The Hague Peace Conferences

Was convened at the initiative of the Russian Czar Nicholas II

Object was to discuss peace and disarmament
Ended by adopting a Convention on the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes
1899, First one
Conferences
1907, Second one

Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)

In 1900 and began operating in 1902

Was established
During the First Hague Peace Conference

Fact-finding
A wide range of dispute resolution procedures Conciliation
Various types of arbitration
Offers
Int'l organizations
To States and parties other
than States Private entities
Individuals
Has increasingly become involved in commercial and financial disputes

The Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)

Governed by its own Statute and Rules of Procedure

Was a permanently constituted body
Binding on parties having recourse to the Court
Its proceedings were largely public
Upon any dispute Made by he League of Nations
Was empowered to give advisory opinions
Or question
Council
Assembly
History
The international community Than any other int'l tribunal
Was more representative of had ever been before it
The major legal systems of the world
Was brought into being through, and by, the League of Nations
Was nevertheless not a part of the League
Dealt with 29 contentious cases between States
Between 1922 and 1940
Delivered 27 advisory opinions
The outbreak of war in September 1939 had serious consequences for it
In April 1946, it was formally dissolved

The International Court of Justice

Was established by the Charter of the United Nations

Began work in 1946, when it replaced the PCIJ
ICJ (judicial settlement)
1.
PCA (arbitration)

The official languages are English and French

2.
The parties choose the official languages

The Court's costs fall to the UN

3.
All costs borne by the parties

Differences PCA-ICJ The Court is already constituted

4.
The parties appoint the arbitrators

The proceedings take place in camera

5.
The proceedings are largely public

The Statute
Procedures are established in advance by
6. Rules of Court
The parties agree on procedures

ICJ IV-History.mmap - 28/01/2009 -