STRAIGHTNESS OF LINES & SURFACES

Training By Kishor Bhatia

STRAIGHTNESS OF LINES & SURFACES

STRAIGHTNESS SYMBOL

STRAIGHTNESS
DEFINITION:

Straightness is a condition where an element of a surface or an edge is in a straight line.

TYPICAL USE:

Typically used to control the form of cylindrical or conical surfaces. The straightness requirement applies to the entire surface.

STRAIGHTNESS

Straightness tolerance is specified on a drawing by means of a feature control symbol, which is directed by a leader to the line requiring control.
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INTERPRETATION
The lines should be straight within 0.05 mm. This means that the line should be contained within a tolerance zone consisting of the area between two parallel straight lines in the same plane , separated by the specified tolerance.
0.05

STRAIGHTNESS

STRAIGHTNESS CHECKING WITH A STRAIGHT EDGE

MEASURING Straightness can be measured by bringing a straight edge in contact with the line, and determining the space between the straight edge and the line.

MEASURING
Straightness includes all errors of form, such as concavity, convexity, waviness, tool marks and other such imperfections.

If the feature tends towards convexity the height of the tolerance zone is measured where the least possible straightness error results.

STRAIGHTNESS
ON CYLINDRICAL SURFACES

STRAIGHTNES ERRORS IN A CYLINDRICAL SURFACE

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STRAIGHTNESS
ON PROFILED SURFACES o A straight tolerance when applied to the surface, controls surface elements only.
o It controls bending or a wavy condition of the surface, or a barrel shaped part. o Straightness not necessarily control the straightness of the centerline, norconicity of the cylinder.

STRAIGHTNESS

MEASUREMENT OF STRAIGHTNESS

MEASURING PRINCIPLE
The part is set up by suitable means, such as V-blocks on a surface plate, with the surface to be evaluated closely parallel to the plate. Readings are then taken at various points along the surface.

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STRAIGHTNESS

INTERPRETATION Each line element of the surface shall be contained with in a tolerance zone consisting of the space between two parallel planes, separated by the width of the specified tolerance, when the part is rolled along one of the planes.

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STRAIGHTNESS
ON CONICAL SURFACES

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STRAIGHTNESS
ON FLAT SURFACES

A straightness tolerance indicates in one direction only.

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STRAIGHTNESS

FLAT SURFACES The straightness tolerances may all be shown on a single view by indicating the direction with short lines terminated by arrow heads.

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STRAIGHTNESS

MEASURING PRINCIPLE Straightness of a flat surface could be checked by laying a straightedge along the part, and measuring any resultant space.

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STRAIGHTNESS
ON REGULAR POLYGONS

Straightness tolerance applies to all of the longitudinal surfaces. For all other shapes it applies only to those surfaces indicated unless otherwise specified.

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STRAIGHTNESS
STRAIGHTNESS IN A SPECIFIED LENGTH

o o

The expression 0.2/50 does not mean 0.2mm per 50mm of length. It means 0.2 mm in any 50mm long portion of the part.
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Indicates straightness within 0.2mm for the full length. Not to exceed 0.05mm in any 25mm length.

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THANK YOU

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