HORTICULTURAL ZONES OF INDIA AND ANDHRAPRADESH

HORTICULTURAL ZONES OF INDIA

INDIA HAS DIVERSIFIED CLIMATES RIGHT FROM TEMPERATE TO TROPICAL CLIMATES. SO, INDIA HAS BEEN DIVIDED IN TO 3 HORTICULTURAL ZONES . THEY ARE :

1.Tropical zone 2. sub tropical zone 3.temperate zone

TROPICAL ZONE: entire south india below the

vindhya hills comes under this zone. This zone is again subdivided in to 3 sub zones. They are :

1.CENTRAL TROPICAL ZONE

2.SOUTHERN TROPICAL ZONE

3.COASTAL TROPICAL HUMID ZONE

CENTRAL TROPICAL ZONE: STATES OF

MAHARASHTRA, ORISSA, SOUTHERN PART OF MADHYA PRADESH(CHATTISGARH)AND TELANGANA AREA OF ANDHRA PRADESH COMES UNDER THIS ZONE.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:MANGO,CASHEW,CITRUS,SWEET

ORANGE,MANDARINORANGE,AND

LIMES.),GRAPE,GUAVA,SAPOTA,BANANA,SITHAPAL,FIG,BER,POMEGRANATE
AMUN,AND,JACK FRUIT.

JAMUN

FIG FRUIT

MANDARIN ORANGE

SOUTHERN TROPICAL ZONE:ANDHRA PRADESH EXCLUDING

TELANGANA,TAMIL NADU,KERALA AND KARNATAKA STATES COME UNDER THIS ZONE.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

MANGO,COCONUT,BANANA,CASHEW,SAPOTA,PINEAPPLE,M ANGOSTEEN,BREAD FRUIT,JACK FRUIT,SITAPHAL,ARECA NUT,RUBBER, PEPPER,TURMERIC,CLOVE,NUT MEG, COCOA,COFFEE, CITRUS(SWEET ORANGE,MANDARIN ORANGE,AND LIMES).

NUTMEG FRUIT

ARECA NUT

RUBBER TREE

COCOA TREE

BREAD FRUIT

MANGO STEEN

COASTAL TROPICAL ZONE: AREAS COVERING ALL ALONG THE HUMID COAST OF DIFFERENT
STATES OF PENINSULAR INDIA UP TO ABOUT 160 KM INSIDE TO THE SEA SHORE LINE. THE CLIMATE WILL BE ALWAYS HUMID AND WORM. TEMPERATE WILL NOT BE MILD IN WINTER WHEN COMPARED TO SOUTHERN TROPICAL ZONE.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

COCONUT,BANANA,CASHEW,JACK FRUIT,MANGO,AND PINE APPLE.

SUB TROPICAL ZONE:

THE AREA ABOVE THE VINDHYA HILLS COMES UNDER THIS ZONE. OCASSIONALLY FROST OCCURS IN THIS ZONE. THIS ZONE IS SUB DIVIDED IN TO TWO SUB ZONES BASING ON THE DIRECTION. THEY ARE:

NORTH WESTERN SUB TROPICAL ZONE:

STATES LIKE RAJASTHAN, PUNJAB,
HARYANA,HARYANA,GUJARAT,PARTS OF BIHAR,U.P,M.P AND WEST BENGAL COMES UNDER THIS ZONE.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

LITCHI,CITRUS(SWEET ORANGE,MANDARIN ORANGES),DATES,GUAVA,SAPOTA,PAPAYA,PHALSA,FIG ARE SOME, TYPICAL SUB TROPICAL FRUITS GROWN BUT OTHER TROPICAL FRUITS LIKE MANGO,JACK FRUIT.BANANA CAN ALSO BE GROWN ETC.

NORTH-EASTERN SUB TROPICAL ZONE:AREAS LIKE PARTS OF UP, BIHAR,WEST

BENGAL,ASSAM,MEGHALAYA,MANIPUR, NAGALAND,MIZORAM,ARUNACHAL PRADESH,AND TRIPURA.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

LITCHI,CITRUS(SWEET ORANGE,MANDARIN ORANGE),DATES,GUAVA,SAPOTA,PAPAYA,PHALSA,FI G,MANGO ETC.

TEMPERATE ZONE :

AREAS COMES IN THIS ZONE ARE JAMMU AND KASHMIR, KULU, KATRAIN, KANGRA VALLEYS OF PUNJAB, PARTS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AND KASHMIR HILLS AND ALSO HIGH ALTITUDE REGIONS IN SOUTH INDIANILAGIRIS AND PALANI HILLS OF TAMILNADU. THIS ZONE FREQUENTLY EXPERIENCE FORESTS.
THIS ZONE IS FURTHER SUB-DIVIDED IN TO TWO SUB ZONES BASED ON ELEVATION. THEY ARE: 1.HIGHER ELEVATION 2.LOWER ELEVATION

HIGHER ELEVATION:ELEVATION RANGES FROM 1500-2500m

MSL.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENED:

APPLE,PEARS,WALNUT,ALMOND,CHERRYAND STRAW BERRY.

LOWER ELEVATION:
ELEVATION RANGES FROM 1200-1500m MSL.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

PEACHES,PERSIMMONS,JAPANESE PLUM ETC.

PEARS

ALTHOUGH PEACH IS ATEMPERATE FRUIT CROP, A NO OF VARIETIES LIKE SHSRBATI, HONEY STONE, SUNRED AND SAFEDA CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY GROWN IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS OF SUB TROPICAL ZONE. SIMILARLY ROME BEAUTY AN APPLE VARIETY IS GROWN AROUND BANGALORE.

ELEVATION IS NOT ONLY THE FACTOR WHISH DECIDES THE PROSPECTS OF FRUIT CULTIVATION IN TEMPERATE ZONE. OTHER FACTORS LIKE HAIL STORMS, RAINFALL ETC ..WHICH SHOULD ALSO BE CONSIDERED FOR SELECTION OF SITE FOR FRUIT CULTIVATION IN TEMPERATE ZONE. EG; SIMLA AND SOLAN AT 2100 AND 1400M OF ELEVATION FROM SEA LEVEL RESPECTIVELY. BUT THEY ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR GROWING FRUITS BECAUSE OF HAIL STORMS. BUT KULU VALLEY AND KOTAGARH REGIONS IN PUNJAB ARE FREE FROM HAILSTORMS AND ARE SUITABLE FOR GROWING TEMPERATE FRUITS.

HORTICULTURE ZONES OF ANDHRA PRADESH

THE CLIMATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH IS ESSENTIALLY OR MAINLY TROPICAL.HOW EVER ,TWO MAIN FRUIT GROWING ZONES ARE RECOGNIZED IN ANDHRA PRADESH.VIZ,
TROPICAL ZONE AND SUB-TROPICAL ZONE

TROPICAL ZONE: THIS ZONE IS AGAIN

DIVIDED IN TO 3 SUB ZONES. THEY ARE- 1.ARID TROPICAL 2.HUMID TROPICAL 3.COASTAL HUMID TROPICAL.

ARID TROPICAL ZONE: IN THIS ZONE THE PERCENTAGE OF HUMIDITY IS LESS. HIGH TEMPERATURE EXISTS UNIFORMLY ALMOST THROUGHT THE YEAR.MODERATE TO SCANTY RAINFALL IS RECEIVED FROM BOTH SOUTH-WEST AND NORTH EAST MONSOONS.RAIN FALL ie. 50-75 cm. AREAS OF AP COME UNDER THIS ZONE: 1.WESTERN PARTS OF ADILABAD,KARIM NAGAR,AND NALGONDA. 2.DISTRICTS OF KHAMMAM, NIZAMABAD,MAHABOOB NAGAR,KADAPA,KURNOOL,ANANTHAPUR,AND CHITTOR.

3.WESTERN PARTS OF NELLORE,PRAKASHAM,GUNTUR, KRISHNA,AND WEST GODAVARI.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

CUSTARD APPLE,SWEET ORANGE,GUAVA, GRAPE,BANANA AND MANGO.

HUMID TROPICAL ZONE:

THIS ZONE RECIEVES HEVY RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE IS MORE OR LESS UNIFORM THROUGHT OUT THE YEAR.HUMIDITY IS ALSO MORE IN THIS ZONE. THIS ZONE IS SUB DIVIDED IN TO 2 SUB ZONES. THEY ARE:

1. Heavy rain fall areas 2.Low rain fall areas

HEAVY RAIN FALL AREAS:THIS ZONE RECIEVES 120150 cm RAIN FALL ANUALLY.ELEVATION IS UP TO 600cm.humidity is also very high.

AREAS COME UNDER THIS ZONE:

POLAVARAM AND RAMPACHODAVARAM

LOW RAIN FALL AREAS:

THIS ZONE RECIEVES 100-150cm rainfall anually.humidity is less.

AREAS COME UNDER THIS ZONE: PARTS OF ADILABAD,WARANGAL,KURNOOL,AND KADAPA.

POLAVARAM

RAMPACHODAVARAM

FRUITS RECOMMENDED FOR HUMID TROPICAL ZONE ARE : PARTS OF ADILABAD,WARANGAL,KURNOOL,AND KADAPA COMES UNDER THIS ZONE.
COASTAL HUMID TROPICAL ZONE:
THIS ZONERECIEVES 75-100 cm OF RAINFALL MOSTLY FROM SOUTH WEST MONSOONAND PARTLY FROM NORTH EAST MONSOON. HUMIDITY IS ALSO HIGH.

AREAS COME UNDER THIS ZONE ARE: COASTAL AREAS FROM NELLORE TO SRIKAKULAM. FRUITS RECOMMENDED:
BANANA,CASHEW,COCONUT,PINEAPPLE,JACKFRUI T.

SUB TROPICAL ZONE:

BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF RAINFALL RECEIVED THIS ZONE IS SUB DIVIDED IN TO TWO SUB ZONES. THEY ARE:

1.ARID SUB TROPICAL 2.HUMID SUB TROPICAL

1.ARID SUB TROPICAL:

THIS ZONE RECIEVES AN ANUALL RAINFALL OF ABOUT 75100cm.ELEVATION IS ABOUT 450cm.COLD BETWEEN OCTOBER AND FEBRUARY.

AREAS COME UNDER THIS ZONE:

HYDERABAD,RANGA REDDY,HORSELY HILLS,PENUKONDA OF ANANTAPUR DISTRICT.

FRUIT CROPS RECOMMENDED:

GRAPES,SWEET ORANGE,MANDARIN,LIME AND PHALSA.

HUMID SUB TROPICAL ZONE:

THIS ZONE RECIEVES AN ANUALL RAINFALL UP TO 200 cm AND ELEVATION UP TO 620 m MSL. AREAS COME UNDER THIS ZONE: PARTS OF VISAKAPATNAM AND SRIKAKULAM DISTRICTS,ARAKU VALLEY.

ARAKU VALLEY

PEACH,JAPANESE PLUM, AVOCODO,LITCHI, JACK FRUIT,BREAD FRUIT,COCOA,RUBBER,COFFEE,PEPPER etc

AVOCODO TREE

JAPANESE PLUM