Visual

C++
:
: 29.10.2012

Visual C++ (VCProject)

Visual Studio.

.

Visual C++ ,
, , MSVS . Visual Studio latebound VCProjects. Visual C++
Visual Studio, Visual C++
(vcrpoj/vcxproj) . Visual C++
COM , VCProjectEngine.dll,
Visual Studio.

VCProject
Visual Studio - ,
, , , .. MSVS
. ,
, Project.
Visual C++ :
Projects
|- Project -- Object(unique for the project type)
|- ProjectItems (a collection of ProjectItem)
|- ProjectItem (single object) -- ProjectItems (another
collection)
|- Object(unique for the project type)
Projects Project.
Project , .. ,
.
, , .
Project.Object. , Visual
C++ VCProject:
VCProject vcproj = proj.Object as VCProject;

 Projects IDE solution

dte.Solution.Projects DTE.GetObject:
Projects vcprojs = m_dte.GetObject("VCProjects") as Projects;
ProjectItems
ProjectItem. Project, ProjectItem ,
ProjectItems (
ProjectItem.ProjectItems) Project.
ProjectItem.Object. ,
Visual C++ VCFile:
VCFile file = projectItem.Object as VCFile;
:
Project proj = projectItem.Object as Project;

Solution
Solution
IVsHierarchy. ,
, .
DWORD VSITEMID.

.

VsShellUtilities.GetHierarchy:
public static IVsHierarchy ToHierarchy(EnvDTE.Project project)
{
System.IServiceProvider serviceProvider =
new ServiceProvider(project.DTE as
Microsoft.VisualStudio.OLE.Interop.IServiceProvider);
Guid guid = GetProjectGuid(serviceProvider, project);
if (guid == Guid.Empty)
return null;
return VsShellUtilities.GetHierarchy(serviceProvider, guid);
}

GUID .
GetProjectGuid, :
private static Guid GetProjectGuid(System.IServiceProvider
serviceProvider, Project project)
{
if (ProjectUnloaded(project))
return Guid.Empty;
IVsSolution solution =

(IVsSolution)serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(SVsSolution)) as
IVsSolution;
IVsHierarchy hierarchy;
solution.GetProjectOfUniqueName(project.FullName, out hierarchy);
if (hierarchy != null)
{
Guid projectGuid;
ErrorHandler.ThrowOnFailure(
hierarchy.GetGuidProperty(
VSConstants.VSITEMID_ROOT,
(int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_ProjectIDGuid,
out projectGuid));
if (projectGuid != null)
{
return projectGuid;
}
}
return Guid.Empty;
}

IEnumHierarchies
, , solution. GetProjectEnum.
Visual C++ Solution :
IVsSolution solution = PVSStudio._IVsSolution;
if (null != solution)
{
IEnumHierarchies penum;
Guid nullGuid = Guid.Empty;
Guid vsppProjectGuid =
new Guid("8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942");
//You can ask the solution to enumerate projects based on the
//__VSENUMPROJFLAGS flags passed in. For
//example if you want to only enumerate C# projects use
//EPF_MATCHTYPE and pass C# project guid. See
//Common\IDL\vsshell.idl for more details.
int hr = solution.GetProjectEnum(
(uint)(__VSENUMPROJFLAGS.EPF_LOADEDINSOLUTION |
__VSENUMPROJFLAGS.EPF_MATCHTYPE),
ref vsppProjectGuid, out penum);
ErrorHandler.ThrowOnFailure(hr);
if ((VSConstants.S_OK == hr) && (penum != null))
{
uint fetched;
IVsHierarchy[] rgelt = new IVsHierarchy[1];
PatternsForActiveConfigurations.Clear();

while (penum.Next(1, rgelt, out fetched) == 0 && fetched == 1)

{
...
}
}
}

GetProjectEnum GUID
. GUID Visual Studio/MSBuild
. penum.Next()
( rgelt). ,
, ,
.
IDE PVS-Studio, , ,
, .. , GUID
, , . ,
VCProject, Android. ,
, ..
API VCProject (,
OpenMP). ,
, ,
. ,
( ) IDE,
.
IVsHierarchy ,
Solution hierarchy.GetProperty,
:
EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(VSConstants.VSITEMID_ROOT, MyProjectHierarchy,
0, true);
...
public void EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(uint itemid, IVsHierarchy
hierarchy, int recursionLevel, bool visibleNodesOnly)
{
if (hierarchy == null)
return;
int hr; object pVar;
hr = hierarchy.GetProperty(itemid,
(int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_ExtObject, out pVar);
ProjectItem projectItem = pVar as ProjectItem;
if (projectItem != null)
{
...
}

recursionLevel++;
//Get the first child node of the current hierarchy being walked
hr = hierarchy.GetProperty(itemid,
(visibleNodesOnly ? (int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_FirstVisibleChild
:(int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_FirstChild),
out pVar);
Microsoft.VisualStudio.ErrorHandler.ThrowOnFailure(hr);
if (VSConstants.S_OK == hr)
{
//We are using Depth first search so at each level we recurse
//to check if the node has any children
// and then look for siblings.
uint childId = GetItemId(pVar);
while (childId != VSConstants.VSITEMID_NIL)
{
EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(childId, hierarchy, recursionLevel,
visibleNodesOnly);
hr = hierarchy.GetProperty(childId,
(visibleNodesOnly ?
(int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_NextVisibleSibling :
(int)__VSHPROPID.VSHPROPID_NextSibling),
out pVar);
if (VSConstants.S_OK == hr)
{
childId = GetItemId(pVar);
}
else
{
Microsoft.VisualStudio.ErrorHandler.ThrowOnFailure(hr);
break;
}
}
}
}
private uint GetItemId(object pvar)
{
if (pvar == null) return VSConstants.VSITEMID_NIL;
if (pvar is int) return (uint)(int)pvar;
if (pvar is uint) return (uint)pvar;
if (pvar is short) return (uint)(short)pvar;
if (pvar is ushort) return (uint)(ushort)pvar;
if (pvar is long) return (uint)(long)pvar;
return VSConstants.VSITEMID_NIL;
}
ProjectItem
Visual ++ Object,
.

 Solution
DTE.Solution.Projects:
if (m_DTE.Solution.Projects != null)
{
try
{
foreach (object prj in m_DTE.Solution.Projects)
{
EnvDTE.Project proj = prj as EnvDTE.Project;
if (proj != null)
WalkSolutionFolders(proj);
}
}
}
, Solution - (Solution
Folders). Project :
public void WalkSolutionFolders(Project prj)
{
VCProject vcprj = prj.Object as VCProject;
if (vcprj != null && prj.Kind.Equals(VCCProjectTypeGUID))
{
if (!ProjectExcludedFromBuild(prj))
{
IVsHierarchy projectHierarchy = ToHierarchy(prj);
EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(VSConstants.VSITEMID_ROOT,
projectHierarchy, 0, false);
}
}
else if (prj.ProjectItems != null)
{
foreach (ProjectItem item in prj.ProjectItems)
{
Project nextlevelprj = item.Object as Project;
if (nextlevelprj != null && !ProjectUnloaded(nextlevelprj))
WalkSolutionFolders(nextlevelprj);
}
}
}

, , ..
:
public bool ProjectExcludedFromBuild(Project project)
{
if (project.UniqueName.Equals("<MiscFiles>",
StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
return true;

Solution2 solution = m_DTE.Solution as Solution2;

SolutionBuild2 solutionBuild =
(SolutionBuild2)solution.SolutionBuild;
SolutionContexts projectContexts =
solutionBuild.ActiveConfiguration.SolutionContexts;
//Skip this project if it is excluded from build.
bool shouldbuild =
projectContexts.Item(project.UniqueName).ShouldBuild;
return !shouldbuild;
}

, Solution Explorer,
DTE.SelectedItems.
foreach (SelectedItem item in items)
{
VCProject vcproj = null;
if (item.Project != null)
{
vcproj = item.Project.Object as VCProject;
if (vcproj != null && item.Project.Kind.Equals("{" +
VSProjectTypes.VCpp + "}"))
{
IVsHierarchy projectHierarchy = ToHierarchy(item.Project);
PatternsForActiveConfigurations.Clear();
EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(VSConstants.VSITEMID_ROOT,
projectHierarchy, 0, false, files, showProgressDialog);
}
else if (item.Project.ProjectItems != null)
{
//solution folder
if (!ProjectUnloaded(item.Project))
WalkSolutionFolders(item.Project);
}
}
else if (item.ProjectItem != null)
{
//walking files
...
else if (item.ProjectItem.ProjectItems != null)
if (item.ProjectItem.ProjectItems.Count > 0)
WalkProjectItemTree(item.ProjectItem);
}
}
private void WalkProjectItemTree(object CurrentItem)
{
Project CurProject = null;

CurProject = CurrentItem as Project;

if (CurProject != null)
{
IVsHierarchy projectHierarchy = ToHierarchy(CurProject);
PatternsForActiveConfigurations.Clear();
EnumHierarchyItemsFlat(VSConstants.VSITEMID_ROOT,
projectHierarchy, 0, false);
return;
}
ProjectItem item = null;
item = CurrentItem as ProjectItem;
if (item != null)
{
...
if (item.ProjectItems != null)
if (item.ProjectItems.Count > 0)
{
foreach (object NextItem in item.ProjectItems)
WalkProjectItemTree(NextItem);
}
}
}

Visual C++ ( , , , ..) /++
xml (vcproj/vcxproj). Visual Studio
(Property Pages).
(,
Debug Release) (Win32, x64, IA64 ..).
,
( ).
,
ExcludedFromBuild, cpp
.

Visual C++ VCConfiguration
( ) VCFileConfiguration ( ).
ProjectItem, Solution
.
ProjectItem item;
VCFile vcfile = item.Object as VCFile;
Project project = item.ContainingProject;
String pattern = "Release|x64";
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))

return null;
VCFileConfiguration fileconfig = null;
IVCCollection fileCfgs = (IVCCollection)vcfile.FileConfigurations;
fileconfig = fileCfgs.Item(pattern) as VCFileConfiguration;
if (fileconfig == null)
if (fileCfgs.Count == 1)
fileconfig = (VCFileConfiguration)fileCfgs.Item(0);
VCFile (/C++
) Item(), pattern (
) . Pattern
. ( IDE)
.
ConfigurationManager cm = project.ConfigurationManager;
Configuration conf = cm.ActiveConfiguration;
String platformName = conf.PlatformName;
String configName = conf.ConfigurationName;
String pattern = configName + "|" + platformName;
return pattern;

ActiveConfiguration , ..
IDE - PVSStudio. ,
, Visual Studio
.
,

. , COM
, , EnvDTE ,
.
, :
VCConfiguration cfg=(VCConfiguration)fileconfig.ProjectConfiguration;

General, ,
VCConfiguration.Tools VCFileConfiguration.Tool (
).
, , , C++ VCCLCompilerTool:
ct = ((IVCCollection)cfg.Tools).Item("VCCLCompilerTool") as
VCCLCompilerTool;
ctf = fileconfig.Tool as VCCLCompilerTool;

 AdditionalOptions ,
Evaluate.
String ct_add = fileconfig.Evaluate(ct.AdditionalOptions);
String ctf_add = fileconfig.Evaluate(ctf.AdditionalOptions);

Property Sheets
(property sheets) XML props,
(..
, , ). Property sheets

, .. ,
(vcproj/vcxproj), props
.
(Property sheets) Visual C++
VCPropertySheet. VCPropertySheet
VCConfiguration. PropertySheets:
IVCCollection PSheets_all = fileconfig.PropertySheets;
PropertySheets VCPropertySheet
.
:
private void ProcessAllPropertySheets(VCConfiguration cfg,
IVCCollection PSheets)
{
foreach (VCPropertySheet propertySheet in PSheets)
{
VCCLCompilerTool ctPS =
(VCCLCompilerTool)((IVCCollection)propertySheet.Tools).Item(
"VCCLCompilerTool");
if (ctPS != null)
{
...
IVCCollection InherPSS = propertySheet.PropertySheets;
if (InherPSS != null)
if (InherPSS.Count != 0)
ProcessAllPropertySheets(cfg, InherPSS);
}
}
}

VCCLCompilerTool ( )
PropertySheet . , ,
, .

 VCPropertySheet ,
Evaluate .
, , ,
props . ,
MSBuild, 4 , vcxproj
Visual Studio 2010. MSBuildThisFileDirectory, ,
, cfg.Evaluate vcxproj ,
props , .
Visual C++
. props ,
. ,
MSVC props .
props
, . ,
CharacterSet Property Sheets
props ,
(Unicode, _Unicode). , , props ,
,
, API
. ,
.

1. MSDN. Visual C++ Project Model.
2. MSDN. Project Modeling.
3. MSDN. Automation Model Overview.

0. .
1. , Microsoft Visual Studio
2005/2008/2010/2012.
2. Visual Studio. EnvDTE.
3. Visual Studio.
4. Visual Studio.
5. Visual Studio.
6. Visual C++.