Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.1 Chromosomes and Chromosomal Number 1. Complete the graphic organizer given.

Score __ /__ ____

Organisms
types

________________ _
characteristic are formed through

Reproductive cells

mitosis
Have two sets of chromosomes i.e. _____________(2n)

___________
characteristic in

Reproductive organs

Have ________ _________of chromosomes i.e. haploid (___) [5 marks] 2. What is a CHROMOSOME? a. The nucleus of a cell contains ___________________ b. Each chromosome consists of a long _______________ molecule which carry genes. c. The number of chromosomes or the ____________ _______________ of a certain species is constant but varied from one species to another. d. In humans, the nucleus in the somatic cell has ________ chromosomes (23 pairs or 2n). The gametes have a _______________ number of chromosomes i.e. 23 chromosomes. [6 marks]

Name : _____________________________ CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.2 : The Cell Cycle

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

Complete the graphic organizer below:

The Cell Cycle

Growth phase 1 Synthesis of ___________ occur G1 phase Chromosomes appear as ________________

G2 phase DNA Synthesis phase Replication of ___________ occurs Duplicated chromosomes appear as ________________

T E

Growth phase 2 The cell _________ The cell is metabolically ________________

S E

[10 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.3 : Mitosis Complete the table below with suitable words. Stage of mitosis Diagram METAPHASE Explanation

Score __ /__ ____

The chromosomes ______________ and become short and thick. They consists of sister ____________ joined together at the centromere. The spindle fibres begin to form. The _____________ disappears The nuclear membrane ____________

The centromeres of all chromosomes line up on the _____________ ___________ The mitotic spindle is now fully formed The two __________ __________ are still attached to each other.

The two sister chromatids _____________ Each is pulled to the _____________ _____ by the shortening of the spindle fibres.

TELOPHASE

The two sets of chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell The chromosomes become less visible They become ________________ The spindle fibres disappear A new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes [15 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.4 : APPLICATION OF MITOSIS

Score __ /__ ____

1. The diagram below shows the sequence in the cloning process. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

WHITE RABBIT (Egg cell donor) An unfertilized ____________ is taken from ovary

BLACK & WHITE RABBIT (somatic cell donor)

Diploid nucleus is removed

Somatic cell (2n)

___________ (n) nucleus is removed using UV light

Egg cell without a _________ _______ (2n) nucleus is inserted into empty egg cell Egg cell contains diploid nucleus

Early embryo Embryo is ____________ into surrogate mother

New cloned rabbit (genetically identical with the ____________ rabbit) [7 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Tissue culture is the growth of tissues of living organisms in a suitable and sterile _______________, containing nutrients and growth hormones. [1 mark] 3. The figure below shows the in vitro tissue culture technique. Complete the flow chart below.

A small piece of tissue that is root or ____________, is taken from the carrot

The ____________ is placed onto the culture medium

Plant cells divide by _________ to form a callus

Cells in the _________ develop into embryos and later into plantlets

Plantlets are then transferred to the _______ and grow into adult plants.

[ 5 marks ]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the graphic organizer regarding the advantanges and disadvantanges of cloning below.

Cloning

Advantages

Disadvantages

Produce a ______number of genetically identical young plants in a short time.

Clones do not show any _________________ All clones have the same level of ________ towards certain diseases.

Cloned plants and animals give better and increased _________ for example, better and more fruits, milk and meat.

prevent the process of _____________ If the ___________ environment changes, then the clones will not survive

Cloning prevents endangered species from ___________

[ 7 marks ]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.5: THE IMPORTANCE OF MEIOSIS Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 1. The importance of meiosis

Score __ /__ ____

a. Meiosis is a process of nuclear division to reduce the number of ____________ in the new cells to half the number of chromosomes of the _________________ cells. b. Each gamete contains the ______________ number of chromosomes (n). c. During fertilization, two gametes will fuse together to form a ________________ zygote (2n). Thus, the diploid chromosomal number in organisms can be ____________________. [5 marks] 2. Complete the diagram below about the human life cycle. Haploid ______

Gamete formation through ____________

_______ sperm

Fusion of gamete through __________________

ovary

________ _

_______ zygote (2n = 46)

Multicellular diploid adults (2n = ________)

Development and growth through _____________

[8 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.6 : THE STAGES OF MEIOSIS For question 1, fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 3. The stages in Meiosis

Score __ /__ ____

PLANTS

Occurs in

MEIOSIS
stages

Anthers which produce ___________ In an _____________ to produce the egg cell/ovum ANIMALS

MEIOSIS I _____________ followed by Metaphase I _____________ _____________ _

MEIOSIS II

Anaphase II _____________

In the _____________ to produce sperms In the ovary to produce ________________

[10 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Meiosis - Draw the diagrams and complete the table below. Diagram Explanation

STAGES

DIAGRAM

EXPLANATION

The chromosomes begin to condense and become ________and _________ The ____________chromosomes come together to form bivalents through a process called ______________

PROPHASE I

Each homologous chromosome is made up of two sister _____________ Exchange of segments of DNA occur between non-sister chromatids in a process called ________________

The points at which segments of chromatids cross over are called ___________ At the end of this stage, the nucleolus and the nuclear ___________disappear. The two pairs of centrioles migrate to the opposite pole of the cell which then act as central points from which the ___________ ______________ appear.

___________

The chromosomes are lined up side by side as tetrads on the metaphase _________ The _________________ does not divide

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

ANAPHASE I

The _______________ chromosomes separate and are pulled away by the spindle fibres to the opposite poles of the cell. Although the cell started with 4 chromosomes, only _________ chromosomes move towards each pole.

The chromosomes arrive at the _____________

TELOPHASE I

Each daughter nucleus now has a ___________ number of chromosomes ( only one set of chromosomes/ no more homologous chromosomes )

The spindle fibres disappear.The ___________ ____________ reappears to surround each set of chromosomes, followed by the ____________ process.

CYTOKINESIS takes place

The nuclear membranes of the daughter cells disintegrate again PROPHASE II The spindle fibres reform

METAPHASE II

The chromosomes (each still made up of sister chromatids) line up at the metaphase plate Each sister chromatid is attached to the spindle fibres at the centromere.

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

ANAPHASE II

The centromeres of sister chromatids separate to form individual chromosomes The chromosomes move towards the opposite poles of the cells

TELOPHASE II

The nucleoli and nuclear membranes reform. The spindle fibres break down Cytokinesis occurs Four haploid daughter cells are formed.

[25 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.7: COMPARING MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS 1. Compare Meiosis I with Meiosis II. Meiosis I Similarities Meiosis II

Score __ /__ ____

a. During prophase, the chromosomes become condensed and ______________ b. In metaphase, the chromosomes align at the __________________________ c. The number of chromosomes in daughter cells is _____________________ Differences During prophase I, ____________ _____________ occurs. No crossing over occurs during _________

During metaphase I, ________________ chromosomes align at the metaphase plate.

During metaphase II, ________________ align at the metaphase plate

Separation of __________ ________to the opposite poles during Anaphase I.

Separation of _________ ________ to the opposite poles during Anaphase II.

Number of daughter cells produced are ______________

Number of daughter cells produced are _________

[11 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis 1. 2. 3. Similarities _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Differences Meiosis

Mitosis
Aspect Location of occurrence

Meiosis

Number of nuclear division

Synapsis of homologous chromosomes

Crossing over

Number of daughter cells produced

Chromosomal number in daughter cells

Genetic content in daughter cells

Role

[19 marks]

Name : _____________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division ___________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.8 CELL CYCLE Summary Complete the concept map below [16 marks]

CELL CYCLE
Stage

Score __ /__ ____

INTERPHASE
Stage

M phase
type in Plant cell Formation of plat cell

Meiosis
S phase Stage Prophase Stage

Animal cell Formation of ____________ ___________

Anaphase I

followed by

Telophase II

Name : _____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.9 Summary Complete the following crossword puzzle.

Score __ /__ ____

8 11

12

10

13

14

15

16

[16 marks]

Name : _____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division

Clues for the crossword puzzle. Across : 1. A membrane- bound structure within a cell which carries out a particular function. 4. A thread-like structure composed of chromatin and carries genes in a linear sequence which determines the individual characteristics of an organism. 7. The green pigment found in all photosynthetic organisms such as green plants, algae and some bacteria. 9. The process of nuclear division which results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter nuclei. 10. The stage at which the sister chromatids are pulled apart to the opposite poles of the cell during mitosis. 14. The solution that fills the vacuoles of plant cells. It contains sugars, amino acids and waste materials. 15. The process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in daughter cells to half that of the parent cell. 16. Cytoplasmic division is also known as ___________________ Down : 2. 3. 6. 8. A unit of inheritance composed of a sequence of nucleotides of DNA. A small dense round body within the nucleus of a non dividing eukaryotic cell that is the site of ribosome assembly. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Membrane-bound sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes which digest complex organic molecules.

5. The stage at which the chromosomes are arranged randomly at the metaphase plate during mitosis.

11. Gametes contain only one set of unpaired chromosomes or a ______________ number of chromosomes (n). 12. Deoxyribonucleic acid. 13. During prophase of mitosis, each pair of centrioles acts as a central point from which the _________________ fibres radiate.

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION (SUMMARY) WORKSHEET 5.10 : Cell & Mitosis Crossword Puzzle

5.10/1

Name : _____________________________
CLUES: ACROSS

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

1. One member of a chromosome doublet. 6. Dark-staining body (composed of 2 chromatids) inside a cell during M-phase. 7. Chromosome number of sterile animals such as a mule. 9. Body part with definite physiological function (made up of more than one type of tissue). 10. Shrinkage of the cell contents (within cell membrane) due to water loss. 12. Prominent intracellular plant organelle that contains mostly water. 14. World's smallest flowering plant that produces the world's smallest fruit. 17. Phase of mitosis when conjoined sister chromatids separate from each other. 18. Number of haploid sets in a hexaploid cell. 20. Diameter of field of view in millimeters when using the 4X objective. 21. Purple, grape-like bodies inside cells of a potato tuber. 22. Phase of mitosis when chromosomes become visibly shortened and thickened. 23. Organelle site of cellular respiration and ATP production. 26. Number of haploid sets of chromosomes in a decaploid cell. 28. Aggregation of the same type of cells all performing a similar function. 29. Exactly 1000 of these metric units equals one millimeter. 30. Color of dye used to stain cheek epithelial cells in the Biology lab. 31. A female chicken (domestic fowl). [The opposite of a rooster.] 32. Acronym for Palomar Community College. 35. Movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable cell membrane. 39. Phase of mitosis when chromosome doublets line up along the equatorial plate. 40. Primary molecular composition of chromatids--in addition to protein. 41. Site of synthesis of ribosomal RNA within the nucleus of a cell. 43. A haploid female reproductive cell. 44. Minute, membrane-bound structure in cytoplasm with a specific function. CLUES: DOWN 1. Found in the cytoplasm of animal cells during M-phase (typically in pairs). 2. Approximately 25 of these metric units makes one inch. 3. Stain used to test for the presence of starch molecules. 4. How many cubical grains of ordinary table salt (NaCl) equals one millimeter? 5. Number of Barr bodies inside the cheek cell of a human male. 6. Photosynthetic organelle inside plant cells. 8. Cell with two sets of chromosomes. 11. Mitosis actually refers to the division of this organelle into duplicates. 13. Region where 2 chromatids of a chromosome doublet are attached. 14. Plant cell structure composed of cellulose and lignin. 15. Radiating protein strands at poles of an animal cell during M-phase. 16. Number of sets of chromosomes in a diploid cell. 19. Phase of cell cycle when the organelles and chromosomes replicate. 20. Number of cells in field of view with 4X objective (each cell is 0.8 mm). 24. Number of Barr bodies inside cheek cell of male with Klinefelter's Syndrome. 25. Movement of water molecules into porous material causing swelling. 27. Number of haploid sets of chromosomes in a nonaploid cell. 28. Phase of plant mitosis when the cell plate forms. 29. One set of chromosomes from the mother. 32. One set of chromosomes from the father. 33. Intracellular (intravacuolar) plant structure composed of calcium oxalate. 34. Cell with only one set of chromosomes. 36. Season of the year when smallest, most dense oak wood cells are produced. 37. Season of the year when largest stem (xylem) cells of an oak are produced. 38. Protein strands that attach to the centromere region during M-phase of cell cycle. 42. Smallest subunit of a living system--containing cytoplasm and organelles.