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School of Law

SY 2012-2013

LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION Definition of Law Classification of Law Concept of Law as Derecho and Ley Human Positive Law Branches of Human Positive Law Definition of Civil Law Civil Code of the Philippines Sources Effectivity of the Civil Code of the Philippines Lara v. Del Rosario, 94 Phil. 778

II.

EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS

A.

Effectivity of Laws Art. 2 as amended by E.O. 200, 18 June 1987 Tanada v. Tuvera, 136 S 27 and 146 S 446 Phil. International Trading Corp. v. Angeles, 21 October 1996 Phil. Veterans Bank Employees Union v. Hon. Vega, 28 June 2001 Honasan, III vs. The Panel of Investigating Prosecutors of the DOJ, 427 SCRA 46 ASTEC vs. ERB, GR No. 192117, 18 Sept. 2012 (Exceptions)

B.

Ignorantia Legis Non Excusat Art. 3 Concept Application Exceptions Processual Presumption Yao Kee v. Sy Gonzales, 167 S 736 Board of Commissioners v. Dela Rosa, 197 S 853 Laureano v. CA, 2 February 2000

C.

Lex prospicit, Non Respicit Art. 4 Basis and Purpose Exceptions Aruego, Jr. v. CA, 254 S 711 Bernabe v. Alejo, 21 January 2002

D.

Mandatory / Prohibitory Laws Defined General Rule on Effect of Violation Exceptions

E.

Waiver of Rights Art. 6 Rights Defined Waiver Guy v. CA, 502 S 151 People v. Morial, 15 August 2001

F.

Judicial Application and Interpretation of Laws Art. 8 The Philippine Legal System, Background

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Stare Decisis Non Quieta Movere Ting v. Ting, 31 March 2009 Landbank v. Pagayatan, et. al., GR No. 177190, 23 Feb. 2011 (When stare decisis does not apply) Law of the Case Ayala Corp., v. Rosa Diana Realty, 1 December 2000 Ratio Decidendi Obiter Dictum G.

Villanueva v. CA, 19 March 2002

Rules on Application and Interpretation of Laws Arts. 9 Dura Lex Sed Lex Pp. v. Veneracion, 249 S 251 Duty of the Court to Render Judgment Effect of Silence, Obscurity or Insufficiency of Laws Judicial Aids Cessante Ratione Cessat Ipsa Lex in Criminal Law Art. 10 Legislative Intent Presumption Interpret not by letter that killeth but by the spirit that giveth life Phil. Rabbit Bus Lines v. Arciaga, 148 S 438 Cesario Ursua v. CA, 10 April 1996 Art. 13 Computation of Periods Year, Month, Day, Night CIR v. Primetown, 28 August 2007 Labad v. University of Southern Phil., 9 August 2001

H.

Applicability of Customs Arts. 11 and 12 Custom, Defined Requisites Custom Proper Legem v. Custom Contra Legem

I.

How Laws Lose Their Effectivity Art. 7 Lapse of a Law, Defined Repeal, Meaning Express Repeal and Implied Repeal, Distinguished Effect of Repeal of Repealing Law on Law First Repealed CIR v. Primetown, 28 August 2007 Labad v. University of Southern Phil., 9 August 2001

J.

Binding Effect of Laws Art. 14, in relation to Art. 2, Revised Penal Code Territoriality and Generality Exceptions Ex-territoriality Extra-territoriality Assali v. Commissioner of Customs, 26 S 382

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE K. Theory of Statutes Art. 15 and Art. 17, par. 3 Persons: Nationality Principle Recio v. Recio, 2 October 2001 Llorente v. CA, 23 November 2000 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 S 139 Art. 16 Property: Lex Rei Sitae (Mobilia Sequntur Personam abandoned) Exception: Succession Domicillary Theory Renvoi Aznar v. Garcia, 7 S 95 Bellis v. Bellis, 20 S 358 PCIB v. Excolin, 56 S 266 Art. 17, pars. 1 and 2 Forms and Solemnities of Contracts and Wills (Extrinsic Validity): Lex Loci Celebrationis American Airlines v. Court of appeals, 9 March 2000. L. Suppletory Application of the Civil Code of the Philippines

III.

HUMAN RELATIONS Right and Obligation, Defined A. Standards / Norms of Human Conduct Art. 19 Theory of Abuse of Rights Go v. Cordero, 4 May 2010 Principio v. Barrientos, 478 S 639 Villanueva v. Rosqueta, 19 January 2010 Requirements for Actionable Wrong Damages, Concepts and Kinds Manuel v. People, 476 S 639 University of the East v. Jader, 17 February 2000 Cruz v. NLRC, 7 February 2000 Globe McKay v. Barrios, 119 S 461 RCPI v. CA, 143 S 657 Damnum Absque Injuria / Volenti Non Fit Injuria Hotel Nikko v. Reyes, 452 S 532 B. Liability Ex-Maleficio or Ex-Delicto

Art. 20 in rel. to Art. 100 of the Revised Renal Code Acts Contrary to Law C. Acts Contrary to Morals, Good Customs or Public Policy Art. 21 Coverage Breach of Promise to Marry: When Actionable Hermosisima v. CA, 109 P 629 Galang v CA, 4 S 55 Gashem Shookat Baksh v. CA, 219 S 115 Wassmer V. Velez, 12 S 648

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

D.

Unjust Enrichment Arts. 22 and 23 Action in Rem Verso and Solutio Indebiti, Distinguished Restitution as a Remedy Damages Recoverable Car Cool Phil. v. USHIO Realty, 479 S 404 Puyat v. Zabarte, 26 February 2001 Elegir vs. PAL, GR No. 181995, 16 July 2012 GSIS, et al vs. COA, et. al., GR No. 181995, 16 July 2012

E.

Unfair Competition Art. 24, In Contractual Relations Parens Patriae Doctrine Art. 28, In Industrial, Agricultural and Commercial Enterprises, Inc. Labor

F.

Thoughtless Extravagance Art. 25, Injunctive Remedy When and To Whom Available

G.

Respect for Personality and Dignity of Others Art. 26 Right to Privacy, Defined Constitutional and Statutory Basis of Right to Privacy Prying into the Privacy of Anothers Residence Alienation of Affections Humiliation on account of Religious Belief, Station in Life, Physical Defects, etc. Concepcion v. CA, 31 January 2000

H.

Neglect or Refusal of Public Servant Art. 27 Liability for Damages: Requisites Non-Feasance, Misfeasance Distinguished Amonoy v. Spouses Gutierrez, 15 February 2001

I.

Action for Damages based on Crime / Delict Arts. 20, 29, 30 and 35 in rel. to Art. 100 of Revised Penal Code Rule 111, Section 1, 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Proof of Guilt beyond Reasonable Doubt v. Preponderance of Evidence Separate Civil Action Necessity of Reservation Suspension of Separate Civil Action Rule 111, section 2, 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Effect of Acquittal in the Criminal Case upon Civil Liability Guaring v. CA, 269 S 283 Manantan v. CA, 29 January 2001

J.

Independent Civil Actions Concept and Rationale Evidence Required Art. 31, Civil Action based on Other Sources of Obligation except Crime: Law, Contract, Quasi-Contract Bonite v. Zosa, 162 S 173 Pp. v. Bayotas, 236 S 239 Mansion Biscuits v. CA, 23 November 1995

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

Art. 32, Civil Liability for Violation of Constitutional Rights Persons Responsible When Responsibility Demandable from a Judge Cojuanco v. CA, 2 July 1999 Alcuaz v. PSBA, 161 S 7 compared with Non v. Dames, 185 S 523 Art. 33, Civil Liability for Declaration, Fraud, Physical Injusries Meaning Arafiles v. Philippine Journalists, 25 March 2004 International Flavors v. Argo, 10 Sept. 2001 Marcia v. CA, 120 S 7 Ruiz v. Ucol, 153 S 14 Art. 34, Civil Liability of Member of Municipal or City Police Principal Liability of Member of Police Subsidiary Liability of City / Municipality Arts. 2176-2177, Quasi-Delict Concept of Quasi-Delict or Culpa Aquiliana Tort, defined Barredo v. Garcia, 73 P 607 Jose v. CA, 18 January 2000 K. Prejudicial Questions Defined Art. 36, in rel. to Rule 111, Secs. 6-7 of 2000 Rules of Criminal Procedure Elements Effect Beltran v. People, 20 June 2000 City of Pasig v. COMELEC, 10 September 1999 Diaz v. Merced, 109 P 155 Donato v. Luna, 160 S, 441

IV.

PERSONS AND PERSONALITY

Art. 37, Juridical Capacity and Capacity to Act, Distinguished Classes of Persons

A.

Natural Persons Civil Personality Art. 40, Presumptive Civil Personality Geluz v. CA, 2 S 801 Art. 41, Birth Legal Conditions

Art. 38-39, Restrictions or Modifications on Capacity to Act Catalan v. Basa, 31 July 2007 Domingo v. CA, 17 October 2001 Mendezona v. Ozamiz, 6 February 2002 Art. 42, Death Effects of Death Pp. v. Bayotas, 236 S 239

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

Art. 43, Survivorship Presumptions on Survivorship Geluz vs. CA, 2 SCRA 8 B. Juridical Persons Theory of Special Capacities

Art. 44, Classification Art. 45, Governing Law Art. 46, Powers, in rel. to Art. 12, Sections 2-3 of the 1987 Constitution

V.

DOMICILE Defined Distinguished from Residence Kinds of Domicile: Origin, COntructive and Choice Arts. 50-51 Romualdez-Marcos v. COMELEC, 248 S 300

VI.

MARRIAGE Family Code of the Philippines Effectivity Date Retroactive Application Aruego Jr. v. CA, 254 S 711 Bernabe v. Alejo, 21 January 2002 Marriage Defined Art. 1 in rel. to Art. XV, 1987 Constitution Nature of the Contract of Marriage Estrada v. Escritor, 408 S 1 Ancheta v. Ancheta, 4 March 2004 Pp. v. Corpus, 85 S 567 Rivera v. IAC, 182 S 322 Abadilla v. Tabiliran, 249 S 447

Presumption in Favor of Existence and Validity of Marriage Dela Rosa v. Heirs, 480 S 334 Eugenio v. Velez, 185 S 425 Garcia vda. De Chua v. CA, 5 March 1998

A.

REQUISITES OF A VALID MARRIAGE Essential Requisites 1. Legal Capacity Art. 2, par. 1 in rel. to Arts. 1, 5, Art. 35, par. 1 and Art. 26, par. 1 Marrying Age under Family Code as compared to the Civil Code Sex / Status of Same- Sex Marriages RP v. Silverio, 22 October 2017 RP v. Cagandahan, 12 September 2008 Absence of other Legal Impediment, Arts. 37-38 Donato v. Luna, 160 S 14 Weigel v. Sempio DIy, 143 S 499

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE 2. Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995

Consent Art. 2, par. 2 in rel. to Art. 6 How Given Formal Requisites: 1. Authority of the Solemnizing Officer Art. 3, par. 1 and Art. 7 Sec. 444, R.A. 7160 or the Local Government Code Art. 35, par. 2, Effect of Good Faith Beso v. Judge Duguman, 28 January 2000 Valid Marriage License Art. 3, par. 2 in rel. to Arts. 9-21 and Arts. 27-34 Purpose of the Marriage License Probative Value of Marriage License Requirements for Application Parental Consent, When necessary Parental Advice, When necessary Publication / Posting Requirement Duty of Local Civil Registrar to Issue Suspension of the Issuance of the Marriage License Validity Period of Marriage License Alcantara v. Alcantara, 28 August 2007 Sevilla v. Cardenas, 494 S 1 Aranes v. Occiano, 380 S 402 Vda. De Jacob v CA, 312 S 772 Trinidad v. Trinidad , 20 April 1998 Republic v. CA, 2 September 1994 Sy v. CA, 330 S 550 Carino v. Carino, 351 S 127 Marriage Ceremony Art. 3, par. 3 in rel. to Arts. 6 and 8 Prescribed Form or Rite Proxy Marriage Morigo v. People, 422 S 376 Absence, Defect or Irregularity in the Requisites Effect of Absence of Essential and Formal Requisites Art. 4, par. 1 in rel. to Art. 35, par. 3 and Arts. 27-34 Effect of Defect in Essential Requisites Art. 4 par. 2 in rel. to Art. 45 Effect of Irregularity in Formal Requisites Art. 4, par. par. 3 Three-Fold Liability Art. 352, Revised Penal Code Morena v. Bernabe, 14 July 1995 Navarro v. Dumagtoy, 259 S 129 (19 July 1996) Marriage Certificate Art. 6 in rel. to Art. 22-24 Purpose and Value of Marriage Certificate Who Issues Distribution of Copies Distinguished from the Marriage License

2.

3.

B.

MARRIAGES CELEBRATED OUTSIDE THE PHILIPPINES

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Art. 26, par. 1 in rel. to Arts. 15 and 17, par. 3 of the Civil Code DOJ Opinion No. 11 (17 January 1990) Lex Loci Celebrationis Rule Exceptions, Art. 35, pars. 1, 4, 5, 6, Art. 36-38 C. FOREIGN DIVORCE Art. 26, par. 2 in rel. to Arts. 15 and 17, par. 3 of the Civil Code History of Provision Effects of Foreign Divorce Conditions for Recognition of Foreign Divorce in the Philippines Corpuz v. Sto. Tomas and the Solicitor General, 11 August 2010 San Luis v. San Luis, 514 S 294 RP v. Iyoy, 21 Sept. 2005 Recio v. Recio, 2 October 2001 Quita v. CA, 300 S 406 RP v. Orbecido III, 472 S 114 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 S 139 Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, 30 June 1989 Tenchaves v. Escano, 15 S 355 D. VOID AB INITIO MARRIAGES Void and VOIDABLE Marriages, Distinguished Declaration of Nullity and Divorce, Distinguished Arts. 35, 36, 37, 38, 44, 53 Art. 350, Revised Penal Code I. Contract by Parties Below 18 Years of Age Art. 35 (1) in rel. to Art. 5 and Art. 26, par. 1 Rule applicable to both parties Contract Solemnized by Person without Authority Art. 35 (2) in rel. to Art. 7 Art. 352, Revised Penal Code Moreno v. Bernabe, 14 July 1995 Navarro v. Dumagtoy, 259 S 129 (19 July 1996) 3. Contract without a Marriage License Art. 35 (3) in rel. to Arts. 27-34 Abbas vs. Abbas, 30 January 2013 Alcantara v. Alcantara, 28 August 2007 Sevilla v. Cardenas, 31 July 2006 Mallion v. Alcantara, 31 October 2006 Cojuanco, Sr. v. Palma, 438 S 306 Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001 Trinidad v. Trinidad, 20 April 1998 Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995 EXCEPTION: Marriages under Exceptional Circumstances Arts. 27 34 in rel. to Art. 3, par. 2 and Art. 35, par. 3 Status of the Marriage under Exceptional Circumstances Duty of Solemnizing Officer Marriage in Articulo Mortis Arts. 27, 29-32 Who May Solemnize, Art. 7 Effect of Survival of Party Marriage in Remote Place Arts. 28-29

2.

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

Marriage among Muslims or members of ethnic / indigenous cultural communities Arts. 33 in rel. to R.A. 8371 or the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act Convalidation of Cohabitation Art. 34 Period of Cohabitation Absence of Legal Impediment Manzano v. Sanchez, 354 S 1 Ninal v. Bayadog, 14 March 2000 Sy v. CA, 330 S 550 Cosca v. Palaypayon, 237 S 249 4. Bigamous / Polygamous Marriages Art. 35 (4) in rel. to rel. to Arts. 41 and 44 Jarillo vs. People of the Philippines, 29 September 2009 Macarrubo, 27 February 2004 Tenebro v. CA, 423 S 272 Quita v. CA, 300 S 406 Mijares v. Villa Luz, 274 S 1 Wiegel v. Sempio Diy, 143 S 499 Balogbog v. Balogbog, 7 March 1997 Tamano v. Ortiz, 29 June 1998

EXCEPTION: Valid Bigamous Marriage Arts. 41-44 in rel. to Arts. 381 and 384, Civil Code of the Philippines Presumptive Death / Absence Requisites for Declaration of Presumptive Death Republic v. Narceda, 10 April 2013 SSS v. Jarque Vda. De Bailon, 485 SCRA 376 Republic v. CA, 477 S 277 Republic v. Bernudes, 449 S 57 Republic v. Nolasco, 17 March 1993 Bienvenido v. CA, 237 S 676 Manuel v. People, 476 S 461 Calisterio v. Calisterio, 330 S 201 Arts. 43-44, Effects of Subsequent Marriage Art. 42, Termination of Subsequent Marriage 5. Contract by Mistake in Identity Art. 35 (5) Mistake defined Effect of Other Misrepresentation 6. Contract in violation of Arts. 40, 52-53 Arts. 35 (6) in rel. to Arts. 40, 52-53 Distinguished from Bigamous / Polygamous Marriage Recording of Judgement of Nullity or Annulment Recording of Delivery of Presumptive Legitimes Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001 Mercado v. Tan, 1 August 2000 Atienza v. Brillantes, 29 March 1995 Domingo v. CA, 226 S 572 Beltran v. People, 334 S 106 7. Incestuous Marriages Art. 37 in rel. to Arts. 5 and 26, par. 1

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Computation of Blood Relationships Degrees of Relationship Direct Line and Collateral Line, Defined Rationale for the Ban on Incestuous Marriages 8. Quasi-Incestuous Marriages / Void by Reasons of Public Policy Art. 38 in rel to Arts. 5 and 26, par. 1 Prohibited Marriages bet. Collateral Relatives; Relatives by Affinity; and Adoptive relatives Rationale

9.

Psychological Incapacity Art. 36 in rel. to Art. 2, Canon 1095 of the New Code of Canon Law History of Provision Psychological Incapacity and Insanity, Distinguished Psychological Incapacity and Vice of Consent, Distinguished Characteristics of Psychological Incapacity Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA and Lao, 266 S 324 (17 January 1997) Santos v. CA, 240 S 20 Guidelines in Determining Psychological Incapacity Republic v. CA and Olaviano, 268 S 198 (13 February 1997) Evolution of Jurisprudence on Psychological Incapacity Republic v. Encelan, 9 January 2013 Mendoza v. Republic, 12 November 2012 Republic v. CA, GR no. 159594, 12 November 2012 Ochosa v. Alano and RP, 26 January 2011 Yambao v. Republic, 24 January 2011 Marable v. Marable, 17 January 2011 Agraviador v. Agraviador, 8 December 2010 Ligeralde v. Patalinghug, et al., 15 April 2010 Reyes v. Reyes, 18 August 2010 Toring v. Toring and RP, 3 August 2010 Suazo v. Suazo and RP, 12 March 2010 Alcazar v. Alcazar, 13 October 2009 Najera v. Najera, 3 July 2009 Te v. Te, 13 February 2009 Paras v. Paras, August 2, 2007 Zamora v. CA, 7 February 2007 Ferraris v. Ferraris, 495 S 396 Antonio v. Reyes, 10 March 2006 RP v. Iyoy, 21 September 2005 Siayngco v. Siayngco, 4 October 2004 Villalon v. Villalon, 475 S 572 Buenaventura v. CA, 454 S 261 Barcelona v. CA, 412 S 41 RP v. Hamano, 428 S 735 Macarrubo v. Macarrubo, 424 S 42 Dedel v. CA, 29 January 2004 Republic v. Dagdag, 351 S 425 Pesca v. Pesca, 17 April 2001 Marcos v. Marcos, 19 October 2000 Hernandez v. CA, 8 December 1999

Action for Declaration of Nullity of Marriage Art. 48 in rel. to A.M No. 02-11-10-SC Who May Bring

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Enrico v. Heirs, 534 S 418 as compared to Catalan v. CA, 6 February 2007 and Ninal v. Bayadog, 14 March 2000 as clarified in Ablaza v. Republic, 11 August 2010 Carlos v. Sandoval, 16 December 2008

Prescriptive Period Art. 39 Mallion v. Alcantara, 506 S 336 Appearance of the State / Prohibition vs. Default Judgment Art. 48 Maquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007 RP v. Cuison-Melgar, 486 S 177 (31 March 2006) Corpus v. Ochoterena, 435 S 446 Macias v. Macias, 410 S 365 Sin v. Sin, 355 S 285 Ancheta v. Ancheta, 4 March 2004 Tuason v. CA and Tuason, 256 S 158 (10 April 1996) Pacete v. Carriaga, 17 March 1994 Right to Support and Custody During Pendency of Action Art. 49 in rel. to Art. 213 Silva v. CA, 275 S 604 Necessity of Final Judgment / Requirements for Remarriage Art. 40 in rel. to Arts. 51-53 Jarillo v. People, 29 June 2010 Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001 Leonor v. CA and Beldia, 2 April 1996 Balogbog v. Balogbog, 7 March 1997 Tamano v. Ortiz, 29 June 1998 Domingo v. CA, 226 S 106 Bobis v. Bobis, 336 S 747 Ty v. CA, 346 S 86 Effects of Declaration of Nullity Art. 43-44 in rel. to Arts. 50-53 Valdes v. Valdes, 31 July 1996 Status of Children born of Void Marriage Art. 54 in rel. to Art. 165 E. VOIDABLE / Annullable MARRIAGES Meaning of Voidable / Annullable Marriage Grounds Art. 45-46 in rel. tots. 2 and 4 1. Lack of Parental Consent Art. 45, par. 1 in rel. to Art. 14 and R.A. 6809 2. Insanity Art. 45, par. 2 Distinguished from Psychological Incapacity 3. Fraud Art. 45, par. 3 in rel. to Art. 46 Concelment Defined Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006 Anaya v. Palaroan, 36 S 97 Buccat v. Buccat, 72 P 19

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

4.

Force, Intimidation, Undue Influence Art. 45, par. 4 in rel. to Arts. 1335, 1336, 1337 of Civil Code of the Philippines Art. 12, par. 5 and 6, Revised Penal Code Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006 Macarrubo v. Macarrubo, 27 February 2004 Pp. v. Santiago, 51 P 68 Reyes v. Zaballero, 89 P 39

5.

Impotency Art. 45, par. 5 in rel. to Art. 1 Impotencia Copulandi and Impotentia Generandi, Distinguished Relative Impotency Burden of Proof Veronica Cabacungan Alcazar v. Rey C. Alcazar, 13 October 2009. Villanueva v. CA, 27 October 2006 Doctrine of Triennial Cohabitation Jimenez v. Canzinares, 109 P 173 Jimenez v. Republic, 10 P 274

6.

Affliction of a Sexually Transmissible Disease Art. 45, par. 6 distinguished from Art. 46 (3) Ratification / Convalidation of Voidable Marriage Modes Art. 45 in rel. to Art. 47 Free Cohabitation, How Proven To What Marriages Applicable Prescription Period of Prescription Effects of Ratification / Convalidation

Action for Annulment of Marriage Art. 47 and A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC, Who May Bring and Within What Period Art. 48, Appearance of the State Pacete v. Carriaga, 17 March 1994 Tuazon, 256 S 158 (10 April 1996) Right to Support and Custody During Pendency of Action Art. 49 in rel. to Art. 213 Necessity of Final Judgment / Requirements for Remarriage Arts. 49 in rel. to Art. 213 Effects of Annulment Arts. 50-51 in rel. to Arts. 43-44 F. LEGAL SEPARATION Concept of Legal Separation A Vinculo Matrimoni and A Mensa Et Thoro, Distinguished History of Divorce and Legal Separation Arts. 45-55, P.D. 1083 or Code of Muslim Personal Laws Legal Separation and Separation of Property, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 134-136 Legal Separation and Separation of Property, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 134-136 Legal Separation and Separation De Facto, Distinguished Art. 55 in rel. to Arts. 100-101 Grounds

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Art. 55 (1) to (10) in rel. to Arts. 101 and 128 Arts. 247, 333 and 334, Revised Penal Code Ong v. Ong, 505 S 76 Banez v. Banez, 374 S 340 Gaudionco v. Penaranda, 27 November 1987 Prima Partosa-Jo v. CA, 216 S 692 Defenses Art. 56 1. Condonation / Pardon Art. 56, par. 1 Forms Arroyo v. CA, 19 November 1991 Ginez v. Bugayong, 100 P 616 People v. Zapanta and Bondoc, 16 May 1951 Ocampo v. Florenciano, 23 February 1960 2. Consent Art. 56, par. 2 Distinguished from COndonation Forms Matubis v. Praxedes, 109 P 789 Pp. v. Schneckenberger, 73 P 413 Pp. v. Sansano, 59 P 73 3. Connivance Art. 56, par. 3 Distinguished from Entrapment 4. Recrimation / Mutual Guilt Art. 56, par. 4 Same or Different Grounds Rationale Benedicto v. Dela Rama, 3 P 34 5. Collusion Art. 56, par. 5 in rel. to Art. 60, par. 2 How Committed 6. Prescription Art. 56, par. 6 in rel. to Art. 57 Brown v. Yambao, 102 P 168 Ocampo v. Florenciano, 23 February 1960 Contreras v. Macaraig, 33 S 222 Action for Legal Separation Procedure, A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC Mandatory Cooling-Off Period Art. 58, Rationale Araneta v. Conception, 99 P 709 Pacete v. Cariaga, 231 S 321 Somosa-Ramos v. Vamerita, 46 S 110 Exception: Provision on R.A. 9262 Art. 59, Duty of Court to Effect Reconciliation Art. 60, Necessity of Trial and Intervention of State Effects

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

1.

Legal Separation Pendente Lite Arts. 61-62 in rel. to Art. 49 Sabalones v. CA, 14 February 1994 Espiritu and Layug v. CA, 15 March 1995 Lapuz Sy v. Eufemio, 43 S 177

2.

Decree of Legal Separation Arts. 63 and 64 in rel. to Arts. 43, 213 Laperal v. Republic, 6 S 357 Siochi vs. Gozon, 18 March 2010

3.

Reconciliation Arts. 65-67 Procedure On Pending Case On Final Decree of Legal Separation On Property Relations Registration Requirements

G.

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES Gender Relations in Marriage / Gender Stereotypes Arts 68-81 in rel. to Arts. 100 and 127 Art. II, sec. 14 and Art. XIII, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution Art. II (2) and Art. 247, Revised Penal Code Rule 130, Rules of Evidence on Marriage Privilege Rule and Communication Ilusorio v. Ilusorio, 12 May 2000 Arroyo v. Vasquez-Arroyo, 42 P 54 Goitia v. Campos Rueda, 35 P 252 Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 S 335, 17 S 674 Cuenca v. Cuenca, 8 December 1988 Go v. CA, 272 S 752

Rule

H.

PROPERTY RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES Art. 1 in rel to Art. 16, Civil Code of the Philippines 1. Marriage Settlement / Ante-Nuptial or Pre-Nuptial Agreement Arts. 74-81 Definition and Purpose Form and Essential Elements Terms, Conditions and Stipulations Governing Law Effect if Marriage Does Not Take Place 2. Donations Propter Nuptias Arts. 82-87 in rel. to Art. 725 of the Civil Code of the Philippines Definition and Purpose Requisites Prohibition against Donation to Each Other Arts. 84 and 87 in rel. to Arts. 1490 and 1782, Civil Code of the Philippines Arcaba v. Vda. De Batocael, 370 S 414 Matabuena v. Cervantes, 38 S 284 Grecio v. Sun Life, 48 P 53 Harding v. Commercial Union, 38 P 464 Revocation Art. 86 in rel. to Art. 50, 43 (3) and Arts. 134, 764, 769, 1144-1145, Civil Code

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

3. Absolute Community of Property Arts. 88-104 History When Mandatory Effect of Waiver of Rights Property Included Arts. 91, 95 Navarro v. Judge Escobido and Go, 27 November 2009 Property Excluded Arts. 92, 95 Villanueva v. CA, 427 S 439 Ching v. CA, 423 S 371 Tan v. CA, 273 S 229 Charges Against / Obligations of Absolute Community Arts. 94-95 in rel. to Arts. 194-195 Go v. CA, 272 S 752 Arts. 96-98 Compared with Art. 206, Civil Code of the Philippines Remedies in case of Disagreements Sole Administration, When Permissible Siochi vs. Gozon, et al., 18 March 2010 Disposition: a) of Absolute Community Property

Arts. 96, par. 2 and Art. 98 in rel. to Art. 739, Civil Code b) Pelayo v. Perez, 459 SCRA 475 Ros and Aguete v. PNB Laoag, 6 April 2011 Aggabao v. Parulan, 1 September 2010 Fuentes, et al. v. Roca, et al., 21 April 2010 Sps. De Leon, et al. v. De Leon, et al., 23 July 2009 Sps. Bautista v. Silva, 502 S 334 Homeowners Savings and Loan v. Dallo, 453 S 283 Abalos v. Macatangay, 439 S 649 Roxas v. CA, 26 June 1991 Nicolas v. CA, 154 S 635 of Respective Interest in Absolute Community Property

Dissolution and Liquidation of Absolute Community Grounds Art. 99 in rel. to Arts. 103, 63-64, 50-52, 134-138 Muller v. Muller, 500 S 65 Cruz v. Cristobal, 498 S 37 Go v. Yamane, 489 S 107 Oligario v. CA, 238 S 96 Nable-Jose v. Nable-Jose, 41 P 713 Luna v. Linatoc, 74 P 15 Effect of Separation De Facto Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 S 335 Wong v. CA, 19 August 1991 Prima Partosa-Jo v. CA, 216 S 692 Liquidation Procedure Arts. 102-104 De Ocampo v. Delizo, 69 S 216

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Vda. De Consuegra v. GSIS, 37 S 315

4. Conjugal Partnership of Gains Arts. 105-133 History and Concept Distinguished from Absolute Community Regime When Apllicable Applicability of Ordinary Partnership Rules Exclusive Property of Each Spouse Art. 109, 113-115 Salvador v. CA, 243 S 239 Sarmiento v. Ordones, 17 August 1987 Villanueva v. IAC, 192 S 21 Tan v CA, 273 S 229 Ownership, Possession, Enjoyment and Administration of Exclusive Property Arts. 110-112 Manotok Realty v. CA, 30 April 1987 Ong v. CA, 29 November 1991 Property Included in Conjugal Partnership of Gains Arts. 116-120 Ravina v. Abrille, 16 October 2009 Titan Construction Corporation v. david, 15 March 2010. Ching v. CA, 23 February 2004 Castro v. Miat, 397 S 271 Francisco v. CA, 25 November 1998 Diaz v. CA, 10 November 1986 Ayala Investments v. CA, 12 February 1998 Salvador v. CA, 243 S 239

Charges Against / Obligations of Conjugal Partnership Property Arts. 121-123 in rel. to Arts. 194-195 Domingo v. Reed, 477 S 227 Pana vs. Heirs of Jose Juanite Sr., et al, GR No. 164201, 10 December 2012 Enbrodo v. CA, 233 S 755 Carlos v. Abelardo, 9 April 2002 BA Finance v. CA, 28 May 1988 Johnson and Johnson v. CA, 23 September 1996 Ownership, Possession, Employment and Administration of Conjugal Partnership Property Remedies in case of Disagreements Arts. 124-125 Bautista v. Silva, 502 S 334 Alfredo v. Borras, 404 S 145 Jardeleza v. Jardeleza, 347 S 10 Guiang v. CA, 26 June 1998 Nicolas v. CA, 12 October 1987 Sole Administration, When Permissible Art. 124 Uy v. CA, 346 S 246 Sabalones v. CA, 230 S 79 Relucio v. Lopez, 16 January 2002 Dissolution and Liquidation of Conjugal Partnership Grounds Art. 126 in rel. to Arts. 103, 63-64, 50-52, 134-138 Nable- Jose v. Nable-Jose, 41 P 713

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Effect of Separation De Facto Art. 127-128 Abalos v. Macatangay, 439 S 649 Heirs of Reyes v. Mijares, 410 S 97 Castro v. Miat, 397 S 271 Perez v. CA, 255 S 238 Liquidation Procedure Arts. 129-133 Quiao v. Quiao, GR No. 176556, 4 July 2012 5. Separation of Property Voluntary Separation of Properety Arts. 134, 143-146 Maquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007 In re Bernas, 14 S 327 Lacson v. Lacson, 24 S 837 Judicial Separation of Property Art. 135-141 Grounds Procedure Revival 6. Property Regime of Unions without Marriage a) Void Marriages or Live-In Relationships Art. 147 Co-Ownership, Concept Maxey v. CA, 129 S 187 Dino v. Dino, 19 January 2011 Abing v. CA, GR No. 146294, 31 July 2006 Buenaventura v. CA, 31 March 2005 MAquilan v. Maquilan, 8 June 2007 Gonzales v. Gonzales, 478 S 327 Flora v. Pardo, 420 S 396 Mercado v. Fehr, 414 S 288 Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001 Valdes v. RTC, 31 July 1996 Mallilin Jr. v. Castillo, 333 S 628 Tumlos v. Fernandez, 330 718 Malang v. Moson, 338 S 393 b) Bigamous, Adulterous, Etc. Relationships Art. 148 Actual Joint Contribution, Concept Francisco v. Reyes, 434 S 260 Joaquin v. Reyes, 434 S 260 Saguid v. CA, 10 June 2003 Carino v. Carino, 2 February 2001 Uy v. CA, 232 S 579 Balcodero v. CA, 227 S 303 Juaniza v. Jose, 89 S 306 Adriano v. CA, 27 March 2000 VII. THE FAMILY Art. 149 in rel. to Art. 1 and Art. XV and Art. XV and Art. II, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution Family Relations, Coverage Art. 150 Guerrero v. RTC, 229 S 274

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Scavias v. CA, 273 803 Compromise

Suit Among Members of the Same Family / Necessity of Earnest Efforts toward Art. 151 in rel. to Art. 2035, Civil Code of the Philippines Hiyas Savings v. Acuna, 500 S 514 Martinez v. Martinez, 461 S 562 Hontiveros v. RTC of Iloilo City, 309 S 340 Vda. De MAnalo v. CA, 16 January 2001 Prohibited Compromise Arts. 2034-2035 of the Civil Code of the Philippines Santos v. CA, 475 S 1 Mendoza v. CA, 19 S 756 Versoza v. Versoza, 27 November 1968 Family Home Arts. 152-162 Definition How Constituted / Requisites Trinidad-Ramos v. Pangilinan, 20 July 2010 Modequillo v. Breva, 31 May 1990

Beneficiaries of Family Home Benefits / Exemptions Spouses Fortaleza v. Spouses Lapitan, GR No. 178288, 15 August 2012 Trinidad-Ramos v. Pangilinan, 20 July 2010 Josef v. Santos, 27 November 2008 Kelly v. Planters Products, 9 July 2008 Gomez v. Inez, 473 S 25 Manacop v. CA, 11 August 1997 Taneo v. CA, 304 S 308

VIII.

PATERNITY AND FILIATION Paternity, Maternity, Filiation, Defined Kinds of Filiation Kinds / Status of Children De Asis v. CA, 303 S 176 Fernandez v. Fernandez, 363 S 811

A.

LEGITIMATE CHILDREN Art. 164 in rel. to Arts. 54 and 43 (1) Presumption of Legitimacy Children by Artificial Insemination, Requirements Action to Impugn Legitimacy Art. 166-169, Grounds Conception v. CA, 468 S 438 Angeles v. Maglaya, 469 S 363 Abalos v. Macatangay, 439 S 649 Jao v. CA, 152 S 359 Andal v. Macaraig, 89 P 165 Babiera v. Catotal, 333 S 487 Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 S 468 Who may File, Within What Period Arts. 170-171 Liyao v. Tanhoti-Liyao, 7 March 2002 Estate of Juan Dizon v. CA, 366 S 499 Action to Claim Legitimacy Proof of Legitimacy

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Art. 172 Who May File, When to File Art. 173 Perla v. Baring, GR No. 172471, 12 November 2012 Tijing v CA, 8 March 2001 Go Kim Huy v. Go Kim Huy, 365 S 490 Rights of Legitimate Children Art. 174 in rel. to Arts. 194-196 Arts. 364, 369, 888 and 979, Civil Code of the Philippines Tecson v. COMELEC, 3 March 2004 In Re: Julian Lin Wang, 30 March 2005 B. ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN Art. 165 in rel. to Art. 54 Voluntary Recognition of Illegitimate Children, How Made Cabatania v. Regodos, 441 S 96 Eceta v. Eceta, 428 S 782 Alberto v. CA, 232 S 745 De Jesus v. Estate of Dizon, 2 October 2001 as compared to Aparicho v. Parugaya, 29 May 1987 Compulsory Recognition Gotardo v. Buling, 15 August 2012 Rivero v. CA, 458 S 715 People v. Bayani, 8 October 1996 as compared to People v. Manahan, 29 September 1999 Proof of Illegitimacy Art. 172 Nepomuceno v. Lopez, 08 March 2010 Rivera v. Heirs, 496 S 135 Cruz v. Cristobal, 498 S 37 CAbatania v. CA, 441 S 96 Lagabala v. Santiago, 4 December 2001 Ilano v. CA, 230 S 242 Fernandez v. CA, 260 S 130 Rodriguez v. CA, 245 S 150 Jison v. Jison, 24 February 1998 Pe Lim v. CA, 270 S 1 DNA Tests: Probative Value in Paternity Cases Tijing v. CA, 8 March 2001 Agustin v. CA, 460 S 315 (DNA Testing) Herrera v. Alba, 460 S 197 Pp v. Vallejo, 9 May 2002 Pp. v. Yatar, 428 S 504 Rules on DNA Evidence, Admin. Matter www.sc.judiciary.gov.ph

06-11-05-SC,

effective

15

Oct

2007,

Who May File and Whn to File Action for Compulsory Recognition Art. 175, par. 2 Estate of Ong v. Diaz, 540 S 480 Guy v. CA, 502 S 151 Rivero v. CA, 458 S 714 Briones v. Miguel, 440 S 455 Herrera v. Alba, 460 S 197 Marquino v. IAC, 27 June 1994 Tayag v. CA, 209 S 665 People v. Bayani, 8 October 1996 Republic v. Abadilla, 29 January 1999

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Saint Louis University

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Rights of Illegitimate Children Art. 176 in rel. to R.A. 9255 Verceles v. Posadas, 27 April 2007 In the Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541 Briones v. Miguel, 440 S 455 Pp. v. Glabo, 371 S 567 Tonog v. CA, 376 S 358 Mossesgeld v. CA, 300 S 464 Silvia v. CA, 275 S 604 David v. CA, 250 S 82 C. LEGITIMATED CHILDREN Arts. 178-182 in relation to RA 9858 Rationale Art. 178, How Made Art. 177, Requisites De Santos v. Angeles, 12 December 1995 Abadilla v. Tabiliran, 249 S 448 *Parents who were minors (either or both) at the time of conception of child who subsequently marry Effects of Legitimation Rights of Legitimated Children Action to Impugn

D.

ADOPTED CHILDREN R.A. 8552 or the Domestic Adoption Act of 1998 Who May Adopt Who May be Adopted Republic v. Hughes, 26 October 1997 Republic v. Toledano, 8 June 1994 Republic v. Hernandez, 9 February 1996 Republic v. CA, 15 March 1996 Republic v. Dye, 20 March 1997 Substantive and Procedural Requirements In Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541 Cang v. CA, 25 September 1998 DSWD v. Belen, 275 S 645 Teotico v. Del Val, 13 S 406 Rescission of Adoption; Grounds, who May File Lahom v. Sibulo, 14 July 2003 R.A. 8043 or the Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995 P.D. 603 or the Child and Youth Welfare Code

IX.

SUPPORT Arts. 194-208 Rule 61, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure Concept and Extent Actual Need v. Capacity to Pay Arts. 201-202 Who Is Entitled to Support Arts. 195-197 Lacson v. Lacson, 499 S 677 Biones v. Miguel, 440 S 455 Quisumbing v. Icao, 34 S 132 Francisco v. Zandueta, 61 P 752 Ruiz v. CA, 29 January 1996

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE

Art. 203, When Demandable Art. 205, Exemption from Levy and Attachment Who Must Pay Support Arts. 195-197, 199-200 Sps. Lim v. Lim, 30 October 2009 Verceles v. Posada, 27 April 2007 Mangonon v. CA, 494 S 1 De Guzman v. Perez, 496 S 474 Lam v. Chua, 426 S 29 Reyes v. Ines-Luciano, 28 February 1979 Santero v. CFI, 14 September 1987

How Given Art. 203, par. 3 and Art. 204 Arts. 206-207, Right of Third Persons Who Pay Lacson v. Lacson, 499 S 677 Art. 208, Contractual Support or Support in A Will X. PARENTAL AUTHORITY AND CUSTODY Patria Potestas, Concept and Evolution Art. 209 Art. XV, Sec. 3 (1) and (2) of 1987 Constitution Child Defined, in rel. to R.A. 7610 and R.A. 9344 Art. 210, Characteristics of Parental Authority Art. 211, Who Exercises Parental Authority and Custody De Guzman v. Perez, 496 S 474 Tonog v. CA, 7 February 2002 Vancil v. Belmes, 19 June 2001 Bondagjiy v. Bondagjiy, 7 December 2001 Sayala v. Islao, 266 S 317 Effect of Disagreement, Absence / Death, Separation or Termination of Marriage of Arts. 212-213 in rel. to Arts. 49, 50, 62, 63 Tender Age Presumption Rule Gamboa-Hirsch v. CA, 11 July 2007 Gualberto v. Gualberto, 28 June 2005 Santos v. CA, 242 S 407 Galangco v. CA, 22 December 1997 Silva v. CA, 275 S 604 David v. CA, 250 S 82 Espiritu and LAyug v. CA and Masauding, 15 mArch 1995 Perez v. CA, 255 S 661 Sagala-Eslao v. CA and Cordero-Ouye, 16 January 1997 Oreta v. CA and Dandan, 22 December 1998 Art. 211, par. 2, Duties of Children Art. 215, Filial Privilege Rule Substitute Parental Authority When Applicable Arts. 214, 216, 222 Who May Exercise Arts. 216 and 217 Extent of Authority, Art. 233 Effects of Parental Authority Upon the Persons of the Children Arts. 220-221 in rel. to Art. 219 Libi v. IAC, 18 September 1992 Parents

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Tamargo v. CA, 209 S 5180

Disciplinary Measures Arts. 22-224 Effects of Parental Authority Upon Property of Children Ats. 225-227 Adventitious Ordinarious, Adventitious Extra-Ordinarious and Profectitious Property Termination / Suspension of Parental Authority Grounds for Termination Arts. 229, 232 in rel. to R.A 7610 Grounds for Suspension Landingin v. RP, 493 S 415 Sombong v. CA, 31 January 1996 Special Parental Authority Arts. 218-219 When Applicable Who Exercises Special Parental Authority: Extent of Responsibility / Liability Aquinas School v. Sps. Inton, 26 January 2011 St. Josephs College v. Miranda, 29 June 2010 St. Marys Academy v. Carpitanos, 6 February 2002 Amadora v. CA, 160 S 315 Salvosa v. IAC, 5 October 1988 PSBA v. CA, 4 February 1992 Extent of Special Parental Authority Art. 233, par. 2 XI. EMANCIPATION AND AGE OF MAJORITY Concept R.A. 6809 Effects Art. 236 NAMES AND SURNAMES Arts. 364-380, Civil Code of the Philippines in rel. to Art. 178, Revised Penal Code Use of Surname by Women Remo v. The Honorable Secretary of Foreign Affairs, 5 March 2010 Yasin v. Shaia District Court, 23 February 1995

XII.

Use of Surname by Children In the Re: Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 S 541 In Re: Julian Lin Wang, 30 March 2005

Similarity / Idenity of Names and Surnames Usurpation of Name / Surname in relation to CA 142 Pp v. Joseph Estrada, 2 April 2009 Cesario Ursua v. CA, 10 April 1996 XIII. ABSENCE Meaning Ordinary Absence and Qualified Absence, Distinguished Stages of Absence Provisional Absence Arts. 381-383, Civil Code of the Philippines Remedies Who May Be Appointed Provisional Representative Declared Absence

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LAW 111 PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS COURSE OUTLINE Arts. 384-386 Period

Bienvenido v. CA, 24 October 1994

Who May File Effectivity Date Appointment and Powers of Administrator Termination of Administration Contingent Rights of the Absentee Arts. 393-396 Presumptive Death Arts. 390-392 Purpose Periods XIV. CIVIL REGISTER Arts. 407-413 in rel. to R.A. 3753 and R.A 9048 or Clerical Error Law Purpose Entries Probative Value of Civil Register Amendments / Correction of Entries Arts. 376 and 412 in rel. to R.A. 9048 Republic v. Coseteng-Magpayo, 2 February 2011 Silverio v. Republic, 22 October 2007 RP v. Cagandahan, 12 September 2008 In the Re: Change of Name of Julian Wang, 30 March 2005 Lee v. CA, 11 October 2001

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