Estados Limites Utilizaçao

--
..
Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -
1ST
Estados Limites de Deformao

Clculo de Flechas - Mtodo dos Coefi-cientesGlobais
Referncias:
[4] - CEB, Manual on Cracking and Deformations, Bulletin D'Information

nQ158-E, Construction Press, 1985.
---
Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST
Clculo de deformaes
Mtodo dos coeficientes globais [4]

A's
p-~ bd
p' = bd
~1 = 1.0
I!!CARREGAMENTO
0.010
v
3.0
./
2.0
./
./
L,.r'"
97
0.015
l/
--
.-
0.020
/'
.-
0.025
.-
.......
j..--'"
I--.
~2 = 1.0
~a.p
...
- 0.030
i-
--
lo--
0.060
t-"'
0.100
1.0
0.0
MD < Mcr
Estado I
0.200
I
1.0
I
I
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.\1
0.3
0.2
0.1
Estadon
~1 = 1.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6. O
5.0
11.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
MD< Mcr
Estado I
0.0
I MD~Mcr
ACES REPETIDAS
0.0 ~o
~2 = 0.5
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.0110
0.060
8: ~88 Mcr
1.0
I
I
- --
0.9
0.8
I MD
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.\1 0.3
0.2
0.1
~ Mcr
Estado
II
---
- - -
0.0
MD
--
98
1ST
Clculode deformaes Mtodo dos coeficientesglobais [4]

T
1[:]1
h
As
=- bd
=- Es
Kt
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
MD< Mcr
Estado 1
A's
bd
at =
7.0
==
q>
J...-- t--' .-
_0.010
--1--'-- --t,
..I -I- - I-
-.
1.0
0.9
(Le
o. 7 0.6
0.5
0.11-0.3
0.2
0.1
q>
= 2.5
1
0.010
MD
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.0110
0.060
0.100
0.200
3.0
2.0
1.0
Mcr
1.0
MD< Mcr
0.9
Estado I
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.11
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
MD
Mo > Mcr (Estado lI)
Kt
q>
3.5
..p
..-
0.010
10.0
Estado I
Ma
..p
..-
11.0
MD < Mcr
0.0
MD> Mcr (Estado lI)
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
0.0
ac
0.015
0.060
0.100
0.200
10.0
-.
kt
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.0110
let
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
11.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
11
..p
..-
(7)
1.5
1--- .- .
Ec
-t- b-+
10.0
9.0
B.O
7.0
6.0
5.0
11.0
p=-
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.0110
0.060
0.100
0.200
..
Mcr
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Mo> M cr (Estado II)
0.11
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Mo
Clculo de deformaes
rd
1
1ST
99
Mtodo dos coeficientes globais [4]
T
h
l:J
~
1
-+-b-+
a.p
11
1.o
....
~.
0.9
0.8
rr-
"
--;!:::::t""
,
'"
I"
--,
I I I I I
- c--r-I
-~~
i J
os
-,
_
-
0.5
0.4 r- I
0.0
01
- f--I
i'....
i'
I '_li
.
__
~~
0.7
0.6
0.25
- -- - - --
I I I
0.50
---
~~~
1
1
-t-r-1
1
0.75
- -
1 J l~
1.00
p'/p
---
Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado
1ST
Estados Limites de Deformao

Clculo de Curvaturas
Flecha devida Retraco
Referncias:
[4] - CEB, Manual on Cracking and Defomlations, Bulletin D'Infonnation

nQ158-E, Construction Press, 1985.
- ------------
- - -
----
Grupo de Belo Annado e Pr-Esforado -
Clculo de curvaturas
1ST
103
o $ d' / h $ 0.2
coeficiente k sI [4]
p'
A's
7.0
bd
d/h = 1.0
.
1.0I
"'0.9I
-1---
.......
,
0.7,
0.6i
....
o.a,
-r--
, ---
, ; I
" '"
"",=.\ -' p'/p
,"",=
p'/p
p'/p
""t:
0.5
0.001
p'/p
0.002
0.01
0.02
0.1
.0
- 0.25
-0.5
.1
CI.p
0.2
".1
d/h
= 0.9
d/h
=0.8
1.0
I
0.9
o.a
o
"'-"""jp'/
o.,
,.
p -o
__'s:'.. .
,',
p'/ P - 0.25
rr -
--\ p'/ p . 0.5

- ->,..
0.6
-,
0.51
0.001
I I I I II
I
0.002
!..l-
0.01
0.02
! I ! H-++r---1
0.1
0.2
a.p
ICSI
I
1.0
--
0.9
u.
.....
'-'- .....p./p-o
'- ., ,
, ., ,
-,
p'/p.O.25
, . \
'
\
0.8
. _o. __ -
_._---o. 'I
I I ,
I.
-.. \..\"-.
I
.--0.6
0.001
0.002
0.01
O.OZ
/p.n5
.- -.\.--
0.1
,.
p'/ p. 1
O.Z
a.p
--
104
coeficiente k 52 [4]
p =
\
\
\
40
,\
IJ
11
. '
i ; :8
..
30
,
,"'
20
I
I
I
,
O,
ClOOI
d/h
= 0.9
d/h
= 0.8
. I ...i
I I I
'\
'"
1"0.
I
I
= 1.0
.J!o
0P"p"'1
10
I
I
'\
d/h
I
'\
'\
I'
o ;5;;dI / h ;5;;0.2
A's
bd
p' =
lO
I
I
1ST
CI'P
0.002
0.01
0.D2
0.1
0.2
It s2
\
50
. t::i::!
.
'
\
401
'-'-----L
30
,
i
20
I
10
I
-----CI'P
O
0.001
0.002
0.01
0.02
0.1
0.2
It 12
\
\
\
70
. .
80
50
40
20
30
15
20
I
5
lO
O"'P"P""
--..:
CI'P
O
0.00 I
0.002
0.01
0.02
0.1
0.2
Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -
coeficiente
1ST
1.0
d/h
OS dI / h S 0.2
k <p1[4]
p=
p'
A's
bd
Xq>=2
1.o
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
p'/ P - o
....-~-O.~
~_.p'/p
~--
0.3
0.2
0.001
0.002
0.01
0.02
0.1
- 0.25
p' I P - 0.5
p'/p - 1
a.p
0.2
Xq>=3
4
1.0 I
,
0.9
o.e
-0.7
0.6 ,
"-
--.:;:: p'l
0.5
-o
0.4
..... p'l
0.3
p'l
'-<!' p'l
0.2
0.001
0.002
--
0.01
0.02
0.1
0.2
p - 0.25
P - 0.5
P- 1
a.p
105
Grupo de Beto Annadoe Pr-Esforado -
106
1ST
d/h = 0.9
O~ d' / h S 0.2
coeficiente k cpl [4]

p
A's
p'
= bd
Xq>=2
.
1.0
O.S
0.8
0.7
'--
t:::.
;=
'---===-'-=-=
--
+-=
,=_- -
o. .~
---"
0.001
'
PI
-+-'
--A.-'
-I-
--'
+-'
-<::j~-
0.002
0.01
-o
"""
P'/ p - 0.25
-=
O. It:::-
~~~
===--
o.
j.
0.6
.-;
.
p - 0.5
-~p'/ p-1
=~
:';p"
a.p
0.2
~
---t
O. \
0.02
X<p=3
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
-o
0.6
......
0.5
0.4
p'l p - 0.25
P - 0.5
0.3
p- 1
0.2
0.001
0.002
0.0\
0.02
O. I
0.2
a.p
108
I
0.8 ~ d I h ~ 1.0
d I I h 0.0
coeficiente k cp2[4]
p =
Id'ij ..&
A~ 1
r
1ST
A's
p' =
bd
bd
+- b-+
Xq>=2
o.
(......
I..-
_-
i!
II
!
-!
,,--;-'
I
0.3 '1-
rL-
,:
"I
"- -
0.1
I I
I I
~~
0.002
'
__
'
0.0 L
0.001
:i
11
...0'1 /'f
"
'
_
0.02
0.01
'
;T '
I
1/
'
7/
p 0.25
I"
-r .r,
--
'I,
.
-=----
- -- p.
-~----- -
"
I'
'
P I p.O.5
,"
! III ~0 I I""..
~
I
:
'I
' P p-o
'
-"I
,'T'
'
' ,..."
'
'1
>
'
T~DI ' '1 '-~
~,,'.'
I'
'"
'"
,.-
'-~
'-
,,;1.I
'
,'~
"
0.2
-:. .
-,
'
,,';'
TII I
1--'
-,
l-rl:I
-,
'
PI
O. I
0.2
a.p
Xq>=3
1
o. I
I
..l.
o.
J.
...1
J.
..l. ...1 ; !
I
.l:
-1
I
IJ
0.0
0.001
...1
0.002
l.
.1
p'l
/
:....
/ -
:::::::-:-
...!.
.1
-.lI
0.01
t::l
0.02
:t:::: ...1
,
11
..:.
.1
p.o
--
.J LI:
...L
.1. -1--+
! '.1
.1
L
0.1
-!-
.J.
.1
-+
I .
.1
.1
.1
0.2
-1
'...1
...:::: p'l p - 0.25
-,
.;..'
i
1---UL
...LL
O. I
p'l
p.0.5
p'l
p. 1
0.2
a.p
Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado
coeficiente
1ST
109
0.8 s;d/h s; 1.0

dI / h = 0.1
k q>2[4]
p =
A's
p' =
bd
=- Es
==
7.0
Ec
X<p=2
o."
p'l p.o
0.3I
/-
"/L-- __
L
0.2
..,'
"'"
i/
O.I
'
/i'/
,
,-
-- -
---
I.
p'l p . 0.25
p'l p.0.5
---I
0.0 11
0.001
-;;::;
i .1
0.002
0.01
p.1
p'l
1 I
I
O.I
0.02
0.2
..... a.p
X<P=3
t
LI~
__
.,
"
0.3
-l --I
L
,-'
,-'
0.2 .l-
_~
_ _~
0.0
C=
0.001
+_I-~
I
I I
I
II
'"
++
I
,-' lTl'!
,+
+I
0.002
I
-- I
TI'
11
"
-'
--
I"
I1
T---1-~
' , ,,,
, I
' ,
' -~
"
'
'
r1
II
0.01
"
'
,""
,,
I"
'
'---'--+-.,," i
0.02
'
1/'- ' .A y"
. I ,.'
.
i
I ~
Y'___,
-,
'Vf i
'
-;r-
;L= p/
'
'
--
'
P I p 0.25
'
, II -..;:;;
P I p.0.5
'.
,-
,, .'~:p::::j
,
,. : --=:;
,"
p.O
'
---,
-I
7"
'" , " ,!y
1I
-LJ--i-L
I II II Il
"
-~~
I:
I!
Ti
O.I
" I:111 : I
O. I
---j
I- p'/
0.2
p. 1
a.p.
110
coeficiente
1ST
0.8 S;d I h S;1.0

dI I h = 0.2
k <p2[4]
p =
A's
bd
p' =
Xq>=2
0.4..
'...l
..L
..;..
-'- :
.l
-1. , i i.l
I
...!...I I i.l
.I-
'
0.2
I
I
I
i
i
...i
'...i
..
..l..J.
1. '..
..
li!'""""'"
0.0 l
0.001
:
.
:-'- --
. i Li.
L' L t:....
'.
.
.1
J
.
0.01
1
0.02
-- -
p'/ p - 0.5
I !
-c;;_.:.
..L
.. '-1.+ :
-o
p'/ p - 0.25
p'l
--
.1
. 1-11.
0.002
p'/l
/L_
-L .1 i
-L .1 i
J.
-+
; .i : 11
!
--- =.
J.,
--.i
.J
0.1
I .l ...l...J.J
...i
.l
I
, I
: ;
.
-
; ...l I .
.J
...l
...l
;
'.....
..1
..
,
:
0.3
,
!
.1
J. 1 LU
0.1
-1
... a.p
0.2
Xq>=3
..
L.-
----=t:=t
0.3
0.2
--
I i I
__
_>--
_'--
'
H--i-
I
I
_
_
_
'
TTi"
1 1
1 1
1
'T-
I ;
'0.002
'--
"I
T
I
;'
'o
1-I
I II
0.01
-,'
I
o
_:
:
/,,<
I
o'
,:
f--------j----'
-'
-,
oi
111+
IT
I.
I 1I
:::==11
'--
0.0 L=-0.001
' I
I I
"
o
'
I
0.02
t-t-:
,-'".
o
'o
---;>"
r:7!---
,'
o -
p - 0.25
--- p'/
I I i
===
---
p'/
-:- p'/
ml-==:j
p"
. , . /
/, ! : 0_
--: !: ----:::
I
-o
----j
c.;<-- , y
T
I
-,
'
,o
n'
IT.--r-
0.1
.;
,,'
111; o-
0.4 L.-
0.1
0.2
p - 0.5
p. 1
.... a.p
Grupo
de Beto Armado
e Pr-Esforado
1ST
111
x cp= 2.5
OS di I h S 0.2
coeficiente k csl [4]

A's
p'
= bd
d I h = 1.0
"CS1
j
1.2
1.1
p'/
-o
p'/
- 0.25
p'/
- 0.5
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
-----
0.11
0.3
--
0.2
o.
0.0
0.001
0.002
0.01
0.02
0.1
p'/ p-1
a.p
0.2
d I h = 0.8
"CS1
O.Bi
p'/p
0.7
-o
. .
0.6 i
0.5 I
0.11
--
. .
p' / fJ -
0.25
0.3
0.2 I
. -....-.--
0.1
0.0
o .001
0.002
.... 0"1
---
n 02
o.
I
I
p'/fJ
- 0.5
a.p
-. p.' p - 1
112
1ST
x <p= 2.5
coeficiente k cs2 [4]
0.8$ d/h
1.0
A's
bd
p' =
d' / h = 0.0
"cs2
1. 3,L1.2
I--
1.1 ~
1.0
~-
0.9
=
-
'"'"
-- --
;:::
_""2.
p' /
p-o
-~
0.8
'0.7
0.6
p'! p 0.25
o.s
0.11
0.3
0.2
0.001
p - 0.5
=
...,
i::
0.002
0.01
-==;
==:j
'
p'/
p'!...
0.1
0.02
0.2
d' / h = 0.2
" cs2
+
1.3
::::::::;:::=
1.2
~~
1.1
1.0,
-o
--I-
-==
.
_.
--=
0.9
=~
.-
--
:~
.~
========
~
-~
::::I
~-=
-~=
--
0.5
'-=-
f--
0.11
0.001
=0.-= -f+'0.01
0.02
P ! p . 0.25
-,..=--= ............ P'! p - 0.5

-
-r=
.~
=<--
~:"C"'"-=
~.L.-+
~--<
0.002
'
---
--'-
p'/
-===
0.6,~
0.7 ,~
~
~
~
0.6 '--
.-=
-
-=-
----" p'i p. 1
-.~
>:;:::
0.1
0.2
a.p
Tipode Viga
acs
=k
L 1EcsI
30 x 15
Estado 11(Fendilhado)
I
Mcr
d/h
MD
=0.9
2Mcr
; X <p= 2.0
Vigasimplesmente
apOIada
I
I Viga bi-encastrada I
Consola
p'/p. O
1.0
0.5
I 4.0
---1
1;-n
Q
..,
c
:r
0.25
'8
lo.
o.
G
-.
o.
<
0.5
ti:!
G
E),
o
;I>
.,
o.
o
.,=
--
n
o.(')
o
'"O
..,
G.
I
Ir
'
=
-.
'
.,
o.
o
-ti)I
"'"i
..-.
......
).
. . ~ . 40
0.01
0.05
0.10
0.15
Q.p.0.20
EXEMPLE
w.
Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST
Clculo de Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Seces Rectangulares
-------
- -
- -
1ST
117
Flexo Composta com Compresso

Seces Rectangulares.
Td4d
Ms
crsl= (1 Cs
As2
13= As2/ ASl = O
Tenses em Estado Fendilhado
crc
crs2
crsl
-+- b--+
Ms
= - Cc
crs2 = (1
x=
(1=- Es
Ec
bd2
bd2
-crcX
p=-
ASl
( x - 0.1d)
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
es=-
bd
Ms
TN
h d
[jr
1-
Tr[jM
_ +b/2
11
+:N(H2)
es/d
"'p
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.15
.50
.40
0.23
0.27
0.33
0.37
0.42
0.49
0.55
0.60
0.66
0.73
0.77
0.83
0.89
0.96
1.06
0.47
0.56
0.69
0.78
0.91
1.10
1.26
1.40
1.60
1.87
2.06
2.30
2.63
3.12
3.99
0.75
0.90
1.13
1.30
1.54
1.91
2.25
2.57
3.02
3.71
1,.22
4.94
6.03
7.98
12.81
0.97
1.16
1.48
1.71
2.05
2.58
3.09
3.57
4.26
5.35
6.19
7.39
9.31
12.91
22.77
3.12
3.11,
3.16
3.18
3.21
3.21,
3.27
3.29
3.32
3.35
3.37
3.40
3.43
3.46
3.50
3.23
3.27
3.33
3.38
3.43
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.73
3.83
3.91
1,.00
10.11
4.28
1,.56
.3.36
3.43
3.53
3.60
3.70
3.85
3.98
4.10
4.25
4.47
4.63
4.84
5.14
5.62
6.62
3.46
3.55
3.68
3.77
3.90
4.10
4.27
.30
Cs
.25
.20
.15
.12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.01,
.03
.02
.01
Cc
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
.12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.01,
.03
.02
.01
1.30
1.14
1.31
1.37
1.59
1.75
2.010
2.04
2.39
2.46
2.90
3.13
3.71
4.49
3.77
4.39
5.26
5.28
6.37
6.72
8.19
9.60
7.810
9.46
11.68
15.07
12.08
17.12
21.65
31.100 40.66
3.53
3.64
3.79
3.90
4.06
4.29
4.1,9
4."3
".68
4.64
4.95
5.18
5.48
5.91
6.61,
8.25
4.94
5.31
5.58
5.95
6.48
7.38
9.40
------
1.50
3.61
3.73
3.90
10.03
4.21
1,.1,7
4.71
4.93
5.22
5.66
5.98
6.40
7.03
8.09
10.48
1.75
3.00
5.00
1.79
2.18
2.83
3.33
4.07
5.28
6.46
7.63
9.36
12.19
14.42
17.74
23.21
34.00
65.78
1.91
2.33
3.03
3.57
10.37
5.68
6.97
8.24
10.12
13.22
15.66
19.30
25.30
37.16
72.19
2.15
2.610
3.43
4.06
4.98
6.50
8.00
9.48
11.67
15.30
18.17
22.105
29.52
43.51,
85.09
3.80
3.95
10.18
4.35
4.59
4.93
5.25
5.53
5.92
6.50
6.92
1.48
8.31
9.72
12.90
3.85
4.01
4.25
1,.1,3
4.68
5.04
5.37
5.68
6.09
6.70
7.13
7.13
8.61
10.09
13.44
".12
2.00
2.50
1.48
1.61
1.80
1.96
2.32
2.53
2.72
2.97
3.31
3.62
4.26
4.68
5.71
5.18
6.09
6.72
7.102
8.22
9.59
10.66
11.29
12.58
13.81
15.43
17.93
20.11
25.99
29.30
109.51 56.25
3.68
3.81
4.00
10.15
4.35
4.61,
4.91
5.15
5.48
5.97
6.33
6.81
7.51
8.70
11.40
3.73
3.87
4.08
4.23
4.45
4.77
5.05
5.31
5.67
6.20
6.58
1.10
7.86
9.14
12.05
--
3.94
1,.39
10.58
1,.85
5.26
5.62
5.95
6.40
7.07
7.55
8.20
9.17
10.79
14.1,7
10.00
00
2.33
2.52
2.87
3.10
3.71,
10.05
10.103 10.80
5.45
5.91
7.75
7.12
9.56
8.77
10.41 11.36
12.85 110.03
16.87 18.106
20.07 21.98
24.83 27.23
32.72 35.93
48.37 53.21
910.82 1010.59
1,.01
4.20
4.48
10.69
10.98
5.101
5.80
6.15
6.63
7.34
7.85
8.S"
9.56
11.28
15.19
10.08
4.28
10.58
10.80
5.11
5.56
5.97
6.34
6.85
7.60
8.14
8.87
9.91,
11.76
15.87
118
1ST
=s2/

Seces Rectangulares - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado
T d,:j:
d
<Jsl
As2
<Jc =
<Js2
<Jsl
x=
H[:]M
_
+
11
d2 / d
Ms
Cs
Es
(l=-
bd2
Ec
bd2
x
Cc
p=-
( x - 0.1 d)
(Cc+ Cs)
=0.2.5
=0.05
Ms
- Cc
<Js2 = a
-i- b-+
h d
=a
sl
es=-
As1
bd
Ms
TN
d-+h!2
[:]1
+:N(d-)
es/d
0.75
0.85
1.00
.50
.40
0.07
0.11
0.17
0.22
0.27
0.35
0.1,2
0.1,8
0.29
0.38
0.51
0.60
0.73
0.93
1.10
1.25
1.45
1.73
1.92
2.17
2.51
3.02
3.91
0.57
0.71
0.94
1.11
1.35
1.72
2.07
2.39
2.85
3.54
1,.06
1,.78
5.88
7.84
12.69
0.78
0.95
0.98
1.19
1.28
1.56
1.52
1.85
1.86
2.27
2.39
2.94
2.90
3.58
3.38
4.20
1,.08
5.10
5.18
6.55
6.02
7.67
7.23
9.30
9.15 11.93
12.76 16.98
22.65 31.29
2.45
2.64
2.87
3.01
3.19
3.43
3.61
3.77
3.97
4.24
4.1,2
4.66
4.98
5.50
6.54
2.53
2.73
2.99
3.16
3.37
3.65
3.88
4.08
4.34
4.70
4.95
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cs .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.01,
.03
.02
.01
I'"
"C
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
.12
.10
.08
.06
.05
. aI,
.03
.02
.01
0.51,
0.63
0.68
0.75
0.82
0.91
1.03
2.27
2.41
2.57
2.66
2.76
2.88
2.97
3.03
3.10
3.18
3.22
3.27
3.33
3.39
3.46
2.35
2.51
2.70
2.82
2.96
3.13
3.25
3.35
3.48
3.63
3.73
3.84
3.99
4.19
1,.50
'
1.15
5.27
5.74
6.50
8.16
1.30
2.58
2.80
3.08
3.27
3.50
3.82
4.08
4.31
1,.61
5.04
5.33
'
5.73
6.29
7.23
9.29
1.50
1.75
2.00
1.30
1.61
2.13
2.53
3.12
4.07
5.00
5.91
7.21,
9.1,2
9.1,3 . 11.13
11.52 13.65
14.92
17.78
21.52 25.87
40.57 49.43
1.1,2
1.77
2.34
2.78
3.1,3
1,.49
5.53
6.55
8.05
10.50
12.1,3
15.28
19.97
29.19
56.17
1.13
1.1,1
. 1.85
2.20
2.70
3.52
1,.30
5.07
6.20
8.01
2.64
2.87
3.18
3.38,
3.63
3.99
4.28
4.54
4.88
5.37
5.71
6.17
6.83
7.92
10.35
2.69
2.93
3.26
3.47
3.75
I,.14
4.46
4.75
5.12
5.66
6.04
6.55
7.29
8.52
11.26
2.73
2.98
3.32
3.55
3.84
4.25
4.59
4.89
5.30
5.87
6.28
6.83
7.62
8.94
11. 90
2.50
3.00
5.00
1.60
1.73
2.00
2.15
2.64
2.81,
3.11,
3.38
3.88
I,.19
5.10
5.50
6.28
6.79
7.1,5
8.07
9.19
9.96
12.03 13. 06
11,.27 15.51
17.60 19.16
23.08 25.18
33.89 37.06
65.71 72.13
1.97
2.1,6
3.25
3.88
1,.80
6.32
7.82
9.31
11. 51
15.15
18.03
22.32
29.41
1,3.45
85.04
2.78
3.05
3.40
3.65
3.96
4.39
4.77
5.09
5.53
6.16
6.60
7.20
8.06
9.51
12.71,
2.82
2.88
3.09
3.17
3.46
3.57
3.71
3.83
4.03
1,.18
1,.1,9
1,.68
4.88
5.10
5.22
5.47
5.68'
5.97
6.34
6.69
6.81
7.20
7.43
7.88
8.35
8.88
9.87
10.55
13.28
14.28
10.00
00
2.16
2.34
2.69
2.92
3.56
3.87
1,.25
1,.62
5.27
5.74
6.95
7.58
8.61
9.39
10.25 11. 20
12.69 13.88
16.73 18.32
19.93 21.85
24.71 27.11
32.61 35.82
48.28 53.13
94.78 104.56
2.93
3.23
3.61,
3.92
4.29
4.81
5.25
5.65
6.18
6.94
7.1,8
8.20
9.26
11.03
11,.99
2.98
3.29
3.72
4.01
1,.39
1,.91,
5.41
5.82
6.38
7.18
7.75
8.51
9.63
11.49
15.67
1ST
119
Seces Rectangulares
Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

asl
As2
Td,t
+x l7f
as2
ac
b-+
Cs
= As2/ As1 = 0.5
d2 / d = 0.05
Ms
a=- Es
bd2
Ec
Ms
= - Cc
x=
bd2
x (x
Cc
p=- 0.1 d)
(Cc+ Cs)
es=-
As1
bd
Ms
TN
n[JM
_ +h!2
+
=a
as2 = a
asl
h d
f3
11
[JI
+:N(HQ)
es/d
p
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cs .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
.12
Cc
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
0.75
0.01
0.07
0.11
0.16
0.25
0.32
0.37
0.45
0.54
0.60
0.67
0.76
0.86
1.00
1.95
2.16
2.28
2.43
2.60
2.72
2.81
2.91
3.02
3.09
3.16
3.24
3.33
3.43
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
0.20
0.27
0.39
0.48
0.60
0.79
0.96
1.11
1.31
1.60
1.80
2.05
2.40
2.92
3.84
0.46
0.60
0.81
0.97
1.21
1.58
1.92
2.24
2.69
3.39
3.91
4.63
5.74
7.70
12.57
0.68
0.86
1.15
1.38
1.71
2.24
2.74
3.23
3.92
5.02
5.86
7.08
9.00
12.63
22.54
0.85
1.07
1.43
1.71
2.12
2.79
3.43
4.04
4.95
6.39
7.51
9.15
11.79
16.85
31.18
1.03
1.29
1.72
2.06
2.56
3.37
4.15
4.92
6.04
7.86
9.29
11.38
14.78
21.40
40.48
1.20
1.50
2.00
2.40
2.98
3.93
4.85
5.76
7.10
9.28
10.99
13.52
17.66
25.75
49.34
1.32
1.66
2.22
2.65
3.30
4.35
5.38
6.40
7.90
10.36
12.29
15.15
19.85
29.08
56.10
1.51
1.89
2.52
3.01
3.75
4.96
6.14
7.31
9.05
11.89
llt.14
17.47
22.97
33.79
65.65
1.63
2.04
2.72
3.26
4.06
5.36
6.65
7.93
9.82
12.93
15.39
19.04
25.07
36.97
72.07
1.88
2.35
3.13
3.75
4.68
6.19
7.69
9.18
11.38
15.02
17.91
22.20
29.30
43.36
84.99
2.07
2.26
2.59
2.82
3.45
3.76
4.13
4.51
5.14
5.62
6.82
7.45
8.48
9.27
10.12 11. 07
12.57 13.76
16.61 18.20
19.82 21.74
24.60 27.01
32.51 35.73
48.20 53.06
94.74 104.53
1.85
1.93
1.99
2.14
2.22
2.42
2.52
2.59
2.72
2.81
2.96
3.09
3.29
3.31
3.56
3.49
3.78
3.72 .4.07
4.03
4.47
4.23
4.73
4.49
5.09
4.84
5.58
5.38
6.37
8.06
6.47
2.12
2.39
2.75
2.99
3.30
3.73
4.09
4.40
4.81
5.38
5.78
6.32
7.08
8.34
11.13
2.15
2.43
2.80
3.05
3.38
3.83
4.21
4.54
4.97
5.58
6.01
6.58
7.40
8.75
11.76
2.20
2.48
2.87
3.14
3.48
3.96
4.37
4.72
5.19
5.85
6.31
6.93
7.83
9.30
12.59
2.22
2.51
2.92
3.19
3.55
4.05
4.47
4.84
5.32
6.02
6.51
7.16
8.10
9.65
13.12
2.27
2.58
3.01
3.30
3.68
4.21
4.66
5.06
5.59
6.35
6.88
7.59
8.61
10.31
14.11
2.31
2.63
3.07
3.37
3.77
4.33
4.80
5.22
5.78
6.58
7.14
7.89
8.98
10.78
14.81
2.04
2.27
2.42
2.60
2.81
2.98
3.11
3.26
3.45
3.56
3.70
3.87
4.10
4.45
2.04
2.08
2.28
2.34
2.60
2.68
2.81
2.91
3.08
3.20
3.44
3.60
3.14
3.93
4.00 .. 4.21
4.33
4.58
4.79
5.11
5.11
5.47
5.52
5.95
6.12
6.63
7.08
7.76
9.19
10.24
10.00
00
2.35
2.67
3.13
3.44
3.86
4.44
4.94
5.38
5.96
6.80
7.39
8.18
9.33
11.23
15.48
120
1ST
P=As21
As2
Td2+ -
x;t
crs2
-+-
1
-+- b-+-
hd
crs1
crs2
.;,;
H[JM
_
11
crc
=a
x=
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
Ec
As1
p=- bd
x (x - 0.1d)
crs1
Es
a=-
bd2
Ms
bd2
= - Cc
=a
d2 I d =0.05
Ms
Cs
As! = 1.0
es=-
Ms
TN
-t
d-+h!2
[JI
+:N(d-)
es/d
rt:p
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cs .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
.12
Cc .10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
0.75
0.02
0.09
0.16
0.22
0.30
0.40
0.41
0.55
0.65
0.18
0.94
1.95
2.11
2.33
2.45
2.59
2.15
2.8
2.95
3.01
3.20
3.36
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
0.09
0.35
0.56
0.74
0.92
1.09
1.22
1.41
1.54
1.79
1.98
2.18
0.14
0.46
0.72
0.94
1.16
1.38
1.54
1.77
1.93
2.25
2.49
2.73
0.24
0.31
0.42
0.59
0.75
0.90
1.10
1.38
1.58
1.84
2.20
2.14
3.10
0.64
0.79
1.01
1.35
1.68
1.99
2.44
3.13
3.64
4.31
5.48
1.45
12.34
0.99
1.20
1.51
2.01
2.50
2.98
3.66
4.16
5.59
6.81
8.14
12.31
22.32
1.27
1.53
1.93
2.57
3.19
3.80
4.69
6.13
1.25
8.89
11.53
16.61
30.99
1.57
1.89
2.37
3.15
3.92
4.68
5.80
7.61
9.04
11.13
1.85
2.23
2.79
3.72
4.63
5.53
6.86
9.04
10.75
13.28
14. 54 11.43
21.17 25.55
40.30 49.19
2.07
2.49
3.12
4.15
5.17
6.18
1.61
10.12
12.06
14.92
19.63
28.88
55.96
2.38
2.86
3.58
4.76
5.94
7.10
8.83
11.67
13.92
17.26
22.76
33.61
65.54
2.59
3.11
3.89
5.18
6.46
1.72
9.61
12.11
15.11
18.83
24.81
36.80
71.91
3.01
3.61
4.52
6.02
7.50
8.98
11.18
14.82
11.11
22.01
29..13
43.21
84.91
3.32
3.99
4.99
6.65
8.30
9.910
12.38
16.42
19.63
24.42
32.34
48.06
94.67
3.64
4.38
5.47
7.29
9.10
10.89
13.58
18.02
21.56
26.84
35.58
52.93
104.41
1.30
1.48
1.12
1.89
2.09
2.34
2.54
2.70
2.89
3.13
3.28
3.45
3.66
3.93
4.35
1.36
1.56
1.84
2.02
2.26
2.58
2.83
3.04
3.31
3.66
3.89
4.19
4.58
5.17
6.32
1.40
1.62
1.92
2.13
2.39
2.75
3.05
3.30
3.63
4.01
4.36
4.75
5.28
6.12
1.88
1.44
1.66
1.98
2.20
2.49
2.88
3.21
3.49
3.86
4.36
4.11
5.16
5.19
6.80
8.98
1.41
1.71
2.04
2.28
2.58
3.01
3.37
3.68
4.08
4.65
5.04
5.55
6.28
1.45
10.00
1.50
1.14
2.10
2.34
2.67
3.12
3.51
3.84
4.28
4.90
5.33
5.89
6.70
8.01
10.88
1.52
1..17
2.14
2.39
2.73
3.20
3.60
3.96
4.42
5.08
5.53
6.14
7.00
8.40
11.49
1.55
1.81
2.19
2.46
2.81
3.31
3.74
4.11
4.61
5.32
5.81
6.46
1.39
8.93
12.30
1.51
1.60
1.88
1.83
2.29
2. :?2
2.:0
2.58
2.86
2.96
3.38
3.51
3.82
3.98
4.40
4.21
4.13
4.96
5.41
5.76
6.31
5.98
6.67
7.06
7.65
8.12
9.26
9.88
12.81 13.77
1.63
1.91
2.33
2.63
3.03
3.60
4.10
4.54
5.12
5.96
6.55
1.33
8.46
10.33
14.45
1.65
1.95
2.38
2.69
3.10
3.69
4.21
4.67
5.28
6.16
6.78
7.60
8.19
10.15
15.10
1ST
121
=As2/

Td4d
As2
-+-
77
crs2= (l
Es
(l=Ec
Ms
= - Cc
x=
bd2
crc
x
(x
CC
(Cc+ Cs)
p=-
- 0.1 d)
es=-
As1
bd
Ms
TN
[]I
Tr[]M
_ -f;+b/2
h d
crc
crs1
-+-b-+
crs2
d2 / d = 0.10
Ms
bd2
crs1 (l Cs
ASI = 0.25
11
+:N(H)
es / d
ci.p
Cs
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
.12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cc .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.15
0.10
0.14
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.38
0.45
0.50
0.57
0.65
0.70
0.77
0.84
0.93
1.04
0.33
0.42
0.55
0.64
0.77
0.97
1.14
1.29
1.49
1.77
1.96
2.21
2.55
3.05
3.94
0.82
1.02
1.33
2.34
2.47
2.63
2.71
2.81
2.93
3.01
3.06
3.13
3.20
3.25
3.29
3.34
3.40
3.47
2.43
2.59
2.77
2.88
3.02
3.18
3.30
3.40
3.51
3.66
3.76
3.87
4.01
4.21
4.52
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
0.61
0.75
0.98
1.16
1.40
1.78
2.12
2.45
2.90
3.60
4.12
4.84
5.94
7.90
12.76
0.99
1.23
1.61
1.90
1.57:
1.91
2.32
2.45
3.00
2.96
3.64
3.44
4.27
4.14
5.17
6.62
5.25
6.09
7.74
7.30
9.38
9.23
12.01
12.84 17.07
22.74 31.38
1.17
1.45
1.90
2.25
2.76
3.58
4.37
5.14
6.27
8.09
9.51
11.61
15.01
21.61
40.67
1.34
1.66
2.18
2.59
3.18
4.14
5.07
5.98
7.32
9.50
11.21
13.74
17.88
25.97
49.52
1.47
1.82
2.39
2.84
3.50
4.56
5.60
6.62
8.12
10.58
12.51
15.37
20.07
29.29
56.27
1.65
2.05
2.70
3.20
3.95
5.17
. 6.36
7.53
9.27
12.11
14.36
17.69
23.18
33.99
65.81
1.77
2.20
2.90
3.45
4.25
5.57
6.87
8.15
10.04
13.15
15.61
19.26
25.28
37.16
72.22
2.02
2.51
3.31
3.94
4.87
6.40
7.90
9.39
11.60
15.24
18.12
22.41
29.51
43.55
85.12
2.39
2.21
2.74
2.98
3.62
3.93
4.31
4.69
5.34
5.81
7.02
7.65
8.68
9.47
10.33 11.28
12.78 13.97
16.82 18.41
20.03 21.94
24.80 27.21
32.71 35.93
48.38 53.23
94.86 104.63
2.54
2.72
2.94
3.09
3.26
3.49
3.67
3.82
4.02
4.28
4.46
4.70
5.02
5.53
6.57
2.62
2.82
3.07
3.24
3.44
3.72
3.94
4.14
4.39
4.75
4.99
5.32
5.78
6.54
8.19
2.74
2.97
3.27
3.46
3.72
4.06
4.36
4.61
4.95
5.43
5.77
6.22
6.88
7.97
10.41
2.80
3.03
3.35
3.57
3.84
4.22
4.54
4.82
5.20
5.73
6.11
6.62
7.35
8.58
11.32
2.84
3.09
3.42
3.64
3.93
4.33
4.67
2.89
3.15
3.51
3.75
4.05
4.49
4.85
2.93
3.20
3.57
3.81
4.13
4.59
4.97
5.31
5.77
6.43
6.89
7.52
8.43
9.95
13.36
3.00
3.29
3.68
3.94
4.29
4.7&
5.20
5.57
6.07
6.79
7.29
7.98
8.98
10.64
14.39
3.06
3.35
3.76
4.04
4.40
4.92
5.36
5.76
6.28
7.04
7.58
8.31
9.37
11.13
15.11
--
2.68
2.89
3.17
3.35
3.58
3.89
4.15
438
4.67
5.09
5.39
5.78
6.34
7.27
9.33
4.97
5.37
5.95
6.35
6.90
7.69
9.01
11.97
5.18
5.61
6.24
6.68
7.28
8.14
9.58
12.82
10.00
00
..
3.11
3.42
3.84
4.13
4.51
5.06
5.52
5.93
6.49
7.29
7.86
8.62
9.74
11.61
15.80
122
1ST
= As2/
-Tenses
Seces Rectangulares
T d2+
d
As2
1
+- b-+
O'c
O's2
-f:;
em Estado Fendilhado
O'sl
O's2
O'sl
= (l
Cs
= (l
x=
d2 / d 0.10
Ms
Es
(l=-
bd2
Ec
Ms
bd2
= - Cc
p=-
x ( x - 0.1d)
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
0.5
Ast =
es=-
ASI
bd
Ms
TN
hd
_
+
HGM
11
-J-:-t
d-+hfl
G1
+:N(d-)
es/d
clp
0.75
0.85
1.00
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cs .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.01,
.03
.02
.01
0.03
0.06
0.12
0.16
0.21
0.30
0.36
0.42
0.1,9
0.59
0.64
0.11
0.79
0.89
1.01
0.25
0.32
0.45
0.54
0.67
0.86
1.03
1.18
1.39
1.67
1.87
2.12
2.1,7
2.98
3.89
0.52
0.66
0.88
1.05
1.29
1.66
2.01
2.34
2.79
3.50
1,.02
1,.74
5.86
7.83
12.70
.50
.1,0
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cc .12
.10
1.88
2.04
2.24
2.37
2.50
2.67
2.78
2.86
2.04
2.25
2.53
2.70
2.91
3.19
3.1,0
3.58
3'81
1,.11
1,.31
4.56
4.91
5.41,
6.51
.08
2.96
.06
3.07
3.13
3.19
3.26
3.35
3.41,
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
1.95
2.14
2.37
2.52
2.69
2.90
3.05
3.18
3.33
3.51
3.62
3.75
3:92
1,.14
4.41
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00.
2.50
3.00
5.00
0.74
0.93
1.23
1.46
1.80
2.34 .
2.85
3.34
1,.01,
5.15
5.99
7.21
9.15
12.78
22.71
0.91
1.14
1.51
1.80
2.22
2.89
3.51,
1,.16
5.07
6.53
7.66
9.30
11.95
17.02
31.31
1.09
1.36
1.81
2.15
2.66
3.48
1.26
1.58
2.09
2.49
3.08
1.39
1.74
2.30
2.75
3.1,0
1,.47
5.51
6.53
8.04
10.51
12.45
15.32
20.03
29.27
56.29
1.58
1.97
2.61
3.11
3.86
5.08
6.27
7.1,5
9.19
12.05
11,.31
17.65
23.15
33.99
65.83
1.70
2.12
2.81
3.36
1,.17
5.1,9
6.79
8.07
9.97
13.09
15.56
19.22
25.25
31.16
12.25
1.95
2.43
3.23
3.86
4.79
6.32
7.83
9.32
11.54
15.19
18.08
22.38
29.49
43.56
85.16
2.14
2.33
2.91
2.67
3.86
'3.54
4.23
4.61
5.26
5.73
6.95
7.58
8.62
9.1,1
10.27 11.22
12.72 13.92
16.78 18.38
19.99 21.91
24.78 27.19
32.70 35.92
48.39 53.25
91,.89 101,.66
2.11
2.34
2.61,
2.84
3.08
3.1,0
3.66
3.89
4.17
4.56
4.82
5.17
5.66
6.44
8.13
2.16
2.1,0
2.73
2.91,
3.21
3.56
3.86
4.11
1,.44
1,.89
5.21
5.62
6.21
7.17
9.21
2.30
2.57
2.95
3.20
3.53
3.97
1,.35
4.68
5.11
5.72
6.15
6.71
7.53
8.89
2.31,
2.63
3.03
3.29
3.64
1,.12
4.52
1,.87
5.34
6.00
6.1,6
7.08
1.91
9.45
12.15
2.37
2.61
3.08
3.35
3.71
1,.21
4.63
5.00
5.48
6.18
6.67
1.32
8.26
9.81
13.29
2.U
2.75
3.18
3.1,7
3.85
4.39
4.84
5.24
5.77
6.53
7.06
1.77
8.80
10.50
11,.31
t.48
2.80
3.25
3.55
3.95
4.52
4.99
5.41
5.97
6.77
7.31,
8.09
9.18
10.99
15.01,
1.15
1,.04
I,. 27
1,.97
5.89
5.05
7.21,
6.18
8.01
9.1,3
9.1,1, 11.15
11. 54 13.68
11,.95 17.83
21.58 25.91,
1,0.67 1,9.51,
2.21
2.1,7
2.81
3.01,
3.33
3.73
4.05
1,.33
4.70
5.22
5.58
6.06
6.74
1.86
10.34
2.26
2.53
2.89
3.13
3.1,4
3.87
4.22
4.53
4.91,
5.51
5.91
6.1,4
7.20
8.46
11.25
11. 89
10.00
00
2.2
2.85
3.32
3.61,
1,.05
4.64
5.14
5.58
6.17
7.01
7.60
8.40
9.55
11.46
15.73
1ST
123
~ = Asz/
SecesRectangulares - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado
Td4d
tx
As2
asl
ac
ac
as2
=a
x=
(1=-Es
bd2
Ec
Ms
bd2
p=-
x
Cc
As1
(x - 0.1d)
es=-
(Cc+ Cs)
bd
Ms
TN
-J:t
H[;]M
11
Ms
Cs
= - Cc
asl
+- b-+
hd
dz / d = 0.10
as2
=a
Ast = 1.0
<FC>
d-+hfl
+:N(d.)
[;]1
es/ d
clp
.50
.1,0
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cs .12
.10
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
.50
.40
.30
.25
.20
.15
Cc
0.75
0.00
0.01,
0.09
0.16
0.23
0.29
0.37
0.1,7
0.53
0.61
0.70
0.82
0.97
.12
1.74
1.88
2.05
2.26
2.42
.10
.08
.06
.05
.01,
2.54
2.67
2.83
2.91
3.01
.03
.02
.01
3.12
3.24
3.38
1.15
0.85
1.00
0.15
0.21
0.32
0.1,0
0.52
0.70
0.86
1.01
0.1,2 0.61,
0.55
0.82
0.75
1.10
1.32
0.90
1.13
1.65
1.1,9 2.17
2.68
1.83
2.15
3.16
2.61
3.86
3.32
1,.98
3.81, 5.83
1.22
1.51
1.71
1.97
4 .57
2.32
5.69
2.86
7.69
3.79 12.60
1.40.
1.59
1.81,
2.00
2.21
2.46
2.66
2.81
3.00
3.23
3.37
3.54
3.71,
1,.00
1,.39
1.47
1.68
1.97
2.16
2.40
2.72
2.97
3.19
3.45
3.80
4.02
4.31.
1,.70
5.28
6.41
. 7. 06
9.01
12.67
22.65
1.53
1."75
2.07
2.28
2.55
2.91
3.21
3.46
3.79
4.23
4.52
4.90
5.1,3
6.26
8.01
1.30
1.50
0.82
1.03
1.39
1.66
2.07
2.73
3.38
4.00
1,.91
6.37
7.51
9.16
11.83
16.94
31.35
1.00
1.26
1.69
2.02
2.52
3.33
4.12
4.89.
6.03
7.87
9.31
11.42
11,.86
21.52
40.68
1.57
1.81
1.61
1.86
2.21
2.45
2.77
3.20
3.56
3.88
4.28
4.85
5.24
5.75
2.14
2.37
2.66
3.06
3.39
3.67
4.04
4.54
4.88
5.33
5.96
6.97
9.14
1.75
2.00.
2.50
3.00
1.63
2.01,
2.71
3.25
1,.05
5.37
6.67
1,.83
6.15
5.75
7.33
7.96
6.40
7.92
9.08
9.86
7.10
9.30 10.1,0 11.95 13.00
11.03 12.35 11,.22 15.1,8
13.58 15.23 17.58 19.16
17.76 19.97 23.10 25.22
25.90 29.24 33.98 37.16
49.57 56.33 65.89 72.31
1.18
1.1,8
1.98
2.37
295
3.90
1.65
1.91
2.28
2.53
2.86
3.33
3.72
4.06
4.50
5.12
5.55
6.11
6.1,7 6.92
7.65
8.23
10.20
11.11
1.31
1.65
2.19
2.63
3.28
1,.31,
5.38
1.67
1.94
2.32
2.59
2.93
3.1,2
3.83
4.19
1,.66
5.32
5.77
6.38
1.50
1.88
2.51
3.00
3.71,
1,.95
1.71
1.99
2.39
2.66
3.03
3.54
3.98
4.36
4.87
5.58
6.07
6.73
7.21, 7.67
8.65
9.21
11.75
12.60
1.73
2.02
2.43
2.71
3.09
5.00
1.88
2.35
3.14
3.76
1,.68
6.21
7.72
9.22
11.1,5
15.11
18.02
22.31,
29.47
1,3.58
85.22
1.78
2.08
2.51
2.81
3.21
3.78
3.62
1,.08 4.27
1,.48 4.69
5.26
5.00
6.07
5.75
6.63
6.26
6.95
7.38
8.46
7.94
9.56 10.24
14.17
13.14
10.00
2.07
2.59
3.46
4.11,
5.16
6.85
8.52
10.18
12.64
16.71
19.94
24.75
32.69
48.42
94.96
1.82
2.12
2.57
2.88
3.30
3.89
4.40
4.85
5.45
6.30
6.90
7.69
8.84
10.72
14.90
00
2.27
2.81,
3.78
1,.53
5.61,
7.49
9.32
11.11,
13.85
18.32
21.87
27.17
35.92
53.28
101,.73
1.85
2.16
2.62
2.95
3.38
4.00
4.53
5.00
5.63
6.53
7.15
7.99
9.20
11.19
15.60
_' ..'_.U._'.'
1ST
Clculo de Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Seces em T
- - - - ---
----
- - -
1ST
127
b I bw
Secesem T - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

b
crs
tx
= cx
I]
+
Es
Cs
cx=~
As1
crc= - Cc
x=
hf/d=O.l
crc
-+-
=2
P=bd
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
t~
Yo
(/,s/d
0(1'
0.75
0.85
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
Cs .0600
.0500
.01,00
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
0.17
0.22
0.25
0.30
0.33
0.36
0.41
0.104
0.107
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.58
0.61
0.65
0.56
0.76
0.88
1.07
1.20
1.38
1.63
1.79
2.01
2.30
2.49
2.73
3.03
3.45
4.08
4.79
4.81
10.82
1,.81,
4.85
1,.87
4.89
4.90
4.91
4.92
4.93
4.91,
10.95
10.97
4.98
1,.91,
5.02
5.07
5.14
5.19
5.25
5.34
5.40
5.48
5.57
5.64
5.71
5.81
5.93
6.11
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
Cc .0600
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
1.03
1.39
1.1,2
1.95
1.69
2.34
2.11
2.95
2.41
3.42
2.84
4.09
3.50
5.14
3.98
5.91,
4.65
7.10
5.67
8.92
6.43
10.33
7.1,8 12.36
9.08
15.62
11.90 21.84
18.89 39.38
1.67
2.37
2.86
3.64
4.24
5.11
6.51
7.59
9.16
11.70
13.67
16.58
21.32
30.55
57.43
1.97
2.81
3.41
4.37
5.12
6.21
7.97
9.35
11.38
11,.68
17.28
21.13
27.1,7
39.94
76.68
2.25
3.23
3.93
5.06
5.95
7.25
9.38
5.12
5.27
5.37
5.51
5.61
5.75
5.95
6.09
6.27
6.53
6.72
6.96
7.29
7.83
8.94
5.26
5.46
5.59
5.78
5.92
6.12
6.40
6.60
6.81
1.26
7.54
7.91
8.45
9.34
11.29
--
5.36
5.60
5.75
5.99
6.16
6.39
6.73
6.98
7.31
7.79
8.14
.
8.60
9.27
10.38
12.81
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
2.47
2.77
2.97
3.38
3.68
4.00
3.99
4.30
4.91
5.37
3.54
5.84
4.89
5.27
6.62
4.33
6.03
7.20
5.59
6.35
6.85
7.88
8.66
9.45
6.59
7.49
8.11
9.34 10.28
11.23
8.05
9.19
9.96
11.51 12.69
13.88
10.45
11.98 13.01 15.09 16.68
18.27
11. 04 12.34 14.18 15.1,2 17.94 19.81, 21.76
13.51
15.11, 17.1,6 19.02 22.18 21,.57 26.98
17.55
19.75
22.87 24.97 29.21 32.42 35.65
20.75
23.1,0 27.16 29.70 34.81 38.68 42.57
25.50
28.84 33.58
36.76 43.19 1,8.04 52.92
33.35
37.85
44.21 48.1,8 57.10 63.60
70.13
48.90
55.71
65.310 71.81 81,.81 91,.60 101,.1,3
94.91 108.71 128.15 141.16 167.26 186.88 206.55
5.46
5.56
5.74
5.87
5.92
6.07
6.19
6.38
6.39
6.60
6.66
6.91
7.06
7.35
1.61
7.35
7.74
8.11
8.30
8.74
8.70
9.19
9.24
9.80
10.03
10.68
11.310 12.16
14.30 15.53
5.63
5.96
6.18
6.51
6.75
7.08
7.56
7.91
8.37
9.05
9.54
10.19
11.14
12.73
16.39
----
5.72
6.09
6..33
6.70
6.96
7.32
1.81,
8.22
8.73
9.47
10.00
10.70
11.74
13.48
17.54
5.79
5.91
6.17
6.34
6.43
6.62
6.81
7.04
7.35
7.09
7.76
7.47
8.02
8.37
8.102
.80
8.95
9.38
9.73
10.23
10.29 10.83
11.03 11.65
12.12 12.84
13.96 14.86
18.28 -19.70
6.00
6.46
6.76
7.21
7.53
7.97
8.61
9.07
9.68
10.58
11.22
12.08
13.35
15.51
20.72
6.09
6.57
6.89
7.37
7.71
8.17
8.85
9.33
9.91
10.92
11.59
12.50
13.81,
16.13
21. 71
128
1ST
b I bw= 2

Seces em T - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado
!
t8
X
T
d
1
I
+ bw+
r
d
l]
as = a C s- Ms
+r
bd2
ac =
I
I
- Cc-
as
heI d = 0.2
Cc
x=
Ms
bd2
(Cc+ Cs)
ASI
bd
+ Ya
t~
es/d
o(
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.ccoo
Cs .0500
0.75
.01,00
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.31
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
1,.06
1,.07
1,.08
1,.09
. 0500
0.85
0.1,7
0.91,
0.61,
1.31
0.75
1.56
0.91
1.95
1.02
2.21,
1.17
2.61,
1.37
3.27
1.51
3.71,
1.69
1,.39
1.93
5.1,0
2.09
6.16
2.28
7.23
2.51,
8.89
2.88
11.91
3.1,0 19.69
.0800
.0600
Cc
1,.10
1,.11
1,.21
1,.27
1,.30
1,.36
1,.1,0
1,.1,5
1,.52
. 0500
1,.11
1,.56
.01,00
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
1,.12
4.13
1,.13
1,.13
I,.11,
1,.62
1,.69
4.74
1,.80
1,.87
1,.97
5.11
. 1000
1,.09
I,. 11,
4.15
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.31
1.60
1.81,
2.27
2.22
2.75
2.81
3.51
3.27
1,.11
3.92
1,.98
1,.97
6.38
5.77
7.1,7
6.91,
9.08
8.81 11.69
10.26 13.71,
12.39 16.77
15.82 21.71
22.1,1 31.30
1,0.73 58.1,2
1,.37
1,.50
1,.59
1,.50
1,.67
1,.79
1,.58
1,.78
1,.93
1,.70
1,.95
5.11,
1,.79
5.08
5.29
1,.90
5.25
5.50
5.08
5.50
5.81
5.20
5.68
6.01,
5.93
5.36
6.31,
5.60
6.29
6.80
5.77
6.56
7.13
5.99
6.91
7.58
6.31
7.1,1,
8.26
6.83
8.35
9.43
7.99 10.1,9 12.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
1.90
2.18
2.1,0
2.71
3.11,
3.1,6
3.30
3.83
1,.21,
1,.26
1,.97
5.51
5.00
5.86
6.51
6.10
7.17
7.99
7.89
9.32
10.1,2
9.29 11.02
12.35
11.36 13.55
15.21
11,.77 17.70
19.93
17.1,5 20.99
23.67
21.1,3 25.86
29.23
27.96 33.87
3!!.35
1,0.66 1,9.51 56.25
77.31, 95.31, 109.00
1,.68
1,.77
5.01,
1,.92
5.22
5.09
5.33
5.50
5.51
5.70
5.75
5.98
6.12
6.39
6.38
6.69
6.71,
7.10
7.29
7.71
7.68
8.16
8.22
8.78
9.04
9.73
10.48 11.40
13.86 15.22
1,.83
5.13
5.32
5.62
5.81,
6.11,
6.58
6.91
7.35
8.02
8.51
9.19
10.23
12.05
16.17
2.50
2.70
3.92
1,.81
6.27
7.1,3
9.15
11.98
11,.23
17.57
23.09
27.1,7
33.97
1,1,.67
65.78
128.30
1,.92
5.21,
5.1,6
5.79
6.03
6.36
6.85
7.20
7.69
8.44
8.98
9.71,
10.91
12.90
17.42
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
2.90
3.32
3.63
3.91,
1,.85
1,.22
5.32
5.79
5.20
5.97
6.56
7.16
6.79
7.83
8.62
9.1,2
8.05
9.31 10.26
11.22
9.93 11.51 12.70 13.90
13.03 15.11, 16.71, 18.35
15.1,9 18.03 19.96
21.89
19.15 22.35 21,.76 27.17
25.21 29.1,7 32.69
35.92
30.01 35.13 38.99
1,2.86
37.15 1,3.51, 1,8.37 53.21
1,8.91 57.1,5 63.91
70.39
72.19 85.09 91,.82 101,.59
11,1.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
1,.98
5.32
5.55
5.90
6.15
6.50
7.02
7.39
7.92
8.70
9.28
10.10
11.34
13.44
18.21
5.09
5.1,7
5.73
6.11
6.39
6.77
7.31,
7.76
8.31,
9.22
9.87
10.79
12.16
11,.1,7
19.69
5.17
5.58
5.85
6.26
6.56
6.96
7.58
8.02
8.65
9.59.
10.30
11.28
12.71,
15.19
20.72
5.25
5.68
5.97
6.1, 1
6.72
7.15
7.80
8.28
8.91,
9.96
10.71
11.76
13.29
15.87
21. 71
_u__
---
--------.--.--
1ST
129
b I bw = 2

Seces em T
-Tenses
tx
em Estado Fendilhado
crs
crc
=a
x=
I]
+
Es
Cs
a=E;
As1
crc= - Cc
-+-
hei d = 0.3
P=b"d
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
t-jE
Y(i
es I d
,o
0.75
0.85
1.30
1.50
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
. 1000
.0800
.0600
Cs
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.11,
0.15
0.17
0.18
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.1, 7 0.91,
1.60
1.31
0.63
1.31
1.85
2.28
0.71,
1.57
2.21,
2.78
3.57
0.90
1.97
2.85
1.01
2.27
3.32
1,.18
1,.01
1.16
2.69
5.08
1.38
3.35
5.10
6.51,
1.52
7.67
3.85
5.95
1.71
1,.56
7.17
9.34
1.97
5.65
12.02
9.14
6.48
2.15
10.65 14.10
2.37
7.65
12.84 17.12
2.65
16.31 21.98
9.46
3.06
12.70 22.77 31.40
3.70
20.108 100.73 58.102
1.90
2.71,
3.31,
1,.32
5.09
6.22
8.06
9.50
11. 62
15.06
17.72
21.65
28.08
40.66
77.31,
.3000
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
Cc .0600
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
3.65
3.66
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.68
3.69
3.69
3.70
3.70
3.71
3.71
3.71
3.72
3.72
3.79
3.85
3.89
3.91,
3.98
1,.03
4.10
1,.15
4.21
4.29
4.34
4.40
4.108
4.60
10.77
1.00
3.96
4.08
1,.16
1,.26
1,.37
1,.49
4.67
4.80
1,.98
5.24
5.42
5.67
6.03
6.63
7. 91
1.15
1.75
2.1, 1
2.19
3.17
3.1,9
3.88
1,.29
5.01,
5.59
5.95
6.61
7.30
8.12
9.51
10.60
11.21, 12.55
13.79
15.1,3
17.93
20.11
21.17
23.81
29.30
25.99
33.91
38.36
1,9.51 56.25
95.310 109.00
1,.27 1,.35
1,.08
1,.17
1,.38 1,.51 1,.63
1,.25
1,.52
1,.67
1,.81
1,.36
1,.73 4.92
5.09
1,.54
10.67 10.89
5.11
5.30
5.36
1,.81, 5.10
5.59
5.43
5.75
5.11
6.04
5.67
6.04
6.36
5.30
6.00
6.43
6.82
5.57
5.96
6.50
7.04
7.51
7.48
6.25
6.87
8.02
8.09
6.65
7.38
8.70
7.25
8.11,
8.98
9.71
8.25
9.1,0 10.1,8 11.40
13.86
15.22
10.49 12.25
2.00
------
2.50
3.00
2.72
2.92
3.95
1,.26
I,.86
5.25
6.36
6.88
7.51,
8.16
9.29 10.07
12.15 13.20
110.1,1 15.66
17.74 19.30
23.21 25.30
27.55 30.07
34.00 37.16
44.67 48.91
65.78 72.19
128.30 1101.25
1,.1,1
1,.50
1,.71
1,.83
5.05
1,.91
5.22
5.39
5.61,
5.105
5.76
5.99
6.53
6.24
6.60
6.93
7.10
7.48
8.31
7.86
8.91
8.40
9.14
9.72
10.22 10.91
12.05
12.90
16.17
17.42
1,.56
1,.91
5.11,
5.50
5.77
6.14
6.71
7.14
7.73
8.61
9.23
10.09
11.310
13.104
18.21
5.00
10.00
(X)
3.31,
3.65
3.97
1,.89
5.81,
5.36
6.01,
6.63
7.23
7.93
8.72
9.51
9.1,2 10.37 11.33
11.61, 12.83 11,.02
15.29 16.87 18.1,6
18.17 20.07 21.98
22.45 24.83 27.23
29.52 32.72 35.93
35.15 38.99 42.86
43.54 48.37 53.21
57.45 63.91 70.39
85.09 91,.82 104.59
167.27 186.88 206.55
1,.67
5.06
5.32
5.72
6.02
6.44
7.08
7.55
8.20
9.17
9.85
10.79
12.16
110.47
19.69
1,.75
5.17
5.1,5
5.88
6.20
6.65
7.34
7.85
8.54
9.56
10.29
11.28
12.74
15.19
20.72
1,.83
5.28
5.58
6.04
6.38
6.86
7.60
8.11,
8.87
9.94
10.71
11.76
13.29
15.87
21.71
--
---
130
1ST
b / bw= 4

i
!W
+
TC
d
1
O's
=a
O'c
=- Cc
O's
x=
+bw+
rM t
d
hr/ d =0.1
Ms
Cs
a=- Es
Ec
bd2
Ms
ASI
p=- bd
bd2
CC
(Cc+ Cs)
Ms
es=- N
jTN
O ;::NYQ 01
Ya
+
es/d
fJ
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1. 75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
0.47
0.55
0.68
0.78
1.18
1.42
1.79
2.06
1.73
2.10
2.67
3.11
2.17
2.61,
3.38
3.96
3.05
3.73
4.84
5.70
3.38
4.14
5.38
6.35
3.84
4.71
6.14
7.27
2.45
3.74
4.H
5.10
6.66
7.89
4.77
5.87
7.70
9.14
5.24
6.46
8.49
10.09
5.71
7.06
9.28
0.90
2.62
3.20
4.13
4.85
4.79
5.91
6.98
7.79
8.94
9.72
0.98
2.71
3.04
3.47
4.08
5.00
5.68
6.63
8.07
4.17
4.73
5.49
6.58
8.32
9.66
11.61
11,.75
5.37
6.13
7.17
8.69
11.15
13.08
15.92
20.57
6.65
7.87
7.63
9.05
8.97 10.69
1O.95 13.11
lIt.19 17. 11
16.75 20.28
20.56 25.00
26.81, 32.83
8.80
10.14
12.00
14.77
19.33
22.96
28.39
37.38
10.12
11.69
13.87
17.12
22.49
26.78
33.18
43.82
11.01
12.73
15.13
18.70
24.62
29.31,
36.40
48.11,
55.29
65.02
71. 54 81,.62 91,.47 104.32
.2000
.1200 .1600
.1000
.0800
,...
\"s
.0700
. 0600
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1 000
.0800
.0700
.0600
Cc
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
1.07
1.19
1.34
1.54
1.67
1.83
2.04
2.31
10.62
20.79
29.72
39.30
48.39
2.69
16.99
38.14
56.65
76.22
94.64
6.76
6.78
6.97
7.03
7.12
7.22
7.24
7.36
7.35
7.50
7.46
7.62
6.82
6.85
6.88
6.91
6.93
6.97
7.01
7.07
7.10
7.15
7.20
7.27
7.13
7.21
7.31
7.37
7.1,6
7.56
7.70
7.91
8.05
8.21,
8.50
8.93
7.37
7.47
7.63
7.72
7.85
8.01
8.23
8.55
8.78
9.08
9.53
10.26
7.54
7.68
7.86
7.99
8.11,
8.31,
8.61
9.01
9.30
9.68
10.21,
11.17
7.72
7.88
8.10
8.24
8.42
8.66
8.98
9.45
9.79
10.24
10.90
12.01
7.87
8.05
8.30
8.47
8.67
8.94
9.30
9.83
10.21
10.71
11.46
12.72
7.37
9.82
11.91
13.31
14.60
15.72
11.29 12.48
11. 04
13.68
12.82
14.84
17.67
21.89
28.91
34.51
1,2.89
56.83
15.55
18.01,
21. 53
26.71,
35.40
1,2.32
52.69
69.94
14.18
16.1,4
19.59
21,.31
32.15
38.1,1
1,7.78
63.38
108.54 128.07 141.11 167.25 186.88 206.55
7.65
7.84
7.72
7.93
7.86
8.09
7.96
8.20
8.05
8.32
7.99
8.18
8.45
8.63
8.85
9.14
9.53
10.10
10.50
11.05
11.85
13.22
8.14
8.36
8.66
8.85
9.09
9.1,1
9.83
10.45
10.89
11.49
12.37
13.88
8.24
1$.47
8.78
8.99
9.25
9.58
10.02
10.68
11.11,
11.77
12.70
11,.30
8.44
8.69
9.03
9.26
9.51,
9.90
10.39
11.10
11.61
12.30
13.32
15.12
8.58
8.84
9.21
9.1,5
9.75
10.13
10.64
11.1,0
11.94
12.67
13.77
15.71
8.71
9.00
9.38
9.63
9.91,
10.35
10.89
11.68
12.25
13.03
14.20
16.28
16.52
17.61
18.32
19.70
20.72
21.71
7.54
7.72.
Grupo de BelAo Armado e Pr-Esforado -
1ST
131
b I bw

b
=4
hr/d=O.2
Es
tx
(X=~
crc
-+-
As1
P =b"d
crc= - Cc
x=
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
+ Ya
t~
1 I] -
es/d
f1
Cs
0.75
0.85
1.00
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0700
.0600
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
0.34
1.06
0.40
1.28
0.50
1.62
0.57
1.88
0.65
2.21,
0.71
2.49
0.78
2.81
0.87
3.24
0.97
3.85
1.12
4.80
1.21
5.51
1.33
6.54
8.16
1.47
1.67 11.16
1.94 19.12
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0700
4.96
4.98
5.00
5.02
Cc .0600
.0500
.0400
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
. -
5.04
5.06
5.08
5.10
5.12
5.16
5.18
5.21
5.25
5.29
5.36
1.15
1.62
1.97
2.53
2.96
3.59
I, .03
1,.60
5.39
6.53
8.39
9.85
11.99
15.47
22.19
40.73
1.30
1.50
2.07
2.53
3.27
2.53
3.11
3..85
1,.69
5.29
6.08
7.16
8.76
11.39
13.1,6
16.52
21.53
31.21,
58.42
1.75
2.00
2.50
5.00
10.00
00
2.97
3.30
3.77
4.09
4.72
5.20
5.68
3.65
1,.07 1,.66 5.05
5.85
6.1,5 7.05
1,.01, 1,.77 5.33
6.11
6.61, 7.70
8.51
9.31
1,.77 5.65
6.32
1.27
1.90
9.18 10.15 11.12
5.86
6.96
7.80
8.99
9.78 11.39 12.60 13.81
6.62
7.89
8.85 10.21 11.12 12.96 11,.31,15.73
7.61, 9.12 10.24 11.83 12.90 15.01, 16.66 18.28
9.04 10.82 12.18 11,.09 15.37 17.95 19.89 21.84
11.13 13.36 15.06 17.45 19.06 22.28 24.71 27.14
11,.56 17.55 19.82 23.01 25.15 29.45 32.68 35.91
17.27 20.87 23.59 27.1,2 29.98 35.12 38.99 42.86
21.30 25.79 29.18 33.95 37.15 43.51, 1,8.37 53.21
27.89 33.85 38.35 41,.67 1,8.91 57.45 63.91 70.39
1,0.66 49.51 56.25 65.78 72.19 85.09 94.82 104.59
77.34 95.34 109.00 128.30 141.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
5.15
5.49
5.59
5.66
5.75
5.28
5.39
5.73
5.81
5.93
5.20
5.37
5.49
5.62
5.81
5.95
6.05
6.19
5.28
5.1,9 5.65
6.39
5.34
5.59
5.77
5.95
6.11
6.23
6.1,1 6.66
5.43
5.72
5.93
6.15
6.34
6.64
6.85
5.48
5.81
6.04
6.28
6.49
6.68
6.85
1.08
5.55
5.92
6.19
6.45
6.61
6.94
7.13
7.39
5.64
6.06
6.37
..
6.98
7.29
7.52
7.83
5.17
6.26
6.63
8.51
7.02
7.1,5 7.81, 8.12
5.95
6.57
8.58
9.02
1.31
7.81
8.25
6.09
6.79
9.22
9.75
7.10
7.71
8.30
8.83
6.27
9.07
9.74 10.23 10.91
6.53
7.57
8.33
9.1,5 10.48 11.40 12.05 12.90
6.98
8.41
8.04 10.49 12.25 13.86 15.22 16.17 17.42
- --
3.00
- - --- - -
5.82
6.00
6.28
6.49
6.78
6.98
7.23
7.56
8.03
8.76
9.31
10.10
5.94
6.11,
6.46
6.69
1.02
7.24
7.52
1.89
8.42
9.25
9.88
10.79
6.03
6.25
6.59
6.84
7.19
7.42
7.73
8.13
8.71
9.61
10.30
11.28
11.34 12.16 12.74
13.1,4 14.1,1 15.19
18.21 19.69 20.72
6. 12
6.35
6.71
6.98
7.35
7.61
1.93
8.37
8.99
9.97
10.71
11.76
13.29
15.87
21.71
132
b I bw = 4
hrl d = 0.3
Ms
crc
tc=7
1ST
hr
crs
d +
1
As
+bw+
-+-
Ms
r
I
ac
= a Cs bd2
Cc
crs
x = (Cc+ c.)
p-- bd
= - Cc bd'
d
d + YG
t~
1 I]- +
es/d
o(fJ
Cs
0.15
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.15
1.12
1.36
1.13
2.01
2.1,2
2.10
3.01
1.69
2.01
2.61
3.11,
3.82
1,.30
2.15
2.63
3.1,2
2.62
3.22
1,.20
3.06
3.18
1,.01,
1,.98
1,.91,
6.12
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0700
0.39
0.1,6
0.51
0.65
0.76
0.83
.0600
0.91
12.53
11,.1,1
15.66 18.11 20.07 21.98
1.02
3.56
5.78
1.57
9.1,1, 11.20
22.1,5 21,.83 21.23
19.30
9.26 11.59 13.77 15.1,2 17.71,
1.16
1,.26 1.03
20.11
25.30
29.52 32.12 35.93
1.35
9.01,
15.05
17.93
23.21
5.38
11.98
35.15 38.99 1,2.86
11,.09
23.81
27.55
30.07
10.58
11.72
21.11
1.1,8 6.22
1.65
1.1,3' 12.81 17.12 21.65 25.99 29.30 34.00 37.16 43.51, 1,8.31 53.21
1.86
9.30 16.31 21.98 28.08 33.91 38.36 44.67 1,8.91 57.1,5 63.91 70.39
2.17 12.61, 22.71 31.40 1,0.66 1,9.51 56.25 65.78 72.19 85.09 91,.82101,.59
2.66 20.48 1,0.73 58.42 71.31, 95.31, 109.00 128.30 141.25 161.21 186.88 206.55
.0500
.01,00
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
.2000
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0700
Cc .0600
.0500
.01,00
.030
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.005o
1,.15
4.17
4.20
4.22
4.25
4.26
4.29
4.32
1,.35
4.40
4.1,3
4.1,8
4.53
4.60
4.72
1,.31,
4.1,0
4.50
1,.51
4.66
1,.73
1,.81
1,.92
5.07
5.30
5.1,7
5.70
6.01,
6.63
1.91
1,.92
5.58
6.92
5.19
3.1,0 3.81
1,.19 1,.83 5.31
1.19
5.98
6.58
1,.19 1,.19 5.18
1.88
8.69
9.1,9
6.29
6.82
1,.91, 5.50
9.39 10.35 11.31
5.86
6.51, 1.1,8 8.12
1.23
8.01
9.25 10.01, 11.63 12.82 11,.02
8.19
9.11, 10.1,9 11.39 13.21 11,.57 15.93
6.1,2
7.98
9.1,6
10.57
12.11,
4.81
1,.49
4.71
4.89
4.99
1,.60
5.18
4.85
4.97
5.06
4.58
4.71
5.21
5.33
5.48
4.72
4.89
5.06
5.53
5.71
5.22
5.40
1,.83 5.02
5.82
6.03
4.98
5.21
5.1,5 5.66
5.81, 6.02
6.26
5.08
5.31, 5.60
6.54
5.80
6.01
6.27
5.21
5.51
6.07
6.38
6.61
6.93
5.38
5.73
7.1,8
6.82
7.10
6.04
6.1,5
5.62
8.31
6.52
1.04
7.51
7.86
6.00
8.02
8.1,0 8.91
6.88
7.48
6.27
8.70
9.72
1.38
8.09
9.14
6.66
9.71 10.22 10.91
8.98
7.25
8.11,
9.40 10.48 11.40 12.05 12.90
8.25
10.49 12.25 13.86 15.22 16.17 17.1,2
13.19
15.29
5.19
5.06
5.1,2
5.26
5.58
5.78
6.06
5.83
6.1,5
6.18
6.13
6.41
7.08
6.72
7.11, 7.55
1.73
8.20
9.11
8.61
9.85
9.23
10.09 10.79
11.31, 12.16
13.1,1,11,.47
18.21 19.69
16.87
5.29
5.51,
5.93
6.23
6.66
6.96
7.31,
7.85
8.54
9.56
10.29
11.28
12.71,
15.19
20.72
18.1,6
5.38
5.65
6.08
6.1,0
6.86
1.18
7.60
8.11,
8.81
9.94
10.71
11.16
13.29
15.87
21.11
-.-
..
1ST
133
b I bw = 6

b
tx
O"c
O"c
= - Cc
x=
p _ ASl
bd
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
hrl d = 0.1
+ Ya
t~
1 I]-
es/d
",.o
Cs
Cc
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
0.32
0.1,0
0.1,6
0.53
0.64
0.72
1.93
2.47
2.89
3.49
4.1,5
5.18
2.1,8
3.20
3.76
4.57
5.88
6.90
3.06
3.60
1,.01 1,.59 1,.98
3.96
1,.68 5.23
6.01
6.53
7.75
1,.67 5.51, 6.19
7.12
6.79
5.71
7.62
8.78
9.57
7.40
8.85
9.95 11.52 12.57
8.73 10.47 11.80 13.69 11,.96
9.60 11.51, 13.03
15.13
16.51,
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0600
.0500
.0450
0.76
1.22
1.56
1.81
2.16
2.70
3.10
3.35
5.65
7.56
.01,00
0.81
3.66
6.21,
8.39
10.69
.0350
0.87
1,.04
6.97
9.43
.0300
0.91,
1,.52
7.93
10.81
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
1.02
5.15
1.12
6.03
1.25
7.38
1.1,1 9.78
1.64 15.84
9.23
11.14
11,.23
20.21
37.55
12.72
15.53
20.16
29.30
56.32
16.45
20.25
26.52
39.00
76.04
.1600
.0050
7.72
7.94
8.09
7.71, 8.01
8.21
7.75
8.07
8.30
7.77
8.15
8.1,2
8.26
8.61
7.80
7.82
8.31, 8.71,
8.40
8.83
7.83
8.93
7.81, 8.46
7.85
8.53 . 9.05
7.87
8.62
9.20
8.7t, 9.1,0
7.89
7.91
8.89
9.66
7.91, 9.12 10.05
7.98
9.1,8 10.70
12.19
8.03 10.24
8.22
8.37
8.48
.0150
.0100
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01,50
.01,00
.0350
.0300
.0250
.0200
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
5.77
6.36
7.58
8.37
9.01
9.97
11.15 12.35
11,.70 16.30
17.52 19.1,5
00
6.96
9.17
10.93
13.56
17.92
21.1,0
19.1,0
21.55
23.72
12.88
11,.55
16.93
18.52
21.7t,
21,.17
26.61
12.07
14.59
16.51
19.23
21.06
21,.75
27.53
30.33
13.90
19.11 22.30 21,.1,1,

28.76 32.01 35.28
20.02 22.71, 26.58 29.16 31,.36 38.28 1,2.21
21,.71,28.16 32.99 36.23 1,2.75 1,7.66 52.59
32.57 37.17 43.65 1,7.99 56.72 63.28 69.86
48.17 55.11 64.89 71.43 81,.55 91, .1, 1 1 04 . 29
94.51,108.1,7128.01,11,1.10167.25 186.88 206.55
8.34
8.52
8.65
8.63
8.84
8.87
9.12
9.01, 9.32
9.11, 9.45
9.27
9.60
9.1,3 9.78
9.62 10.01
9.86 10.30
10.20 10.70
1 6
. 86
8.1,5
8.65
8.81
10.70
11.53
11.29
12.30
8.53
8.75
8.92
9.15
9.02
9.31, 9.50
9.57
9.75
9.71
9.90
9.89 10.09
10.09 10.31
10.35 10.59
10.68 10.95
11.13 11.1,3
11.80 12.16
12.95 13.1,1
13.1,9
11,.71
15.79
16.57
8.61,
8.89
9.08
9.33
9.71
9.98
10.16
10.36
10.60
10.91
11.30
11.83
12.63
8.71
8.85
9.15
9.36
9.1,1, 9.66
9.85 10.10
10.11, 10.1,2
10.31 10.62
10.53 10.85
10.79 11.13
11.11 11.1,9
11.52 11.91,
12.09 12.57
12.94 13.52
8.98
9.17
11,.01,
11,.1,1,
15.21
17.63
18.33
19.71
8.95
9.27
9.50
9.82
10.29
10.62
10.83
11.08
11.38
11.76
12.21,
12.92
13.91,
9.05
9.39
9.63
9.97
10.1,6
10.82
11.01,
11.30
11.62
12.01
12.53
13.25
15.78
16.33
20.72
21.71
14.31,
134
1ST
b I bw

hf/d=O.2
Es
Ms
_
r~
Gc
tc=7
a=~
as = a Cs d2b
-+-
~
+bw+
N
Ms
As
As1
P =bd"
Ms
ac= -CCb"d2
Cc
as
x= (c.+C,)
=6
VTN
lJl
d + Y(j
t~
1 I] - -+
es/d
/J
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01,50
Cs
.01,00
.0350
.0300
0.85
1.00
0.22
0.27
0.-31
0.36
0.1,3
0.1,8
0.51
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
3.01
3.57
3.91, 1,.68
1,.67 5.56
5.75
6.87
1,.1,3 5...
7.53
9.03
7.02
8.93 10.71,
5.20
5.71
7.71, 9.87 11.87
6.31, 8.63 11.03 13.29
7.15
9.76 12.51 15.10
8.20 11.26 11,.10717.1,9
9.66 13.35
17.20
20.82
5.00
00
2.00
2.50
.OO
3.99
5.25
6.21,
7.72
10.16
12.11
13.39
15.00
17.05
19.78
1,.59
6.01,
7.20
8.92
11.77
11,.03
15.51,
17.1,1
19.81
22.99
1,.99
6.57
5.79
7.65
7.81,
9.13
9.72 11.31,
12.81, 15.00
15.32 17.91
16.97 19.85
19.02 22.26
21.65 25.35
25.13 29.1,1,
32.67
3591
23.56
27.1,0
29.97
35.12
38.99
1,2.86
10.00
--
0.55
0.59
0.63
1.13
1.1,5
1.69
2.03
2.57
2.98
3.21,
3.56
3.97
1,.1,9
0.69
5.19
.0200
0.76
6.20
11.82
16.1,3
21.21,
25.76
29.17
33.95
37.11,
1,3.51,
1,8.37 53.21
.0150
O.SI,
7.81
15.33
21.1,7
27.86
33.81,
38.35
1,1,.67
1,8.91
57.1,5
63.91
.0100
0.95
10.82
22.10
31.22
1,0.66
1,9.51
56.25
65.78
72.19
85.09
91,.82 101,.59
.0050
1.10
18.88
1,0.72
58.1,2
77.31,
95.31, 109.00
128.30
.0250
Cc
075
1.85
2.39
2.81
3.1,3
2.1,2
3.15
3.72
1,.56
11,1.25 167.27
6.39
8.1,6
10.10
12.55
16.62
19.86
22.01
21,.69
28.12
7.00
9.27
11.08
13.78
18.25
21.82
21,.18
27.13
30.91
70.39
186.88 206.55
.1600
5.28
5.1,8
5.62
5.71,
5.85
5.95
6.02
6.12
6.19
6.32
6.1,1
6.51
.1200
5.29
5.51,
5.73
5.87
6.01
6.11,
6.23
6.36
6.1,1,
6.60
6.72
6.83
.1000
5.30
5.59
5.81
5.97
6.11,
6.28
6.39
6.51,
6.63
6. SI
6.95
7.08
.0800
5.31
5.66
5.92
6.12
6.31-
6.1,9
6.61
6.78
6.90
7.12
7.27
7.1,3
.0600
5.33
5.76
6.10
6.31,
6.58
6.80
6.96
7.17
7.31
7.58
7.78
7.98
6.23
6.51
6.79
7.01,
7.22
7.1,6
7.62
7.91,
8.17
8.1,0
8.1,2
8.73
9.11
9.62
10.30
11.28
12.71,
15.19
20.72
8.67
.0500
5.31,
5.81,
.01,50
5.89
.01,00
.0350
.0300
.0250
0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
5.35
5.35
5.36
5.37
5.38
5.1,0
5.1,2
5.1.1,
5.1,
7
5.95
6.02
6.11
6.22
6.38
6.63
7.05
8.06
7.19
7.38
7.65
6.31
6.62
6.92
7.58
7.8S
6.1,1 6.71, 7.07
7.37
6.90
7.27
7.60
7.81, 8.17
6.53
8.53
7.89
8.16
6.68
7.11
7.52
8.60
9.03
7.85
8.28
6.89
7.38
8.85
9.23
9.76
7.1S- 7.76
S.33
8.36
9.71, 10.23 10.91
7.63
9.09
8.1,3 9.1,6 10.1,8 11.1,0 12.05 12.90
10.1,9 12.25 13.86 15.22 16.17 17.1,2
8.17
7.83
8.1,5
8.07
8.38
8.80
8.78
9.26
9.88
9.32
10.10 10.79
11.31, 12.16
13.1,1,11,.1.7
18.21 19.69
9.00
9.1,2
9.97
10.71
11.76
13.29
15.87
21.71
b I bw = 6
Secesem T - Tensesem Estado Fendilhado
h rI d = 0.3
tx
ac
-+-
ac
= - Cc
x=
135
1ST
~
+
p _ As1
bd
Cc
(Cc+ Cs)
Ms
eS=N
t~
Yr;
es/d
p
0.75
.1600
.1200
.1000
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01050
Cs
.01000
.0350
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
.1600 .
.1200
. 1000
.0800
.0600
.0500
Cc .01050
.01000
.0350
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0150
.0100
.0050
0.85
1.00
1.15
0.33
0.41
1.26
1.62
1.90
2.30
2.94
3.43
3.75
4.14
4.63
1.99
2.59
3.06
3.74
4.85
5.71
6.28
6.97
7.85
0.107
0.55
0.67
0.76
0.81
0.87
0.910
1.02
5.26
9.00
1.13
1.26
6.11
7.33
10.56
12.80
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
2.57
3.17
3.36
4.16
3.98
10.93
10.89 6.08
6.37
7.95
7.53
9.42
8.29 10.39
9.23
11.58
10.102 13.08
3.73
4.91
5.83
7.20
9.104
11.19
12.35
13.77
15.57
4.16
5.47
6.51
8.010
10.56
12.53
13.82
15.102
17.45
4.76
6.27
7.106
9.23
12.13
14.100
15.90
17.74
20.10
5.16
6.80
8.10
10.03
13.18
15.66
17.28
19.30
21.88
5.96
7.87
9.38
11.62
15.29
18.17
20.08
22.105
25.109
6.57
8.67
10.34
12.82
16.87
20.07
22.19
210.83
28.22
7.17
9.108
11.31
14.02
18.46
21.98
210.32
27.23
30.96
11.97
15.05
17.93
20.11
23.21
25.30
29.52
32.72
35.93
110.08 17.72
17.12 21.65
21.17
25.99
23.81
29.30
27.55
34.00
30.07
37.16
35.15
43.54
38.99
48.37
102.86
53.21
70.39
9.23
16.31
21.98
28.08
33.91
38.36
1010.67 108.91
57.105
63.91
22.77
31.40
100.66
49.51
56.25
65.78
85.09
910.82 1010.59
2.10
20.108 100.73 58.102 77.310 95.310 109.00 128.30 1101.25167.27 186.88 206.55
lo..28
10.30
10.31
10.50
4.58
4.64
10.33
10.73
10.36
10.38
10.39
10.101
4.107
10.50
1.75
12.61
1.1010
10.105
1.50
1.69
1.30
10.103
10.510
4.60
4.69
10.87
4.97
5.03
5.11
5.20
5.33
549
5.71
6.05
6.63
7.91
5.57
5.95
6.24
6.66
7.310
7.85
8.17
5.68
6.09
6.101
6.87
7.60
8.110
8.107
8.20
8.63
9.17
9.85
10.79
8.510
9.00
9.56
10.29
8.87
9.35
9.910
10.71
11.76
10.91
11.310 12.16
12.710
12.90
17.102
13.104
18.21
10.66
10.79
10.89
5.03
5.25
5.101
5.52
10.79
10.95
5.08
5.25
5.53
5.75
5.88
10.91
5.11
5.26
5.108
5.82
6.08
6.25
5.03
5.26
5.43
5.69
6.08
6.39
6.58
5.11
5.37
5.56
5.810
6.28
6.62
6.83
5.23
5.51
5.73
6.05
6.55
6.93
7.18
5.610
5.80
6.01
6.28
6.66
6.05
6.25
6.52
6.88
7.36
6.105
6.71
7.04
7.108
6.09
6.82
7.12
7.51
8.02
8.70
7.10
7.43
7.86
8.100
9.14
7.108
7.85
8.31
8.91
9.72
7.25
8.110
8.98
9.71
10.22
8.25
10.49
9.100
12.25
10.108
13.86
11.40
15.22
12.05
16.17
------
72.19
5.31
5.61
5.85
6.19
6.73
7.110
7.41
7.73
8.12
8.61
9.23
10.09
5.106
5.81
6.07
6.46
7.08
7.55
7.85
11.26
110.107 15.19
20.72
19.69
13.29
15.87
21.71
----
136
1ST
b I bw = 10

t
hf/d=O.l
Ms
crc
tc=7
crs
=a. Cs bd2
T1
d
Ms
+r
As
+bw+
crc
=- Cc
crs
p ~ As1
bd
b d2
Cc
x-- (Cc + Cs )
+
1 [G -
t~
YG
4=
es/d
otp
0.75
.0800
.0600
. 0500
.0450
.0400
.0350
Cs .0300
.0250
.0200
.0175
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0050
.0025
.0800
.0600
.0500
.0450
. 0400
.0350
Cc .0300
.0250
.0200
.0175
.0150
.0125
.0100
. 005o
.0025
.-
0.85
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00
0.05
0.06
1.78
2.26
3.18
4.08
4.29
5.57
5.47
7.13
6.57
8.61
7.1,1
9.73
0.07
2.61
2.81,
4.78
5.24
6.56
7.2.1
8.44
9.30
10.22
11.29
11.57
12.79
13.1,9 14.77
11,.92 16.36
0.07
2.50
3.00
8.60
11.32
9.40
12.39
5.00 10.00
00
11. 00 12.21 13.1,3

11,.51, .16.16
17.79
17.36
19.24
19.31
21.41
21.27
23.59
0.08
3.11
5.80
8.02
10.38
12.62
14.32
16.72
18.33
21.58
24.03
26.1,9
0.09
3.45
6.51"
9.06
11.76
11,.32 16.27
19.02
20.87
21,.59 27.40
30.21
0.09
0.10
3.88
1,.1,6
7.44
8.72
13.58
16.12
16.59
19.75
18.87
22.50
22.09
26.38
24.26
28.98
28.60
34.22
31.88
38.16
35.17
42.11
10.42
12.30
0.11
5.26
10.58
15.10
19.91
24.47
27.93
32.80
36.07
42.62
47.56
52.50
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.14
5.81
6.50
7.1,3
8.74
11.90
13.63
16.02
19.57
17.09
19.72
23.39
28.88
22.61
26.20
31.21
38.70
27.81,
32.32
38.59
1,7.96
31.80
36.96
41,.16
51,.95
37.38
1,3.48
52.01
61,.77
41.12
1,7.85
57.26
71.31,
48.62
56.61
67.78
84.1,9
54.27
63.20
75.69
94.37
59.92
69.79
83.60
101,.26
0.16
0.18
14.1,8 36.95 56.01 75.87 91,.1,5 108.42 128.01 141.08 167.25 186.88 206.55
21,.37 70.88 109.11 148.51, 185.26 212.90 251.87 277.96 330.36 369.80 409.31
873
8.73
9.04
9.12
9.27
9.41
9.1,4
9.63
9.61
9.84
9.77
10.02
9.87
10.16
10.02
10.33
10.12
10.45
10.30
10.67
10.43
10.82
10.56
10.97
8. 'I,
8.7.. 9.22
9.18
9.52
9.58
9.76
9.85
10.00
10.11
10.21
10.33
10.36
10.49
10.56
10.70
10.69
10.84
10.93
11.10
11.11
11.29
11.27
11.46
8 . ioif
,.
9.26
9.66
9.95
10.23
10.47
10.64
10.87
11.02
11.30
11.50
11.69
8.74
9.31
9.76
10.08
10.38
10.65
10.83
11.08
11.21, 11. 54 11.76
11.97
8.74
9.38
8.71,
9.1,7
8.71,
9.59
8.75
9.66
8.75
9.76
9.88
8.75
8.75 10.01,
8.75 10.66
8.76 11.53
9.88
10.04
10.25
10.40
10.58
10.81
11.13
12.44
14.53
10.23
10.44
10.72
10.91
11.14
11.45
11.87
13.66
16.64
10.57
10.82
11.16
11.38
11.67
12.01,
12.56
14.81
18.73
10.86
11.11,
11.53
11.79
12.12
12.55
13.16
15.85
20.64
11.07
11.38
11.80
12.08
12.1,4
12.92
13.59
16.60
22.02
11.34
11.68
12.16
12.47
12.88
13.41
14.17
17.65
23.83
11.52
11.85
12.09
12.32
11.88
12.25
12.52
12.79
12.38
12.72
13.15
13.73
11,.55
18.34
24.96
12.82
13.20
13.69
14.35
15.30
19.71
27.08
13.13
13.55
14.08
14.80
15.84
20.72
28.57
13.1,1,
13.89
11,.47
15.25
16.38
21.71
29.98
..
- - ___ - ___uo _ou_
Grupo de Beto
e Pr-Esforado- 1ST
Annado
137
b I bw

Seces em T Tenses em Estado Fendilhado
= a Cs bd2
Ms
+r
-As
l]
+
p = ASI
crc= - Cc bd2
I
crs
+bw+
crs
t!:::7
x
hr/d=0.2
Ms
crc
T
d
=10
Cc
I
x-- (Cc + Cs)
bd
t~
Ya
4=
es I d
0<1'
0.75
1.00
1.15 1.30
0.03
0.03
0.01,
0.01,
1.81
2.32
2.71
2.96
3.27
3.66
1,.17
3.27
1,.1,3 5.61, 6.78
7.1,2 8.91,
1,.25 5.80
8.83 10.66
5.02
6.89
5.53
7.61
9.77 11.80
6.16
8.50 10.93 13.22
6.97
9.61, 12.42 15.04
8.03 11.15 11,.1,0 17.1,1,
Cs .0300
0.01,
0.05
0.05
.0250
0.06
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01,50
.01,00
.0350
Cc
.0200
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
.0800'
.0600
.0500
.0450
.0400
.0350
5.57
5.57
5.57
5.57
5.57
5.57
5.88
5.96
6.03
6.07
6.11
6.17
5.57
5.57
5.57
6.25
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0175
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0050
.0025
2.50
3.00
7.61,
10.09
12.01,
13.31,
11,.95
17.01
8.8S
11.71
13.98
15.1,9
17.37
19.78
9.66
12.79
15.28
16.93
19.71,
22.96
25.12
27.39
29.96
18.99
21.63
5.00 10.00
11.29
JI,.96
17.59
19.82
22.21,
25.33
12.52
16.60
19.81,
22.00
21,.68
28.11
29.1,3 32.67
CX>
13.71,
18.23
21.80
21,.17
27.12
30.90
35.91
42.86
5.86 11.66
25.71, 29.15
1,8.37 53.21
16.31, 21.20
33.91, 37.11, 1,3.51,
6.55 13.19 18.53 21,.06 29.23 33.12 38.57 1,2.21 49.52 55.01, 60.58
7.46 15.20 21.1,1 27.81, 33.81, 38.31, 1,1,.67 1,8.91 57.1,5 63.91 70.39
8.69 17.97 25.38 33.01, 1,0.18 1,5.55 53.11, 58.25 68.53 76.30 81,.10
10.1,9 22.02 31.20 1,0.66 1,9.51 56.25 65.78 72.19 85.0S 910.82101,.59
18.67 1,0.72 58.102 77.310 95.34 109.00 128.30 1101.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
32.17 73.99 110.21 148.76 185.26 212.90 251.87 277.96 330.36 369.80 409.31
1,.86
.0175
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0050
.0025
1.50
1.75 2.00
0.85
5.58
5.58
5.58
6.35
6.49
6.59
6.71
6.87
5.58
5.58
5.58
7.10
8.07
9.57
9.1,9
13.21,
6.46
6.71
6.89
7.01
7.16
7.34
7.58
6.79
6.98
7.1.,4 7.90
8.36
7.25
1.80
8.68
7.43
8.06
9.09
7.67
8.38
8.82
9.66
7.99
8.1,5 9.1,6 10.1.,8
10.49 12.25 13.86
13.59 16.26 18.65
6.11
6.26
6.37
6.45
6.54
6.65
6.29
6.49
6.63
6.73
6.85
6.99
7.18
17.14
---------------------
20.79
6.62
6.91
7.12
7.26
7.44
7.65
7.93
8.31
8.86
9.25
9.75
10.43
11.40
15.22
20.64
23.53
6.710
7.05
7.29
7.45
7.64
7.88
8.19
8.62
9.24
9.67
10.23
11.00
12.05
16.17
22.02
35.12
8.20
8.56
9.05
9.76
10.26
7.00
7.38
7.68
7.87
8.11
8.41
8.80
9.33
10.10
10.65
10.91
11.75
11.34
12.23
7.98
8.20
8.108
8.82
9.27
9.89
10.79
11.40
12.16
13.14
12.90
17.42
23.83
13.44
18.21
24.96
14.47
19.69
27.08
6.89
7.25
7.53
7.70
7.92
38.99
7.20
7.610
7.35
7.83
8.21
8.45
8.75
9.13
7.50
8.02
8.43
8.69
9.02
9.43
9.62
10.30
11.28
9.97
10.71
11.76
11.93
12.74
13.78
15.19
20.72
28.57
12.44
1329
14.39
15.87
21.71
29.98
--
---
--
138
1ST
b I bw :; 10

I
t"8
x
T
d
+r
I
+bw+
d
1
as
= a Cs-
ac
= - Cc-
I
as
x=
hf/d=O.3
Ms
bd2
Ms
p _ As1
bd
bd2
cc
d
(Cc+ Cs)
I]
+ YG
t~
- +
es/d
c<p
Cs
0.75
0.85
0.31,
0.1,2
0.1,8
0.51
0.55
0.60
0.66
0.71,
0.83
0.89
0.96
1.05
1.15
1.41,
1.68
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01,50
.01,00
.0350
.0300
.0250
.0200
.0175
.Q150
.0125
.0100
.0050
.0025
.0800
.0600
.0500
.01,50
.010
00
.0350
Cc .0300
.0250
.0200
.0175
.0150
.012
.0100
.0050
.0025
1.00
1.15
1.30
.41.
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
7.18
8.03
9.22 10.02 11.62 12.82 11,.02
3.67
1,.81, 6.05
10.55
6.33
7.93
9.1,2
12.13
13.18 15.29 16.87 18.1,6
1,.78
5.65
7.50
9.1,0 11.18 12.52 lI, .1,0
15.66 18.17 20.07 21.98
6.22
8.26 10.37 12.31, 13.82 15.90 17.28 20.08 22.19 21,.32
7.23
9.21 11.57 13.77 15.1,2 17.71, 19.30 22.1,5 24.93
6.92
1,.52 7.81 10.1,0 13.08 15.57 17.1,5 20.10 21.86 25.1,9 28.22 30.96
5.15
8.96 11.96 15.05 17.93 20.11 23.21 25.30 29.52 32.72 35.93
6.02 10.53 11,.08 17.72 21.17 23.81 27.55 30.07 35.15 38.99 1,2.86
7.26 12.79 17.12 21.65 25.99 29.30 31,.00 37.16 1,3.51, 48.37 53.21
8.10 11,.33 19.22 21, .1,2
29.1,0 33.20 38.58 1,2.21 1,9.52 55.01, 60.58
9.18 16.31 21.98 28.08 33.91 38.36 1,1,.671,8.91 57.1,5 63.91 70.39
10.61 18.91, 25.79 33.15 1,0.18 1,5.55 53.11, 58.25 68.53 76.30 81,.10
12.60 22.77 31.1,0 1,0.66 1,9.51 56.25 65.78 72.19 85.09 91,.82 101,.59
20.1,8 1,0.73 58.42 77.31, 95.34 109.00 128.30 141.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
32.65 73.99 110.21 148.76 185.26 212.90 251.87 277.96 330.36 369.80 409.31
2.19
2.82
3.31
3.63
1,.02
5.29
5.07
4.43
5.56
1,.91 5.28
1,.44 5.01
5.44
5.76
1,.1,5 5.07
5.51, 5.!=
4...6 5.110 5.66
6....
6.26
1,.107 5.23
5.82
10.108 5.35
6.02
6.52
10.50 5.50
6.28
6.88
1,.52 5.72
6.66
7.38
1,.53 5.87
7.72
6.92
1,.54 6.05
7.25
8.14
10.56 6.30
7.67
8.67
8.25
9.40
4.58
6.63
7.91 10.49 12.25
4.64
10.69 9.56 13.59 16.26
I,
1.50
1,.79
5.71
5.51
5.81, 6.09
6.39
6.09
6.26
6.59
6.46
6.71
6.83
7.13
7.04
7.108
8.09
8.49
8.98
9.62
10.48
13.86
18.65
7.51
8.02
8.70
9.15
9.71
10.42
11.40
15.22
20.64
6.1,7
6.20
6.73
7.08
7.14
7.55
7.1,1 7.85
8.20
7.10
7.1,8 7.73
8.6
7.1,3 7.85
8.12
7.86
8.31
8.61
9.17
9.85
8.100 8.91
9.23
9.14
9.72 10.09 10.79
9.62 10.25 10.64 11.40
10.22 10.91 11.34 12.16
11.00 11.75 12.23 13.14
12.05 12.90 13.41, 14.47
16.17 17.42 18.21 19.69
22.02 23.83 24.96 27.08
5.85
6.29
6.62
6.34
6.06
6.55
6.93
7.18
6.67
6.87
7.31, 7.60
8.11,
7.85
8.1,7
8.17
8.87
8.54
9.35
9.00
9.56
9.910
10.29 10.71
11.28 11.76
11.93 12.1,4
12.74
13.78
15.19
20.72
28.57
13.29
14.39
15.87
21.71
29.98
1ST
139
b / bw = 20
Secesem T - TensesemEstadoFendilhado
~ t
h{
+bw+
-+-
ac
!::::7
=a
Cs
Ms
b d2
Ms
ac
Ms
As
tx
as
hr/d=O.l
as
x = (Cc + C.)
p-- bd
= - Cc bd2
d
I:]
t-jE
~G
-r
es/d
dp
Cs
0.75
0.85
-
1.00
1.15
1.30
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
7.63
10.00
11,.66
19.29
22.97
26.1,8
10.06
13.25
19.59
25.89
30.92
38.1,5
12.35
16.32
21,.22
32.09
38.38
1,7.79
11,.08 16.52 18.15

18.63 21.90 21,.08
27.72 32.63 35.92
36.77 1,3.31, 1,7.73
1,1,.0051.89 57.16
51,.81 61,.68 71.26
5.00
10.00
00
.01,00
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0075
37.62
50.91,
63.1,0
72.77
85.90
91,.66 112.20
125.36
138.53
.0050
12.91
36.1,1
55.75
75.74
91,.38 108.38
127.99
11,1.07 167.25
186.88
20b.55
.001,0
15.1,3
1,5.05
69.21,
91,.17 117.39
175.53
208.16
232.71
257.31,
.0035
17.19
51.18
78.80
181.1,1 199.98
237.30
265.1,0 293.57
2.1,5
3.11
1,.32
5.31
6.90
9.98
5.1,1, 12.99
6.28 15.38
7.1,8 18.93
9.38 21,.79
107.21, 133.71
131,.82 159.25
153.58
21.1,3
28.1,7
1,2.51
56.53
67.71
23.90
31.76
26.37
35.07
1,7.1,7
52.1,3
63.13 69.71,
75.63 83.56
81,.1,1,
91,.33101,.23
.0030
19.1,8
59.30
178.1,0 210.81
232.51
276.11
308.93
31,1.82
.0025
22.63
70.58
109.03
11,8.53 185.26
212.90
251.87
277.96
330.36
369.80
1,09.31
.0020
87.26
135.02
181,.01 229.81
26.1,8
313.30
31,5.99 1,11.61 1,60.97 510.1,3
.0015
27.21,
.0012
.01,00
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
Cc .0075
.0050
.001,0
.0035
.0030
.0025
.0020
.0015
.0012
91.1,7 121,.51,155.31
31,.71 111,.1,8177.38 21,2.38303.73 350.11 1,15.1,11,59.1051,6.76612.69 678.72

1,1.98 11,0.96 218.82 300.1,2377.35 1,35.1,8
517.26 571.97 681.70 761,.2081,6.83
10.06
10.37
10.13 10.53
10.27 10.81
10.38 11.07
10.1,
7 11.26
10.59 11.52
10.76 11.93
11.06 12.66
11.26 13.18
11.39 13.53
11.56 13.99
11.78 14.61
12.09 15.51
12.56
13.00
10.60 10.82
10.82 11.09
11.20 11.57
11.55 12.00
11.80 12.32
12.17 12.79
12.7l, 13.52
13.79 11,.89
11,.51,15.88
15.06 16.58
15.74 17.1,9
16.67 18.74
18.03 20.58
16.96
20.23
18.31, 22.31
--
11.02
11.33
11.89
12.1,0
12.78
13.31,
11,.22
15.89
17.11
17.96
19.09
20.64
22.82
23.1,0 26.03
25.89 28.85
- --------
11.16
11.50
12.12
12.69
13.12
13.71,
llt.73
16.61,
18.02
19.00
20.29
22.02
21,.38
11.31,
11.73
12.1,3
13.08
13.57
11,.29
15.1,1,
11.1,6 11.70 11.87

11.88 12.17 12.38
12.63 13.03 13.32
13.33 13.83 11,.20
13.87 11,.1,511,.89
11,.65 15.36 15.89
15.91 lG.81o 17.53
18.35 19.71 20.72
20.11,..21.79 22.96
21.39 23.17 24.1,2
22.95 24.88 26.21,
21,.96 27.08 28.57
17.67
19.29
20.44
21.92
23.83
26.1,1 27.68
27.81, 30.20 31.67
30.88 33.53 35.19
12.03
12.58
13.60
11,.56
15.31
16.1,2
18.22
21.71
21,.07
25.61
27.52
29.98
30.06 31.13 33.32

36.37 38.21
31,.1,1,
38.29 1,0.1,61,2.51
------
1ST
b I bw = 20

i
hr/d=O.2
Ms
(Jc
t!:::7
(Js
=a
Cs
b d2
T$
d
Ms
+r
-As
(Jc
= - Cc
Cc
(Js
+bw+
x-- (Cc+ Cs )
p-- bd
b d2
d
M
d + Ya
t~
1~ - +
es I d
0.75
tXfJ
Cs
.0400
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0075
.0050
.0040
.0035
.0030
.0025
.0020
.0015
1.00
1.15
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
1.5.99 116.04 177.39 242.38 303.73 350.11 415.41 459.10 51.6.76612.69 678.72
53.1.0141.62 218.82 300.42 377.35 435.48 517.26 571.97 681.70 764.20 846.83
6.64
6.87
1.30
7.71
8.02
8.47
9.18
10.49
8.50 11.38
8.77 11.96
9.12 12.67
.0025
.0020
9.57 13.59 16.26 18.65 20.64
.0015
.0012
. 0400
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0075
.0050
.001.0
.0035
.0030
..
2.99
3.86
5.53
7.14
8.38
10.20
13.10
1.30
6.00
7.87
11.53
15.09
17.88
21.97
28.51
18.50 40.72
22.210 49.28
21,.77 55.27
27.96 63.15
32.13 73.99
37.80 89.97
.0012
Cc
0.85
6.26
6.37
6.59
6.78
6.93
7.15
7.48
8.08
10.17
11.04
11.78
14.83
16.64
18.23
8.39 10.86 13.17 }l,.90 17.34 18.97 22.22 24.67 27.12

11.05 14.34 17.41 19.71 22.94 25.10 29.1,2 32.66 35.91
16.28 21.16 25.72 29.11, 33.91, 37.11, 1,3.51,
48.37 53.21
21.37 27.82 33.83 38.34 44.67 1.8.91 57.1.5 63.91 70.39
25.36 33.03 1.0.18 45.55 53.14 58.25 68.53 76.30 81..10
3L19
40.66 1.9.51 56.25 65.i8 i2.19 85.09 94.82 104.59
40.55 53.02 64.90 73.91,. 86.72 95.30 112.57 125.59 138.66
58.42 77.34 95.31, 109.00 128.30 141.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
71 .56 95.36 117.96 135.11 159.32 175.54 208.16 232.71 257.31,
80.85 108.15 131,.05 153.70 181.41 199.98 237.30 265.1,0293.57
93.11. 125.12
155.1.3 178.1.1 210.81
232.51
276.11
308.93
31.82
110.21 148.76 185.26 212.90 251.87 277.96 33036
369.80 1.09.31
135.58
1.60.91 510.1,3
181..01 229.81
6.93
7.25
7.84
8.1.0
8.84
1.22
7.62
8.38
9.10
9.66
9.47 10.1.8
10.1.7 11.71.
12.25 13.86
13.39 15.23
14.14 16.12
15.07 17.22
17.87
20.23
22.31
20.58
23.1.0
25.89
7.49
7.96
8.88
9.75
10.43
11.40
12.83
15.22
16.77
17.78
19.03
22.82
26.03
28.85
264.1.8 313.30
7.68
8.22
9.25
10.23
11.00
12.05
13.59
16.17
17.8
18.93
7.96
8.57
9.76
10.91
11.75
12.90
11..59
17.42
19.25
20.41.
21.92
20.28
22.02 23.83
24.38
27.84
30.88
26.41
30.20
33.53
345.99
411.61
8.11.
8.81
10.10
11.34
12.23
13.41.
15.22
18.21
20.13
21.39
8.49
9.28
10.79
12.16
13.14
14.1.7
16.41
19.69
21.79
23.17
. 24.88
8.76
9.62
11.28
12.74
13.78
15.19
17.25
20.72
22.96
24.42
9.03
9.97
11.76
13.29
14.39
15.87
18.05
21.71
24.07
25.61
24.96
26.21. 27.52
27.08 28.57 29.98
27.68
31.67
35.19
30.06
34.44
38.29
22.95
31.73
36.37
40.46
33.32
38.21
42.51
1ST
141
b / bw = 20

i
+ bw+
bd2
+r
as = a. C5- Ms
tx
T1
d
hr/d=0.3
= - C c-
ac
Cc
x=
(Cc+
p--
Ms
bd2
bd
d
Cs)
M
+ YG
t~
1 I] -
es/d
c{f
.01,00
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
!r- .0075
I'-S
.0050
.001,0
.0035
.0030
.0025
.0020
.0015
.0012
Cc
.01,00
.0300
.0200
.0150
.0125
.0100
.0075
.0050
.001,0
.0035
.0030
.0025
.0020
.0015
.0012
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.15
3.93
5.07
7.19
9.li,
10.58
12.58
15.51,
20.1,8
23.80
26.01,
28.89
32.65
37.93
6.88
8.94
12.78
16.30
18.91,
22.77
28.91,
1,0.73
1,9.28
55.27
0.23
0.28
0.36
0.43
0.1,7
0.52
0.58
0.67
0.71
0.74
0.76
0.79
0.82
0.85
0.88
1,.1,9
1,.50
1,.52
1,.53
.-
63.15
1.50
1.75
2.00 . 2.50
73.99
110.21
11,8.76 185.26
212.90
135.58
181,.01 229.81
261,.1,8313.30
1,5.99 116.04
177.39
242.38
303.73
350.11
53.1,0 11,1.62 218.82
300.42
377.35
1,35.1,8517.26
1,.55
1,.56
1,.58
5.68
6.02
6.66
7.25
7.67
8.25
9.09
10.49
4.58
1,.59
1,.59
1,.60
8.1,0
8.71
9.08
9.56
11.38
11.96
12.67
13.59
1,.60 10.17 14.83

1,.61 11.01, 16.64
4.61 11.78 18.23
3.00
5.00
10.00
00
9.19 11.56 13.77 15.1,2 17.71, 19.30 22.1,5 21,.83 27.23

11.95 15.05 17.93 20.11 23.21 25.30 29.52 32.72 35.93
17.12 21.65 25.99 29.30 31,.00 37.16 43.51, 48.37 53.21
21.98 28.08 33.91 38.36 1,1,.671,8.91 57.1,5 63.91 70.39
25.79 33.15 40.18 1,5.55 53.li, 58.25 68.53 76.30 81,.10
31.1,0 40.66 1,9.51 56.25 65.78 72.19 85.09 91,.82101,.59
40.55 53.02 61,.90 73.91, 86.72 95.30 112.57 125.59 138.66
58.1,2 77.31, 95.31, 109.00 128.30 11,1.25 167.27 186.88 206.55
71.56 95.36 117.96 135.11 159.32 175.51, 208.16 232.71 257.34
80.85 108.15 134.05 153.70 181.1,1199.98 237.30 265.40 293.57
93.11, 125.12 155.1,3178.1,1210.81 232.51 276.11 308.93 31,1.82
89.97
5.17
5.36
5.73
6.06
6.30
6.63
7.12
7.91
1,.51,
1.30
6.83
7.51
6.70
7.38
8.09
9.71
8.14
8.98
8.67
9.62 10.1,2
9.1,0 10.1,8 11.1,0
10.47 11.74 12.83
12.25 13.86 15.22
13.39 15.23 16.77
14.11, 16.12 17.78
15.07 17.22 19.03
16.26 18.65 20.64
17.87 20.58 22.82
20.23 23.40 26.03
22.31 25.89 28.85
6.07
6.53
6.1,6
7.04
7.10
7.86
9.14
251.87
277.96
330.36
31,5.99 411.61
369.80
1,15.1,11,59.10 51,6.76 612.69
7.1,8
8.31
571.97
681.70
7.73 . 8.20
8.61
9.17
9.72 1o .09 10.79
10.22 10.91 11.31, 12.16
11.00 11.75 12.23 13.11,
12.05 12.90 13.44 14.47
13.59 11,.59 15.22 16.1,1
16.17 17.1,2 18.21 19.69
17.81, 19.25 20.13 21.79
18.93 20.41, 21.39 23.17
20.28 21.92 22.95 24.88
22.02 23.83 21,.96 27.08
21,.38 26.41 27.68 30.06
27.81, 30.20 31.67 34.44
30.88 33.53 35.19 38.29
- ---
1,09.31
1,60.97 510.43
678.72
761,.20 81,6.83
8.54
8.87
9.56
11.28
12.71,
13.78
15.19
17.25
20.72
22.96
21,.42
26.24
28.57
9.91,
31.73
36.37
40.46
11.76
13.29
11,.39
15.87
18.05
21.71
21,.07
25.61
27.52
29.98
33.32
38.21
1,2.51
Peso de revestimentos
1ST
145
e coberturas
Valores usualmente considerados no dimensionamento
(kN/m2)
Pavimento em alcatifa incluindo at 3 cm de camada de regularizao (implica
a no colocaode quaisquercanalizaesnessacamada)e estuqueno tecto

Revestimentos
usuais de pavimentos
- tacos,
1.0
alcatifa ou mosaicos cermicos
(incluindo at 5 cm de camada de regularizao e assentamento) e estuque ou
tecto falsona faceinferiorda laje
1.5
Revestimentosde pedra (at 3 cm) ou mosaicoshidrulicos(incluindoat

5 cm de camadade regularizaoe assentamento)e esblqueou tectofalso
2.0
Revestimentos de terraos, incluindo camada de forma em beto leve

(at 8 cm), telas impermeabilizantese proteces
2.0
Revestimentosde terraos, incluindo camada de forma em beto normal

(at 8 cm), telas impermeabilizantese proteces
2.5
Coberturasde telhaapoiadaemripadode madeiIa
1.0
Coberturasde telhaapoiadaemripadode beto
1.5
Coberturasde telhacom ripadode betoapoiadoem muretesde alvenaria
2.0
Coberturasde chapasde fibrocimentoapoiadasemmuretesde alvenaria
1.0
Elementos
de revestimento
de pavimentos, tectos e paredes
(kN/m2)
Ladrilhohidrulico,incluindoargamassade assentamento
0:90
Ladrilho cermico,incluindo argamassade assentamento
0.70
Azulejos cermicos,incluiO(~o
argamassade assentamento
0.60
Reboco de cimento (por em de espessura)
0.20
Reboco de calou estuque (por em de espessura)
0.16
Pedra (3 cm de espessura),incluindoargamassade assentamento
1.20
Tacosde madeiIaassentescomcola
0.20
Estuqueem tectossob laje de beto armado,incluindochapinhadoe esboo
0.25
Forrode tectoem madeira
0.20
Tecto falso
0.20
Divisriasleves
0.50
Elementos
de revestimento
de coberturas
(kN/m2)
TelhaMarselha,incluindoripase varasde madeiIa
0.65
TelhaLusa,incluindoripase varasde madeiIa
0.70
Telhas de beto com ripado de madeira
Chapas de fibra-cimento
.....
.....................
....
0.90
0.35
Grupo de Beto AnDado e Pr-Esforado -
146
Elementos
1ST
de enchimento
Argamassascelulares.
............
6-8
Beto simples
24
Betolevecomargilaexpandida
12
Betolevecom granuladode cortia
10
Betonilha
20
Solovegetal(canteiros)
20
Peso especfico de alguns materiais

~
....................................
Alumnio
Areia
Areia seca..
Areiahmida
78
.........
27
.............
16
................................
18
................................
21
Argamassa
Argamassade cimento
.........
18
...........
19
...................
25
Argamassade calhidrulica.
Argamassabastarda(cale cimento)
Beto
Betoannado
Betosimples(nonnal)
24
..............................
Beto sem finos...
......
18
Beto leve com argila expandida...............................................................
12
Beto leve com granulado de cortia .........................................................
10
Beto celular autoclavado (tipo Ytong)..
5.5
....................
Brita
Fibrocimento
..
..................................
Madeiras
..........
15
20
10
Solos
Argilasmoles
Argilasduras
Areias soltas
.................................
............
19 - 20
........................
19 - 20
Areias compac tas..................................................................................
Vidro
17 - 19
.............................
20 - 21
25
1ST
147
Peso de paredes divisrias de alvenaria

Tipo
Tijolo furado
Paredes Simples
0.02
*'
1ft
+-e
.
Tijolo furado
Paredes Duplas
0.02
*'
Dimenses dos Tijolos
Espessura (m)
Peso (kN/m2)
30 x 20 x 7
0.11
1.4
30 x 20 x 11
0.15
1.8
30 x 20 x 15
0.19
2.1
30 x 20 x 22
0.24
2.5
30 x 20 x 22
0.26
2.6
30 x 20 x 7 + 30 x 20 x 7
0.09 + 0.09 + t
2.2
30 x 20 x 7 + 30 x 20 x 11
0.09 + 0.13 + t
2.4
30 x 20 x 7 + 30 x 20 x 15
0.09 + 0.17 + t
2.7
30 x 20 x 11+ 30 x 20 x 11
0.13 + 0.13+ t
2.6
30x20x 11 +30x20x
15
0.13 + 0.17+ t
3.0
30 x 20 x 15+ 30 x 20 x 15
0.17 + 0.17+ t
3.3
22 x 11 x 7
22 x 11 x 7
0.11
0.15
1.9
2.3
22 x 11 x 7
0.11
2.2
22 x 11 x 7
0.15
2.6
40 x 20 x 7
0.11
2.1
40 x 20 x 10
0.14
2.1
40 x 20 x 15
0.19
2.3
40 x 20 x 20
0.24
3.0
40 x 20 x 25
0.29
3.3
40 x 20 x 30
0.34
3.5
0.12
1.0
0.17
1.3
60 x 20 x 20
0.22
1.6
60 x 20 x 24
0.26
1.9
+t+
::
:.
;;
.1
mOI
+-- e--+
Tijolo perfurado
Tijolo macio
Blocos de Beto
Blocos de Beto Celular
60 x 20 x 10
60 x 20 x 15
CV
..
...
~
00
'
IA
Viga
Carga
DIIID P
B1
MA = Mo
-+--1.. --+
IA
pI!
pI!
= -12;
Mmx
= 24
= --
MA
VA--V 0--_ pL
-+--L --+
I!
I!
O ; M:x= 4.64
'V _ 3 P L .
A-2
M-
I!
A--20'
-+--L --+
. Mo--'-
V _ 7 PL
-+--L --+
-L
+-a-+-b-+
MA =- 120
MA=-
Pall
r.;
; Mo=-;
_ PL
Mmx- 32
MA--
Pa2b
VA
+
Mmx=
r.;
2 P a2b2
I!
2
2
V _ P ti (3a + b) . V _ P a (a + 3b)
A,03
I.;3
1.;
PL
'.
PL
; Mmx = 8
P
VA= Vo = - 2
A- -
2 IJ
3 PL
=-16
llP
VA= - 16
pL
VA=6;Vo=3
M+
mx
Q.
ofI.j
pL
mx
Pb
VA=-;L
+
5 PL
Mmx=
-.
-<
(JQ
=
fI.j
Pab
L
.
Pa
Vo=- L
PL
VA= Vo= -2
ofI.j
Q.
M+
fI.j
VA--V 0--_ pL
(fQ
--.
"'C
_ PL
Mmx- 12
5P
; Vo = -16
16
P a2 b (3L a)
; Mmx= 32
-.
n
VA=3 ;Vo= 6
= p I!
,Mmx 14.2
fI.j
pL
2L3
-o
pL
M+ _ P L
mx- 33.54
'
..,
_ PL
fI.j
= 33PL
o 120
.' M+mx=
fI.j
Mmx-
P b (3L - b )
P a (3L- a)
VA =
2O
; Vo =
2 L3
M
_ PL
2164
P L ; Vo = 1164P L
P a b (L + b)
8
VA-_ 0-_ pL
2
o - 120
5 P L2.
mx-
_ 12PL
M+
14.2
120'
mx- 23.65
V =48pL.
VA-- V0--- pL
4
MA= Mo = +O.SL +O.SL +
8 I!
20
MA-M 0---'
- P
19.2
M+
A- 120 '
. 1\1+mx-- 46.64
P
; Vo = 3 p8L
V _ 27 P L
I!
mx
MA= - 120 ;
Vo = 3 p L
A-2 '
J!
I!
M+
7 pI!
Vo = 720
PL
'
pI!
VA= 8
I!
P MA=- O ; Mo=-
~
'8
Q.
~
o
g.
I
I
I
~
~
o
~
!lt
I
I
I
~
8"
-I
ti)
..,
I
I
~IA
t
Carga
IA
B1~
t
MA= Mo= _-L

12L [0 -a2(2L-a)]
MA= - -L
M+ = L
( L3 - 2 a3)
mx 24 L
~p
-+-L --+
= Vo = l 2
-6);
-6);
[0 _.a2(2 L - a)]
I
8
VA= -L[IJ(5b+6a)-a2(2L-a)]
-+a+-b -+-c +
+-d-+-e-+
-+-L --+
Pb
2
2
Mo =-[ 12 d e + b (L
1213
M+
= L ( 3 L2 _ 4 a2)
ma\x 24
VA=-6Mab
r:
.'
a - Coef. dil. tnn.
MA = Mo
2
..L (a + b)
VA = Vo =
-Cfj
- 3 d) ]
Vo--_6Mab
C
-=
Q.
MA =- 8I! ( 2a + b )[ 2r: - b2- 2a ( a + b )]
VA=pb(2c+b)
2L
C)
Vo= 8L
pb3 {4IJ[a(2a+b)+(a+b)2].
-(2a+b)[a2+(a+b)
MA=
2 L3
V - - 3a t E I.
A-
Lh
'
VO=
2 L3
--.
"CI
oCfj
Q.
Mesq=-L ; Mctlr
.~ =_3Ma(a-2L)
Vo =2L
p b (2 a + b )
Ma
21..;
MA-_ 3atEI
h
2a tEI
h
M ( L2- 3 b2 )
2
V =3Ma(a-2L)
A
Q.
t:xI
o
g
o!.
o
(JQ
=
I'IJ
L2
VA = Vo = O
-a ) ]
- 3 e) ]
Mo = M a ( a - 2 b )
( 3 b + 2 a ) + a2 ( 2 L
oI'IJ
+t
.,.
oI'IJ
-.
/")
V A=- Pb3[4cr;+2br;+4de(d-e)+
4L
2
+ b (d - e)]
I..;
+a-+-b-+
MA= - ~12L [ 12 d e + b (L
MA= Mb(2a-b)
2
nM
Vo = -L
(a+b)
pb
-6);
40(')
VA
8L
+a -+-b +a +
~h
Mb
=T
-.
'
iI
(I)
--i
(JQ
I'IJ
VA =--L ; Vo =-L
M = O (em todo o vo)
3atEI
Lh
VA= Vo = O
J>,
\O
---
Grupo de Beto Arm3do e Pr-Esforado -
ISO
Esforos em vigas contnuas
Momentos
Re1aao
Ar:t;:JD
de dois tramos [5]
flectores
Sobrecarga varivel no
dosvos Permanente tIltramo
'P tramo
12/ 11
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.25
2.50
g li
-0.125
-0.139
-0.155
-0.174
-0.195
-0.219
-0.245
-0.274
-0.305
-0.339
-0.375
-0.477
-0.594
M2
M2
maxMI2
g li
0.070
0.065
0.060
0.053
0.047
0.040
0.033
0.026
0.019
0.013
0.008
0.003
0.070
0.090
0.111
0.133
0.157
0.183
0.209
0.237
0.267
0.298
0.330
0.417
qlll
-0.063
-0.060
-0.057
-0.054
-0.052
-0.050
-0.048
-0.046
-0.045
-0.043
-0.042
-0.039
-0.036
Esforos
transversos
0.513
e reaces
maxMI1
2
q111
0.096
0.097
0.098
0.099
0.100
0.101
0.102
0.103
0.104
0.104
0.105
0.107
0.108
211tramo
+
max MI2
2
q211
0.096
0.114
0.134
0.156
0.179
0.203
0.229
0.256
0.285
0.316
0.347
0.433
0.527
de apoio
AcAo Pennanente
dos vos
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.25
2.50
g li
Relao
12/11
tIl tramo
+
maxMil
-2
q211
-0.063
-0.079
-0.098
-0.119
-0.143
-0.169
-0.197
-0.228
-0.260
-0.296
-0.333
-0.438
-0.558
Ac1;D
Pennanente
+
M2
1ST
Vllf'Rl
V2E
V2D
g 11
g 11
0.375
0.361
0.345
0.326
0.305
0.281
0.255
0.226
0.195
0.161
0.125
0.023
-0.094
0.625
0.639
0.655
0.674
0.695
0.719
0.745
0.774
0.805
0.839
0.875
0.977
1.094
g 11
0.625
0.676
0.729
0.784
0.839
0.896
0.953
1.011
1.069
1.128
1.188
1.337
1.488
1" tramo
VR3
g 11
0.375
0.424
0.471
0.516
0.561
0.604
0.647
0.689
0.731
0.772
0.813
0.913
1.013
2" tramo
maxVl
V2E
V2D
ql11
0.438
0.441
0.443
0.446
0.448
0.450
0.452
0.454
0.455
0.457
0.458
0.462
0.464
ql11
0.563
0.560
0.557
0.554
0.552
0.550
0.548
0.546
0.545
0.543
0.542
0.539
0.536
'12 11
0.563
0.622
0.682
0.742
0.802
0.863
0.923
0.984
1.045
1.106
1.167
1.320
1.473
111e 211
tramos
max V3 max R2
q211
0.438
0.478
0.518
0.558
0.598
0.638
0.677
0.716
0.755
0.794
0.833
0.930 1.027
q 11
1.250
1.315
1.384
1.457
1.534
1.615
1.698
1.785
1.875
1.967
2.063
2.313
2.58i
Esforos
em vigas contnuas
Momentos
M-2
M2
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.25
2.50
3.00
2
g II
-0.083
-0.080
-0.080
-0.082
-0.086
-0.092
-0.100
-0.11 O
-0.122
-0.128
-0.136
-0.151
-0.168
-0.187
-0.208
-0.231
-0.255
-0.281
-0.354
-0.438
-0.366
2
qlll
-0.091
-0.086
-0.081
-0.077
-0.073
-0.070
-0.067
-0.064
-0.061
-0.060
-0.059
-0.057
-0.055
-0.053
-0.051
-0.050
-0.048
-0.047
-0.044
-0.041
-0.036
M-2
2
q2 II
-0.005
-0.009
-0.014
-0.021
-0.029
-0.039
-0.050
-0.063
-0.077
-0.085
-0.093
-0.111
-0.130
-o.151
-0.173
-0.197
-0.223
-0.250
-0.325
-0.411
-0.614
de trs tramos
Aco
Permanente
max M2
2
q II
-0.096
-0.095
-0.095
-0.098
-0.102
-0.108
-0.117
-0.127
-0.139
-0.145
-0.152
-0.168
-0.185
-0.204
-0.224
-0.247
-0.271
-0.297
-0.369
-0.452
-0.650
qt
MI1
2
g II
0.087
0.088
0.088
0.087
0.086
0.083
0.080
0.076
0.072
0.069
0.066
0.061
0.055
0.049
0.043
0.036
0.030
0.024
0.011
0.002
qz
12
-+-I
11
Esforos
151
[5]
flectores
Relao Aco
Sobrecarga no
de vos perma- I tramo 2 tramo 1 e 2
nente
tramo
12 /11
1ST
transversos
Sobrecarga no
1 tramo 1 e 3 2 tramo
tramo
Mi;
Mh
2
g II
.0.063
.0.049
-0.035
.0.021
-0.006
0.010
0.025
0.041
0.058
0.067
0.076
0.094
0.113
0.133
0.153
0.174
0.196
0.219
0.264
0.329
0.489
2
ql II
0.084
0.086
0.088
0.087
0.091
0.093
0.094
0.095
0.096
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.099
0.100
0.101
0.101
0.102
0.103
0.110
0.113
0.114
+
+
max Mh max MI?
2
2
ql II
qlll
0.089
0.015
0.092
0.022
0.094
0.031
0.096
0.040
0.098
0.051
0.100
0.063
0.101
0.075
0.103
0.089
0.104
0.103
0.104
0.110
0.105
0.118
0.106
0.134
0.107
0.151
0.107
0.169
0.108
0.188
0.109
0.208
0.109
0.229
0.110
0.250
0.111
0.307
0.113
0.370
0.119
0.511
'q3
4
II
e reaces
de apoio
Relao
dos vos
Aco Permanente
12 /11
VI =Rl
. V2-E
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.25
2.50
3.00
g II
0.417
0.420
0.420
0.418
0.414
0.408
0.4 00
0.390
0.378
0.372
0.365
0.349
0.332
0.313
0.292
0.269
0.245
0.219
0.146
0.063
-0.136
g II
0.583
0.580
0.580
0.582
0.586
0.592
0.600
0.610
0.622
0.628
0.636
0.651
0.668
0.687
0.708
0.731
0.755
0.781
0.854
0.938
1.136
V2-D
g II
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.550
0.600
0.625
0.650
0.700
0.750
0.800
0.850
0.900
0.950
1. 00{)
1.125
1.250
1.500
---
V3-E
g I]
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.550
0.600
0.625
0.650
0.700
0.750
0.800
0.850
0.900
0.950
1.000
1.125
] .250
] .500
] tramo
1 e 3
tramos
1 tramo
1 e 2
tramos
Vl=Rl
max VI
V2,.E
V2-D
qlll
0.409
0.414
0.419
0.423
0.427
0.430
0.433
0.436
0.439
0.440
0.44 ]
0.443
0.445
0.447
0.449
0.450
0.452
0.453
0.456
0.459
0.464
q 11
0.422
0.429
0.434
0.439
0.443
0.447
0.450
0.453
0.455
0.457
0.458
0.460
0.462
0.463
0.465
0.466
0.468
0.469
0.471
0.476
0.477
qlll
0.596
0.595
0.595
0.598
0.602
0.608
0.617
0.627
0.639
0.645
0.652
0.668
0.685
0.704
0.724
0.747
0.771
0.797
0.869
0.952
1.150
q II
0.461
0.450
0.460
0.483
0.512
0.546
0.583
0.623
0.665
0.668
0.708
0.753
0.798
0.843
0.890
0.937
0.985
1.031
1.151
1.272
1.517
152
1ST
Coeficientes de rigidez de elementos de viga
12EI6T
3EI6L2
6L
3EI6L3
-- iL6-
n.
_~_~ 11I I~e
Qe
L
y =6. C05(a.no introduz esforos
~I
I
~
8>
MJ
IJ]]]]
-LM,
IJ]]]]
+--L-
M,M)L
-LM,l.
-L--rl1111M,
2'Grau
-L- lM,
2' Grau
---ri'!1M1
-L-
-L-
2' Grau
1M,
21Grau
M'I
-L-
M,
Dn:o:Jl
+--L+xr-'a-
-L-
21Grau M
21Grau
2' Grau M 2' Grau
-L- -L- -L- -L- -L- -L- -LL

TM,M)
L
TM,M)
2L
)'MaM)
L
.
)'M,M)
L
6"MIMJ
L
)'MaM)
--ri1J
.d1JJI] J
-L-
L
TMaM)
L
TM,M)
)'M,M)
L
TMaM)
L
5L
L
12M,M) 12M,M) "4M,M)
M, (MJ+2M.)
L
)'MaM)
L
TIM.M)
L
"4M,M)
L
5L
"4MaM) TIMIM)
M, (2M)+M.)
8L
15MaM)
L
SM,M)
L
SM,M)
7L
15M,M)
L
3L
2L
3oM,M) IOM,M) 15M,M)
2L
TMaM)
2L
TM,M)
7L
15 M,M)
+x_, _
MJ
0J:0:DM
+--L-lMJ
L
TM,M)
M, (M)+M.)
M, (M)+M.)
(L + x)
(L + y)
-L-
M, (M)" M.)
M,M)
Ma (MJ- 2M.)
M1M)
M, (2M)" M.)
L
)'M.MJ(l+
xy
-)
y2
lM, (M)+3M.)
l2M,M)(3x+t)
IM,
L
SM,M)
2L
15M,M)
3L
IOM1M)
lM, (3M)+M.)
1
x2
12M,M)(3Y+T)
M, (M)" M.)
o
2
.-<
.
'8
oo
ti:!
(':>
Ei.
o
-<
lM, (M)"3M.)
...
3~
oo
o
::?
(':>.
O
..,
(!)
M,
I"h..... Mz
""""-J
Q.
lM, (3M)" M.)
(!)
'--.
8L
llL
15M,M) 30 M,M)
8L
15M,M)
IM, (3M)+5M.)
MM
-L2.(5L-y_yI)
12
lM, (3M)- 5M.)
Q.
IM, (5M)+3M.)
M,M)
12 (5L-x-xI)
[M,(L+y)+
k [M,(2M3+M.) +
+MI(M)+2M.)]
+MI(L+x)]
L
6"M,M)[2"x,y ]
(para XI> X)
+--L-
MJ
Ir-,....
ti)
M,llh--.-.
-L-
SMIM)
2' Grau
.d1JJI]
2' Grau
MJ MJ
...-rl111
;I<
IMa (5M3- 3M.)
~
'
<!
~
oo
I
Vi
"-i
k [M,(2M)" M.) +
+Mz(M)-2M.)]
' [M)(L+y,)-
-M.(L+x,)]
k [M.(2M)- M.).
" MI(M)-2M.)]
.VI
w'
--
Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST
154
Flechas elsticas de alguns tipos de viga [4]

Carga concentrada
k PL
EI
Carga distribuda
= k
Coeficiente
Condies
de apoio
Carga
-4
JP
"""
+L/2+L/2+
IP
mITO
-t-L
-t-L
=1P
L
I
-t-L
=1P
$
I
-3
-1
322
192
.....
"""
.....
-1
-5
384
-1
184.6
-1
-11
-1
-1
274
-7
3840
-11
-3
-1
460
-1
328.1
764
-1
30
-3
460
-1
419.3
-1
764
192
-1
48
-1
D..
D.
pL
EI
120
120
384
1ST
155
Flechas elsticas de vigas contnuas
t--L02--+
LI
Flecha elstica na extremidade da consola:
_~
-M + ...L
2
[ P LI
-t
t-
Flecha elstica a meio vo da viga:

I
=EI
Nota: os momentos M, M1 e M2 entram nas expresses com o sinal de acordo com a

conveno de resistncia de materiais
---
--
156
Centro de Gravidade,
1$1
h
+-
I
I
I
I
I
1=
I
I
I
I
I
L
Inrcia e Largura equivalente de Seces em T [4]
1ST
beq h
12
x G = ( 1 - CG) h
h-xG
beq = Cb b
+bw+
Na Tabela: :Cb
**.
+-beq-+
CG
,
1
10
0,30
1,000
0,500
0,683
.0,580
0,535
0,631
0,444
0,665
0,382
0,690
0,336
0,710
0,301.
0,725
0,273
0,737
0,250
0,747
0,232
0,755
0,275
1,000
0,500
0,680
0.578
0,534
0,628
0,444
0,663
0,382
0,689
0,336
0,709
0,301
0,726
0,273
0,739
0,250
0,749
0,231
0,758
0,25
1,000
0,500
0,677
0,575
0,531
0,625
0,443
0,660
0.381
0,687
0,336
0,708
0.301
0,724
0,273
0;739
0,250
0,750
0,231
0,760
0,225
1,000
0,500
0,671
0.571
0,527
0,620
0,440
0,656
0.380
0,683
0,335
0,705
0,301
0,722
0,273
0,737
0,250
0,749
0,231
0,759
0,20
1,000
0,500
0.664
0,566
0,521
0,614
0,436
0.650
0,377
0.677
0,333
0.700
0,299
0,718
0,272
0,733
0,249
0,746
0,231
0,757
0,175
1,000
0,500
0,655
0,561
0,513
0,606
0,429
0,642
0.372
0,669
0.330
0,692
0,297
0,711
0,270
0,727
0.248
0,740
0,230
0,752
0,15
1,000
0,500
0,643
0,555
0,502
0,598
0,421
0,631
0.365
0,659
0,324
0,682
0.292
0,701
0,267
0,717
0,245
0,731
0,228
0,744
0,125
1,000
0,500
0,629
0,548
0,488
0,587
I 0,619
0,408
0,355
0,645
0,316
0,668
0,285
0,687
0,261
0,704
0.240
0,718
0,223
0,731
0,100
1,000
0,500
0,611
0,540
0,469
0,575
0,303
0,650
0.274
0,628
0,340
I 0,668
0,257
0,686
0,232.
0,700
0.216
0,713
0,075
1,000
0,500
0,590
0,532
0,445
0,560
0,368
0,584
0,319
0,606
0,284
0,626
0,257
0,643
0,236
0,659
0,218
0,673
0,204
0,686
0,05
1,000
0,500
0,565
0,522
0,415
0.543
0,338
0,561
0,290
0,579
0,257
0,595
0.232
0,609
0,213
0,623
0,197
0,635
0,184
0,647
0,025
1,000
0,500
0,535
0,511
0,378
0,523
0,300
0,534
0,252
0,544
0,219
0,554
0,191
0,563
0,178
0,672
0.164
0,581
0,152
0.589
0,603
0,391
..-
- -.-
-.....-....--
1ST
157
Centros de gravidade e momentos de inrcia de seces planas

Rectngulo
Tringulo
y=h/2
81-
vI
Ix= b h 112
.
t
y=h/3
A=bh/2
ytA}
A=bh
Crculo
x'
bl2 bl2
Semi-crculo
Ix
Ix.=bh/12
4Y
=1t r2
14
I=1tr
Ix= 0.1098 r4
4
Sector circular
-.y=-4r
A
Parbola
x= 2rsena
31t
t@:j-
18
Iy=1tT
Quano de crculo I
y= 31t
4r
A=1tr2f2
v:tc;QJ
=b h33136
3a
=1t r2/4
I
4
Ix=1tr/16
Parbola
=a r2
x =3 a/8
y=3b/5
vtlb
I
A=4ab/3
Parbola
y=2b/5
vtlb
Elipse
x=3a/4
vi'}I
Semi-Elipse
Quano de Elipse
A=1tab/2
y
-T-Ib
Ix = 0.110 a b
Iy= 0.393 a b
+--a-t
t4
3
Iy= 1t a b /4
ytx}
I
I
- ---------
x=4a/31t
y=4b/31t
A=1tab/4
Ix= 0.0549 a b
- -
Ix=1tab/4
I a I a I
:f8-,
A=ab/3
A=1tab
1Y
y=3b/1O
a
A=2ab/3
Iy= 0.0549 a3 b
158
1ST
Volumes e momentos de inrcia de slidos

Esfera
Cilindro
=7tr2 h
2
2
Ix =m (3 r + h ) /12
v
Iz =mr
Disco fino
Placa rectangular fina
Iz
Cone
tz
Y
! &lb
--.-
y=h/4
V =7tr2h /3
Y! /A!' .:...
....
Iz
=3 m r2/1O
=m r
12
.........
y=h/4
lb
V=Ah/3
IPrismarectangular
'
Iy= I x= m L2/12
L
Obelisco de bases rectangulares
Pirmide
Barra fina r
-f-
12
~F..~
v=
t~)~:~+
'x
Ix= (a2+ b2) m /12
I y= (b2 + c2 ) m /12
V/c
Iz= (a2+ c2) m /12
m - massa total do corpo
Grupo de Beto Armado c Pr-Esforado
1ST
159
Rigidez Elstica de Toro
I!
t-
-1
16
J=a; bh
3.36 l!.- (1 _
)]
b.
12 b4
3
'tmx=MtI (b h )
a;
1.0
0.141
0.208
1.2
1.5
2.0
2.5
0.166
0.219
0.196
0.229
0.249
0.231
0.246
0.258
3.0
0.263
0.267
4.0
5.0
10.0
0.281
0.291
0.312
0.282
0.291
0.312
0.333
0.333
00
@)
h4
[_
bh
b
h
fi
[6]
=1t ...L24
=1L2
't mx
(f4_ f)
e
I
't mx
.
;
Mt f
= ---Mt
fe
T
fe
G
'...'
U'
\.:..........--.......FI.........
\-............. l'
=2 1t f
't=
Mt fm
J
Am
J=
..
4A2
1t
m
ds
't=
Mt
2 Am t
---------------Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST
160
Pr-dimensionamento de fundaes directas
i. f'
Valores da tenso de segurana
do solo [9]
Tipo de Terreno
Rochas duras e ss
Rochas
Tenso de
Segurana
( IcN/m2)
.,
10000
Rochas pouco duras ou medianamente alteradas
3000
Rochas brandas ou muito alteradas
1000
Solo
seco
Solos
incoerentes
400 - 600 200 300
Areias e misturas areia-seixo.bem graduadas mas soltas
200 400
Areias uniformescompactas
200 -400
100 -200
100 -200
50 - 100
100 200
Solos coerentes muito duros
200 -400
Solos coerentes duros
100 - 200
Solos coerentes de consistncia mdia
50
Solos coerentesrijos
coerentes
Areias e misturas areia-seixo. bem graduadas e compactas
Areias uniformes soltas
Solos
Solo
submerso
400 600
- 100
--
-..
....
Grupo de Belo Annado e Pr-Esforado -
Resistncia e Deformabilidade
1ST
161
de solos
em funo dos resultados do SPT [8]
YIO~"
'I SII JIO
4(
..
..
11I11ua
11I nu.!
It
4(
JmI1I1Y11
-'8JJG )11
o
o
~
......
....
I
+
I
f
--
.,.
-
-'
~
...
..,.
--.e
.z..
C)
O
oo
..
+
.L
I
+
I
+
I
I
+
I
I
../...
I
-!
e...--
.,.'"
~~
1iI!-
...,=
...-...
...
---
s=
:E-
c-::;~
- ...
:~
...
-.
..
...-...
-- ...
.--e
in
...
....
Z
O
L
.. o
" ...
~
u
Z ..
>..
<i
..
c
.:
-.
...
c
;
.~
~
to
c
-e...
..
..a
SJ1nIS
~1i8J
l
I
I
I
\-
Jlftl1lnN -e
-."1 JI:i
.. SltIU" ~ I
I'
+
I
I
I
I
I
I
J
I
I
c...
- ..
e
.~
.,.
o
..
I
I
I
.,re~
-' .,.
-~...
..
::>
....
:E...~
...=
...in
o
...
sn...~fu
.,.
Yl'DS
r,
o
C)
o
o
o..
.
I
I
I
I
tI
.
!
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
+
I
I
.
.~
Q;
cri
_.1..
-....
C)
...
-.. ...
lf\
.
I
I
...
'-
..
-.
.:~
1IIIJI :::.
\.'~oo
01101'1
v>too
:-<
~
~- :: r:._
.L
I
I
C)
+
.J..
I
t
I
T
I
-..-o:
1 .,;
31H3.lSISNO:>
"ONV~9
162
Pr-dimensionamento
1ST
de estacas [7]
QUADRO DE VALORES A ADOPTAR NA ELABORAO DE ANTE-PROJECTOS

(a corrigir aps conhecimento das caracterrsticas
do terreno e outras condies focais)
N!!.
Srmbolo
e
unidade
Denominao
Di.imetro
Seco
,
3
lume,
450
520
600
S
(cm2)
731
990
1295
1590
2124
2827
V
(m3)
0,08
0,10
0,13
0,16
0,22
0,29
96
112
128
141
163
188
L
(cm)
Momento de inrcia
I
(cm4)
42403
: 77 823
Peso,
P
(ton)
0,18
0,25
Armadura
mllima
J,.,.5
='oa
'g.a
SJ,.,bD
<6
9
406
Permetro
por metro
10
COCIJ.
'lQ.oas
Sou
ClJU)o
::r:3N
11
7:! Do
-oU')
()
Aa
rea de Cerro
normais
355
por metro
de estacas
305
(mm)
",
Tipos
(cm2)
133 137 201289

0,32
358908
-;
636172
0,40
0,53
0,70
516
516
6JJ16
12
12
16
4,52
4,52
8,04
10,00
10,00 . 12,.10
Peso por
metro
Pa
(kg)
3,56
3,56
6,32
7,90
7,90
9,48
N!!. de metros,
por metro
c
(m)
10
11
12
Pc
(kg)
1,34
1,78
2,00
2,22
2,44
2,66
Peso. por
metro
12
Carga de servio mx.

axial de compresso
N
(ton)
35
50
70
90
120
160
13
Solicitao
de traco
N'
(ton)
10
14
17
22
3U
14
Momento fiector
resistente
(N = O)
M
(ton. 01)
0,8
1, O
1,7
2,3
3,0
6,7
15
Solicitao, mx. normal,

horizontal na cabea
T
(ton)
0,4
0,5
1, O
1,5
2,0
3,0
16
Afastamento mfu. entre

eixos de estacas
e
(m)
1,00
1,10
1,20
1,40
1,50
1,80
17
Profundidades
H
(01)
12
16
22
25
35
35
m:'ix. axial
mximas
COlllprimento elstico de estacas [8]

L
equ.
=0.388 0 V -E beto
E solo
Grupo de Belo Annado c Pr-Esforado -
Sapatas Rectangulares
Flexo Composta Desviada

ZONAS
0'1 =
0'4
A, B e C (tenses nos cantos)

N+P
1 a b
=- 4 0'1
163
Clculo de tenses no solo [3]

Seco no resistente traco
ZONA D (tenso no pomo interno 5)
s;-
O'adm
(fictcia)
0'2
sena
= 0'1 - (O' 1 - 0'4) sen a+ cos a
0'3
= b}
. 1
1ST
c.(O'} - 0'4)
O's =
N+P
S;O'adm
s a b
cos a
sena+ cos a
1
I
I
T
0.200
+
i
I
1
I
iI
'Ix
--
-----
Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado-
164
1ST
Resistncia ao esforo transverso de seces circulares
[10]
de =0.450+0.64(d-
~ )
be = 0.9 0
rd
1
0m
<=>
DI-:
bme
=0.785 0m
bme=0.785 0m
de
t
+""2

Estados Limites Utilizaçao

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--

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Estados Limites de Deformao

[4] - CEB, Manual on Cracking and Deformations, Bulletin D'Information

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST

Mtodo dos coeficientes globais [4]

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Clculode deformaes Mtodo dos coeficientesglobais [4]

Mo > Mcr (Estado lI)

MD> Mcr (Estado lI)

Mo> M cr (Estado II)

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Mtodo dos coeficientes globais [4]

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado

Estados Limites de Deformao

[4] - CEB, Manual on Cracking and Defomlations, Bulletin D'Infonnation

Grupo de Belo Annado e Pr-Esforado -

--\ p'/ p . 0.5

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Grupo de Beto Annadoe Pr-Esforado -

coeficiente k cpl [4]

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

T~DI ' '1 '-~

...:::: p'l p - 0.25

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado

0.8 s;d/h s; 1.0

1/'- ' .A y"

'" , " ,!y

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

0.8 S;d I h S;1.0

coeficiente k csl [4]

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

coeficiente k cs2 [4]

-,..=--= ............ P'! p - 0.5

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado - 1ST

Clculo de Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

13= As2/ ASl = O

Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

= As2/ As1 = 0.5

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Seces Rectangulares - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

SecesRectangulares - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Armado e Pr-Esforado -

Clculo de Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

Secesem T - Tenses em Estado Fendilhado

Grupo de Beto Annado e Pr-Esforado -

Flexo Composta com Compresso

- - _ - _uo _ou_