current is the rated rcsidLralopcratingcurrentproviding disconnectionir.rthe tirne spccifieclin
T a b l e4 l . I o r R e g L r l a t i o4nl I . 3 . 2 . 3 .
Uo is the nourinala.c.rursor cl.c.line voltage1oEarlh in volts(V).
NOTE: Wherecompliance rviththisrcgulation
is providedby an RC'D.tlrcdiscouncctiou
tintesin aceordancc
*,ithTable:ll.l
relateto prospectivc residuallaultcurrentssignificantly
higherthantheratcdresidualopcrating
currerrt
ofthc I{Clt)
( t y p i c a l Il l I q , , t .
411.4.6 Where a luse is Llsedto satisfythe requirements of Regulation111.3.2.2, maxin.rumvalr-resof earth

fault loop impedance(2.) corresponding to a disconnectiontime of 0.4 s arc stateclin Tablc 41.2 fbr a nolxinal
voltage(Uo) of 230 V. For types and ratedcurrentsof generalpurposc(gG) fuscsother than thosc ntentionedin
Tablc 41.2. and for rnotor circr.ritluscs (gM). ref-erence
slrouldbe made to the appropriateBritish Stanclarcl to
determinethe valueof l" lbr contplianccwith Regulation,1I 1.4.5.
TABLE 41.2
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs)for fuses, for 0.4 s disconnection time with Uoof 230 V
( s e eR e g u l a t i o n4 l 1 . 4 . 6 )
(a) Generalpurpose (gG) fuses to BS 88-2.2and BS 88-6

Rating 6 l0 I6 20 2-s 32
(amperes)
Zs(ohms) 8.52 - 5 . I1 2.70 1.77 1.14 1.04
(b) Fuses to BS 1361
Rating 5 15 20 30
(amperes)
Zs(ohms) 10.45 3.28 1.70 I.l5
(c) Fuses to BS 3036 ( d ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 2

Rating 5 15 20 30 Rating I lj
(amperes) (amperes)
Zs(ohms) 9.58 2.55 1. 7 1 | .09 Z5(ohms) 16.4 2.42
NoTE:Thccircr:itloopimpec1anccsgiveninthetab|eshtulc1notbeexcccdedlr'hcnthe
If thecorrcluctors
areat a dill'erent
temperature
whentestcd.
thereading
shouldbc ad.iusted
accordingly.
See-
Appendix1..1.
i
411.4'7 W h c r e a c i r c u i t - b r e a k ei sr u s e dt o s a t i s l yt h c r e q u i r e n r e n t .sl l ' R e g u l a t i o1n1 1 . 3 . 2 . 2o r R e g u l a t i o n , ir
4 1 1 . 3 . 2 . 3t .h e m a x i m u r nv a l u co f e a r t hf a u . l lto o p i r n p e d a n c(c2 5 )s h a l lb e d e t c r n t i n ebdy t h c l b r m u l ai n R e g u l a t i o n
4 1 1 . 4 . 5A. l t c r n a t i v e l yf,b r a n o r r i n a lv o l t a g e( U o )o f 2 3 0 V a n d a d i s c o n n e c t i otni n t eo f 0 . 4 s i n a c c o r d a n cw eith
Regulation 4 1 1 . 3 . 2 .o2r 5 s i n a c c o r d a n cwc i t h R e g u l a t i o4nl 1 . 3 . 2 . 3t .h e v a l u e ss p e c i l l e di n T a b l e4 1 . 3l b r t l r et y p e s (i
and ratingsof overcurrentdcviceslistedrnaybe usedinstcadof calculation. iil
r{llil
48
TABLE 41.3
Maximum earth fault loop impedance(Zs) for circuit-breakerswith Uoof 230 V,
for instantaneousoperationgiving compliancewith the 0.4 s disconnectiontime of
Regufation411.3.2.2and 5 s disconnectiontime of Regulation411.3.2.3
(a) Type B circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1

Rating 3 6 l0 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 ln
{amperes)
Z5(ohms) I .67 2.87 I .84 L 15 0.73 0.46 46rtn
15.33 4.60 2.30 1. 4 1 0.92 0.5'7 0.37
S (b) Type C circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1
n
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 rn
tamneres)
2 5( o h m s ) 3.83 1.44 0.92 ().57 0.36 0.23 23iln
2.30 1.15 0.12 0.46 0.29 0.18
(c) Type D circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the overcurrentcharacteristicsof RCBOsto BS EN 61009-1
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 I.
(amperes)
25(ohms) 1.92 0.72 0.46 0.29 0.18 0 . 1I I L5itn
l.15 0.5-/ 0.36 0.23 0.14 0.09
NOTE: Thecircuitloopimpedances givenin thetableshouldnotbeexceeded
whentheconductors
areattheirnomaloperating
temperature
lfthe conductorsareat a dif}-erent
temperature whentested,thereadingshouldbeadjustedaccordingly.
SeeAppendixlz1.
411.4.8 Where a fuse is used for a distributioncircuit or a final circuit in accordancewith Regulation
.r. 1.3.2.3,maximum valuesof earth fault loop impedance(Zs) corresponding to a disconnectiontime of 5 s are
.:.rtedin Table 41.4for a nominalvoltage(Uo) of 230 V. For types and rated curents of generalpurpose(gG) fuses
:irer than those mentionedin Table 41.4, and for motor circuit fuses (gM), referenceshould be made to the
:-ipropriateBritish Standardto determinethe valueof Ia for compliancewith Reeulation4l I .4.5.
TABLE 41.4
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) for fuses, for 5 s disconnection time with Uo of 230 V
(seeRegulation411.4.8)
'a) Generalpurpose (gG) fuses to BS 88-2.2and BS 88-6
Rating 6 10 16 20 25 32 40 50
r mperes)
1 - i( o h m s ) 13.5 7.42 4.18 2.91 2.30 1.8,1 1.35 1.04
Rating 63 80 100 125 160 200
(amperes)
Z s( o h m s ) 0.82 0.57 0.42 0.33 0.25 0 .1 9
b ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 1
Rating 5 I5 20 30 45 60 80 100
amperes)
Z.tohms) 16.4 5.00 2.80 1.84 0.96 0.10 0.50 0.36
c) Fuses to BS 3036
Rrting 5 15 20 30 45 60 100
: mperes)
1 - {. o h m s ) 17.7 5.35 3.83 2.64 1.59 1.t2 0.53
d ) F u s e st o B S 1 3 6 2
Rrting 3 13
: nrperes)
Z. tohms) 23.2 3.81
\OTE: Thecircuitloopimpedancesgiveninthetableshouldnotbeexceededwhentl-reconductorsareattheirnormal opemtingtempeftlture.
Ifthe conductorsare at a difTerenttemperaturewhen tested.the readingshouldbe adjustedaccordingly.SeeAppendix I 4.
49
411.4.9 Where arr RCD is usedto satisfythe requirements
of Regulation411.3.2.2.
the maximum valuesof
earth fhult loop irrpedancein Table 41.5 may be appliedfbr non-delayedRCDs to BS EN 61008-1and BS EN
61009-l for final circuits not exceeding32 A. In such cases,an overcrlrrentprotectivedevice shall provide
protectionagainstoverloadcurrentand lault currentin accordance
with Chapter43.
411.5 TT system
411.5.1 Evcry exposed-conductive-part whiclr is to be protectedby a single protectivedevice shall be

connccted" via the r.nainear-thing
tenninal.to a corrmonearthelectrode.However,if two or more protectivedevices
are in series.the exposed-conductive-parts may be connectedto separateeafih electrodescorresponding to each
protectivedel'ice.
411.5.2 One or moreof tlrefbllowing typesof protectivedeviceshallbe used,the formerbeingprel-erred:

(i) An RCD
( i i ) A n o v c r c u r r e nptr o t e c t i v e
device.
NOTE 1: An appropriate overcurrcnt protective
devicerray be usedfbr faultprotection
provideda suitablylow valueof Zs is
permanently andreliablyassured.
NOTE 2: Whcrcan I{CD is r-rscd ftrr eafthfaultprotectionthecircr-rit
shouldalsoincorporate protective
an overcrurent devicein
accordance r.r'ithChaptcr43.
411.5.3 lbr earthlault protection,the follou'ingconditionsshallbe fulfilled:

Wherean RCD is r-rscd
( i ) T h e d i s c o n n e c t i ot n
i m e s h a l lb e t h a tr e q u i r e db y R e g u l a t i o4nl | . 3. 2 . 2o r 4 I 1. 3 . 2 . 4a. n d
( i i ) R , , rx I l n < 5 0 V
u'ltere:
R,\ is the sum ofthe rcsistancesolthe earlhelectrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the exposed-
Irn is the ratedrcsidualoperatingcurrentof the RCD.
The rcquirementsof this regulationare met if the eafih lault loop impedanceof the final circuit protectedby the
R C D r n e e t st h e r e c l u i r e n r e notfsT a b l e4 1 . 5 .
NOTE 1: Whclcdiscrirrrirratron
bt'tscr-nRCDsis nccessaryref'er
alsoto Regr-rlation
531.2.9.
NOTE 2: Wl.rcrcRr is rrotknorvn,it maybc replacecl
by 25.
TABLE 41.5
Maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) to ensure RCD operation
i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h R e g u l a t i o n 4 ' 1 1 . 5 . 3f o r n o n - d e l a y e d R C D s
t o B S E N 6 1 0 0 8 - 1a n d B S E N 6 1 0 0 9 - 1f o r f i n a l c i r c u i t s n o t e x c e e d i n g 3 2 A
Rated N'laximumearth lault loop impedanceZs (ohms)

residualoperating currcnt
(mA)
5 0 \ ' < U o < 1 2 0 Vl 2 0 V < U o < 2 3 0 V2 3 0 V < U o S 4 0 0 V Uo>400V
30 *
1(t6'7 | 6(t7* I533* 1667*
100 500* 500+ 460x 500'r
300 t67 167 153 161
500 100 100 92 100
N O T E 1 : F i q u r e s f o r Z s r e s u l t f i o m t h e a p p l i cRaet g
i ounl a
o tf i o n , t 1 1 . 5 . 3 ( i ) a n d 4 l I . 5 . 3 ( i i ) .
Disconncction mustbeensured n'ithinthetimesstated in Table41.1.
NOTE2: 'r Thercsistance of theinstallation earthelectrode shouldbeaslow aspracticable. A value
cxcceding 200ohmsrraynotbc stablc. Referto Regr.rlation 542.2..2.
411.5.4 Wherean ovcl'currentprotective

deviceis usedthe following conditionshallbe fulfilled:
Z.xla<Uo
where:
Zs is the iurpcdancein ohms(O) of the earthf-aultloop comprising:
- the source
- thc line conductorLrpto the point of the tault
- the protectiveconductorfiom the exposed-conductive-parts
- the earthingconductor
50
- the eafthelectrodeof the installation.and
- the earthelectrodeofthe source.
I , is the curent in amperes(A) causingthe automaticoperationof the disconnecting devicewithin the time
s p e c i f i e d i n T a b l e 4 l . l o f R e g u l a t i o n 4 l l . 3 . 2 . 2 o r , a s a p p r o p r i a t e , R e g u l1a.t3i o. 2n.441.
is the nominala.c.nrs or d.c. line voltageto Earthin volts (V).
1 11 . 6 lT system
111.6.1 ln an TT system,live partsshallbe insulatedfrom Earthor connectedto Earththrougha sufficiently

- : inlpedance.This connectionmay be made either at the neutral point or n.ridpointof the systern.or at an
-.rcial neutral point. Tlre
latter n.raybe connecteddirectly to Earth if the resulting impedarrceto Eafih is
' :::ciently high at the systemfrequency.Where no neutralpoint or midpoint erists.
a line conductormay be
, rrr-Ctcd to Earththrougha high impedance.
''.:erthe aboveconditions,
the fault currentis low in the eventof a single-faultto an exposecl-conductive-part
or to
-,:':hand automaticdisconnectionin accordance with Regulation411.3.2is not requiredprovidedtlre appropriate
- r:Jition in Regulation411.6.2is fulfilled. Precautionsshall be taken to avoid the risk of harrnfuleffectson a
'-r>!rn in contact
with simultaneor-rslyaccessibleexposed-conductive-parts in the event of two faults existing
. : :.rltaneously.
. stronglyrecommended
that IT systemswith distributedneutralsshouldnot be employed.
111.6'2 Exposed-conductive-parts
shallbe earthedindividually,in groups.or collectively.
: lbllowing conditionshallbe fulfilled:

it I n a . c .s y s t e m s RR, I.'< l 50 V
r it I n d . c .s y s t e m s x <
R r \ I a 1 2 0V
'if
!':
il I is the sum ofthe resistancesofthe earlhelectrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the cxposed-

ll is the fault cunent in amperesof the first fault of negligibleimpedancebetweena line conductorand an
exposed-conductive-part. The valueofIa takesaccountofleakagecurrentsand the total cartlringirrpedance
of the electricalinstallation.
41 1'6'3 The fbllowing rronitoringdevicesand protectivedevicesmay be used:

r r) Insulationn.ronitoring
devices(lMDs)
, ii) Residualcurrentrnonitoringdevices(RCMs)
rr) Insulationlault locationsystems
i r\ ) Overcurrentprotectivedevices
(\ ) RCDs.
411.6'3.1 Wherean IT systen.r is usedfbrreasonsof continuityof supply,an insr-rlation rnonirorinccleiiceshall

-r'provided to indicatethe
occumenceof a first fault from a live part to an exposed-conductirc-part or to Earth.
. h i s d e v i c es h a l li n i t i a t ea n a u d i b l ea n d / o r v i s u asl i g n a w
l h i c h s h a l lc o n t i n u ea s l o r r ga s t h e f a L r lpt e r s i s t s .
: thereare both audibleand visr-ral
signalsit is permissiblelbrthe audiblesignalto be cancellecl.
411'6.3.2 Exceptwhere a protectivedevice is i,nstalled to interruptthe supplv in the cvent of the first earth
:rttlt. an RCM or an insulationlault locationsystemshallbe provideclto indicatcthe occurrenceof a first fault fiorr
,, live parl to an exposed-conductive-paft or to Earth.This device shall initiate an audibleand/or visual sisnal"
i hich shallcontinueas long as the lault persists.
It thereareboth audibleand visual signalsit is pennissibleforthe audiblesignalto be cancellcc.
411.6'4 After the occurrenceof a first flault,conditionsfor autor.natic

clisconnection
of supplyin the eventof
., secondf-aultoccurringon a differentlive conductorshallbe as fbllows:
( i) Wherethe exposed-conductive-pafis are interconnected
by a protectiveconductorarrclcollectivelyearthcdto the samc
earthingsystem.the conditionssimilarto a TN systemapply and the following conditionsshallbe fulfilled rvherethe
neutralconductoris not distributedin a.c. systemsand in d.c. systemswhere the midpoint conductoris not
distributed:
I I
z' <
zL^
51
or, where the neutralconductoror midpoint conductorrespectivelyis distributed:
ttr=+
where:
U is the nominala.c.or d.c. voltage,in volts,betweenline conductors.
Uo is the nominal a.c. rms or d.c. voltage,in volts, betweena line conductorand the neutralconductoror
midpointconductor.as appropriate.
Zs is the impedance in ohms of the fault loop comprising the line conductor and the protective
Zt, is the impedancein ohms of the fault loop comprising the neutral conductor and the protective
Ia is the currentin amperescausingautomaticoperationof the protectivedevicewithin the time specified
Regulation4l I .3.2.3,for a TN system.
in Table41.1 of Regulation411.3.2.2,or as appropriate,
The time statedin Table 4l.l fbr a TN system is applicableto an IT systemwith a distributedor non-distributed
neutralconductoror midpoint conductor.
(ii) Where the exposed-conductive-partsare eafihedin groupsor individually, the fbllowing condition applies:
Rn'lr<50V
where:
Re is the sum of the resistancesof the earth electrodeand the protectiveconductorconnectingit to the
exposed-conductive-par1s (in ohms)'
la is the current in amperescausing automaticoperationof the protectivedevicewithin the time
specifiedfor a TT system in Table 41.l of Regulation41 1 3 '2'2
411.7 Functional Extra'Low Voltage (FELV)
4 1 1 . 7. 1 General
Where.for functionalreasons,a nominalvoltagenot exceeding50 V a.c.or 120 V d.c. is usedbut all the requirements
the supplementary
of Section414 relatingto SELV or to PELV arenot fulfilled, andwhere SELV or PELV is not necessary,
provisionsdescribedin Regulations 411.1.2 and 41 L7.3 shallbe applied to basic
ensure protection
and fault protection'
This combinationof provisionsis known as FELV.

NOTE: Suchconditions may,for example, wherethecircuitcontainsequiprnent
be encountered (suchastransformers,relays,
switches.
remote-control whichis
contactors) insulated
insufficiently with to
respect at
circuits voltage.
higher
411.7.2 Requirements for basic protection

to the norninalvoltageof the primary circuit
(i) basicinsulationaccordingto Regulation416.1 corresponding
ofthe source.or
(ii) barriersor enclosures with Regulation416.2,
in accordance
411.7.3 Requirements for fault protection
The exposed-conductive-pafts of the equipmentof the FELV circuit shall be connectedto the protectiveconductor
of the primary circuit of the source, provided ,that the primary circuit is subject to protection by automatic
disconnectionof supplyin accordance with Regulations 4l I .3 to 41 1'6.
411.7.4 Sources
The sourceof the FELV systemshall either be a transformerwith at least simple separationbetweenwindings or
shallcomply with Regulation414.3.
If an extra-low voltage system is supplied from a higher voltage systemby equipmentwhich does not provide at
least simple separationbetween that system and the extra-low voltage system, such as an autotransformer,a
potentiometeror a semiconductordevice, the output circuit is not part of a FELV systemand is deemedto be an
extensionofthe inputcircuitand shallbe protectedby the protectivemeasureappliedto the input circuit.
NOTE: Thisdoesnotpreclude connectinga conductorof theFELV circuitto theprotective of theprimarycircuit.
conductor
52
411.7.5 Plugs, socket-outlets, LSCs, DCLs and cable couplers
Every plug, socket-outlet,
couplerin a FELV systemshall have a protectiveconductorcontactand shall not be dimensionallycompatiblewith
thoseusedfor any other systemin use in the samepremlses.
411.8 Reduced low voltage systems
411.8.1 General
411.8.1.1 Where, for functional reasons,the use of extra-low voltage is impracticableand there is no
requirementfor the use of SELV or PELV, a reducedlow voltagesystemmay be used,for which the provisions
describedin Regulations4l 1.8.2to 4l L8.5 shallbe madeto ensurebasicprotectionand fault protection.
411.8.'1.2 The nominal voltageof the reducedlow voltagecircuitsshall not exceedll0 V a.c. rms between
hnes(three-phase63.5 V to earlhedneutral,single-phase55 V to earthedmidpoint).
41'1.8.2 Requirements for basic protection

(i) basic insulationaccordingto Regulation416.1 correspondingto the maximum nominal voltage of the
reducedlow voltagesystemgiven in Regulation4l I .8.1.2. or
(ii) barriersor enclosures
in accordance
with Regulation416.2.
4'11.8.3 Requirements for fault protection
Fault protection by automatic disconnectionof supply shall be provided by means of an overcurrentprotective

device in each line conductoror by an RCD, and all exposed-conductive-parts of the reducedlow voltage system
shall be connectedto Earlh. The earth fault loop impedanceat every point of utilisation, including socket-outlets.
shallbe suchthat the disconnectiontime doesnot exceed5 s.
Where a circuit-breakeris used,the maximum value of earth fault loop impedance(Zs) shall be determinedby the
tbrnrulain Regulation411.4.5.Alternatively,the valuesspecifiedin Table41.6 may be usedinsteadof calculation
lbr the nominal voltages(Uo) and the types and ratingsof overcurrentdevice listed therein.
Where a fuse is used,the maximum valuesof earthfault loop impedance(Zs) correspondingto a disconnectiontime
of 5 s arestatedin Table41.6 lor nominalvoltages(Uo)of 55 V and 63.5 V.
For types and rated cunents of fuses other than those mentionedin Table 41.6, referenceshould be made to the
appropriateBritish Standardto determinethe value of Ia for compliancewith Regulation41 1.4.5,accordingto the
appropriatevalue of the norninalvoltage(Ue).
Where fault protectionis provided by an RCD, the product of the rated residualoperatingcuffent (hn) in amperes
andthe earlhfault loop impedancein ohmsshallnot exceed50.
53
T A B L E4 1 . 6
Maximumearthfault loop impedance(Zs)for 5 s disconnectiontime
and Uoof 55 V (single-phase) and 63.5V (three-phase)
- see u f a t i o n s 4 1 1 . 8 . 1 . 2a n d 4 1 1 . 8 . 3
Circuit-breakersto BS EN 60898and the

General purpose(gG)
overcurrcntcharacteristicsof RCBOs to BS EN 61009-l
fusesto BS 88-2.2 and
l'vnc
BS 88-6
B C t)
Uo 55 63.5 55 63.5 55 63.5 55 63.5

(\'olts)
Rating Z3 oh m s
amperes
6 1.83 2.t2 0.92 0.17 0.53 3.20 3.'70
l0 l.l0 1.21 0.55 0.2u 0.32 t.77 2.05
t6
20
IJ
32
0.69
0.s5
0.44
0.34
0.79
0.64
0.51
0.40
0.3'l
0.2{J
0.22
0.11
ilil
02010 . 0 9
0 .l 8
0.14
0 . 1I
0.20
0.16
0.13
0 .r 0
1.00
0.69
0.55
0.14
l.l5
0.80
0.63
0.51
40 0.28 0.32 0.14 0.07 0.08 0.32 0.37

50 0.22 0.25 0 . 1I 0.06 0.06 0.25 0.29
63
80
r00
125
In
0.17
0 .l 4
0 . 1I
0.09
l l
I"
0.20
0 .r 6
0 .l 3
0 .I 0
12.1
In
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.04
5.5
ln
iltl
6.4
In
0.0,1
0.04
0.03
0.02
2.8
In
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
-) -L
I"
0.20
0 .l , t
0.10
0.08
0.23
0.16
0.12
0.09
NOTE: The circr.ritloop impedances given in the tableslrouldnot be erceededwhcn the conducbrsareat tlreirnormaloperatingtemperalure.
lf thc conductors tempcrature
are at a dif'l'erent when tested,the readingshouldbe adjustedaccordingly.SeeAppendix 14.
411.8.4 Sources
411.8.4.1 The sourceol'supplyto a reducedlow voltagecircuitshallbe one of the fbllowing:

( i ) A d o u b l e - w o u nids o l a t i n gt r a n s f b r m ecro m p l y i n gw i t h B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - la n d B S E N 6 1 5 5 8 - 2 - 2 3
(ii) A nrotor--qeneratorhavingr'vindingsprovidingisolationequivalentto that providedby the windingsof an
isolatingtransfilrmer
(iii) of'othersupplies.e.g.an enginedrivengenerator.
A sourceindependcnt
41'1.8.4.2 The neutral(star)point of the secor.rdary transfbnnersand generators,

windingsof three-phase or the
midpointof the secondarywindingsof single-phase and generators,
transfbrmers to Ear1h.
shallbe connected
411.8.5 Requirements for circuits

Every plug. socket-outlet.
couplero1-a reducedlow voltagesystenlshall have a protectiveconductorcontactand shall not be dimensionally
in the sarrcpremises.
compatiblewith thoseuscdlbr any othersystemin r-rse
412 P R O T E C T I V EM E A S U R E : D O U B L E O R R E I N F O R C E DI N S U L A T I O N
412.1 General
412.1.1 Doubleor reinfbrcedinsulationis a protectivemeasurein which:

(i) basicprotectionis providedby basicinsulationandtault protectionis providedby supplementary
insulation,or
(ii) basicand f'aultprotcctionareprovidedby rcinlbrcedinsulationbetweenlive partsand accessible
parts.
NOTE: Thisprotcctivc
mcasure to prevent
is intcndcd theappcarancc
ol'adangerous
voltage pansofelectrical
on theaccessible
equipr-nent
through in
a fault thebasic insulation.
412.1.2 The protectivemeasureof double or reinfbrcedinsulationis applicablein all situations.unless
rritations aregiven in the corresponding
sectionof Part7.
412'1'3 Where this protectivemeasureis to be used as the sole protectivemeasure(i.e. where a whole
:lstallationor circuit is intendedto consistentirelyolequipmentwith doLrbleinsulatior.ror reinfbrcedinsulation),it
.:lall be verifiedthat the installationor circuitconcernedwill be undereff'ectivesupervisionin norrnaluseso that no
-:langeis made that would impair the eflectiveness of the protectivemeasure.This protectivemeasureshall not
::.erefbrebe appliedto any circuit that includesa socket-outlet. lunrinairesupportingcoupler(LSC). devicc fbr
- rltnectinga lurr.rinaire (DCL) or cable coupler, or where a user may change items o1 eqr-ripment without
.,.lthorization.
412.2.'l Electrical equipment
'\ hc-rcthe protectiverleasureof doubleor reinforcedinsulationis usedfor the colrplete irrstallation

or parl of tlre
":tallation,electricalequipmentshallcomply with one of the following:
ti) Regulation
4 1 2 . 2 ..11. o r
r r i t R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 ..12 a n d4 1 2 . 2 . 2o. r
r j i i ) R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 . 1 . a
3 n d4 1 2 . 2 . 2 .
412.2.1.1 Electricalequipmentshallbe of the following types,type-testedand rrrarkedto the relevantstandards:

(i) E,lectrical
equipmenthavingdoubleor reinforcedinsulation(ClassII equipment)
(ii) Electricalequipmentdeclaredin the relevantproductstarrdard
as equivalentto ClassII. suchas assemblies
of electricalequipmenthavingtotal insulation(seeBS EN 60439-I ).
NOTE: Thisequipment
is identifietl
by thesyrnbol n.f.. to BS EN 60417:ClassII equipment.
[l
412.2.'1.2 Electricalequipmenthavingbasicinsulationonly shalllravesupplementary insulationappliedin the
:rrLrcess of erectingthe electricalinstallation,providing a degreeof safety equivalentto electricalequipment
. . ; c t r r d i ntgo R e g u l a t i o n4 1 2 . 2 . 1 .aI n dc o n r p l y i n g
w i t h R e g u l a t i o n4s1 2 . 2 . 2 .t1o 4 1 2 . 2 . 2 . 3 .
X^x
N O T E : T h e s y n r h ko *l i s h o u l c l b e f i r e d i n a v i s i b l e p o s i t i o n o n t h e e x t e r i o r a n c l i n t e r i o r o f t h e e n c l o s u r e . R e f e r t o B s h . N 6 0 4 l T
Protective carth(ground).
1. 412.2.1.3 E,lectricalequipmenthaving uninsulatedlive parts shall have reinfbrcedinsulationappliedin the

:rrocessof erectingthe electricalinstallation,providing a degreeof saf'etyequivalcntto electricalequiprncnt
,rccordingto Regulation412.2.1.1and complyingwith Regulatior.rs 412.2.2.2and 412.2.2.3.such insr-rlation
being
'ecognisedonly where_constructionalfeaturespreventthe applicationof doubleinsulation.
rx
NOTE: T h e s y n r b ollX l s h o u l d b e f l x e d i n a v i s i b l e p o s i t i o n o n t h e e x t e r i o r a n d i r . r t e r i o r o f t h c c n c l o s u r e . R e f b r t o B s E N 6 0 4 l T :
Protectiveeafth (ground).
412.2.2 Enclosures
412.2.2.1 The electricalequipmentbeingreadyfor operation,all conductivepartsseparated from live parlsby

basicinsulationonly shallbe containedin an insulatingenclosureaffordingat leastthe degreeof protectionIPXXB
or IP2X.
412.2.2.2 The following requirements

apply as specified:
(i) The insulatingenclosr.rre
shallnot be traversedby conductivepaftslikely to transmita potential,and
(ii) the insulatingenclosureshallnot containany screwsor otherfixing meanswhich might needto be removed.
or are likely to be removedduring installationand rnaintenance
and whosereplacenrentby metallicscre\\,s
or otherfixing nreanscould impairthe enclosure'sinsulation.
\\iherethe insulatingenclosuremust be traversedby n.rechanical

joints or connections
(e.g.for operatinghandlesof
built-in equipment)"theseshouldbe arrangedin such a way that protectionagainstshock in caseof a fault is not
impaired.
412.2.2.3 WlTerea lid or door in an insulatingenclosurecan be openedwithout the use of a tool or key. all
conductiveparlswhich are accessibleif the lid or door is open shall be behindan insulatingbarrier(providinga
degreeof protectionnot lessthan IPXXB or IP2X) preventingpersonsfiom coming unintentionallyinto contact
ri,iththoseconductiveparts.This insulatingbarriershallbe rerrovableonly by the usc of a tool or key.
55
4'12.2.2.4 No conductivepart enclosedin the insulatingenclosureshallbe connectedto a protectiveconductor.
However,provisionmay be madefor connectingprotectiveconductorswhich necessarily run throughthe enclosure
in orderto serveotheritemsof electricalequipment whose supplycircuit also runs through the enclosure.Insidethe
enclosure,any such conductorsand their terminalsshall be insulatedas though they u'ere live parts. and their
terminalsshallbe markedas protective conductor(PE) terminals.
No exposed-conductive-part or intermediateparl shall be connectedto any protective conductor unless specific

fbr the equipmentconcerned.
provisionfor this is madein the specification
412.2.2.5 The enclosureshall not adverselyaffect the operationof the equipmentprotectedin this way.
412.2.3 Installation
412.2.3.1 The installationof equiprnentmentionedin Regulation412.2.1(fixing, connectionof conductors,

etc.) shall be effected in such a way as not to impair the protection afforded in compliancewith the equipment
specification.
412.2.3.2 Except where Regulation 412.1.3 applies. a circuit supplying one or more items of Class II
equipment shall have a circuit protective conductor run to and terminated at each point in wiring and at each
accessory.
NOTE: Thisrequirement of thepossible
to takeaccount
is intended replacement by ClassI equipment.
by theuserof ClassII equipment
412.2.4 Wiringsystems
412.2.4.1 with Chapter52 areconsideredto meetthe requirements
Wiring systemsinstalledin accordance of
Regulation412.2 if:
(i) the ratedvoltageof the cable(s)is not lessthan the nominalvoltageof the systemand at least300/500V,
and
protectionof the basicinsulationis providedby one or more of the following:
(ii) adequaternechanical
(a) The non-metallicsheathof the cable
(b) Non-rnetallic trunking or ducting complying with the BS EN 50085 seriesof standards,or non-
metallicconduitcomplyingwith the BS EN 6 I 3 86 seriesof standards.
NOTE 1: Clableproductstandards thatthe insulationof
do not specifyimpulsewithstandcapability.However.it is considered
thecablingsystemis at leastequivalent in BSEN 6 I 140for reinfbrced
to therequirement insulation.
NOTE2: A wiringsystern by thesymbol
shouldnotbe identifled o, by thesymbolH . ,*.t r.to BS6217.)
E
4'13 PROTECTIVE MEASURE: ELECTRICAL SEPARATION
413.1 General
413.'1.1 is a protectivemeasurein which:

Electricalseparation
(i) basicprotectionis providedby basicinsulationof live partsor by barriersor enclosures
in accordance
with
Section4l6.and
(ii) fault protectionis providedby simple separationof the separatedcircuit from other circuits and from Earth.
413.1.2 Exceptas permittedby Regulation4l3.l.3, this protectivemeasureshallbe limited to the supplyo1'

one itern of current-usingequipmentsuppliedfiom one unearthedsourcewith sirnpleseparation.
NOTE: Wherethisprotective measureis used,it is particularly
important with the
of thebasicinsulation
to ensurecompliance
oroduclslandar(..
413.1 .3 Where more than one item of current-usingequipmentis supplied from an unearlhedsourcewith
of Regulation418.3shallbe met.
the requirements
sirnpleseparation,
All electricalequipmentshallbe subjectto one of the basicprotectiveprovisionsin Section416 or to the protective

m e a s u r eisn S e c t i o n4 1 2 .
413.3.1 Protection
by electricalseparation 413.3.2to 413.3.6.
shallbe ensuredby compliancewith Regulations
413.3.2 The separatedcircuit shall be supplied through a source with at least simple separation,and the
circuit shallnot exceed500 V.
voltageofthe separated
56
413.3.3 circuit shallnot be connectedat any point to anothercircuit or to Earthor
Live parlsofthe separated
to a protectiveconductor.
To ensureelectrical separation,arrangementsshall be such that basic insulation is achievedbetween circuits in

compliancewith Regulation4l 6.1.
413.3.4 Flexiblecablesandcordsshallbe visiblethroughoutany pafi of their lengthliableto mechanicaldamage.
413.3.5 For separated wiring systemsis recommended.

circuitsthe use of separate lf separatedcircuitsand
othercircuitsare in the samewiring system,multi-conductorcableswithout metallic coveringor insulatedconductors
in insulatingconduit,non-metallicductingor non-metallictrunkingshallbe used,providedthat:
(i) the ratedvoltageis not lessthan the highestnominal voltage.and
(ii) eachcircuit is protectedagainstovercurrent.
413.3.6 No exposed-conductive-part
of the separated circuit shallbe connectedeitherto the protective
ofother circuits,or to Earth.
conductoror exposed-conductive-parts
NOTE: If theexposed-conductive-par1s
of theseparatedcircuitareliableto comeintocontact,eitherintentionally
or fortuitously,
withtheexposed-conductive-partsolothercircuits.protectionagainst shockno longerdepends
electric solelyonprotection
by electrical but alsoon theprotective
separation provisions to whichthelatterexposed-conductive-partsaresubject.
414 PROTEGTIVE MEASURE: EXTRA.LOW VOLTAGE PROVIDED BY SELV OR PELV
414.1 General
414.1.1 Protection by extra-low voltage is a protective measurewhich consistsof either of two different
ertra-low voltagesystems:
( i ) S E L V ,o r
(ii) PELV.
Protectionby extra-lowvoltageprovided by SELV or PELV requires:

(i) limitationof voltagein the SELV or PELV systemto the upperlimit of voltageBand I, 50 V a.c.or 120 V
d.c.(seeIEC 60449),and
(ii) protective separationof the SELV or PELV systemfiom al1 circuits other than SELV and PELV circuits,
andbasicinsulationbetweenthe SELV or PELV systemand otherSELV or PELV systems,and
(iii) for SELV systemsonly, basicinsulationbetweenthe SELV systemand Earth.
414.1.2 The useof SELV or PELV accordingto Section414 is considered as a protectivemeasurein all situations.
NOTE: In cerlainlocations of Part7 limit the valueof theextra-lowvoltageto a valuelowerthan50 V a.c.
the requirements
o r 1 2 0V d . c .
Basicprotectionand fault protectionis deemedto be provided where:

(i) the nominalvoltagecannotexceedthe upperlimit of voltageBand I, and
(ii) the supplyis from one of the sourceslistedin Regulation414.3,and
(iii) the conditionsof Regulation414.4are fulfilled.
NOTE 1: If the systemis suppliedfrom a highervoltagesysten.r by equipmentwhich providesat leastsimpleseparation
betweenthatsystemandtheextra-lowvoltagesystembut whichdoesnot meettherequirements fbr SELV andPELV
sources in Regulation414.3,therequirements for FELV maybe applicable. seeRegulation 4l I .7.
NOTE 2: d.c.voltagesfor ELV circuitsgenerated by a semiconductor conveftor(seeBS EN 60146-2)requirean internala.c.
voltagecircuitto supplytherectifierstack.This internala.c.voltageexceeds the d.c.voltage.The intemala.c.circuit
is notto be consideredasa highervoltagecircuitwithinthemeaning of thisregulation.Between intemalcircuitsand
extemalhighervoltagecircuits.protective separationis required.
NOTE 3: In d.c. systemswith batteries.the batterychargingand floatingvoltagesexceedthe batterynominalvoltage,
depending on thetypeof battery.This doesnot requireany protective
provisions in additionto thosespecifiedin this
regulation. The chargingvoltageshouldnot exceeda maximumvalueof75 V a.c.or 150V d.c.as appropriate
according to theenvironmentalsituationasgivenin TableI ofPD 6536(lEC61201).
57
414.3 Sources for SELV and PELV
The following sourcesnraybe usedfor SELV and PELV systems:

(i) A safetyisolatingtransfbrmerin accordance
with BS EN 61558-2-6
(ii) A sourceof curent providing a degreeof saf-etyequivalentto that of the saf'etyisolatingtransformer
specifiedin (i) (e.g.motor-generator
with windingsprovidingequivalentisolation)
(iii) An electrochemical
source(e.g.a battery)or anothersourceindependent
of a highervoltagecircuit (e.g.a
generator)
diesel-driven
(iu) Certain electronicdevicescomplying with appropriatestandards"wlrere provisionshave been taken to
ensurethat, even in the caseof an internalfault, the voltageat the outgoingterminalscannotexceedthe
valuesspecifiedin Regulation4lz1.l.l. Highervoltagesat the outgoingtern.rinals are,however,permittedif
it is ensuredthat, in caseof contactwith a live pafi or in the eventof a lault betweena live parl and an
exposed-conductive-parl, the voltageat the outputterr.rinalsis immediatelyreducedto the value specified
i n R e g u l a t i o n4 1 4 . 1. 1 o r l e s s .
NOTE 1: Examples ol'suchdevices includeinsulationtestingequipment andrnonitoring devices.
NOTE2: Wherehighervoltages existat theoutgoing terminals, compliancewith thisregulation
maybe assumedif
thevoltageat theoutgoing terminalsis withinthelirnitsspecified
in Regulation414.1.1
whenmeasured
witha
voltmeter havinganinternal resistance
o1'atleast3 000ohrns.
A mobile sourcesuppliedat low voltage,e.g. a saf-etyisolatingtransfbrmeror a motor-generator,

shall be selected
and erectedin accordance
with the requirementslbr protectionby the use of doubleor reinforcedinsulation(see
S e c t i o n4 1 2 ) .
414.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits
414.4.1 SELV and PE,LVcircuitsshallhave:

(i) basicinsulationbetweenlive parlsand otherSELV or PELV circuits"and
(ii) protectiveseparationfiom live partsof circuitsnot being SELV or PELV providedby doubleor rcinforced
insulationor by basicinsulationand protectivescreeningfor the highestvoltagepresent.
SELV circuitsshallhavebasicinsulationbetweenlive partsand Earth.
The PELV circuitsand/orexposed-conductivc-parts of equipmer.rt

suppliedby the PELV circuitsmay be earthed.
NOTE 1: In particular,
protectiveseparationis nccessarybetweenthe live partso1-electricalequipment suchas relays,
contactors
andauxiliaryswitches,andanypartofa highervoltagecircuitor a FELVcircuit.
NOTE2: Theearthing of PELVcircuitsr.naybe achieved
by a connection
to E,arth protective
or to an earlhed conductorwithin
thesourceitsell-.
414.4.2 Protectiveseparationof wiring systemsof SELV or PE,LV circuits from the live parls of other
circuits.which haveat leastbasicinsulation,shallbe achievedby one of the following arrangements:
(i) SELV and PELV circuit conductorsenclosedin a non-metallicsheathor insulatingenclosurein additionto
basicinsulation
(ii) SELV and PELV circuil conductorsseparated from conductorsofcircuits at voltageshigherthan Band I by
an earthedmetallicsheathor earthedmetallicscreen
(iii) Circuit conductorsat voltageshigher than Band I may be containedin a multi-conductorcable or other
groupingofconductorsifthe SELV and PELV conductorsare insulatedfbrthe highestvoltagepresent
(iv) The wiring syslemsof othercircuitsare in ,compliance
with Regulation412.2.1.1
( v ) P h y s i c asle p a r a t i o n .
4'14.4.3 Every socket-outlet

and luminairesupportingcouplerin a SELV or PELV systemshall requirethe
use of a plug which is not dimensionallycompatiblewith those used fbr any other systemin use in the same
premises.
Plugsand socket-outlets
in a SELV systelrshallnot havea protectivecondr-rctor
contact.
414.4.4 Expose,l-conductive-parts
of a SELV circuit shall not be conncctedto Earth, or to protective
conductorsor exposed-conductive-parts
of anothercircuit.
NOTE: 11'theexposed-conductive-parts
of SELVcircuitsareliableto comeintocontact. eitherfortuitously
or intentionally,
with thecxposed-conductive-parts therequirements
of othercircuits" of theprotective
measure SE.LVhavenot been
metandprotectionagainstelectricshockno longerdepends solcll,orrprotection
by SELV.butalsoon theprotective
provisions
to whichthelattefexposed-conductive-parts
aresubjcct.
58
414.4.5 If the non-rinalvoltage exceeds25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c., or if the equipmentis immersed,basic
protectionshallbe providedfor SELV and PELV circuitsby:
(i) insr-rlation with Regulation416.I or
in accordance
(ii) baniersor enclosures with Regulation416.2.
in accordance
Basicprotectionis generallyunnecessary
in normaldry conditionsfbr:
(iii) SELV circuitswherethe nominalvoltagedoesnot exceed25 V a.c.or 60 V d.c.
(iv) PELV circuitswhere the norninalvoltagedoesnot exceed25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c. and exposed-conductive-
partsand/orthe live partsare connectedby a protectiveconductorto the main earthingten.ninal.
o
In all other cases,basic protectionis not requiredif the nominal voltageof the SELV or PELV systemdoesnot
f e r c e e d1 2 Y a . c .o r 3 0 V d . c .
n
d
415 ADDITIONAL PROTECTION
NOTE: Additionalprotection in accordance with Scction415 may be specificdwith the protective In particular,
measure.
additional protection
rray be required with theprotectiverleasureundercertainconditions influence
o1'external and
(seetl-recorresponding
in certainspeciallocations sectionof Part7).
415.1 Additional protection: Residual current devices (RCDs)
415.1.'l The useof RCDs with a ratedresidualoperatingcurrent(l1n) not exceeding30 mA and an operating
time not exceeding40 rns at a residualcurrentof 5 Ian is recognisedin a.c. systemsas additionalprotectionin the
erent offailure ofthe provisionfbr basicprotectionand/orthe provisionfor taultprotectionor carelessness
by users.
415.1.2 The use of RCDs is not recoglrisedas a sole meansof protectionand doesnot obviatethe needto
rpply one of the protectivemeasuresspecifiedin Sections411 to 414.
415.2 Additionalprotection:Supplementaryequipotentialbonding
NOTE1 Supplementary asanaddition
bondingis considered
equipotential to faultprotection.
NOTE2 Theuseo1'supplenrentarybondingdoesnotexclude theneedto disconnect thesupplyfor otherreasons,
fbr example
protection fire,thermalstresscs
against etc.
in equrpment.
NOTE 3 Supplementary a parlof theinstallation,
bondingmayinvolvctheentireinstallation. or a location.
anitemof equipment,
NOTE4 Additionalrequirementsmaybenecessaryforspeciallocations(seethecorrespondingsectionofPartT),orforothe
415.2.1 Supplernentaryequipotential bonding shall include all simultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-

conductive-parts of fixed equipmentand extralleous-conductive-parts including, where practicable,the main
rretallicreinforcementof constructionalreinfbrcedconcrete.The equipotentialbondingsystemshallbe connected
tr)the protectiveconductorsof all equipmentincludingthoseof socket-outlets.
415.2.2 of supplementary
Where doubt existsregardingthe effectiveness equipotentialbonding"it shall be
confirmed that the resistanceR between sirrultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-conductive-parts
and extraneous-
conductive-partsfulfils the following condition:
R < 50 V Iil i n a . c .s ) s t e n r s
R < 1 2 0V / l a i n d . c .s y s t e m s
where In is the operatirlgolrrent in amperesof the protectivedevice-
for RCDs,lan.
for overcument devices.the currentcausinsautotnaticoperationin 5 s.
416 P R O V I S I O N SF O R B A S I C P R O T E C T I O N
NOTE: Provisiorrs provideprotcction
for basicprotection undernornral
conditions
andareapplied
rvhere asa parlo1'
specified
thechosenorotectivemeasure.
416.1 Basic insulationof live parts

Liv'epartsshallbe cornpletelycoveredwith insulationwhich canonly be removedby destruction.
For equiprnent,
the insulationshallcornplywith the relevantstandardlbr suchelectricalequipment.
NOTE: Theinsulation to prevent
is intended with liveparts.
contacl
Paint,varnish,lacqueror sir.nilarproductsare generallynot consideredto provide adequateinsulationtbr basic

orotectionin normalserylce.
59
416.2 Barriers or enclosures
NOTE: Barriersor enclosures to preventcontactwith live parts.
areintended
416.2,1 Live parts shall be inside enclosuresor behind barriers providing at least the degreeof protection
IPXXB or lP2X except that, where larger openings occur during the replacementof parts. such as certain
lampholders or fuses, or where larger openings are necessaryto allow the proper functioning of equipment
accordingto the relevantrequirements for the equipment:
(i) suitableprecautionsshall be taken to preventpersonsor livestockfrom unintentionally
touchinglive parts,and
(ii) it shall be ensured,as far as practicable,that personswill be awarethat live partscan be touchedthrough the
openingand shouldnot be touchedintentionally,and
(iii) the opening shall be as small as is consistent with the requirement for proper functioning and for
replacementof a par1.
416.2.2 A horizontal top surfaceof a barrier or enclosurewhich is readily accessibleshall provide a degree
of protectionof at leastIPXXD or IP4X.
416.2.3 A barrier or enclosureshall be firmly securedin place and have sulficient stability and durability to
maintain the required degreeof protection and appropriateseparationfrom live parts in the known conditions of
normalservice,takingaccountofrelevantexternalinfluences.
416.2.4 Where it is necessaryto removea barrieror open an enclosureor removepartsof enclosures,

this
shallbe possibleonly:
(i) by the useofa key or tool. or
(ii) after disconnectionof the supply to live parts againstwhich the barriers or enclosuresafford protection,
restorationof the supply being possibleonly after replacementor reclosureof the barrieror enclosure,or
(iii) where an intermediatebarrier providing a degreeof protectionof at least I PXXB or IP2X preventscontact
with live parts,by the use of a key or tool to removethe intermediatebarrier.
NOTE: Thisregulation doesnotapplyto:
a c e i l i n gr o s ec o m p l y i n gw i t h B S 6 7
a c o r do p e r a t e sdw i t c hc o m p l y i n gw i t h B S 3 6 7 6
a b a y o n el ta m p h o l d ec ro m p l y i n w g i t h B S E N 6 11 8 4
a n E d i s o ns c r e wl a m p h o l d ec ro m p l y i n wg ithBSEN 60238.
416.2.5 Il behinda barrieror in an enclosure,an item of equipmentsuchas a capacitoris installedwhich may

retain a dangerouselectricalchargeafter it has beenswitchedofl', a warning label shall be provided.Small capacitors
such as thoseusedfor arc extinction and for delayingthe responseofrelays, etc shall not be considereddangerous.
NOTE: Unintentional contactis not considered
dangerousif thevoltageresultingfiom staticchargelalls below 120V d.c.in
lessthan5 s afierdisconnectionfromthepowersupply.
417 OBSTACLES AND PLACING OUT OF REACH
4'17.1 Application
The protective measuresof obstaclesand placing out of reach provide basic protection only. They are for
applicationin installations,with or without fault protection.that are controlledor supervisedby skilledpersons.
The conditionsof supervisionunder which the basic protectiveprovisionsof Section 417 may be appliedas part of
the protectivemeasurearegiven in Regulation410.3.5.
417.2 Obstacles
NOTE: Obstaclesare intendedto preventunintentional
contactwith live parts but not intentionalcontactby deliberate
circumventionof theobstacle.
417.2.1 Obstaclesshallprevent:
(i) unintentional
bodily approachto live parts,and
(ii) unintentionalcontactwith live partsduring the operationof live equipmentin normal servtce.
417.2.2 An obstaclemay be removedwithout the use of a key or tool but shall be securedso as to prevent
unintentional
removal.
60
417.3 Placingout of reach
onlyto preventunintentional
by placingout of reachis intended
NOTE: Protection contactwith live parts.
n A bare or insulatedoverheadline for distributionbetweenbuildings and structuresshall be installedto the standard

n requiredby the ElectricitySafety,Qualityand ContinuityRegulations 2002.
Lt
417.3.1 Simultaneously pafisat differentpotentialsshallnot be within arm'sreach.
accessible
.\ bare live part other than an overheadline shall not be within arm's reachor within 2.5 m of the following:
(i) An exposed-conductive-part
(ii) An extraneous-conductive-par-t
(iii) A barelive part of any othercircuit.
NOTE: Twopafisaredeemed if theyarenotmorethan2.50m apart(seeFigure417).
accessible
to be simultaneously
417.3.2 If a normallyoccupiedpositionis restrictedin the horizontaldirectionby an obstacle(e.g.handrail,

mesh screen)affording a degreeof protectionlessthan IPXXB or IP2X, arm'sreachshall extendfrom that obstacle.
ln the overheaddirection, arm's reach is 2.50 m from the surface, S. not taking into account any intermediate
obstacleprovidinga degreeof protectionlessthan IPXXB.
(e.g.toolsor ladder).
NOTE: Thevaluesof arm'sreachapplyto contactdirectlywith barehandswithoutassistance
417.3.3 In placeswhere bulky or long conductiveobjectsare normally handled,the distancesrequiredby

takingaccountof the relevantdimensionsof thoseobjects.
Regulations411.3.1 and 411.3.2shallbe increased,
Fig 417 - Arm's reach
0.75m
[>l-
S = surface expected to be occupied by persons
1 . 2 5m
limitof arm'sreach
The valuesrefer to barehands

without any assistance, e.g.
from tools or a ladder.
61
418 MEASURESFORAPPLICATIONONLYWHERETHE INSTALLATION
PROTECTIVE IS
CONTROLLEDOR UNDERTHE SUPERVISION
OF SKILLEDOR INSTRUCTED
PERSONS
NOTE: The conditionsof supervisionunderrvhichthe f-aultprotectivcprovisionsof Section418 may be appliedas part of the
protectivemeasLlrearc given in Regulation410.3.6.
Thismethodof protection for general
is notrecognised application.
NOTE: Thisprotectiverreasure
is intendcdto preventsimultaneous
contactwith partsn'hichmaybe at dil'l-erent
potcntials
o1'liveparts.
throughfailurcofthebasicinsulation
418.1.1 All electricalequipmentshall courply with one ol the provisionsfbr basic protectiondescribedin
S e c t i o n4 l 6 .
418.1.2 personswill not

shall bc arrangedso that under ordinarycircurxstances
Exposed-conductive-parts
comeinto sirrultaneous
contactwith:
(i) two exposed-conductive-parts,
or
(ii) an exposed-conductive-part
and any extraneous-conductive-part
if thesepartsare liableto be at differentpotentialsthroughfailureof the basicinsulationof a live par1.
418.1.3 locationthereshallbe no protectiveconductor.

In a non-conducting
418.1.4 Regulation418.1.2 is fulfilled if'the locationhasan insulatinglloor and walls and one or moreof tlre
following arrangements
applies:
(i) Relativespacingof exposed-conductive-par1s
and of ertraneous-conductive-pafts
as well as spacingof
if the distancebetweentwo parts is not less than 2.5 m; tlris distancenTaybe
This spacingis sr-Lfficient
reducedto 1.25m outsidethe zoneof arm'sreach.
(ii) Interpositionofeffectiveobstacles
betweenexposed-conductive-par1s
and extraneous-conductive-pafis
Suchobstaclesare sufficientlyelfectiveiltlrey extendthe distancesto be surmounted
to tlre valuesstatedin
point (i) above.They shallnot be connectedto Earthor to exposed-conductive-parts;
as lar as possiblethey
shallbe of insulatinguraterial.
(iii) Insulationor insulatingarrangelrlents
ofextraneous-conductive-parts.
The insulationshall be of sufflcientmeclranicalstrengthand be able to withstanda test voltageof at least
2 000 V. Leakagecurrentshallnot exceedI mA in nonnal conditionsof use.
418.'1.5 The resistanceof insulatingfloors and walls at every point of lreasurementunder the conditions
specifiedin Part6 shallbe not lessthan:
(i) 50 kf), wherethe nominalvoltageof the installationdoesnot exceed500 V, or
(ii) 100kO. wherethe nominalvoltageof the installationexceeds500 V.
NOTE: If at any pointthc resistance
is lessthanthe spccifiecl
value,the floorsanclwallsare deemed
to be extraneous-
conductive-par1sfor thepulposes against
ofprotection electric
shock.
418.1.6 The anangements madeshallbe penxanentand it shallnot be possibleto makethem ineffective.The

arrangements
shallalsoensureprotectionwherethe useof mobileequipr.nentis envisaged.
NOTE: 1 Attention is drawnto theriskthat,lvhereelectrical installations arenotundercff-cctive supcrvision,
furtherconductive
paftsnraybe introduced at a laterdate(e.g.mobilc CilassI equipmcnt, or cxftrncous-conductive-par1s
suchas
c a t epr i p e s )w. h i c hm a yi n v a l i d act co u r p l i a nw
m e t a l l iw c ei t hR e g u l a t i o4 n1 8 . 1 . 6 .
NOTE:2 It is essential
to ensure ot'lloorandwallscannotbeaffectecl
thatthcinsulation by humidity.
418.'1.7 Precautionsshall be taken to ensurethat extraneous-conductive-parts

cannot causea potentialto
appearexternalto the locationconcenred.
oz
418.2 Protection by earth-freelocal equipotentialbonding
This methodof protectionshallbe usedonly in specialcircumstances.
NOTE: Earth-free
localequipotential to preventtheappearance
bondingis intended ofa dangerous
touchvoltage.
418.2.1 All electricalequipmentshall comply with one of the provisionsfbr basicprotectiondescribedin

S e c t i o4
n1 6 .
418.2.2 Protective bonding conductors shall interconnectevery simultaneouslyaccessibleexposed-

conductive-part
and extraneous-conductive-part.
418.2.3 The local protectivebondingconductorsslrallneitherbe in electricalcontactwith Earthdirectly,nor

throughexposed-conductive-par1s,
nor throughextraneous-conductive-parts.
NOTE: Wherethisrequirement befirlfilled.protection
cannot by ar.rtomatic
disconnection (seeSection
of supplyis applicable 41I )
418.2.4 Precautionsshall be taken to ensurethat personsentering the equipotentiallocation cannot be

r'\posed to a dangerouspotential difference. in particr,rlar.where a conductive floor insulated frorn Earlh I S
,-onnectedto the earth-freeDrotectivebondine conductors.
418.2.5 Wherethis measureis applied,a warningnoticecomplyingwith Regulation514.13.2shall be fixed

n a prominentpositionadjacentto everypoint olaccessto the locationconcerned.
418.3 Electricalseparationfor the supply to more than one item of current-usingequipment

\\'here the measureis used to supply two or more items of equipr.nentfrom a single source,a warning notice
.ornplyingwith Regulation514.13.2shall be fixed in a prominentpositionadjacentto every point of accessto tlre
.r)cationconcemed.
NOTE: Electrical
separation circuitis intended
of an inclividual to preventshockcurrents throughcontactwith exposed-
conductive-parts
thatmaybeenergized in thebasicinsulation
by a faLrlt ofthecircuit.
418.3.1 All electricalequipmentshall comply with one of the provisionsfbr basic protectiondescribedin
\ r ' c 1 i o n4 1 6 .
418.3.2 Protectionby electricalseparationfbr the supply to more than one item of equipmentshall be ensured
rr compliancewith all the requirements tll'Section413 exceptRegulation413.1.2. and with the requiren.rents
in
L e c u l a t i o n4sl 8 . 3 . 3t o 4 l 8 . 3 . 8 .
418.3.3 shallbe takento protectthe separated

Precautions circuitlrom damageand insulationfailure.
418.3.4 The exposed-conductive-partsolthe separated circuit shallbe connectedtogetherby insr-rlated.

non-
:.rrthedprotectivebonding conductors.Such conductorsshall not be connectedto the protectiveconductoror
-'rposed-conductive-parts
ofany othercircuitor to any extraneous-conductive-parts.
N O T E : S e eN o t et o R e g r . r l a t4i o1n3 . 3 . 6 .
418.3.5 shall be providedwith a protectiveconductorcontactu'hich shall be connected

Every socket-outlet
:. the equipotential
bondingsystemprovidedin accordance with Regulation418.3.4.
418.3.6 Except where supplyirrgequipmentwith double or reinforcedinsulation.all f'lexiblecablesshall

:rnbodya protectiveconductorfbr useas a protectivebondingconductorin accordancc
u'ith Re-ur-rlation
418.3.4.
418.3.7 occur and theseare fed

It shall be ensuredthat il two f-aultsaff-ectinstwo exDosed-conductive-Darts
'r conductorsof different polarity. a protectivedevice shall disconnectthe supply in a disconnectiontime
, rrnfbrmingwith Table4l . l .
418.3.8 It is recommendedthat the product of the nominal voltage of the circuit in volts and length, in
'retres.of the wiring systemshouldnot exceed100 000 Vm. and thal the lengthof the wiring systemshouldnot
:rceed 500 m.
63

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.

301.1 A n a s s e s s r . n es n c sf t h c i n s t a l l a t i o itnr a c c o r d a n clev i t h

311 MAXIMUM DEMAND AND DIVERSITY

311.1 the uraximuurdeuand of an installationshall be asscssed.Itl

312 ARRANGEMENT OF LIVE CONDUCTORSAND TYPE OF EARTHING

3 1 2 . ' 1. 1 T h c c h a r a c t e r i s t i cnst e n t i o n e di n R c g L r l a t i o n3s1 2 . 2 . 1 a n d 3 1 2 . 3 . 1 s h a l l b e a s c c r t a i n e da r l c l

3'12.2 Number and type of live conductors

312.2.1 Thc nuurberand typc ol'live conductors(c.g. singlc-phasc two-rvirea.c..three-phasefirur-rvirea.c.)

312.3 Type of earthing arrangement

312.3.1 systemto be uscd fbr the installationshall be dctcrrnined,clueaccountbeirt,s

313.2 Supplies for safety services and standby systems

\\'lterethe provisionof satctyscrvicesis rcquired"lbr exarnple.by the authoritiesconcerncdwith fire precautions

314.1 lrvery installationshallbe divided into circuits.as ltccessary.

314.2 Separate circuitsshallbe providcdlbr partso1'theinstallationwhich needto be separatcly corrtrolled,

314.3 The numberrrf t-inalcircuitsrecluircd. of pointssupplicclby any flnal circuit.shallbe

314.4 Wherean installationcomprisesr.nore than onc llnal circuit.eachlinal circLritshallbe conncctedto a

331.1 An assessmentshallbe rnadeol'any characteristicsof equipmentlikely to haveharntfuleff-ects upon

For an externalsourceof energy the distributorshall be cor.rsulted

332.'l All flxcd installations

332.2 Considerationshall be given by the plannerand designerof the electricalinstallationto measures

351.1 The lbllowing sources for saf'etyservices are recognised:

This chapterclealsrvith plotectionagainstelectricshock as appliedlo electricalinstallations.lt is bascdon IEC

T h e t i r n c l a n t c n traull e 0 1 ' p r o t e c t i oang a i n set l e c t r i cs h o c k ,a c c o r d i n gt o B S E N 6 1 1 4 0 .i s t h a t h a z a r d o L r s - l i v c - p a r t s

Chaptcr,ll specifiescssentialrcquirentents rcgardingprotcctionagainstclectricshock.includingbasicprotcctiorl

aregiven tbr the applicationof additionalprotectionin certaincases.

410.2 Nof used

410.3 General requirements

Adclitionalprotectionis spccifieclas parl of a protectivelreasurcuttdercertainconditionsof externalinfluenceand

410.3.3 I n e a c hp a r to f a n i n s t a l l a t i oonn eo r l r o r e p r o t e c t i v ler l e a s u r essh a l lb c a p p l i e dt.a k i n ga c c o u not f t h e

The fbllou'ingprcltective mcasLlres generallyare pernlitlcd:

410.3.5 T h e p r o t e c t i v em e a s u r essp e c i f i e di n S e c t i o n4 1 7 . i . e .t h e u s eo f o b s t a c l eas n c lp l a c i n go u t o f r c a c l . t .

410.3.7 If certain conditionsof a protectivemeasurecannot be met. suppleurentary

410.3.8 applicd tcl the same installationor part of an installationor within

410.3.9 The provisionfbr f'aultprotectionmay be omittedlor thc lbllorvingequipment:

of'supplyis a protectivelreasurein u'hich:

Wherethis protectivemeasureis applied,Classll equipnrentI.nayalsclbe used.

Wherespccificd.the requirernents fbr aclditionalprotectionshallbe providedby an RtiD havingthe charactcristics

411.2 Requirements for basic protection

411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding

411.3.1.1 Protective earthing

Exposed-conductive-partsshall be connectedto a protectiveconductorunderthe specificconditior.rs

Conductorsfbr protectiveearthingshallcomply rvith Chapter-54.

A circLritprotectiveconductorshallbe run to and tcrminatedat eachpoint in wiring and at eachaccessory

411.3.1.2 Protectiveequipotential bonding

In each installationurain protectivebonding conductorscorrrplyingu,ith Chapter54 shall connectto the urain

Connectionof a lightning protectionsystelnto the protectiveequipotentialbondingshall be made in accordance

Wherean installationservesmorethanone buildingthe aboverequirementshallbe appliedto eachbuilding.

411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault

411.3.2.2 The rnaximuurdisconncction

5 0 V < U o < 1 2 0 V l 2 0 V < U o < 2 3 0 V2 3 0 V < U o < 4 0 0 V Uo>400V

TN 0.8 NOTE1 0.4 5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1

TT 0.3 N O T E1 0.2 0.4 0.07 0.2 0.04 0.1

Where, in a TT system,disconnectionis achievedby an overcurrentprotectivedevice and protective

NOTE 1: Disconncctionis not requiredltrr protcctionagainstelectricshocl<but nra1,bc rcquircdfbr otherreasons.

411.3.2.4 tirnenot cxceedingI s is permittedfbr a distributioncircuit anclltrr

411.3.2.5 For a syster.n with a nominalvoltageU0 greatcrthan 50 V a.c.or 120V d.c.,automaticdisconrrection

additionalprotectionby meansof an RCD in accordance

\n exceptionto (i) is permittedfbr:

Lach exposed-conductive-par1 ofthe installationshallbe connectcdby a protectivcconductorto the nraincarthing

NOTE: Thc PEandPENconductors

411.4.3 conductorlray scrveboth as a ploteclivcconductoranclas a neutral

NOTE: In Clreat 8(4)of theElectricity

411.4.4 The fbllowing typesof protectivedevicemay be uscdfbr fault protcction:

\n RCD shallnot be usedin a TN-C systenl.