-7

The Magnetic Field

: Magnetism



) 2500.( ) 3 (Fe O 4
)( -



) (Fe O
.
) 121.(



)
.(Magnetic poles
:

:
-1
.
-2


.
-3


4

 " "
" " -

) .(1

.

)(1
-4 .
-5

" ) ( ".
:


" " 1819





.




. .

 ) ( .

.
:

.



.

.


.







)(
:
I = q

) ( /.
= IA
) (A .
)(

.


.
:

q1 q2 ) (r
:
q1 q 2
r2

F=k

k .

.
"
"Permeability " "


.
:




.
Flux line of force

:





).(2

)(2

)
(

.
:


.



.

.

) ( q ) ( r ) ( B
q 1
r2
) ( F
B=k

) ( B

)( q

F = q B

.
:


) (q
) (B ) (F
F = qB

)(*2

.
) (q ) (2L
) (
) (T
:
o

To = qB(2 Lsin) = 2 qLBsin

To = qB(2L sin) = 2qLBsin

:
B = 1

= 90

T = 2qL

" T "

.
:
)( :

Intensity of Magnetization

 ) (I

***

Im = M/V

T
2 qL q
= =p
=
V 2 LA A

: =
.


) (:

)(3

) (R

.
) (Q ) (3


) (B

B + B

2

q
q
B2 = k
,
2
)( R L
( R + L) 2

q
q
B = B1 + B2 = k
+ k
2
2
( R L) ( R + L)

4 Lr
B = kq
R 2 L2 2

B1 = k


L2 R2
) (5:
R

2Tk
R3

=B

) (:

)(4

) (Q ) (R
.

) (B1 )
(B2
) .(4 :
q

B2 = k

)
(
)

R 2 + L2

R 2 + L2

B1 = k

B = B1 + B2

) (4 :
B = 2 B1 cos

)(QSN
3/ 2

2 Lqk
+ L2

(R

2 1/2

+L

) (R

qk
2

+L

(R

B= 2

Tk

) (R + L

2 3/ 2

= B

.

L2 R2

Tk
R3

=B

) (:

.
B Flux density

Permeability


:
= B/H

B
H

K Magnetic Susceptibility

Magnetic permeability

Magnetic Induction

Magnetic Susceptibility

Ferromagnetism

:

:

-



.
N





.
) (B I

.

) (
BH :

) ( BH ) (B
B = BH tan
B

2pNI
2pNI 2pNI
= BH tan
r
r
r
rB H
=I
tan
2pN

I = Cg tan

Cg

r , N BH

:

E Ri
Rg R
:
E
R + R i +R g

= I

 I = Cg tan
E
= Cg tan
R + R i +R g
E
R + Ri + Rg = C tan
g
E
= C Cot
g
E
) R = C Cot - (Ri + Rg
g

)**(

)( cot , R . R tan
.
)( R Ri + Rg
Ri .Rg
)(
.

E
Cg

X - Rays

Catrier

Medulation