Sport Dictionary PDF

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)
-1-
Athletics
Since the simple foot races, jumping, discus and javelin events that marked the early
Games in Greece, the basic tests of speed and strength have remained a key element of
the modern Olympics.
Athletics was an integral part of the first Athens Games in 1896, with medals awarded for
the 100m, 1,500m, 110m hurdles, marathon, long jump, triple jump, pole vault, discus,
shot put and high jump.
The International Amateur Athletic Federation was founded in 1912 by 17 national athletic
federations.
At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, women's events - 100m, 800m, 4x100m, high jump,
and discus - were included on the programme for the first time.
The USA won nine of the 11 gold medals on offer in the 1896 Games and they remain the
powerhouse nation of the sport.
Jesse Owens was the first real star of the track, becoming a legendary figure following his
four gold medals and six world records at the 1936 Berlin Games.
The African-American's achievements were all the more telling as they took place in front
of Adolf Hitler.
With the demands of training and competing pushed to a new level, the IAAF - which had
abandoned the traditional concept of amateurism in 1982 - allowed trust funds for athletes
in 1985.
In 1997 the IAAF offered prize money to successful athletes for the first time in the history
of its competitions.
The other topic that has dogged athletics, as it has so many sports in recent years, is
drugs.
It was at the 1988 Seoul Olympics that the issue hit the headlines around the world as
Canada's Ben Johnson left Lewis trailing with a stunning time of 9.79secs in the 100m
-2-
final, before failing a drugs test.

There have been plenty more high-profile track and field stars to test positive in the
intervening years, but so far athletics has been able to retain its position as the focal point
of the Olympic Games.
MEDAL TABLE (Top five)
Country
Men (since 1896)
USA
Gold
Silver
Bronze Total
267
197
163
627
Finland
Great Britain
Soviet Union
48
43
37
33
63
37
38
43
42
119
149
116
Sweden
17
Women (since 1928)
USA
43
Soviet Union
34
East Germany
24
25
41
83
25
29
23
20
35
21
88
98
68
Australia
Germany
10
12
12
16
34
38
12
10
projection of the
throwing shoulder
1,500 m (m. w)
, )1500 (
10,000 m (m. w)
, )10000 (
propel (to)
100 m (m. w)
, )100 (
pull action
100 m hurdles (w)
)100 (
pull-off
110 m hurdles (m)
)110 (
push off the pole (to)
20 km walk (m. w)
, )20 (
200 m (m. w)
( , )200
-3-
push-off by the leg

put (to)
3,000 m steeplechase (m)
( , )3000
put the shot (to)
3,000 m steeplechase track
3000
putting
4 x 100 m relay (m. w)
( )100 4
putting circle
4 x 400 m relay (m. w)
( )100 4
putting phase
400 m (m. w)
( )400
race
400 m hurdles (m)
( )400
race director
race walking
5,000 m (m. w)
( )5000
50 km walk (m)
( )50
800 m (m. w)
abstention
acceleration
acceleration zone
accelerative phase
( )800

radius lines of sector

raise the bar (to)
rebound (to)
recall a runner (to)
recall shot
recall starter ; re-caller

( )

action in the air
active gripping
red flag
additional trial
red sign
adjustment of startingblocks
airborne phase
record the trials (to)
referee for walking

events
refreshment station
amortization phase
Re-hydration station
anchor man
( )
relay
anchor man (relay)
( )
relay baton ; relay

stick
-4-
anemometer
angle of approach
angle of delivery
( )

,
relay race
relay runner
relay team
angle of release
relay team
composition
angle of the take-off
relay zone
angular velocity
release
announce the lap times (to)
apex
release with a jump

turn (to)
( )
release with two-leg

support (to)
apparatus
approach
reserve timekeeper
retire from the race

(to)
approved by IAAF
arc
arc
area
arrangement of heats
arrangement of lanes
assistant photo-finish judge

assisting wind
attempt
average lap-time
avoid (to)
-5-
required standard
reverse
reverse of legs
reverse phase
ricochet (to)
road event
rotate (to)
rotation
rotation (of hammer)
( )
rotation axis
rotation phase
)The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic
rotational movement
rotational speed
rules / refereeing
run
)run across (to
runner
running
running jump
running rhythm
running style
run-up
run-up
run-up
run-up area
run-up mark
run-up mark
runway
runway
axis
axis of rotation
back straight
back straight runner
back wind
back-front balance
ball of the foot
bar
bar clearance
barrier
basic speed
baton
baton passing
baton passing while

standing still
bell ringing
belt
bend
)bend (to
safe takeover
bend runner
safety cage
bend running
safety zone
bend running
)sag (to
sag of the bar
-6-
bend technique
bent position
binding (of the javelin)

block
body angle
border of the track
box in a runner (to)
break a tie (to)

break away
break away (to)
break line
sand leveler
scissors jump
second trial
second twirling
sector flag
sequence
set !
sharpen the pace (to)
shorten the stride (to)
broken pole
shot
broom wagon
shot
buffer
shot area ; shot circle
buffer
shot put (m. w)
bumping
bunch
shot putting facility

simple leaning phase ;
single support phase
cadence
skid (to)
cage
skip
call room
sleeping leg
call room
space between the

hurdles
carbon pole
catapulting action
catch up (to)
change of legs
-7-
speed of release
spike
spiked shoes
spin
( , )

change of pace
spin (to)
changing pace
sponging station
check marks
chief judge of walking

chief timekeeper
chopping of stride
spring
sprint
sprint
sprint (to)
circle
sprinter
circle
stage
circle for discus throwing
stagger
circle for hammer throwing
staggered start
stamp board
circle for shot putting
circle for throwing events

circuit
circular path
clear (to)
clear a height of... (to)
stand throw
standing jump
standing long jump
standing start
start of the curve
clear the bar (to)
start of the final

straight
clear the height (to)
starter
clear the hurdle (to)
clearance
-8-
( )

starter's assistant
starter's gun
clearance of the hurdle
starter's stand
cleared trial
starting line
close finish
starting order
starting pistol
commencement of flight
starting place
concentric circles
starting shot
coming up out of the legs

throw
concentric lines
starting-blocks
condition of track
stationary position
contact phase
stay leaning (to)
contact with the ground

(walking)
control mark
( )

steeple ; steeplechase
steeplechase hurdle
control measurement
steeplechase runner ;
steeplechaser ;
steepler
cover the distance (to)
step
cross step
step over (to)
cross wind
step over (to)
crouch start
curve
step over a hurdle (to)

step over the take-off
board (to)
curved starting line
stop-board
dash
straddle jump
decathlete
straight
-9-
decathlon (m)
( )
stretching
decline a trial (to)
stride
decline a trial (to)
stride rate
decrease in speed
dgagement
delay the start (to)
delivery
delivery of the shot
direct path
direction
direction (throwing events)

discus
discus area ; discus circle

discus cage
( )
stumble at a hurdle
(to)
substitute
support for crossbar
supporting leg
surface
sweep the right leg
(to)
swing
swinging arm
swinging leg
swinging of the left
arm
swip (to)
( )
discus delivery
synthetic surfaced
track ; synthetic track
discus path
tactical running
discus throw
tail
discus throw (m. w)
discus throwing facility

dislodge the bar (to)
( , )
- 10 -
take a run-up (to)
take a trial (to)

take off (to)
disposition of the hurdles
take up the starting

position (to)
distance between the

hurdles
take-off
distance between the

runners
take-off board
distance man
take-off leg
take-off line
distance marker
distorsion
do a foot fault (to)
takeover
takeover judge
takeover mark
drag the hammer (to)
takeover mark
draw back of the arm
takeover zone
double leaning phase ;

double support phase
draw back the javelin (to)
draw of lots
technique / tactics
thickness of the
discus
drawing for stations
third jump
drawing for the lanes
throw
drinking station
throw (to)
drive (to)
early part of the flight path
edge of the track
effect of pulling downwards

eliminated jumper
- 11 -
throw in rotation
throw in translation
thrower (discus,
javelin, hammer)
throwing
throwing action
( , , , )
end of the bend
throwing area
end of the foot
throwing arm
end of the takeover zone

entry standards
events
extension arm
facilities / equipment
facility
failed attempt
failure to participate
fall
fall backwards (to)
fall behind (to)
throwing circle
throwing direction
throwing field
throwing from the

spot
throwing motion
throwing phase
throwing rotation ;
throwing turn
throwing sector
tight finish
time in the "set"

position
time schedule of the
run
" "
fall of the implement
timekeepers' stand
fall of the pole
tip
false start
toe-board
feeding station
trace
field events judge
trace
field events judge
track
final bend
final call
- 12 -
track and field

meeting
track event
( )

final lap
final speeding
finish
track judge on the

bend
track shoes
track umpire
finish (to)
trail (to)
finish judge
trail one's leg

alongside a hurdle (to)
finish time
finishing post
first (second, third, fourth)

runner
first call
first runner (relay)
flat race
flexibility of the pole
( , , )

( )

trajectory of an
implement
transition into single
support
translation
trial
trial jump
trial put
triple jump
flexion of the body
triple jump (m. w)
flexion of the legs
triple jump runway
triple jumper
flight
flight phase
flight the javelin (to)
flying start
following wind
foot fault
foot plant
- 13 -
turn
( , )
turn (to)
turning
twisting action
umpire
unfair start
foot sole
forked stick
fosbury flop
fosbury style
foul (to)
unsuccessful trial
unwind to the left (to)
uprights
valid trial
vaulting pole
victory lap
foul jump
foul throw
walk
fraction of the distance
walk course
fraction of the distance
walker
fraction of time
walking event
warm-up run
free arm
free leg
free space
front runner
front wind
full throw
water ditch
water jump
water jump barrier

whipcord grip of
javelin
white flag
funnel judge and recorder
wide grip
funnel stewards
wind gauge operator
give the start (to)
give way (to)
go outside (to)
go outside the takeover
zone (to)
wind up
wrong style of walking
wrong style of walking
- 14 -
zone limit flag
gradual acceleration
leave the lane (to)
grip
leave the track (to)
grip
left-right balance
grip (to)
leg stretching
grip height
grip of the javelin
grounding of the legs
group
hammer
hammer area ; hammer
circle
hammer grip ; hammer
handle
hammer throw
hammer throw (m. w)
legs position at the

start
length of the jump
length of the run-up

length of the stride
( )
lengthen the stride (to)
lift and rotate
line
( , )
line of takeover zone
long distance
hammer throwing cage
long jump (m. w)
( , )
hammer throwing facility
long jump facility
long jump runway
hammer wire
hand shift
hand-over
hang on to the opponent (to)
- 15 -
long jumper
long race ; longdistance runner
long-distance race
head of the javelin
lose contact (to)
headwind
lose contact with the

ground (to)
headwind
low hurdle
heat leader
heat leader
low position
low start
height of jump
main group
height of the bar
maintain the lead (to)
maintain the pace (to)

; maintain the stride
rate (to)
heptathlete
heptathlon (w)
( )
marathon
high hurdle
marathon (m. w)
high jump
high jump (m. w)
( , )
marathon entrance
marathon runner
high jump facility
marathoner
mark
high point
mark made in a throw
high point of the flight path
marked track
hip number
hit the check mark (to)
hit the take-off board (to)
( )
- 16 -
( , )

marathon course
high jump area
high jumper
marker of the best

throw
marking
marking line
hitch-kick
marshal
hold of the implement
marshal
holding of the javelin
marshal
home bend
home straight
hop
hop and step jumper
hop, skip and jump
( )
massed start
measurement
measurement judge
measurement of field
events
measurement of
implements
hug the curb (the kerb) in

the turn (to)
measuring ;
measuring rod
hug the curb (to)
measuring tape
measuring tape
hurdle
hurdle jump
metal point
hurdle race
middle-distance race
hurdler
middle-distance
runner
minimum height
( )
misfire of the gun ;

misfire of the starting
pistol
hurdling technique
IAAF (International
Association of Athletics
Federations)
ideal line of running
impede a runner (to)
non-support phase
" "
nourishing mixture
impetus ; impulse
implement
- 17 -
netting
number of lane
implement flight
impression
in echelon start
incoming runner
number of laps
obstacle
obstruction
off sector
increase the stride rate (to)
on your marks !
initial height
obstruct (to)
increase the lead (to)
index and middle finger grip
opposite wind
orbit
oscillation
outdistance (to)
inner border
outgoing runner
( )
inner edge of the track
outside border ;
outside edge of the
track
initial impetus
initial turn
( )

inner lane
outside lane
inside edge
overlap (to)
inspection of the apparatus
overlap (to)
overstep
overtake (to)
intermediate time
internal diameter of the
circle
International Amateur
Athletic Federation (IAAF)
interrupt a trial (to)
invalid attempt
pace
pace of run
pacemaker
- 18 -
javelin
javelin grip
javelin runway
javelin shaft
javelin throw (m. w)
javelin throwing facility

jostle (to)
judge for field events
pack
partial average time
pass (to)
pass a trial (to)
( , )
passing of the baton

outside the board ;
outside the takeover
zone
passing zone
pegs
judge for jumping events
performance indicator
zone
judge for throwing events
zone
judge for track events
zone
judge for walking events
photo finish
judges' stand at the finish
photo-finish camera
jump (to)
jump a hurdle (to)
photo-finish judge
pile on the pace (to)
jump safe (to)
pit
jumper
pivot
jumping facility
pivoting
jumping height
placing of the bar
- 19 -
jumping post ; jumping

upright
placing of the
obstacles
jumping sector
plant the foot (to)
jumping shoe
planting box
keep up the pace (to)
planting of the pole
kerb
plasticine
knee lock-out
plasticine board
knock down a hurdle (to) ;

knock over a hurdle (to)
knock down the bar (to)
pole
pole break
lag behind (to)
pole planting
land (to)
pole vault
landing
landing
landing (after the hurdle)
pole vault (m. w)

pole vault runway
pole vaulter
landing area
post
landing area
posts marking the

finish line
landing cushion
landing leg
landing mat
landing sector
landing zone
powerful extension
practice throw
( )

practice trial
practice trial
- 20 -
preliminary swing
(discus)
( )
lane
lane
lane change
lane marker
lane race ; lane running

lap
lap (to)
lap card
lap of honour
preliminary swing
(hammer)
lay the foot (to)
lead
( )

lead (to)
lead by one lap (to)
lead by x seconds (to)

lead leg
lead with the left

shoulder (to)
leader
lap scorer
leading bunch
lap scorer
leading group
last competitor
leading leg
last competitor
leading of the track
last relay runner

last trial
lateral wind
- 21 -
leaning of the foot

leap
leap (to)
Rowing
coxless pair
FISA (International
Rowing Federation)
pair
blade form
boathouse
coxless four
rigging
run
aligner
sax board
forward reach
pitch
blade angle
stern
schedule of races
boat cover
eight with coxswain

(m. w)
, )
(
/
tight finish
judge at the finish
early at the catch (to)
judge at the start
damage
heel security strap
rowing
outboard
sculling
inboard (of the oar)
sculling oar
line of sight
sweep boat
1,000-metre line
1000
1,500-metre line
1500
spare oar
- 22 -
rudder main piece

pin of oarlock
port
buoys
Albano System
buoy (to)
rudder
foot rudder
500-metre line
500
length of boat
length of stroke
course length
neck-and-neck race
shaft
rubber grip
number of strokes
steer (to)
bow number
( )
cox (to)
boat number
gate
blade
coxswain
cox
cover (water) (to)

oar
prone coxswain
lying coxswain
sweep oar
course
weighing
sculling boat
square blade
boat weighing-in
team boat
drive phase
umpire's boat
foot stretcher
boat evenly balanced
floor board
launch
boat number
boatman
bank
- 23 -
gunwale
lightweight
handle
side
deck
dock
white buoy
pontoon
yellow buoy
disembarking dock
starting pontoon
embarking pontoon
out pontoon
rigger
buoy
puddle
bow ball
rigger bolt
backstop
rudder cable
number plate holder
rating of strokes
megaphone
stroke rate
finish position
cadence
catch
depth
rowing course
blade cover
course
stroke
),
(
bow
quad
quadruple sculls (m.

)w
)(
)coxless four (m

)(

boat class
team manager
rules of racing
swinging
lightweight coxless
)four (m
blade neck
coxless four
button
- 24 -
runners
)row (to
control commission
)row to portside (to
stroke meter
)row to starboard (to
stroke watch
)scull (to
boat design
oarsman ; oarswoman
boat builder
slide control

,
,

sculler
bowman
shell
regatta
slide
rules / refereeing
sliding
)rig (to
traffic rules
trailer
stroke
repechage
)postpone (to
cross-bracing
oarlock
recovery
)get out (to
boot
)land (to
without coxswain
)dock (to
coxless
seat
sliding seat
rowing seat
lane
startlane
collision
coxswain's seat
wake
- 25 -
team delegate
half-length lead
)back (to
quick start
fin
)drift (to
single
) ,(
)double sculls (m. w
extraction
),
(
lightweight double sculls

)(m. w
boat rack
oar rack
deadweight
technique / tactics
boat holder
draw
finish tower
)wash out (the finish
)(to
)feather (to
)feather the blades (to
) ,(

boat stretcher
sling
starboard
)single sculls (m. w

cross-wash
head wind
following wind
),
(

pair without coxswain
)coxless pair (m. w

course distance
white flag
choppy water
rigger nut
eliminating heat
crab
)launch (to
in line
sprint
spread
time-trial
events
crew
ergometer
dead heat
- 26 -
air shot
International Rowing
Federation (FISA)
plumbline
finish of stroke
tail wind
side wind
100-metre zone
100
cool-down area
warming-up area
Badminton
events
stroke
serving side
shot
women's doubles
net shot
men's doubles
round-the-head stroke
- 27 -
mixed doubles
brush shot
women's singles
cut shot
men's singles
uppercut
defensive stroke
forecourt
white tape
base
cable of the net
frame
forehand stroke
forehand
straight shot ; straight

stroke
underarm shot ;
underhand shot
overhead shot ;
overhead stroke
winner
half court shot
end
crosscourt drive
side
backhand drive
receiving side
serving side
sash
umpire's chair
strings
cord (net)
string (racket)
alley

( )
( )
drive
straight drive
sliced
cut stroke
cut (to)
triangular defense
clear
cross clear
backcourt ; back alley
attacking clear
feather crown (feathers)
low clear
- 28 -
line
boundary line
white line
baseline
service line
short service line
long service line for doubles
long service line for singles
sideline
doubles sideline
sideline for doubles, for

singles
centre line
shaft
forehand clear
defensive clear
high clear
backhand clear
straight clear
clear (to)
half smash
footwork
diagonal footwork
side footwork
backward footwork
forward footwork
wrist action
,
,
feather
rally
post
spin
underarm
racket
hitting area ; hitting surface

scoreboard
court
- 29 -
wrong foot (to)
deception
deceive (to)
doubles court
singles court
racket head
head
shuttlecock
non-feathered shuttlecock
natural-feathered
shuttlecock
lunge
forward lunge
side lunge
close the racket face

(to)
wobble
backhand zone
cut off (to)
left service court
game
net game ; net play
offensive game
net player ; net rusher
rules / refereeing
hit (to)
intercept (to)
right service court
strike (to)
forehand zone
doubles service court
badminton player
unseeded player
call (to)
referee
defensive lob
interval
offensive lob
advantage
changing sides
shuttlecock controller
offensive stroke
- 30 -
lob
high service
attacking
open the racket face
(to)
pair
out !
wild card entry
second game
double hit
right to serve
deuce ! (5 all !)
receiver pair ;
receiving pair
serving pair
warm-up period
point of impact
carry (to)
position of readiness
straight elimination
service position
elimination tournament
smash position
invasion
backswing
invade (to)
grip
service court error
forehand grip
obstruct (to)
backhand grip
fault !
frying-pan grip
foot fault
pronation
service fault
closed racket face
unforced error
open racket face
forced error
receiver
International Badminton
Federation (IBF)
receive (to)
IBF (International
Badminton Federation)
recover (to)
doubles play
return (to)
singles play
recovery
- 31 -
play !
! ,
return
line judge ; linesman
backhand stroke
service judge
backhand
record (to)
order of service
penalty
lose the service (to)
let !
game point
match point !
match point
first server
server (first, second)

service
serve ; service
short service
low service
forehand low service
long service
deep service
flick ; flick service
first game
serve (to)
setting
smash
umpire coordinator
round-the-head smash
backhand smash
service over !
straight smash
cut smash
second service !
hand signal
backhand low service
first service
line judge coordinator
( , )
jump smash
draw
smash (to)
coin toss
supination
third game
- 32 -
split
love
service area
technique / tactics
wood shot
follow through (to)
drop ; drop shot
net drop
back and front

formation
side-by-side formation
side formation
formation
combination double
formation
touch
shuttlecock trajectory
swing (to)
frame shot
slow drop
service court
sliced drop
change of ends
backhand drop
service over
straight drop
change ends (to)
fast drop
timing
swing
- 33 -
receiving side
Baseball & Softball

events
in the park home run

tied
baseball : tournament (m)
softball : tournament (w)
dugout
- 34 -
lineup
starting line-up
full count
inherited runners
tie the game (to)
last base touched
third base dugout
dirt warming track

bat weight
donut
last bat
second base
bottom of the inning
manager
on-deck bat weight
double
baseball
double play (DP)
modified pitch
grip
elastic band
side fence
base
putout (PO)
strike-out (SO)
put out (to)
retire a runner (to)
throw out a runner (to)
bag
hitting coach
dislodged base
pitching coach
bat
head coach
warm-up bat
batting team
fungo bat
defensive team
altered bat
fielding team
ball cap
home team
cap
error (E)
felt cap
be put out (to)
rule out (to)
on-deck circle
pitcher's circle
outfield
- 35 -
foul off (a pitch) (to)

ejection
infield
sanitary hose
spiked shoes
fence
score runs (to)

foul !
foul ball
International Baseball
Federation (IBAF)
International Softball
Federation (ISF)
outfield fences
protective cup
balk
stitches (of a ball)
box score
spike
lineup card
horsehide
force out (to)
diamond
pitching screens
crest
cover (of a ball)
yarn
backstop
batting glove
first baseman's mitt
fielder's glove
forfeited game
hit (H)
one-base single hit
designated hitter (DH)
pinch hitter (PH)
grand slammer
big inning
out of the park home

run
foul
mitt
outside the park
- 36 -
hit by pitch (HBP)
catcher's glove ; catcher's

mitt
frame
IBAF (International
Baseball Federation)
leg guard
strap
cork (of the ball)
foul line
first base coach
third base coach
( )
interference
ISF (International
Softball Federation)
first base line
baseman
third base line
centre fielder (CF)
outfielder (OF)
base line
boundary fences
pitching machine
ineligible player
undershirt
left on base (LOB)
team shirt
replacement player
extra player
plate
fair, the batter is out !
home base ; home plate
outside pitch
mound
pitcher's mound
pitch-out
illegal pitch
web
no pitch
piping
winning pitcher
warning track
losing pitcher
bullpen
bullpen (PEN)
pitcher's plate ; pitcher's

rubber
right-field foul line
rubber (plate)
left field foul line
slab
one-meter line
( )
players' roster
pocket (of a glove)
- 37 -
basket (of the glove)

handle
knob
foul line post
( )

inning
extra inning
additional inning
innings pitched (IP)
foul pole
first base
score a run (to)
first bat
official scorer
called game
tied game
throat protector
scoring
coach's box
batter's box
regular game
catcher's box
suspended game
bat bag
foul territory
ball bag
half inning
base path
batting average
three-foot line
fielding average
stirrup sock
heel (of the glove)
batting tee
field

( )
earned run average

(ERA)
not to pitch (to)
on error (OE)
total base (TB)
playing field
total at plate
grounds
obstruction
- 38 -
foul territory
tee-ball
batting cage
uniform
catcher obstruction
on-field officials
batting order
turn at bat
home uniform
seventh-inning stretch
away uniform
home
team uniform
visor
fair territory
rules / refereeing
run (R)
issue a walk (to)
tie-breaker
scored run
earned run (ER)
score
runs batted in (RBI)
away
clean-up
fielding percentage
award a base (to)
on-base percentage
walk a batter (to)
win-loss percentage
foul bunt
call (to)
top of the X inning

strike
call a ball (to)
double header
call a strike (to)
catcher
dead ball appeal

field umpire
second base umpire
batting record
infield fly rule
- 39 -
designated hitter rule
first base umpire
save rule
third base umpire
legal
umpire-in-chief
overthrow
plate umpire
reserve
home umpire
regulation game
base umpire
out !
time !
caught stealing (CS)
valid catch
strike a batter out (to)
lead
re-entry
live ball
out
play ball !
automatic put out
foul fly ball
force-out
dead ball
safe
passed ball (PB)
save
stolen base (SB)
keystone
consecutive game
playing streaks
full bases ; loaded bases
consecutive game
hitting streaks
bats checked
on second base
intervening bases
batters faced (BF)
hitting area
time at bat
third base
baseball desk
hot corner
base on balls
fair
fair ball ; fair fly ; fair fly ball
- 40 -
single
intentional base on balls ;

intentional pass ; intentional
walk
base stealing
right field
dead ball area/territory
left field
strike zone
choice of dugout
letup
- 41 -
Basketball
events
increase the lead (to)
women's tournament
crossing movement
men's tournament
combination defence ;
combined defence
floating defence
full-court man-to-man
press defence
mixed defence
basket ring
backdoor
rim of the basket
get free (to) ; get in the

open (to)
edge of the backboard

inside edge of the boundary
lines
freethrow lane
ball rack
restraining circle
- 42 -
half-court man-to-man
press defence
ring
twenty-four-second device
get free from the

opponent (to)
two points
disconcert the free
thrower (to)
double screen
double fake
double pivot
hoop
centre circle
jump circle ; jumping circle

basketball shoe
dribble with both

hands simultaneously
dribble with
alternating hands
control dribble
spin dribble
ankle support
roll dribble
game clock
spread the defence

(to)
break away (to)
twenty-four-second clock
undergarment
cord
basket net
baseline
free throw line ; free-shot
line
demarcation line
sideline
three-point line
eight-second line
screen away
running screen
outside screen
stationary screen
inside screen
moving screen
block out
dunk (to)
jam (to)
/ ,
mid-court line
stuff (to)
centre line
ball spin
- 43 -
put in play (to) ; put

)into play (to
roll
team list
basket
defensive balance
opponent's basket
offensive balance
backboard ; board
)avoid the block (to

criss-cross
)figure eight (to
)pass and cut (to

)pass and screen (to
dummy
ball fake
personal foul marker

foul marker
support
own basket
backboard support
minor official's table
court
body fake
rebound triangle
head fake
fore court
fake shot
backcourt
)fake (to
)dummy (to
line-up
three-second area
three-point field goal area
3-second area ; 3-second

lane
shooting form
paint
)tap (to) ; tap in (to
key hole ; key
)tip (to) ; tip-in (to
- 44 -
restricted area
run out the clock (to)
rules / refereeing
grant a time-out (to)

trip an opponent (to)
kill the clock (to)
freeze the ball (to)
intercept the ball (to)
steal the ball (to)
steal
lead official
interfere with the ball

(to)
trapping the ball
two-man play
trail official
guard
floor wiperman
lost ball
game schedule
change of basket
starting five
team line-up
five fouls by player
outside play
centre play
post play
inside play
passive play
play basket-ball (to)

all-round player
unguarded player
team roster
guarded player
- 45 -
pivot play
fifth foul
incidental contact
player making a field

goal try
occasional contact ;
occasional touching
hand checking
start of game
time in
record the time (to)
tough defense
two-hand shot
missed free throw
shoot (to)
throw on the run (to)

free throw
successful free throw
time limit for free throw
bank shot (to)
five-second count
passing line
twenty-four-second count
eight-second count
time-out request
request substitution (to)
handle the ball (to)

miss (to)
miss the basket (to)
guarding
request a time-out (to)
tight man-to-man
signalling of player fouling
close man-to-man
designation of the offender
two free throws

guarding distance
doubles ; double dribble
double foul
illegal dribble
tight man-to-man
guarding
tight guarding
guard close (to)
guard from the rear

(to)
guard an opponent
(to)
- 46 -
guard (to)
time limit for substitution
illegal screening
touch the free-throw line (to)

opening jump ; opening
toss
jump ball
refereeing corps
make a goal (to)
score (to) ; score a

field goal (to)
close match
misplaced pass
bad ball handling

playmaker
visiting team
put in play (to) ; put

into play (to)
home team
putting the ball into

play
inbound (to)
drive the ball (to)
intentional foul
move
player foul
gap
team foul
basket
disqualifying foul
goal not made
multiple foul
winning basket
offensive foul
passing
International Basketball
Federation (FIBA)
two-hand pass
FIBA (International
Basketball Federation)
two-hand chest pass
charge a time out (to)
three-second rule violation

rule violation
- 47 -
bounce pass
one-hand pass
back pass
goal tending
delaying the game
first five player ; starting
team player
offender
free shot ; free throw ; foul
shot
additional free throw
multiple free throws
over shoulder pass

lead pass
low pass
around-the-back pass
behind-the-back pass
baseball pass
one-hand baseball
pass
running
chest pass
travel (to)
assist
travelling
pass back
walking
spot pass
guard from the rear
official scorer
basketball game ; basketball
match
practice match
fumble
time
lob pass ; lob
( )
hook pass
( )
drop pass
- 48 -
jump dump pass ;

jump pass
follow the pass (to)
long pass
goal average
hand-off
point average
overhead pass
blocking of the ball
table official
twenty-four-second (clock)
operator
three-point field goal
rolled ball
cross pass
diagonal pass
give-and-go
awarded basket
pass to the centre (to)
disallowed basket
pass to the side (to)
cancel score
passer
successful basket (shot)
forfeited game
charge
intermission
period
switching
drive
power drive
drive (to)
break
break behind the

defender
centre breakaway
upward flight
cut (to)
downward flight of the ball
break (to)
play-off
- 49 -
break through (to)
marker (five fouls)

posession of ball
middle post
penetrate (to)
lose the ball (to)
turnover
overtime ; overtime period
front foot
extra period ; extra time
take-off foot
rule overtime (to)
charge an opponent (to)

leave the court (to)
fouls governing rule
five-second rule
eight-second rule
three-second rule
twenty-four-second rule
rule governing progressing

with the ball
pass-in
inbound pass
illegal substitution
running score
hold (to)
backcourt violation
pivot foot
non-pivot foot
free foot
centre
low pivot
middle post (pivot)
pivot (to)
offensive set
defensive set
alignment of players
post ; postman
low post
take the lead (to)
resolve a tie (to)
break a tie (to)
- 50 -
umpire
bonus free throw
signal for the end of the
game
twenty-four-second signal
official's signals
go out-of-bounds (to)
bounce (to)
clear the boards (to)
rebound (to)
take a position (to)
setting up of the throw
pressure an opponent
(to)
breaking off
press ; pressing ;
pressure
remaining playing time
half-court press
hold an opponent (to)
full-court press
field goal
principle of verticality
out of bounds ; ball out of

bounds
last three minutes
three free throws
illegal use of hands

violation
technique / tactics
double teaming
advancing the ball
progressing with the

ball
reach the final (to)
defensive rebound
offensive rebound
receiver
receive (to)
inside shot (to)
recover the ball (to)
pushing
endline throw-in
- 51 -
baseline throw-in
sideline throw-in
right forward
forward pivot
defensive fallback
)kick the ball out (to
restart of the game
)hold (to
over and back
face guarding
left forward
shooting angle
)snatch the ball out (to

guard
reverse
right guard
game rotation
left guard
)roll the ball (to
jumper
sense of the ball

shot sense
jam
stuff
dunk
wing attack
offence against zone
defense
offence against man-to-man
defense
shuffle
end out-of-bound play
set offence
frontal attack
outlet pass
controlled offence
tactical system
set-play attack ; set-play

offence
- 52 -
delayed offence
tap (to) ; tap in (to)
... :
catching technique
advance (to)
throwing technique
progress (to)
charged time-out
drive to the basket (to)
forward
ball in play
dead ball
held ball
live ball
hold the ball (to)

try (attempt)
three-point try
(attempt)
block a shot (to)
two-hand overhead
shot
switching
interchange of position
change basket (to)

choice of ball
starting line-up
ball movement
- 53 -
try for field goal (to)
freezing the ball
pivot ; pivot man
field goal try
basketball player ;
basketballer ; basket player
box-and-one
set shot
middle shot
one-hand shot
spinned shot
backboard shot
bank shot
blocked shot
long shot ; longdistance shot
inside shot
clean shot
high arc shot
ball circulation
)tap-in (tip-in
)cling to the opponent (to
high shot ; high post
combination play
lay-up ; lay-up shot
technical commissioner
shot on the run
block shot
hook shot
breakaway
turnaround jump shot
fast break
jump shot
unsuccessful throw
underhand shot
two-hand underhand
shot
overhead shot
front ball side

stroke
on-the-ball-coverage
free thrower
goal made
feel of the ball
successful shot
)touch the basket (to
swish shot ; swisher
short shot
shoot to the basket

)(to
wing breakaway
; )close-in shot (to

)close range shot (to
- 54 -
)touch the backboard (to

path of player
defensive triangle
triple threat
one-on-one
one free throw
verticality
high shot (to)
jamp shot (to)
shooter
alive
Boxing
events
reach
charge
- 55 -
category 54 - bantam weight
category 60 - light weight
category 91 - heavy weight
54 -
60 -
91 -
rush (to)
flurry of blows
longer in the reach
category 81 - light heavy

weight
81 -
ducking below the belt

of the opponent
category 48 kg - light fly

weight
48 -
block ; blocking
category 51 kg - fly weight
51 -
category 75 - middle weight
75
category 57 - feather weight
57 -
category 64 - light welter

weight
category super heavy

weight - over 91 kg
category 69 kg - welter
weight
64 -
91 -
69 -
double cover
block (to)
block a hit / a blow (to)
boxing
box (to)
go boxing (to)
crouch (to)
- 56 -
boxer
pugilist
second's accessories
assitant second
resin tray
scales
speedball
bandage
hand wrap
defensive boxer
effective aggressor
southpaw
slow boxer ; sluggard

; sluggish fighter
offensive boxer
fast boxer
stagger (to)
charge (to)
apron
target area
water bottle
contest
stretcher
medium-quarter
fighting ; mediumrange fighting
headgear ; head-guard
outfighting
elastic waisband
sock
- 57 -
passive boxing
boxing boot
close fighting
timing device
cup protector
fighter
skip rope
fight (to)
ropes
corner pad
wall punch pad
sponge
ring steps
10 ounce glove
boxing glove
bag mitt ; bag glove
catcher's mitts ; catcher's

gloves
gong
aggressive
conduct of the bout
counter
countercheck
counterpunch
counter blow
10
counter to a straight
counter-offensive
boxer
counter with slipping
counter with right/left

ducking
counter with parrying
- 58 -
bell
counter with stepping

away
lace
counter (to)
singlet
infighting
vest
punch
blue vest
hit
pads
blow
floor
head blow
ring floor
hard blow
platform
body blow ; body

punch
solar plexus blow
speedball platform
speed bag
tower station
hit with the inside of

the glove
deflected blow
corner post
cross ; cross-counter
gumshield
hit on the back
mouth-guard
- 59 -
offense
puching ball ; punch ball
glove padding
uppercut
right-hand blow
resin
ring
straight blow ; straight

punch
tape
straight to the head
punch bag
decisive blow
left-hand blow
"
"

training bag
punch sack
pivot blow
heavy bag
light punch
weak punch
suspended bag
training hall
competitors' room
bucket
towel
boxing trunks
- 60 -
wallop
leading blow
preferred blow
leading-off blow
fundamental blows
cover up (to)
hook
hook to the head
swivelling seat
adhesive plaster
head hook
ring area
body hook
corner stool
hook to the body / the

head / the liver
canvas
//
hook to the liver
right hook
left hook
)uncover (to
turnbuckle
tension of the ropes
competitors' uniform
ring canvas

)defend oneself (to
defense
defensive
first-aid kit
rules / refereeing
)deflect a blow (to
straight right
)(
- 61 -
)throw in the sponge (to
down
straight left
retirement
range
withdrawal
turning outwards
withdraw (to)
right
retire (to)
exchange of blows
illegal action
technical officer
AIBA (International Amateur

Boxing Association)
lean on the ropes (to)
lean on one's opponent (to)
(AIBA)
referee-stop contest ; RSC
RSC
referee-stop contest head ;

RSC-H

RSC-H
stopping of the contest for

warnings
- 62 -
on guard
open "on guard"
absorb a punch (to) ;

absorb blows (to)
let a blow pass (to)
take a hit (to)
durable boxer
combination of blows
series of blows
stopping of the contest for

cautions
right-left combination
stop the bout (to) ; stop the

contest (to)
left-right combination
International Amateur
Boxing Association (AIBA)
go the full four rounds (to)
sparring
down (to)
drop (to)
wait for the decision (to)
below the belt
injury
funnel for water

disposal
knock down (to)

holding of the opponent's
arm
box !
amateur boxing ; amateur

boxer
knocked out
break !
scorecard
fighting ability
balance
boxing team
fighting spirit
- 63 -
swerving
slipping
low ducking
weaving
weight category
turning aside
belt
ducking
corner
slip (to)
blue corner
swerve (to)
neutral corner
sway away (to)
red corner
step away (to)
bout
boxing match
bout won
one-sided contest
evasion
avoid (to)
slip a punch (to)
deliver a series of
blows (to)
commission of refereeing
and judging
ring-craft
referee-judge commission ;
RJ commission
press (to)
medical board
feint
boxing competition
count
- 64 -
fake blow
feint (to)
count of eight
punch (to)
count of ten
strike (to)
mandatory eight count
land a right (to)
standing count
slogger
eight count
hardfisted puncher
knockdown ; KD
compulsory count
count (to)
counter out (to)
guard
left-hand guard
right-hand guard
low guard
classic guard
blow with the open glove
closed guard
blow with the inside of the

glove
high guard
blow below the belt
open guard
low blow
retain the advantage

(to)
rabbit punch
- 65 -
stop blow
left
- :-
elbow blow
one-two
forearm blow
footwork
butt ; butting
lower jaw
head butt
keep one's opponent

at distance (to)
slapping blow
backhand blow
sparring bout
lead (to)
foul blow
chin
illegal blow
mount the ring (to)
blow on the back of the

neck
scoring hits
keep one's guard up

(to)
parry ; parrying
clean punches
parry (to)
correct blows ; correct hits
side step ; sidestepping
step away
back step
cut
cut over the eye
- 66 -
eyebrow cut
spit out the gumshield (to)
forward step
land a left (to)
unanimous decision
leading hand
loss on points
striking hand
loss by retirement
loss by "referee stop

contest "; loss by RSC
RSC
loss by "referee stop

contest head" ; loss by
RSC-H

RSC-H
loss by disqualification
impact area
vulnerable spots of
the body
hit (to)
land a hit (to)
defeat by knockout
stance
loss by knockout
fist position
clerk
last round !
second round !
crouching "on guard"
precision of the blows
- 67 -
press
pugilism
hitting power
punching power
number
double disqualification
double knockout
hand up the glovers

)(to
duration of the contest
)retreat (to
length of the bout
tempo
)skip (to
rally of infighting
stylist
over trained
hitting surface
knuckle part of the

glove
defensive tactics
exchange of pennants
tie of points
EEG
)knock down (to
)down (to
groggy
)be knocked down (to

! clear the ring
- 68 -
equal bout ; even bout
bye
hold and hit (to)
dress
make the weight (to)
connect (to)
intentional foul
right uppercut
"
"
left uppercut
"
"
walkover
out of distance
unfit for boxing
glove inspection
use of the ropes
stagger (to)
out !
hand wrap inspection
sparring partner
bandage inspection
weighing-in
boxing official
KD-H
standing knockout
official weighing-in
welterweight
shaking of hands
- 69 -
69 -
technical knockout
raise the hand (to)
raise the hand of the winner

(to)
age limit
weight limit
compulsory count limit
competition record book
scoring machine
red vest
medical handbook
score (to)
draw
dual match
lead on points (to)
break a clinch (to)
- 70 -
score
first round !
take the count (to)
ringside
attendance of a doctor
announcer
quarter final
drop-away
awarding
repertoire of blows
caution
round
hold the ropes (to)
weighing-in room
bandage inspection
room
knock out (to)
put on the gloves (to)
gloving room
seconds out !
rest interval ; rest period
second
interval
stop !
pause between rounds
knockout ; KO
dangerous use of the head
no contest
number of rounds
regular hitting surface
target area
suspend a count (to)
display system
scoreboard
awarding of points
ring stool
award points (to)
hold (to)
inspector
ounce
dress
time !
- 71 -
win by disqualification
pull and hit (to)
win by forfeit
third round
win by walkover
win on points
win by knock out
technique / tactics
ahead-of-time win
win by retirement
win by "referee stop

contest" ; win by RSC
win by "referee stop

contest-head" ; win by
RSC-H
clinch
defensive action

RSC-H

hold (to)
opponent
tie up (to)
go down (to)
- 72 -
Weightlifting
incorrect movement
events
lot number
order of calling
- 105 kg (m)
( )105
weighing-in order
- 75 kg (w)
( )75
competitor in the start

list
- 73 -
+ 105 kg (m)
( )105
control weighing-in
+ 75 kg (w)
( )75
weighing-in
48 kg (w)
( )48
weight
53 kg (w)
( )53
body weight
56 kg (m)
( )56
weight of barbell and

collars
58 kg (w)
( )58
weight of the discs
62 kg (m)
( )62
lighter weight than

class
63 kg (w)
( )63
lifted weight
69 kg (w)
( )69
final motionless
position
69 kg (m)
( )69
first attempt
77 kg (m)
( )77
records protocol
85 kg (m)
( )85
weight progression
94 kg (m)
( )94
decrease the weight

(to)
decline a lift (to)
magnesia tray
scales
taping
resin tray
- 74 -
replace the bar (to) ;

replace the weight (to)
reserve competitor
turning over of the

wrists
competition secretary
light signal
signal to replace the
bar
warning by the
timekeeper
automatic audible
signal
electronic referee light
system
light system
jury table
bar collar
records board
)+ -(
attempt board
total result
rosin powder
elbow pad
size of the platform

disc
rubber disc
olympic total (snatch +

)clean and jerk
knee wrap
touch the ground with

)the knee (to
white light
red light
technique / tactics
belt
warm-up room
scoreboard
barbell
lifting belt
scoreboard
bar
snatch
split style snatch
- 75 -
magnesia
weightlifting costume
one-piece costume
sleeve
platform
wristband
resin powder
weighing-in room
warm-up area
tape
starting weight
hook grip
standing
width of the feet (of
the hands)
split style
squat style
clean
rules / refereeing
clean and jerk

clean (to)
down !
grant another attempt (to)
allow another attempt (to)
final call
clean the weight (to)
lift
complete extension of
the arms
weight class
change of grip
loading of the bar
load (to)
loader
- 76 -
side referees
complete extension
competitor's card
execution of an
attempt
execution of the
movement
centre referee
increase the weight (to)
split (to)
split
bending of the legs

squat
weightlifter
weightlifting
jerk
chief referee
electronic clock
technical controller
two minutes
time between two attempts

last attempt (3rd)
movement
miss a win (to)
raised weight
correct stance

( )
vertical position
grip
third attempt
palms downwards grip
second attempt
narrow grip
wide grip
ordinary grip
diameter of the bar
distance between the inside

collars
red flag
error in loading of the bar
progress of the
loading
pause
attempt !
slide
no lift !
motionless position
unfinished attempt
inspection of the outfit
extra attempt
IWF (International
Weightlifting
Federation)
good lift
drop the bar (to)
overweight
International Weightlifting
Federation (IWF)
bending of the arms
- 77 -
(WIF)

referee light
decision light
start list
weighing-in list
competition protocol
maintain in final
motionless position
(to)
continuous movement
Running
run end
finish line
/
run time
hat
singlet
" "
technique / tactics
running gear
- 78 -
kilometre marking
visor
runner
" "
jog (to)
pace (to)
stride
course
fastest runner
- 79 -
Synchronized Swimming
crane position
events
reverse crane
:
90

duet (w)
subcrane
team (w)
flamingo
flamingo full twist

pattern
underwater speaker
nose clip
gaviata
gaviata open 180
bent knee
standard scull
split
rules / refereeing
degree of difficulty
controller for speakers
time limit for preliminary
routines
required element
figure competition
final routines
music interpretation
technical merit

:

180

/
heron
panel of judges
/
hightower
musical accompaniment
- 80 -
ibis
non-ballet leg
porpoise
continuous movement
undulating motion
deck movements
synchronized
swimming
nova
undulation of the body
non-added points
manner of presentation
free routine
technical routine
reserve
artistic impression score
desk
be stationary (to) (starting
position)
allowance

( )
open
somersub
pointed toes
albatross
alba
alignment
pirouette
barracuda twirl
flamingo twirl
rotate around (to)

swordfish
lift
lower the legs symmetrically

(to)
twirl
swordalina
technique / tactics
( ) /
/
side layout position
back layout position
360 :
front layout position
ballet leg position

surface arch position
layout
pike position
ariana
tub position
aurora
rotation axis
lateral axis
lower a ballet leg (to)
routine
ballet leg
- 81 -
castle position
back pike position
fishtail position
bent knee position
parallel to the surface
bent knee surface
arch position

360
vertical bent knee

position
ballet leg alternate
boost
ballet leg single
walkout ; walkover
walkover back
walkover back closing
360
walkover front
submarine single ballet leg

ballet leg roll single
barracuda
barracuda somersault back
pike continuous spin
walkout front
arch
eggbeater
)arch (to
catalina rotation
front pike
reverse catalina
rotation
back pike
reverse rotation
catalarc
additional rotation
catalina
back tuck somersault

submarine
spiral
subalina
subilarc
pause
)point the toes (to
torpedo
twist
/
180

:
90 .

Eiffel tower
Eiffel walk
twist-spin
- 82 -
catalina reverse
knight
pattern change
travelling ballet leg
combination
kip
kip split closing 180
kip twist spin
dalecarlia
halfturn
half twist
vertical descent
dolpholina
ballet leg double
routine competition
assume a ballet leg (to)

aesthetic performance
hybrid figure
spin-down
vertical spin
underwater work
full twist
spin turn
continuous spin
bent-arm pull
spin
spin-up
combined spin
General Terms
take your marks !
ready, steady, go!
, ,
finish judge
line judge
retirement
chief judge
retire (to)
jury of appeal
withdraw (to)
drop the ball (to)
follow the ball (to)
eligibility
direct entry
wild card entry
agility
- 83 -
shoot (to)
finish line ; finishing

line
boundary line
start line
shirt
field of play
jersey
pace
set
amateur
round
call (to)
tie-break
announcer
( )
cancel (to)
disallow a goal (to)
automatic timing and place

judging system
call
call of the competitors
ball handling ; ball

techniques
miss the ball (to)
marking
zone marking
individual marking
man-to-man checking
; man-to-man marking
refereeing
score
umpiring
mark an opponent (to)
judge
check an opponent
(to)
umpire
score a goal (to)
approved referee
scorer
assistant referee
face mask
referee
match
chief official ; chief referee ;

chief umpire
friendly match ;
friendly game
referee (to)
round-robin game
umpire (to)
practice match
forfeited game
arena
- 84 -
snatch the ball (to)

time-out
interruption of game ;
interruption of play
interrupted match
tied game
lead (to)
stop the ball (to)
lead the score (to)
stop the game (to) ; stop the

play
put in play (to)
suspend play (to)
half-time
finish
article of the rules

athlete
non-starting athlete
alter a decision (to)

half of the field ; halfcourt
entrance fee
illegal
attacking player
mark
offensive player
mark dropped
offence
mark maintained
attack
start number
await the decision (to)
water level
attacker
attack (to)
show a card (to)
athletic
zone offence
offensive
additional official
competition officials
order of finish
catch the ball (to)
starting order
advantage
course
wait for the referee's signal

(to)
admonition
- 85 -
Olympic course
caution
misconduct warning
ball
ball out
ball in play
ball out of play
bench
white line
stocking
break a record (to)
injury
blocker
lap
armband
partner
compete "under
protest" (to)
game
lost game
pass (to)
throw (to)
intermission
interval
penalty
sanction
misconduct penalty
time penalty
lose (to)
roughness
loss of balance
goal
loss of a point
goal
weighing ; weighing-in
opposing side
captain
start (to)
side (team)
, ,
tank-top
competition schedule
take part in the

competition (to)
- 86 -
chest guard ; chest

protector ; chest pad
body pad ; body
protector
point won
scoring
team captain
card
classification points
starting position
referee's card
ball possession
yellow card
position
red card
post
pool
green card
helmet ; headgear
class
centre of gravity
call room
European champion
world champion
championship
change of ends ; change of

sides ; change of courts
change of direction
change of pace
change of service
charge an opponent (to)
push an opponent (to)
overtime
extra time ; extra

period
ankle support ; ankle

pad
elbow guard (pad,

protector)
leg guard
qualify (to)
quarter final
rebound
rebound (to)
bounce (to)
shoe
ball reception
boot
protest
- 87 -
qualification
first half-time ; first

half
sock
boot with studs
course inspection
choice of ends
automatic timing device

timekeeping
electronic timing
world record
officially ratified
record
national record
Olympic record
stopwatch
record holder
time (to)
appeal
rules
timekeeper
chief timekeeper
competition rules
additional timekeeper
legal
relay
fall
classification
relay (to)
ranking ; ranking list
postpone a match (to)
final classification
reserve
individual ranking
substitute player
bell
closing date for entries

team-mate
corner
substitution
player substitution
substitute (to)
team match
bout
postponement
aggressiveness
result
referee committee
final score
racing committee
intermediate result
commit a fault (to)
tie score
- 88 -
infringe the rules (to)

technical committee
competitor
event
delaying of the game
delay the game (to)
deduction of points
floor covering
elimination system
gymnasium
individual competition
penalization
penalize (to)
team roster
terms of eligibility
misconduct
compatible to standards
counter
block ; blocking
second half-time
scorekeeper
heat
elimination heat
shorts
counterattack
whistle (to)
substandard performance
starting signal
ball control
acoustic signal
control the ball (to)
playing surface
sportsman
sportswoman
control one's opponent (to)

timing
cup protector
refereeing corps
sportsmanship
indoor stadium
stroke
Re-caller
hit
outnumbering
shot
- 89 -
goal area
attacking shot
court
corner hit
playing area
defensive shot
tracksuit
attacking system
kick
whistle
final whistle
race
announcer's table
score table
official notice board
( )

cover the distance (to)
scoreboard
complete the distance (to)
table of results
shoe spikes
results board
start of game
information board
decision
referee's decision
mat
starting technique
scratch (to)
total time
walk over (to)
intermediate time
defeat
official time
loss
full time
loss by points
defend (to)
zone defense
man-to-man defense
individual defense
- 90 -
title holder
record attempt
end the match (to)
ground
playing court
defender
warm-up pitch
clear out the ball (to)
seed ; seeded player
technical delegate
throw
semifinal
semifinalist
shot at goal
straight shot
start ; starting
missed shot
break a tie (to)
trend of the play

withdrawal
hold a record (to)
draw ; draw of lots ;

drawing
random selection
toss
final draw
decide the ranking (to)
draw lots (to)
second half of extra time
main player
classification round
elimination round
get ahead of (to)

goal average
team manager
defence system
compete in the final (to)
compete (to)
disqualification
disqualify (to)
tournament
elimination
tournament
trajectory
settle the protests (to)
deceive the opponent

(to)
wave
give the signal to start (to)
winner
order start (to)
changing room
- 91 -
body number
runner-up champion
bib
win
flag
visiting team
white flag
speed
red flag
course area
start zone
dribble (to) ; dribble the ball
dribbler
right of appeal
duration of the game ;

duration of the match
warm-up
warm up (to)
failure
screen ; screening
kneepad ; knee
supporter
pad
starting time
immobilize (to)
take-off from both feet
equalize (to)
numerical inferiority
tie on points
spring
breach of sports
ethics
breach of the rules
rules infringement ;
rules violation
facilities
elimination
intercept (to)
- 92 -
major penalty
eliminating heat
preliminaries
ratify (to)
body angle
tie on place
ratification of a record
tie (to)
tie
shin guard ; shin pad
ahead of the count
play
behind the count
dangerous play
recording of results
defensive game ;
defensive game
training
rough play
train (to)
outdoor game
trainer ; coach
indoor game
coach
offensive play
assistant coach
attacking play
head coach
play the ball (to)
entry
player
enter the court (to)
all-round player
individual event
defense
team event
men (women) individual

events
men (women) team events

balance
( )
( )
defensive player
star
disqualified player
excluded player
opposing team
unseeded player
attacking team
rest day
defense team ; defending

team
official
home team
judge at the finish
offensive team
final ; final race
winner team
- 93 -
finalist
team
competitive spirit
finish (to)
forfeited
trial
entry form
attempt
hit (to)
strike (to)
suffer a defeat (to)

stay behind (to)
be eliminated (to)
stay in front (to)
be liable to a penalty (to)
equality of marks
suspend (to)
suspend a player (to)
exclusion ; expulsion
temporary exclusion
(suspension)
bye
exclude (to) ; expel (to)
kick the ball (to)

hit the opponent (to)
win (to)
win by a body length

(to)
win a qualification
place (to)
glove
goalkeeper
lawn
foul
intentional foul
unintentional foul
fair play
false start
lodge an appeal (to)
score sheet
appeal (lodge an) (to)
net
appeal a decision (to)
- 94 -
end of game ; end of

set
screen (to)
toss a coin (to)
- 95 -
end of the bout (of the

match, of the play)
fault
error

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The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

final, before failing a drugs test.

100 m hurdles (w)

110 m hurdles (m)

push off the pole (to)

push-off by the leg

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

3,000 m steeplechase (m)

put the shot (to)

3,000 m steeplechase track

4 x 100 m relay (m. w)

4 x 400 m relay (m. w)

400 m hurdles (m)

radius lines of sector

action in the air

record the trials (to)

referee for walking

anchor man (relay)

relay baton ; relay

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

angle of the take-off

announce the lap times (to)

release with a jump

release with two-leg

retire from the race

assistant photo-finish judge

rotation (of hammer)

)The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic

)run across (to

baton passing while

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

binding (of the javelin)

border of the track

box in a runner (to)

break a tie (to)

sharpen the pace (to)

shorten the stride (to)

shot area ; shot circle

shot put (m. w)

shot putting facility

space between the

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

chief judge of walking

circle for discus throwing

circle for hammer throwing

circle for shot putting

circle for throwing events

clear a height of... (to)

start of the curve

clear the bar (to)

start of the final

clear the height (to)

clear the hurdle (to)

The Sports Dictionary (English Arabic)

clearance of the hurdle

coming up out of the legs

stay leaning (to)

contact with the ground

cover the distance (to)

step over (to)

step over (to)