AMIKACIN

Therapeutic Category Antibiotic Pharmacologic class: Aminoglycoside Use/Indications Serious infections caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, or Staphylococcus Uncomplicated UTI caused by organisms not susceptible to less toxic drugs Active tuberculosis, with other anti-tuberculotics Pharmacological Effects Inhibits protein synthesis by binding directly to the 30S ribosomal subunit; bactericidal.. Adverse Reactions CNS: neuromuscular blockade. EENT: ototoxicity. GU: azotemia, nephrotoxicity, increase in urinary excretion of casts. Musculoskeletal: arthralgia. Respiratory: apnea. Precautions/Warnings/Contraindication May increase BUN, creatinine, nonprotein nitrogen, and urine urea levels. Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or other aminoglycosides. Use cautiously in patients with neuromuscular disorders, in neonates and infants, and in elderly patients. Pregnancy category: D Breast-feeding: Avoid during treatment Interactions: Acyclovir,amphotericin B, bacitracin, cephalosporins,cidofovir, cisplatin, methoxyflurane, vancomycin, other aminoglycosides: May increase nephrotoxicity. Use together cautiously, and monitor renal function test results. I.V. loop diuretics such as furosemide: May increase ototoxicity. Use together cautiously, and monitor patients hearing. Parenteral penicillins: May inactivate amikacin in vitro. Dont mix. Atracurium, pancuronium, rocuronium, vecuronium: May increase effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, including prolonged respiratory depression. Use together only when necessary. Dimenhydrinate: May mask ototoxicity symptoms. Monitor patients hearing. General anesthetics: May increase neuromuscular blockade. Monitor patient for increased effects. Indomethacin: May increase trough and peak amikacin levels. Monitor amikacin level. Dosing Neonates: Initially 10 mg/kg I.V.; then 7.5 mg/kg every 12 hours Adult: 15 mg/kg/day I.M. or I.V. infusion, in divided doses every 8 to 12 hours Brand Available: Parenteral: Amkay 25/50/100/250/500mg/2ml Grasil 100/250/500mg/2ml