Organic and Inorganic Compound

*Elements and Compounds An element is a pure substance that consists of one type of atom distinguished by its atomic number, which is the number of atomic protons in its nucleus. It cannot be separated into a simpler substance because its already in its simplest form. It can be divided into metals (e.g. gold, copper and iron), non-metals (e.g. carbon, sulfur and polonium) and metalloids (e.g. silicon, boron and arsenic) respectively. Elements are not considered chemical compounds even if they consist of molecules that contain only multiple atoms of a single element (such as H 2, S8, etc.), which are called diatomic molecules or polyatomic molecules. Example of Element

GOLD

COPPER

SILVER

A compound is a substance that consists of two or more chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by means of chemical reactions. They have unique and defined chemical structure. They consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds which can be molecular compounds. Examples of Compounds

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

WATER

AMMONIUM OXIDE

SODIUM CHLORINE

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

According to Melting and Boiling points, we can conclude that organic compounds have lower melting points and boiling points while inorganic compounds have higher melting and boiling points. In stability towards heat, organic compounds are less stable towards heat while the inorganic compounds are more stable towards heat e.g. salt which can be stable even at very high temperatures. In combustibility, organic compounds are usually combustible, while inorganic compounds are most often non-combustible.
Difference Between Organic and Inorganic Compounds Organic compounds are extracted from living organism(plants,animals etc) and inorganic compounds are extracted from non living things(rocks,in laboratory etc).These days organic compounds can be artificially created by human beings, and moreover organic compounds have been found in outer space where there are no living beings.But this the difference which is very basic,in terms of chemistry their are lot of differences between Organic and inorganic compounds,lets discuss about them in detail.

Organic Compounds:Substance whose molecules contain one or more (often many more) carbon atomscovalent bonded with another element or radical(including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon and sulfur).

A few exceptions are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, carbides, and thyocyanates, which are considered inorganic. Examples of organic compounds are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Inorganic Compounds:Any compound not containing carbon atoms or any compound that containing carbon atoms ionically bound to other atoms.(carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, carbides, and thyocyanates). Inorganic compound have salt forming capacity while organic compound do not form salts. Organic compound have the molecules which contain carbon and hydrogen. Inorganic compound come mainly from mineral sources of non biological origin. Examples:- NaCl,H2,H2SO4 etc. Difference Between Organic and Inorganic Compounds(Organic vs Inorganic Compounds):1. Organic compounds are extracted from living beings while inorganic compounds are created either due to natural processes or in the laboratory. 2. Inorganic compounds can make salt(as they are ionic), while organic does not due to their covalency. 3. Organic compounds contain carbon, while inorganic compound contain metal and other element. 4. Organic compounds have carbon-hydrogen bonds, while inorganic do not have these bond. 5. Inorganic compounds contain metal atoms, whereas organic compounds do not. 6. Organic compounds are biological and inorganic are mineral in nature. 7. Organic compound are covalent in nature whereas organic compound are both ionic and covalent in nature. 8.Organic compound can form long and complex chain of molecules(hence form polymers) whereas inorganic compound does not have this capacity. 9. Organic compound are source of energy for human life(as food) whereas inorganic compound act as catalyst. 10.Organic compound are used as main source of energy in modern world(as petroleum oil) whereas inorganic compound does not.

Example of Organic Compounds

Examples of Inorganic Compounds

SODIUM BICARBONATE

SILVER NITRATE