Structure

Trachea

Complete the table to show the comparable amount

of gasses in atmospheric air and exhaled air

Function

The following structures may be

found lining your trachea. What are
they and what is their function?

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Gas

Atmosphere %

Exhaled %

Nitrogen

Bronchi

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Oxygen

Diaphragm

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Carbon Dioxide

Alveoli

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Water Vapour

Pleural
membranes
Pleural
Fluid
Internal Intercostal
Muscles

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Structure & Function

Summarise the Ventilation Process

Internal Intercostal Muscles

Rib movement
Diaphragm
What happens to volume of thorax
What happens to pressure in the lungs
Result

Diagram

Why is there more carbon dioxide in exhaled air?

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Mechanics of Breathing

External Intercostal Muscles

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Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?

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Inspiration

Why is there less oxygen in exhaled air?

Breathing & Gas Exchange

Gas Exchange

Describe an experiment to test the effect of

exercise on breathing:
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Effects of Smoking
Expiration - Under
exertion such as
exercise

Bronchitis:
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Gas Exchange in the Lungs

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Emphysema:
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Lung Cancer:
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Carbon Monoxide:
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Identify ways in which the alveoli

are adapted to maximise the
efficiency of gas exchange.

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By which process are gasses exchanged at the alveolus?

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Define this process.
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