Water

THE WATER CYCLE

Importance of the Water Cycle The water cycle is a natural self-purifying system that is vital to all living things.

Methods of Water Purification

Water Purification
Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, materials, and biological contaminants from contaminated water. DISTILLATION ION EXCHANGE SOFTENING DEIONIZATION ELECTRODEIONIZATION FILTRATION

Water Purification
SCREEN FILTERS SAND FILTERS CARBON FILTERS MEMBRANE FILTRATION REVERSE OSMOSIS CHEMICAL TREATMENT- CLARIFICATION & DESINFECTION UV RADIATION DESALINATION

Explain why is the Importance of Dissolved

Oxygen to Aquatic Life.

Explain why the following processes decrease the level of oxygen in water? - Respiration - Temperature - Eutrophication

Sources of Water pollution

Contaminants may include organic and inorganic substances.

Municipal
Agricultural Industrial

Sources of Water Pollution

Organic water pollutants include: Detergents Food processing waste Insecticides and herbicides Petroleum hydrocarbons Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as industrial solvents, from improper storage. Chlorinated solvents Various chemical compounds found in personal hygiene and cosmetic products.

Sources of Water Pollution

Inorganic water pollutants include: Acidity caused by industrial discharges (SO2) Ammonia from food processing waste Chemical waste as industrial by-products Fertilizers containing nutrients--nitrates and phosphates Heavy metals from motor vehicles (via urban stormwater runoff) and acid mine drainage Silt (sediment) in runoff from construction sites, logging, slash and burn practices or land clearing sites.

Sources of Water Pollution

A number of pollutants, both harmful and poisonous, enter the groundwater systems through rain water. The residue of agricultural practices, including fertilizers and pesticides, are some of the major sources of water pollution. Untreated pollutants are drained into the nearest water body, such as stream, lake or harbour, causing water pollution.

CHEMISTRY FOR CAPE PAGE 451 461 QUESTIONS 1-5

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