Mind Maps For Secondary Science : Volume 1

Also called poor conductor Wood

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Glass
2 3 4 6 5 1

b
Substance that allows heat to move through slowly Aluminium
3

HEAT INSULATOR

c
7

Examples

Plastic

Due to temperature difference

From a hot object to cold object

hot

cold Good conductors

a

Cork Asbestos

Rubber Polystyrene

High conduction rate

b

Iron

Examples Copper 1 Becomes cold very fast Becomes hot very fast

Depends on material

d c b a
Substance that allows heat to move through easily

HEAT CONDUCTOR

Metals

HEAT FLOW HEAT CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS

Warm air rises
1

Bad conductors : Insulators

a

Heat flow through solids

a

Heat travels from hot to cold end

b c

Conduction rate
4

Non - Metals

Low conduction rate

wax

F
CONDUCTION

Warm air rises

2

Air conditioner placed near ceiling

Experiment A b
a

I
2

Convection current produced

Heater placed near floor

Heat flows from hot end to cold end by conduction Colder air sinks

Pin A falls first, then pin B followed by pin C.

VOLUME 1 CHAPTER 7

Cold air sinks

Hot air rises and escapes from top

1

Ventilation holes at roof

BUILDINGS' COOLING/ HEATING SYSTEM

a

1
3

Cold air enters heater

Convection current produced

HEAT (2 - 4)
G
HEAT FLOW TYPES
a

Heat flow through fluids (liquids and gases) By circulatory movement of heated fluid.
c

2
CONVECTION

H
3

Hot fluid moves upwards, cold fluid move downwards.

HEAT FLOW IN NATURAL PHENOMENA

2

SEA BREEZE
During Daytime Cooler air flows towards land
4 3 Cold

Forms convection current RADIATION Experiments

c b
Land heats up faster
1 1

Cool air enters from windows near the ground

3 2

Warm air 2 rises

air sinks

WARMING OF EARTH BY SUN LAND BREEZE

RADIATION
During Nighttime Cool 4 air sinks Cooler air flows towards sea
5

a
Smouldering incense stick hot air

Experiment Can flow through vacuum Heat flow without medium

Purple stream of water move upwards, the downwards in circular motion. Potassium permanganate crystal

To switch

cold air
2

Vacuum (No conduction or convention)

Warm air rises

Heat flows in vacuum by radiation.

1

Convection current

A convection current is formed in heated water and air.

Land cools down faster

Sea warmer than land

To vacuum pump

After 10 minutes, thermometer shows a rise in temperaure.