UNDERGROUND CABLES

A FUTURE TRANSMISSION LINES

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION COMPARISION BETWEEN OVER HEAD LINES AND UNDER GROUND CABLES DIFFERENT IMAGES FOR CABLES CLASSIFICATION OF CABLES TYPES OF CABLES MERITS & DEMERITS CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
CABLE:

A conductor for transmitting electrical or optical signals or electric power

The electrical energy can be transmitted and

Distributed with the overhead transmission or by Underground cables.

Among these two underground is more preferred than

Over head transmission.

COMPARISION BETWEEN OVERHEAD LINES AND UNDERGROUND CABLES

Electricity can be transmitted from one place to another through either

the overhead lines or underground cables.

OVERHEAD LINES:
Inductance plays predominant role in overhead lines. The insulation cost is less in overhead lines. The erection cost is also less .

UNDERGROUND CABLES
These cables give greater safety to the public and better out look to the city. These are used in submarine crossings. These cables provide less interference with amenities.

Different images for cables

CLASSIFICATION OF CABLES
Cables for underground service may classified into two ways ,according

to

a) The type of insulating material used by the manufacturer.

b) The voltage for which they are used manufactured. They are:
Low tension cables {L.T} up to 1000v.

High tension cables{H.T} up to 11kv.

Super tension cables{S.T} from 23kv to 33kv. Extra high tension cables{E.H.T} from 33kv to 66kv. Extra super voltage cables beyond 132kv.

TYPES OF CABLES FOR THREE PHASE SERVICE

In practice underground cables are generally used to deliver 3-phase

power. For the purpose three core cable or three single core cables may be used.
For voltage up to 66kv 3-core cable is preferred due to economic

reasons. The following cables are generally used for three phase service are : a) Belted cables up to 11kv. b) screened cables from 22kv to 66kv. c) pressure cables beyond 66kv.

BELTED CABLE

THREE CORE H-TYPE CABLE

THREE CORE S.L.TYPE CABLE

THREE CORE FILLER SPACE CHANNEL OIL FILLED CABLE.

OIL FILLED CABLES OF SINGLE CORE & THREE CORE CABLE.

IMPREGNTED PRESSURE CABLE

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES:
Less subject to damage from severe weather conditions (mainly

lightning, wind and freezing).

Underground cables pose no hazard to low flying aircraft or to wildlife. Much less subject to conductor theft, illegal connections, sabotage, and

damage from armed conflict. DISADVANTAGES:

Underground cable locations are not always obvious, which can lead to

unwary diggers damaging cables or being electrocuted.

Operations are more difficult since the high reactive power of

underground cables produces large charging currents and so makes voltage control more difficult.
Undergrounding is more expensive, since the cost of burying cables at

transmission voltages is several times greater than overhead power lines, and the life-cycle cost of an underground power cable is two to four times the cost of an overhead power line

CONCLUSION
Underground cables offer an affordable and

justifiable solution for critical parts, and in some cases the entire length, of overhead high voltage power lines. With appropriate technology used in appropriate places, the environmental impact of underground cables can be minimised.

BY: M.SREENIVASULU & M.D.PAWAN KUMAR